JP4441949B2 - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents

Pneumatic tire Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4441949B2
JP4441949B2 JP17513299A JP17513299A JP4441949B2 JP 4441949 B2 JP4441949 B2 JP 4441949B2 JP 17513299 A JP17513299 A JP 17513299A JP 17513299 A JP17513299 A JP 17513299A JP 4441949 B2 JP4441949 B2 JP 4441949B2
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Prior art keywords
sipe
contour line
block
tire
width direction
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JP2001001722A (en
Inventor
久弥 森下
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Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
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Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1204Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
    • B60C11/1218Three-dimensional shape with regard to depth and extending direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
    • B60C11/1204Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
    • B60C2011/1213Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe sinusoidal or zigzag at the tread surface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、スタッドレスタイヤやオールシーズンタイヤ等として好適な空気入りタイヤに関し、さらに詳しくは、乾燥路面での操縦安定性を低下させることなく氷上性能を向上することを可能にし、かつ偏摩耗の発生を抑制するようにした空気入りタイヤに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
スタッドレスタイヤにおいて、雪上牽引性能を向上するために、ブロックにサイプと呼ばれる切り込みを設け、このサイプによってブロックを複数の小ブロックに区分することが一般に行われている。このサイプによって摩擦係数μが低い路面でもエッジ効果が発揮され、タイヤの滑りを抑えて安定した走行を可能にしている。
【0003】
ところが、最近では雪上牽引性能に加えて、ミラーバーンのような氷路面での走行性能、即ち氷上性能が重視されるようになっているため、タイヤが接地する部分のゴム組成物には低温下でも十分な柔らかさを維持することが要求されている。従来、上記サイプは平板状又は波形のサイプ成形骨を使用して成形されているが、これら形状のサイプを有するブロックに更に柔らかいゴム組成物を使用すると、ブロック剛性を維持できなくなるため乾燥路面での操縦安定性を低下させたり、ブロックの倒れ込みにより接地面積が減少するため逆に氷上性能を低下させてしまうという問題があった。また、上述のようにブロックの倒れ込みが生じると偏摩耗を引き起し易く、この偏摩耗の進行に伴って氷上及び雪上性能の低下が著しくなってしまう。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、乾燥路面での操縦安定性を低下させることなく氷上性能を向上することを可能にし、かつ偏摩耗の発生を抑制するようにした空気入りタイヤを提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するための本発明の空気入りタイヤは、トレッドに複数のブロックを分割形成し、これら複数のブロックの表面にそれぞれタイヤ幅方向に延びる少なくとも1本のサイプを設け、該ブロックを複数の小ブロックに区分した空気入りタイヤにおいて、
前記サイプの形状を3次元の曲面から構成し、該3次元の曲面において、サイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第1輪郭線と該第1輪郭線からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第2輪郭線とをサイプ深さ方向に交互に配置すると共に、サイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第3輪郭線と該第3輪郭線からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第4輪郭線とをサイプ幅方向に交互に配置し、
前記小ブロックの対向面の一方に、第1輪郭線と第4輪郭線との交点に底点が位置して四角錘をなす複数の凹部を形成すると共に、第2輪郭線と第3輪郭線との交点に頂点が位置して四角錘をなす複数の凸部を形成し、前記小ブロックの対向面の他方に、前記凹部及び前記凸部の各々に噛み合う凸部及び凹部を形成し、
前記トレッドに使用するゴム組成物のJIS−A硬度を40〜60にすると共に、前記サイプの厚さ方向の振幅を0.5〜3mmにし、かつ前記サイプの厚さを0.2〜1mmにしたことを特徴とするものである。
【0006】
