JP4479017B2 - Spray nozzle in greenhouse - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a spray nozzle technology in a greenhouse and belongs to a technical field related to plant cultivation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-133647, a conventional technique is a pincushion wound with a thread to support a stem and improve the growth of a plant when cultivating a plant such as a tomato. A technique for supporting a plant stem by suspending it from the tip is disclosed.
[0003]
And plants such as tomatoes are planted on a cultivation floor member made of rock wool, hydroponics is performed with the supplied nutrient solution, and the hanging position moves to the far side as the stem grows It is known to grow.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When cultivated with the above-described conventional apparatus, the plant is cultivated while moving the hanging position to the far side as the stalk grows, corresponding to the stalk that grows. However, the extending stem has a problem in that the portion that extends horizontally in the portion close to the roots hangs down and crawls on the ground, causing the occurrence of disease and the difficulty of leaf shoveling.
Then, this invention makes it a subject to switch the spraying opening of a spraying nozzle to downward and upward, and to perform fine fog cooling and control work.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention takes the following technical means in order to solve the above-described problems. That is, a spray port (51) is provided on one of the upper and lower sides of the spray pipe (52), a pulling wire (56) is connected to the spray pipe (52), and the spray pipe (52) is placed in the vertical guide groove (54). The rack (57) is provided in the middle part of the guide groove (54), the pinion (58) meshing with the rack (57) is provided in the spray pipe (52), and the spray pipe (52) is provided. By moving up and down along the guide groove (54), the spray pipe (52) is rotated halfway by the engagement of the rack (57) and the pinion (58), and the spray pipe (52) is located above the guide groove (54). The spray nozzle (51) is directed downward, and when the spray pipe (52) is below the guide groove (54), the spray nozzle (51) is directed upward. .
[0006]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, when the spray tube (52) is above the guide groove (54), the spray port (51) faces downward, and fine fog cooling can be performed effectively. When the spray tube (52) is below the guide groove (54), the spray port (51) is directed upward, and the control work can be performed by spraying the chemical solution from below on the leaf stems of the crop .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a cultivation example of tomato will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
In general, when tomato is hydroponically cultivated using a nutrient solution, a greenhouse in which temperature and humidity can be managed by automatic control is used. First, in the case of the Example shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the cultivation shelf 2 is driven and fixed to the ground on both sides of the parallel channel | path provided in the greenhouse. And the cultivation floor member 1 is installed in the container 5 currently installed in the said cultivation shelf 2 using the mat manufactured using the rock wool as a raw material.
[0008]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the planting cube 6 is a member for planting tomato seedlings, and is manufactured using a rock wool as a raw material, on the cultivation floor member 1 at predetermined intervals. Arranged and provided. Usually, the planting cube 6 is grown by planting tomato seedlings in the nursery room, and then cultivated by placing them on the cultivation floor member 1.
Next, the circulation of the nutrient water solution supplied from the planting cube 6 to the cultivation floor member 1 will be described.
[0009]
First, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the nutrient water supply hose 7 is laid in the longitudinal direction along the side of the cultivation shelf 2, and from a position close to the planting cube 6. A drip hose 8 is branched. The drip hose 8 is configured such that a drip spike 9 attached to the tip portion is inserted into the planting cube 6 and a nutrient solution is supplied to each planting tube 6.
[0010]
And the drainage groove | channel 10 is provided in the lower side of the container 5, and it has the structure by which the nutrient water supplied as mentioned above flows down and is drained.
The series of supply mechanisms configured as described above is not shown in the figure, but is supplied by a nutrient water supply device that operates based on a control signal output from the control device. In this case, the control device outputs a control signal to the nutrient water supply device according to a set program in which the nutrient solution required by the tomato should be supplied according to conditions such as sunlight, temperature, and humidity.
[0011]
In this way, the nutrient solution is mixed with the fertilizer components necessary for the water and is sent from the nutrient solution supply device to the nutrient supply hose 7 by the pump pressure. The nutrient solution flows in the nutrient supply hose 7 on the side of the cultivation shelf 2, passes through the drip hose 8, and is automatically supplied to the planting cube 6 through the drip spike 9. The The supplied nutrient solution soaks into the cultivation floor member from the planting cube 6, and excess liquid flows from the container 5 to the drain groove 10 and is drained.
