JP4469961B2 - Pest collection and detection device using attraction and evasion by physical and mechanical action - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pest collection / detection device using attracting and repelling by physics / mechanical action, and more specifically, in place of pesticide spraying in pest control in fields and agricultural facilities, or The present invention relates to a pest control means that makes it possible to reduce the frequency and amount of use. The present invention provides a new pest control means that solves the problems in the conventional control means, is low in cost, improves work efficiency, and saves labor.

In recent years, as social needs surrounding agriculture, in particular, reduction of environmental burdens with agricultural chemicals (chemical synthetic agricultural chemicals) and establishment of pest control technology in harmony with the natural environment have become issues. On the other hand, consumers strongly demand the production site to provide crops produced by cultivation that suppresses the use of pesticides as much as possible. Therefore, in the agricultural field, establishment of a pest control technique that enables production of agricultural crops while suppressing the use of agricultural chemicals while ensuring productivity and quality is required.

  Control means using conventional physical and mechanical action used for pest control include (1) Attracting type insect trap (insecticide), (2) Pest attack avoidance technology using yellow fluorescent light, etc. (3) Pheromone There is an automatic trap counting device. Among these, for the attracting type insect capturing device (insecticidal device) of (1) above, a pest control means is installed in the vicinity where the flying pest performs a harmful action, fluorescent lamp, ultraviolet lamp, colored paper, sex pheromone, etc. Thus, devices and instruments for collecting and killing insects attracted into the device (container) with a high-voltage electric wire network (electric shock), insecticide, adhesive plate / tape, etc. have been put into practical use (Patent Documents 1 to 3). 7).

In addition, with regard to the technique for avoiding insect pests using the yellow fluorescent lamp in (2) above, moths that fly at night and are harmed by sucking from flower buds and fruits do not enter the space where yellow light exceeds a certain illuminance ( Although it has repellent properties, it has been put into practical use as a technique to avoid the damage of moths to horticultural horticulture (mainly flower buds) or orchards (mainly pears) using fluorescent lamps that emit yellow light, high-pressure sodium lamps, etc. (Patent Document 8).

Furthermore, with regard to the pheromone trap automatic counting device of (3) above, a device that uses a pest sex pheromone to attract and kill pests in a device installed near the field and simultaneously measures the number of individuals is put into practical use. (Patent Documents 9 and 10).

However, these conventional techniques have the following problems. That is, in the “electric shock insecticidal device” which is a representative example of the attracting type insect capturing device of (1), an attracting light source and a capturing part (such as an electric shock net) are combined in one device. The range that the control effect of one unit can reach is relatively narrow, and a large number of the same devices are required to control the entire facility or field. In addition, while the device is in operation, if it is an insect having a phototaxis, a non-pest species is also attracted and killed without distinction.

In addition, the harm avoidance technique using the yellow fluorescent lamp or the yellow high pressure sodium lamp described in (2) is effective for moths having repelling characteristics against yellow light, but pests having attracting characteristics to yellow light. (Some stink bugs, etc.) are also present, so it is difficult to respond when they fly to the same field.

Furthermore, in the pheromone trap automatic counting device of (3) above, the pheromone serving as the attracting source is limited to pests that have been put into practical use (commercialized). Moreover, this apparatus itself is not a control means, but is used for measuring the amount of target pests generated and for predicting the occurrence of pests using the measured values.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-081100 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-070402 JP 2001-258453 A JP 2000-000049 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-346625 JP-A-6-007067 JP-A-5-168386 JP 11-192044 A JP 2003-304788 A JP 2000-060403 A

  Under such circumstances, in view of the above prior art, the present inventors have conducted intensive research with the goal of developing a new pest control means capable of drastically solving the problems of the above prior art. As a result, we have succeeded in developing a new insect pest collection / detection device that uses attraction and repelling by physical and mechanical action, combining one attracting / collecting unit and multiple repelling / guidance devices. The present invention has been completed.

  The present invention is a pest control means that can perform a killing operation based on the amount of target pests generated, can reduce the frequency of killing non-target insects, and can minimize the influence on the surrounding ecosystem. Is intended to provide.