このようにサイプの形状を3次元の曲面から構成し、小ブロックの対向面に互いに噛み合う凹部と凸部を点在させたことにより、これら凹部と凸部との噛み合いによりブロックの倒れ込みを効果的に防止することができる。従って、氷上性能を高めるためにトレッドに低硬度のゴム組成物を使用してもブロック剛性を確保することが可能であるので乾燥路面での操縦安定性の低下を抑えられる。また、ブロックが必要以上に倒れ込まないので、氷上でより高い接地性を確保し、路面に対する摩擦係数μを高めて氷上性能を更に向上することができ、しかも偏摩耗の発生を抑制することができる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の構成について添付の図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
【0008】
図1は本発明を適用する空気入りタイヤのトレッドパターンを例示するものである。図において、トレッドTの表面には、タイヤ周方向に延びる複数本の主溝1及び準主溝1aが設けられていると共に、タイヤ幅方向に延びる複数本の副溝2及び準副溝2aが設けられ、これによって種々異なる形状を有する複数のブロック3が分割形成されている。これら複数のブロック3には、その表面にタイヤ幅方向に延びる少なくとも1本のサイプ4が設けられ、これによって各ブロック3は複数の小ブロック3aに区分されている。
【0009】
本発明は、上述のようなトレッドパターンを有する空気入りタイヤにおいて、そのサイプ形状を特定するものである。
【0010】
図2は本発明の実施形態からなる空気入りタイヤのブロックを拡大して示すものである。この図2に示すように、ブロック3において、サイプ4の形状はサイプ幅方向とサイプ深さ方向の両方でジグザグ状となる3次元の曲面から構成されており、小ブロック3a,3aの対向面に互いに噛み合う凹部5aと凸部5bが点在している。つまり、3次元の曲面においては、サイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第1輪郭線C1と該第1輪郭線C1からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第2輪郭線C2とがサイプ深さ方向に交互に配置され、サイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第3輪郭線C3と該第3輪郭線C3からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第4輪郭線C4とがサイプ幅方向に交互に配置されている。そして、小ブロック3aの対向面の一方には、第1輪郭線C1と第4輪郭線C4との交点に底点が位置する複数の凹部5aが形成され、第2輪郭線C2と第3輪郭線C3との交点に頂点が位置する複数の凸部5bを形成されている。また、小ブロック3aの対向面の他方には、凹部5a及び凸部5bの各々に噛み合う凸部及び凹部が形成されている。サイプ4の3次元曲面は、図3に示すように屈曲面であり、曲面の振幅に基づいて小ブロック3a,3aの対向面に互いに噛み合う凹部5aと凸部5bを形成することが必要である。
【0011】
図3において、サイプ4の形状は斜線部が奥方向に凹の四角錐となり、白い部分が手前方向に凸の四角錐となるような3次元曲面を構成しており、タイヤ表面とブロック側面でそれぞれジグザグ状の開放端を有している。図4(参考例)において、サイプ4の形状は網線部が奥方向に凹の湾曲突起となり、白い部分が手前方向に凸の湾曲突起となるような3次元曲面を構成しており、タイヤ表面とブロック側面でそれぞれジグザグ状の開放端を有している
【0012】
サイプ4の厚さ方向の振幅は0.5〜3mmの範囲に設定するこのサイプ4の振幅が0.5mm未満であるとブロックの倒れ込み防止効果が不十分になり、逆に3mmを超えるとタイヤをモールドから離型する際にブロック欠けを生じやすくなる。上記サイプ4の折れ曲がりの周期はサイプ深さに依存するが少なくとも1周期以上、好ましくは2〜5周期にするとよい。また、サイプ4の厚さは0.2〜1mmの範囲に設定する
【0013】
上述のようにサイプ4の形状をサイプ幅方向とサイプ深さ方向との両方でジグザグ状にした3次元の曲面から構成し、小ブロック3a,3aの対向面に互いに噛み合う凹部5aと凸部5bを点在させたことにより、例えばタイヤ制動時や駆動時において複数の小ブロック3aに区分されたブロック3が倒れ込もうとするときに凹部5aと凸部5bとが互いに噛み合ってブロック3の倒れ込みを効果的に防止することができる。即ち、凹部5aと凸部5bは互いに噛み合うことでブロック3のタイヤ周方向の倒れ込みとタイヤ幅方向の倒れ込みを共に防止するため、サイプ4のエッジ長さを十分に確保しながら優れたブロック剛性を維持することが可能になる。
【0014】
従って、氷上性能を高めるためにトレッドTに低硬度のゴム組成物を使用してもブロック剛性を確保することが可能であるので乾燥路面での操縦安定性の低下を抑えることができる。本発明では、トレッドTに使用するゴム組成物のJIS−A硬度は40〜60の範囲とし、このような低硬度のゴム組成物を使用することにより優れた氷上性能を発揮することが可能になる。また、凹部5aと凸部5bとの噛み合いによりブロック3が必要以上に倒れ込まず、氷上で十分な接地面積を確保することが可能になるので、路面に対する摩擦係数μを高めて氷上性能を一層向上することができる。
【0015】
更に、上述のようにブロック3の倒れ込みを抑えることにより、偏摩耗の発生を抑制することができる。特に、サイプ4の形状をサイプ幅方向とサイプ深さ方向との両方でジグザグ状にした3次元の曲面から構成しているので、摩耗の進行に伴ってトレッド表面に現れるサイプ4の位置が所定の振幅でずれを繰り返し、これがブロック3内における偏摩耗の抑制に寄与する。従って、摩耗が進行しても偏摩耗を殆ど伴わないので氷上及び雪上性能の低下を抑えることができる。
【0016】
本発明において、トレッドパターン及びブロック形状は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、必要に応じて種々の形態にすることが可能である。
【0017】
また、3次元曲面の形状を有するサイプはタイヤモールドの内面に3次元曲面のサイプ成形骨を植え込むことにより成形することができる。このサイプ成形骨は金属平板にプレス加工を施して3次元曲面に成形することにより得られる。この場合、サイプ成形骨の凹凸の頂部に予め切り込みや穴を設けるようにすれば、3次元曲面のサイプ成形骨を容易に成形することができる。
【0018】
【実施例】