[0012]
When the nutrient solution is supplied in this way, the tomato grows while sufficiently absorbing the fertilizer component, and the first and second inflores will bloom and bear fruit. And the tomatoes can be harvested as fully nutritious, delicious, nutritious and of good quality.
Then, the waste water is recirculated to the nutrient water supply device side again and subjected to necessary treatment such as sterilization and then circulated again.
[0013]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the suspending device 3 is hooked and locked on a rope 11 stretched along the longitudinal direction of the shelf 2 above the cultivation shelf 2. -It is configured to be movable along the loop. The hanging device 3 has a structure similar to that of a bobbin winder. The hanging device 3 can be fed out and wound up, and can be locked (fixed) on the way. ing. The hanging thread 12 is configured such that the base portion is wound around the hanging device 3 and hung, and the tip portion is connected to the stem of the tomato by a mounting means such as a clip to be suspended and supported.
[0014]
The suspension device 3 supports the stem portion that is extended as the tomato grows in a suspended state, and is suspended along the rope 11 on the side away from the cultivation floor member 1 along with the growth of the stem. It moves the lowered position (the position where it is hooked).
Next, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the stem support frame 4 is formed in a frontal portal shape by a pipe material so as to straddle the cultivation floor member 1 placed on the cultivation shelf 2. It is installed and fixed at both ends by driving it into the ground. The stem portion support frame 4 is formed with a support portion 13 that receives and supports the stem at an intermediate portion, and both stems are raised upward to form a stem fall prevention portion 14.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 4 from the state shown in FIG. 3 in the growth process of the tomatoes grown from the planting cube 6, the stem supporting device configured as described above, The suspension device 3 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the tomato stem hangs downward, but at that time, it is received and supported by the support portion 13, and does not hang until it is grounded. In this way, the stem part of the tomato is received and supported by the support part 13 while being prevented from sliding down by the raised fall prevention part 14 continuous at both ends, and grows without falling to the ground. It is possible to harvest fruits with high quality and high commercial value.
[0016]
And since the tomato stalk does not protrude sideways by the fall prevention part 14 as mentioned above, the cultivation shelf 2 can ensure a work channel | path immediately to the side, and also the cultivation cultivation of a tomato is also attained. .
[0017]
Next, based on FIG. 5 will be described with respect to ozone sterilizer. For example, it can be used when recovering and reusing the drainage of the nutrient solution used for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes.
First, as shown in FIG. 5, the tomato cultivation facility 20 has a configuration in which a cultivation mat 21 made of rock wool is placed on a cultivation shelf 22 to grow tomatoes. The nutrient solution supply hose 23 is piped along the cultivation shelf 22, and the drip hose 24 is branched to supply the nutrient solution to each cultivation mat 21.
[0018]
The drainage pipe 25 is connected to the drainage groove 26 of the cultivation shelf 22 so as to collect the used nutrient solution and collect it in the sterilization tank 27. The sterilization tank 27 is connected to the ozone generator 28 and configured to generate, supply, and sterilize ozone when a certain amount of used nutrient solution is accumulated.
Next, the aeration tank 29 is connected to the air pump 30 so as to extract the ozone in the water blown in the sterilization tank 27 while feeding air. Reference numeral 31 denotes a liquid feed pump.
[0019]
Since it comprised as mentioned above , after collect | recovering the nutrient water once used for cultivation of a plant with a circulation device and carrying out ozone sterilization, it can extract and reuse ozone in water. In this way, the nutrient solution removes the sterilized ozone and reuses it, so that while preventing the occurrence of disease, it does not harm the cultivated plants with ozone and is similar to the new nutrient solution The effect can be demonstrated.
[0020]
Next, based on FIG. 6, after recovering the nutrient solution used for hydroponics of the plant, the process leading to reuse is automatically sterilized (ozone sterilization), and the circulation control is performed to remove ozone. What provides the configuration is described .