The present invention for solving the above-described problems comprises the following technical means.
(1) A repellent / guidance unit for repelling / attracting pests by physical / mechanical action, an attracting / collecting unit for detecting the attracted pests and transmitting the data, and receiving the data, and receiving the received data A pest collection / detection device comprising a measurement control unit for controlling pest collection based on the measurement control unit.
(2) The apparatus according to (1), wherein the repelling / guiding unit includes means for emitting light and / or sound having an effect of repelling the flying pests outside the field or the facility.
(3) The apparatus according to (1), wherein the attracting / collecting unit includes means for detecting the attracted pests with a sensor and transmitting the data to the measurement control unit and pest collecting means.
(4) The measurement control unit receives the data transmitted from the attracting / collecting unit, analyzes the amount of pests generated based on the data, and controls the operation of the pest collecting unit according to the result. The apparatus according to the above (1), having means for performing.
(5) The apparatus according to (1), wherein a plurality of repelling / guidance units are installed around a pest control target field or facility.
(6) The apparatus according to (1), wherein the attracting / collecting unit includes sensor means such as an image sensor, an optical sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and a contact sensor that detect the attracted pest group.
(7) The measurement control unit includes an analysis processing unit that estimates a pest generation amount, and includes a data communication unit that transmits a signal for controlling the operation of the collection device based on the generation amount. apparatus.
(8) The apparatus according to (1), wherein the measurement control unit includes means for transmitting information and data on the occurrence status of pests.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The device of the present invention generates a light and sound that has an effect of repelling the pests from the field or outside the facility, and a light or sound that has the effect of attracting the same kind of pests. Then, by using the sensor B to detect the attracted pests and transmitting the data, and using the received data, perform analysis processing such as estimation of the amount of pests generated, and according to the amount It is composed of a device C (measurement control unit) for controlling the operation of the pest collecting mechanism incorporated in B, and the like.

  In the present invention, a plurality of the devices A are installed around a pest control target field or facility. In addition, the above B is installed in a place where there are no crops or the like which are harmed even if pests concentrate in the vicinity of the field or facility. A is arranged so that pests repel the field and facilities, and many of them fly in the direction of B (for example, the amount of repellent light on the B side is gradually reduced as it approaches B). To do.

In addition, when controlling the operation of A periodically is effective for repelling pests, the operation of A is controlled using B or C so that the pest group is efficiently guided in the direction of B. To do. Further, B detects the attracted pest group with a sensor (for example, an image sensor), and transfers data to C. In this case, as the data transmission means, for example, a wired or wireless LAN, data communication via WAN (Internet), a data recording medium (memory card or the like) provided in the apparatus can be used.

  C analyzes the data received from B and performs an analysis process for estimating the amount of pests generated. C controls the operation of the collection device according to the analysis result of the amount of generated pests (activates when the generated amount exceeds an allowable value). Furthermore, C transmits information and data on the occurrence of pests to a department or the like that manages pest occurrence information in the area as necessary (or periodically).

  In the above A, it is possible to use an appropriate physical / mechanical means capable of repelling / inducing pests, and the means is not particularly limited. In B, an attracting device, a pest detection sensor, and a collecting device are installed. The specific configuration of these devices is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily designed according to the size, purpose of use, etc. of the device. An appropriate device can be used as the attracting device and the collecting device. For example, an image sensor, an optical sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a contact sensor, or the like is preferably used as the pest detection sensor.

The collecting device is provided with means for controlling the operation of the pest collecting mechanism according to the signal C. The specific configurations of these collection mechanisms and control means are not particularly limited, and any means can be used. In addition, data on the pest detected by the pest detection sensor is transmitted to C. Any means can be used as the data transmission means.

In C, means for receiving the data transmitted from B, analysis processing such as estimation of the amount of pests generated using the received data, and activation of the pest collecting mechanism incorporated in B according to the amount Measurement control means for controlling is installed. Moreover, it is also possible to appropriately add to these measurement control means means for controlling the operation of a device that emits light or sound effective for avoidance / guidance in A above.

In the device of the present invention, any individual device or means constituting the device can use any device or means having a desired function, and their specific configuration is particularly limited. is not.

Next, differences between the present invention and the prior art, and novelty and improvements of the present invention will be described.
(1) Difference from an attracting-type insect capturing device (such as a lightning insecticidal device) In many attracting-type insect capturing devices, an attracting part and a collecting part constitute a single device. Since the range of the control effect of one unit is limited, it is necessary to increase the number of devices in order to perform control over a wide range of fields and facilities as a whole. In that case, since a collection part is added for every apparatus, cost, the complexity of maintenance, etc. become a problem.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, the cost of equipment is reduced by combining one attracting / collecting unit (complex structure and relatively expensive) and a plurality of repelling and guiding devices (simple structure and relatively inexpensive). Can be kept low, and maintenance and management of the apparatus are easy.

  Note that many insect trapping devices that use an attracting light source attract and collect (catch) pests and other insects without distinction. In contrast, in the present invention, it is possible to control the operation of the killing mechanism based on the generation amount of the target pest, and the collection operation is performed only when the generation amount of the target pest exceeds an allowable value. This can reduce the frequency of killing non-target insects and minimize the impact on surrounding ecosystems.

(2) Difference from an automatic counting device using a pheromone trap The device using a pheromone trap can measure only pests that can use a sex pheromone as an attracting source. There are a large number of pests that can be used for pheromones in vegetables and the like, but there are only about 1-2 kinds of pests in rice. Many paddy rice pests have phototaxis, and in order to investigate the amount of generation, a forecast light (using attracting and killing with incandescent lamps, etc.) is widely used. In the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to target pests for which pheromones have not been put into practical use by using a light source or a sound source for attracting and repelling.