タイヤサイズを185/65R14 86Qとし、図1のトレッドパターンにおいて、ブロックに図3に示す形状のサイプを設けた本発明タイヤ1と、ブロックに図4に示す形状のサイプを設けた参考タイヤ1と、ブロックに図5に示す形状のサイプを設けた従来タイヤ1と、ブロックに図6に示す形状のサイプを設けた従来タイヤ2とをそれぞれ製作した。なお、本発明タイヤ1、参考タイヤ1及び従来タイヤ1,2において、サイプの厚さを0.4mmで共通にし、サイプの厚さ方向の振幅をそれぞれ1.5mm、3.0mm、1.5mm、1.5mmとした。また、キャップトレッドのJIS−A硬度は48にした。
【0019】
これら試験タイヤをそれぞれ乗用車に装着し、空気圧200kPaとして、下記試験方法により氷上性能、雪上牽引性能、耐偏摩耗性、操縦安定性を評価し、その結果を表1に示した。
【0020】
氷上性能:
氷結路面において速度40km/hの走行状態から急制動し、車が停止するまでの制動距離を測定した。評価結果は従来タイヤ1の測定値の逆数を100とする指数で示した。この指数値が大きいほど氷上性能が優れている。
【0021】
雪上牽引性能:
積雪路面における牽引力を測定した。評価結果は従来タイヤ1を100とする指数で示した。この指数値が大きいほど雪上牽引性能が優れている。
【0022】
耐偏摩耗性:
乾燥舗装路面を平均速度40km/hで10000km走行した後、摩耗によりブロックに生じた段差量を測定した。評価結果は従来タイヤ1の測定値の逆数を100とする指数で示した。この指数値が大きいほど耐偏摩耗性が優れている。
【0023】
操縦安定性:
乾燥舗装路面において5人のパネラーによるフィーリングテストを行った。評価結果は、従来タイヤ1を100とする指数で示した。この指数値が大きいほど操縦安定性が優れている。
【0024】
【表1】

Figure 0004441949
【0025】
この表1から判るように、キャップトレッドの硬さを共通にした場合、本発明タイヤはサイプの形状をサイプ幅方向だけにジグザグ状にした従来タイヤ1に比べて氷上性能、耐偏摩耗性、操縦安定性が共に優れていた。また、サイプの形状をサイプ深さ方向だけにジグザグ状にした従来タイヤ2は、本発明タイヤに比べてブロックの倒れ込み防止効果が不十分であり、また従来タイヤ1に比べてタイヤ表面におけるエッジ長さが減少するため雪上牽引性能が低下していた。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、トレッドに複数のブロックを分割形成し、これら複数のブロックの表面にそれぞれタイヤ幅方向に延びる少なくとも1本のサイプを設け、該ブロックを複数の小ブロックに区分した空気入りタイヤにおいて、
前記サイプの形状を3次元の曲面から構成し、該3次元の曲面において、サイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第1輪郭線と該第1輪郭線からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第2輪郭線とをサイプ深さ方向に交互に配置すると共に、サイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第3輪郭線と該第3輪郭線からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第4輪郭線とをサイプ幅方向に交互に配置し、
前記小ブロックの対向面の一方に、第1輪郭線と第4輪郭線との交点に底点が位置して四角錘をなす複数の凹部を形成すると共に、第2輪郭線と第3輪郭線との交点に頂点が位置して四角錘をなす複数の凸部を形成し、前記小ブロックの対向面の他方に、前記凹部及び前記凸部の各々に噛み合う凸部及び凹部を形成し、
前記トレッドに使用するゴム組成物のJIS−A硬度を40〜60にすると共に、前記サイプの厚さ方向の振幅を0.5〜3mmにし、かつ前記サイプの厚さを0.2〜1mmにしたことにより、これら凹部と凸部との噛み合いによりブロックの倒れ込みを効果的に防止するので、乾燥路面での操縦安定性を低下させることなく氷上性能を向上することができ、しかも偏摩耗の発生を抑制することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明を適用する空気入りタイヤのトレッドパターンの一例を示す展開図である。
【図2】本発明の実施形態からなる空気入りタイヤのブロックを示す斜視図である。
【図3】本発明におけるサイプの形状を例示する図である。
【図4】 サイプの他の形状(参考例)を例示する図である。
【図5】従来のサイプの形状を例示する図である
【図6】従来のサイプの他の形状を例示する図である。
【符号の説明】
3 ブロック
3a 小ブロック
4 サイプ
5a 凹部
5b 凸部
T トレッド[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire suitable as a studless tire, an all-season tire, or the like. More specifically, the present invention makes it possible to improve performance on ice without deteriorating steering stability on a dry road surface, and occurrence of uneven wear. The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire that suppresses the above.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a studless tire, in order to improve the traction performance on snow, a block called a sipe is provided in the block, and the block is generally divided into a plurality of small blocks by the sipe. This sipe exhibits an edge effect even on a road surface having a low friction coefficient μ, and enables stable running by suppressing tire slip.
[0003]