[0021]
First, in FIG. 6, 35 is a collection tank for used nutrient solution, 36 is a sterilization tank, and 37 is an aeration tank. The recovery tank 35 is equipped with a pump 38 with a float, and is configured to send the nutrient solution to the next sterilization tank 36. In this case, the recovery tank 35, the liquid level of the Yomizu liquid reaches L _1, O - bar - flow - is configured to naturally drained to.
[0022]
Then, sterilization tank 36 is connected to the ozone generator 39, Yomizu liquid sterilizing the liquid level reaches the L ₃ is started in, L ₂ position of the liquid level indicating the upper limit. In this way, when the sterilization tank 36 is supplied with ozone from the ozone generator 39 and sterilization is started, the pump 40 is driven after the elapse of a predetermined time, and the nutrient solution is supplied to the aeration tank 37. It is configured to circulate.
[0023]
The aeration tank 37 is connected to the air generator 41 and starts aeration at the liquid level L _{5. When} the liquid level reaches L ₄ , the electromagnetic valve 42 is opened and a new compound is prepared. The new nourishing liquid that has been supplied is joined and reused.
As described above , there is a feature that a series of steps of recovering ozone sterilized once used, sterilizing with ozone, and degassing can be automatically performed by a control mechanism based on liquid level detection.
[0024]
Next, based on FIGS. 7 to 9 will be described in detail with respect to the spray nozzle 50. It is intended to embody an apparatus capable of switching the nozzle spray port 51 between downward and upward.
First, as shown in FIG. 9, the spray nozzle 50 is configured by arranging spray ports 51 directed to one side (lower side) in the spray tube 52 and connected to a hose 53 communicating with a pump (not shown). Thus, the chemical liquid or the like can be sprayed. And the spray nozzle 50 is installed in the greenhouse in the case of an Example.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 7, the spray tube 52 is configured to be guided in a vertically sliding manner by fitting a guide surface 55 into a guide groove 54 formed in the vertical direction. The spray tube 52 is connected to a pulling wire 56 wound around a winch (not shown) driven by a motor so as to move up and down in the guide groove 54.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 7, the rack 57 is provided at an intermediate portion of the guide groove 54, and the pinion 58 of the spray pipe 52 is engaged with the pinion 58 in the middle of the vertical movement to rotate halfway.
In this way, as shown in FIG. 7, the spray nozzle 50 is half-rotated by the engagement of the rack 57 and the pinion 58 while being guided up and down along the guide groove 54, and moves the spray nozzle 51 up and down. It can be switched to.
[0027]
With the above configuration, the spray nozzle 50 is suitable for fine fog cooling when the spray nozzle 50 is in the upper part and the spray nozzle 51 faces downward, and in the state where the spray nozzle 51 is lowered and lowered to the upper part. Suitable for crop control work.
As described above, fine fog cooling can be effectively performed at the upper part, and when it is moved to the lower part, the spray port 51 is directed upward, and the chemical is sprayed onto the leaf stems of the crops from below to carry out the control work. Features that can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view .
FIG. 2 is a plan view .
FIG. 3 is a side view .
FIG. 4 is a side view .
FIG. 5 is an explanatory layout diagram;
FIG. 6 is a layout for explanation .
FIG. 7 is an operational side view .
FIG. 8 is an operational side view .
FIG. 9 is an operational front view .
[Explanation of symbols]
50: Spray nozzle, 51: Spray port, 52: Spray tube, 54: Guide groove, 56: Pull wire, 57: Rack, 58: Pinion

Claims (1)

A spray port (51) is provided on one of the upper and lower sides of the spray pipe (52), a pulling wire (56) is connected to the spray pipe (52), and the spray pipe (52) is moved up and down in the vertical guide groove (54). The rack (57) is provided in the middle of the guide groove (54), the pinion (58) meshing with the rack (57) is provided in the spray pipe (52), and the spray pipe (52) is provided in the guide groove. By moving up and down along (54), the spray tube (52) is half-rotated by the engagement of the rack (57) and the pinion (58), and the spray tube (52) is at the upper part of the guide groove (54). A spray nozzle in a greenhouse in which the spray port (51) is sometimes downward and the spray port (51) is upward when the spray tube (52) is below the guide groove (54) .

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