The following effects are exhibited by the present invention.
(1) The present invention can provide a new control means that can replace conventional pesticide spraying or reduce the frequency and amount of use of pesticides in pest control in fields and agricultural facilities. .
(2) The device of the present invention can perform a collecting operation based on the generation amount of target pests, thereby reducing the frequency of capturing non-target insects and minimizing the influence on surrounding ecosystems. Can be limited.
(3) By using the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the control effect, improve work efficiency and save labor while reducing the use of agricultural chemicals in fields and agricultural facilities. It can be expected to promote efforts.
(4) By continuously using the device of the present invention in a field or the like, it is possible to continuously obtain data on behavioral characteristics of insects with respect to light. As a result, a lot of information on insect behavior and ecology is accumulated, and it can contribute to the conservation of the natural environment and ecosystem surrounding the field.
(5) Field conditions and crop growth conditions by adding or connecting to the apparatus of the present invention a function for measuring weather conditions (temperature, humidity, amount of solar radiation, wind speed, etc.) or a function for monitoring fields and crop bodies. It can also be used as a device for automatically monitoring or recording.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

  In this embodiment, for each of a plurality of adjacent fields, several repelling / guidance sections A, a single attracting / collecting section B at the center of the boundary where the plurality of fields are adjacent, and office work separated from the fields One measurement control unit C was installed at a place. As a pest repellent / guidance means in the repellent / guidance part A, a light-emitting device using a fluorescent lamp, an electric lamp, an LED, or the like was installed as a light source. As the target pests, spotted rice stink bugs, which are the main pests of rice, were selected. The arrangement of the light source and the light amount were adjusted so that the repelling light amount gradually decreased as it approached the attracting / collecting part B.

  In the attracting / collecting part B, a light source device in which LEDs having high attractive colors (white, blue, etc.) are integrated on a flat surface is used as an attracting device. A small blower was installed to pump insects into the collection basket by wind power. Moreover, in order to control the action | operation of a collection apparatus, apparatuses, such as a programmable controller, were installed. As the pest detection sensor, an image sensor having a field of view of the attracting device attracting part was used.

  The data detected by the above pest detection sensor can be obtained by using a data communication medium (memory card or the like) provided in the apparatus by data communication via wired or wireless LAN, WAN (Internet), or the measurement control unit C. Sent to. The measurement control unit performs analysis processing such as estimation of the amount of pests generated using the received data, and controls the operation of the pest collection mechanism in B according to a preset allowable amount. As a result, the target pests could be collected according to the generation amount. In addition, it was confirmed that the frequency of killing non-target pests can be reduced.

  As described above in detail, the present invention relates to a pest collection / detection device that uses attraction and repellent by physical and mechanical action, and according to the present invention, it is possible to produce crops with reduced use of agricultural chemicals. It is possible to establish such pest control technology. The present invention uses a physical / mechanical action (light, sound, etc.) and avoids pest damage by avoiding or attracting / collecting pests. Or the amount used can be reduced. Therefore, when this apparatus is used, it can be expected to reduce the environmental load due to the agricultural chemicals and to reduce the material costs related to the agricultural chemicals.

  In addition, in reducing and pesticide-free cultivation aimed at producing high-value-added crops, there are few effective control measures to replace pesticides. For this reason, when this device is used, the use of pesticides can be reduced, the control effect can be stabilized, the work efficiency can be improved, or labor can be saved, and efforts to reduce and grow pesticide-free will be expanded. There is expected.

The conceptual diagram of the pest collection and detection apparatus of this invention using the attraction and repelling by a physical and mechanical action is shown.

Explanation of symbols

A repellent / guide unit B attract / collect unit C measurement control unit (pest detection data, pest generation estimation, B and A operation control)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crop 2 Pest group 3 Pest detection sensor 4 Attracting device 5 Collection device 6 Data communication a Light source b Repelling action c Operation control, electric power, etc. d Attracting action

Claims (8)

  A repellent / guidance unit for repelling / attracting pests by physical / mechanical action, an attracting / collecting unit for detecting the attracted pests and transmitting the data, and receiving the data, and pests based on the received data An insect pest collection / detection device comprising a measurement control unit for controlling the collection of insects.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the repelling / guiding unit has means for emitting light and / or sound having an effect of repelling the flying pests outside the field or the facility.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the attracting / collecting unit includes means for detecting the attracted pest by a sensor and transmitting the data to the measurement control unit and pest collecting means.   The measurement control unit receives the data transmitted from the attracting / collecting unit, analyzes the generation amount of the pest based on the data, and controls the operation of the pest collecting unit according to the result. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising:   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of repelling / guidance units are installed around a pest control target field or facility.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the attracting / collecting unit includes sensor means such as an image sensor, an optical sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and a contact sensor that detect the attracted pest group.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measurement control unit includes an analysis processing unit that estimates a generation amount of a pest, and includes a data communication unit that transmits a signal for controlling the operation of the collection device based on the generation amount.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measurement control unit has means for transmitting information and data on a pest occurrence status.