However, in recent years, in addition to traction performance on snow, driving performance on icy road surfaces such as Mirrorburn, that is, performance on ice, has been emphasized. However, it is required to maintain sufficient softness. Conventionally, the above sipe has been formed using flat or corrugated sipe-formed bones. However, if a softer rubber composition is used for a block having a sipe of these shapes, the rigidity of the block cannot be maintained, so that it is difficult to maintain on the dry road surface. However, there is a problem that on-ice performance is lowered because the ground contact area is reduced due to the falling of the block and the falling of the block. Further, if the block falls down as described above, uneven wear is likely to occur, and the performance on ice and snow becomes remarkably deteriorated as the uneven wear progresses.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic tire capable of improving the performance on ice without reducing the steering stability on a dry road surface and suppressing the occurrence of uneven wear.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a pneumatic tire of the present invention is formed by dividing a plurality of blocks in a tread, and providing at least one sipe extending in the tire width direction on the surface of each of the plurality of blocks. In pneumatic tires divided into small blocks,
The shape of the sipe is composed of a three-dimensional curved surface, and the first contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction on the three-dimensional curved surface and a position shifted in the sipe thickness direction from the first contour line The third contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction and the third contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction and the third contour line are alternately arranged in the sipe depth direction. The fourth contour lines extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction at positions shifted from the line in the sipe thickness direction are alternately arranged in the sipe width direction,
On one of the opposing surfaces of the small block, a plurality of recesses forming a quadrangular pyramid with a base point located at the intersection of the first contour line and the fourth contour line are formed, and the second contour line and the third contour line Forming a plurality of convex portions that form a quadrangular pyramid with the apex located at the intersection with each other, and forming the convex portions and the concave portions that mesh with the concave portions and the convex portions on the other of the opposing surfaces of the small block,
The rubber composition used for the tread has a JIS-A hardness of 40 to 60, an amplitude in the thickness direction of the sipe of 0.5 to 3 mm, and a thickness of the sipe of 0.2 to 1 mm. It is characterized by that.
[0006]
In this way, the shape of the sipe is composed of a three-dimensional curved surface, and the recesses and projections that mesh with each other on the opposing surface of the small block are interspersed to effectively block the block from falling due to the engagement between these recesses and projections. Can be prevented. Therefore, even if a rubber composition having a low hardness is used for the tread in order to improve the performance on ice, it is possible to ensure the block rigidity, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in steering stability on the dry road surface. In addition, since the block does not collapse more than necessary, it is possible to ensure higher grounding on ice, increase the friction coefficient μ against the road surface, further improve the performance on ice, and suppress the occurrence of uneven wear. it can.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0008]
FIG. 1 illustrates a tread pattern of a pneumatic tire to which the present invention is applied. In the figure, the surface of the tread T is provided with a plurality of main grooves 1 and quasi-main grooves 1a extending in the tire circumferential direction, and a plurality of sub-grooves 2 and quasi-sub grooves 2a extending in the tire width direction. Thus, a plurality of blocks 3 having different shapes are divided and formed. The plurality of blocks 3 are provided with at least one sipe 4 extending in the tire width direction on the surface thereof, whereby each block 3 is divided into a plurality of small blocks 3a.
[0009]
The present invention specifies the sipe shape of a pneumatic tire having a tread pattern as described above.
[0010]
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged block of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, in the block 3, the shape of the sipe 4 is composed of a three-dimensional curved surface that is zigzag in both the sipe width direction and the sipe depth direction, and faces the small blocks 3a and 3a. Are interspersed with concave portions 5a and convex portions 5b. That is, in the three-dimensional curved surface, the first contour line C1 extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction and the zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction at a position shifted from the first contour line C1 in the sipe thickness direction. The second contour line C2 extending in the sipe depth direction is alternately arranged in the sipe depth direction, and the third contour line C3 extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction and the third contour line C3 in the sipe thickness direction. The fourth contour lines C4 extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction at the shifted positions are alternately arranged in the sipe width direction. A plurality of recesses 5a whose bottom points are located at the intersections of the first contour line C1 and the fourth contour line C4 are formed on one of the opposing surfaces of the small block 3a, and the second contour line C2 and the third contour line are formed. A plurality of convex portions 5b whose apexes are located at intersections with the line C3 are formed. Moreover, the other part of the opposing surface of the small block 3a is formed with a convex part and a concave part that mesh with each of the concave part 5a and the convex part 5b. The three-dimensional curved surface of the sipe 4 is a curved surface as shown in FIG. 3, and it is necessary to form a concave portion 5a and a convex portion 5b that mesh with each other on the opposing surfaces of the small blocks 3a and 3a based on the amplitude of the curved surface. .
[0011]
In FIG. 3, the shape of the sipe 4 is a three-dimensional curved surface in which the shaded portion is a quadrangular pyramid concave in the back direction and the white portion is a quadrangular pyramid convex in the front direction. Each has a zigzag open end. In FIG. 4 (reference example) , the shape of the sipe 4 is a three-dimensional curved surface in which the net portion is a concave curved projection in the back direction and the white portion is a convex curved projection in the front direction. Each has a zigzag open end on the surface and side of the block .
[0012]
The amplitude of the sipe 4 in the thickness direction is set in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm . If the amplitude of the sipe 4 is less than 0.5 mm, the effect of preventing the block from collapsing becomes insufficient. Conversely, if the amplitude exceeds 3 mm, the block is likely to be chipped when the tire is released from the mold. The bending period of the sipe 4 depends on the sipe depth, but is at least one period, preferably 2 to 5 periods. The thickness of the sipe 4 is set in the range of 0.2 to 1 mm .
[0013]
As described above, the shape of the sipe 4 is composed of a three-dimensional curved surface that is zigzag in both the sipe width direction and the sipe depth direction, and the concave portion 5a and the convex portion 5b that mesh with the opposing surfaces of the small blocks 3a and 3a. For example, when the block 3 divided into a plurality of small blocks 3a is to fall down during tire braking or driving, the concave portion 5a and the convex portion 5b are engaged with each other and the block 3 falls down. Can be effectively prevented. That is, the concave portion 5a and the convex portion 5b are engaged with each other to prevent the block 3 from collapsing in the tire circumferential direction and the tire width direction, so that the block 4 has excellent block rigidity while sufficiently securing the edge length of the sipe 4. It becomes possible to maintain.
[0014]
Therefore, even if a rubber composition having a low hardness is used for the tread T in order to improve the performance on ice, it is possible to ensure the block rigidity, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in steering stability on the dry road surface. In the present invention, the rubber composition used for the tread T has a JIS-A hardness in the range of 40 to 60, and by using such a low hardness rubber composition, it is possible to exhibit excellent performance on ice. Become. In addition, the engagement between the concave portion 5a and the convex portion 5b prevents the block 3 from falling more than necessary, and it is possible to secure a sufficient contact area on the ice, so that the friction coefficient μ with respect to the road surface is increased to further improve the performance on ice. Can be improved.
[0015]
Furthermore, the occurrence of uneven wear can be suppressed by suppressing the collapse of the block 3 as described above. Particularly, since the shape of the sipe 4 is composed of a three-dimensional curved surface that is zigzag in both the sipe width direction and the sipe depth direction, the position of the sipe 4 that appears on the tread surface as the wear progresses is predetermined. The deviation is repeated with the amplitude of, and this contributes to suppression of uneven wear in the block 3. Therefore, even if wear progresses, uneven wear hardly accompanies, so that it is possible to suppress a drop in performance on ice and snow.
[0016]
In the present invention, the tread pattern and the block shape are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various forms can be used as necessary.
[0017]
A sipe having a three-dimensional curved surface can be formed by implanting a three-dimensional curved sipe-formed bone on the inner surface of the tire mold. This sipe-formed bone is obtained by pressing a metal flat plate into a three-dimensional curved surface. In this case, a sipe-formed bone having a three-dimensional curved surface can be easily formed by providing a notch or a hole in advance at the top of the concave and convex portions of the sipe-formed bone.
[0018]
【Example】
The tire size and 185 / 65R14 86Q, the tread pattern of FIG. 1, the present invention tire 1 provided with the sipe shape shown in FIG. 3 in the block, the reference tire 1 provided with the sipe shape shown in FIG. 4 in block A conventional tire 1 having a block with a sipe having the shape shown in FIG. 5 and a conventional tire 2 having a block having a sipe having the shape shown in FIG. 6 were produced. In the tire 1 of the present invention, the reference tire 1 and the conventional tires 1 and 2, the sipe thickness is 0.4 mm in common, and the amplitude in the sipe thickness direction is 1.5 mm, 3.0 mm, and 1.5 mm, respectively. 1.5 mm. The cap tread had a JIS-A hardness of 48.
[0019]
Each of these test tires was mounted on a passenger car, the air pressure was 200 kPa, and the performance on ice, traction performance on snow, uneven wear resistance, and steering stability were evaluated by the following test methods, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0020]
On-ice performance:
The braking distance was measured until the vehicle stopped suddenly from the running state at a speed of 40 km / h on the frozen road surface. The evaluation results are shown as an index with the reciprocal of the measured value of the conventional tire 1 as 100. The larger the index value, the better the performance on ice.
[0021]
Towing performance on snow:
The traction force on the snowy road surface was measured. The evaluation results are shown as an index with the conventional tire 1 as 100. The larger the index value, the better the snow traction performance.
[0022]
Uneven wear resistance:
After running on a dry pavement road surface for 10,000 km at an average speed of 40 km / h, the amount of level difference generated on the block due to wear was measured. The evaluation results are shown as an index with the reciprocal of the measured value of the conventional tire 1 as 100. The larger the index value, the better the uneven wear resistance.
[0023]
Steering stability:
A feeling test was conducted by five panelists on the dry pavement surface. The evaluation results are indicated by an index with the conventional tire 1 as 100. The larger the index value, the better the steering stability.
[0024]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004441949
[0025]
As can be seen from Table 1, when the cap tread has the same hardness, the tire 1 of the present invention has a performance on ice and uneven wear resistance as compared with the conventional tire 1 in which the shape of the sipe is zigzag only in the sipe width direction. Both handling stability was excellent. Further, the conventional tire 2 in which the shape of the sipe is zigzag only in the sipe depth direction is inadequate in preventing the block from falling compared to the tire 1 of the present invention, and the edge on the tire surface compared to the conventional tire 1. Due to the decrease in length, the traction performance on the snow was reduced.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of blocks are dividedly formed on the tread, and at least one sipe extending in the tire width direction is provided on the surface of each of the plurality of blocks, and the block is divided into a plurality of small blocks. In divided pneumatic tires,
The shape of the sipe is composed of a three-dimensional curved surface, and the first contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction on the three-dimensional curved surface and a position shifted in the sipe thickness direction from the first contour line The third contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction and the third contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction and the third contour line are alternately arranged in the sipe depth direction. The fourth contour lines extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction at positions shifted from the line in the sipe thickness direction are alternately arranged in the sipe width direction,
On one of the opposing surfaces of the small block, a plurality of recesses forming a quadrangular pyramid with a base point located at the intersection of the first contour line and the fourth contour line are formed, and the second contour line and the third contour line Forming a plurality of convex portions that form a quadrangular pyramid with the apex located at the intersection with each other, and forming the convex portions and the concave portions that mesh with the concave portions and the convex portions on the other of the opposing surfaces of the small block,
The rubber composition used for the tread has a JIS-A hardness of 40 to 60, an amplitude in the thickness direction of the sipe of 0.5 to 3 mm, and a thickness of the sipe of 0.2 to 1 mm. This effectively prevents the block from collapsing due to the engagement between the concave and convex portions, so that the performance on ice can be improved without deteriorating the handling stability on the dry road surface and the occurrence of uneven wear. Can be suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a development view showing an example of a tread pattern of a pneumatic tire to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a block of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the shape of a sipe in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another shape (reference example) of a sipe .
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the shape of a conventional sipe. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another shape of a conventional sipe.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Block 3a Small block 4 Sipe 5a Concave part 5b Convex part T Tread

Claims (1)

トレッドに複数のブロックを分割形成し、これら複数のブロックの表面にそれぞれタイヤ幅方向に延びる少なくとも1本のサイプを設け、該ブロックを複数の小ブロックに区分した空気入りタイヤにおいて、
前記サイプの形状を3次元の曲面から構成し、該3次元の曲面において、サイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第1輪郭線と該第1輪郭線からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ幅方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第2輪郭線とをサイプ深さ方向に交互に配置すると共に、サイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第3輪郭線と該第3輪郭線からサイプ厚さ方向にずれた位置でサイプ深さ方向に向かってジグザグ状に延長する第4輪郭線とをサイプ幅方向に交互に配置し、
前記小ブロックの対向面の一方に、第1輪郭線と第4輪郭線との交点に底点が位置して四角錘をなす複数の凹部を形成すると共に、第2輪郭線と第3輪郭線との交点に頂点が位置して四角錘をなす複数の凸部を形成し、前記小ブロックの対向面の他方に、前記凹部及び前記凸部の各々に噛み合う凸部及び凹部を形成し、
前記トレッドに使用するゴム組成物のJIS−A硬度を40〜60にすると共に、前記サイプの厚さ方向の振幅を0.5〜3mmにし、かつ前記サイプの厚さを0.2〜1mmにした空気入りタイヤ。
In a pneumatic tire in which a plurality of blocks are dividedly formed on the tread, at least one sipe extending in the tire width direction is provided on the surface of each of the plurality of blocks, and the block is divided into a plurality of small blocks.
The shape of the sipe is composed of a three-dimensional curved surface, and the first contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction on the three-dimensional curved surface and a position shifted in the sipe thickness direction from the first contour line The third contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe width direction and the third contour line extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction and the third contour line are alternately arranged in the sipe depth direction. The fourth contour lines extending in a zigzag shape toward the sipe depth direction at positions shifted from the line in the sipe thickness direction are alternately arranged in the sipe width direction,
On one of the opposing surfaces of the small block, a plurality of recesses forming a quadrangular pyramid with a base point located at the intersection of the first contour line and the fourth contour line are formed, and the second contour line and the third contour line Forming a plurality of convex portions that form a quadrangular pyramid with the apex located at the intersection with each other, and forming the convex portions and the concave portions that mesh with the concave portions and the convex portions on the other of the opposing surfaces of the small block,
The rubber composition used for the tread has a JIS-A hardness of 40 to 60, an amplitude in the thickness direction of the sipe of 0.5 to 3 mm, and a thickness of the sipe of 0.2 to 1 mm. Pneumatic tire.
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