JP4439028B2 - Ventilation system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improved technique for a ventilation system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
According to the Building Standards Act, the room is required to ventilate 0.5 times / h (replace the same amount of air as the volume of the room in 2 hours). Generally, the room air is exhausted to the outside with a ventilation fan. The amount of outside air is taken in by that amount.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
This method assumes that the outside air is clean.
However, in recent years, outside air (also referred to as outside air) contains a small amount of harmful chemical substances from car exhaust, factory smoke, and garbage incineration.
[0004]
On the other hand, cases of chemical hypersensitivity are seen in people living in newly built houses, which is a social problem. This chemical hypersensitivity is mainly caused by harmful chemical substances such as formaldehyde generated from new building materials, which adversely affect the human body.
When this chemical sensitivity develops, it will also react to trace amounts of harmful components afterwards.For example, even if you move from the city to the country in search of fresh air, the exhaust gas and garbage of the car burns into smoke. There is also a terrible example of responding and inability to take countermeasures.
[0005]
Thus, it can be said that there is a need to purify the air taken into the room from the outside. However, mechanical purification with a filter or the like can remove dust but cannot remove important chemical substances. In this regard, a method of chemically purifying with chemicals is effective. However, in order to install a chemical purification apparatus in a general home or office, the installation cost of the apparatus is high, and it is necessary to exchange chemicals by a specialist on a regular basis.
Then, the objective of this invention is providing the ventilation system which can purify | clean outside air with a simple apparatus.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, claim 1 fills a hole dug in the ground under the floor with pellet charcoal obtained by granulating and carbonizing wood chips such as powder produced when sawing wood with a saw. A coal storage section, an outside air intake pipe for taking outdoor air into the coal storage section, an outside air introduction pipe for guiding the air in the coal storage section to the living room, and the air in the living room to the outside through the coal storage section It consists of a leading exhaust pipe and a blower interposed in the exhaust pipe, and cleans and cleans the outdoor dirty and cold air with the pellet charcoal, releases it to the room, and cools the warm air in the room with the pellet charcoal Then, in the ventilation system that discharges to the outside ,
An intermediate pipe consisting of a mesh pipe constituted by a mesh of mesh smaller than the pellet charcoal particles or a perforated pipe having many holes smaller than the pellet charcoal particles, the outside air intake pipe and the outside air introduction pipe are connected, and the intermediate pipe In the coal storage section,
The outside air intake pipe includes a horizontal pipe connected to the intermediate pipe and embedded in the ground in parallel with the ground, the outside air introduction pipe is provided vertically on the ground, and the intermediate pipe is provided obliquely on the ground. and said that you are.
[0010]
When passing the outdoors dirty air into pellets charcoal, pellets charcoal exerts an effect of adsorbing the contaminants, especially chemical. As a result, clean air from which chemical substances have been sufficiently removed can be supplied to the living room.
Since pellet charcoal is adopted, the particle size of charcoal can be made uniform and handling becomes easy.
Place the coal storage unit under the floor, and the upper surface of the coal storage portion so as to face the underfloor space, it promotes underfloor dehumidification. This makes it possible to abolish the underfloor vents required by the Building Standards Act.
The pellet charcoal is used as a heat medium, the heat energy of the exhaust is given to the pellet charcoal, and the air taken in from the outside can be warmed by this heat energy.
Further, by connecting the outside air intake pipe and the outside air introduction pipe with an intermediate pipe, the air supply pipe can be made into one pipe. Since it is a single pipe, there is no need to pay special attention to the positioning of the outlet of the outside air intake pipe and the positioning of the inlet of the outside air introducing pipe, and the construction is facilitated.
[0011]
In Claim 2 , the particle size of pellet charcoal is 3 to 10 mm.
The particle size of the pellet charcoal can be freely selected, but is set in the range of 3 to 10 mm for the following reason. If it is less than 3 mm, there are two drawbacks: it tends to become pulverized coal, and the adsorption performance is saturated in a short period because the surface area per volume is too large. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 mm, there is no fear of becoming pulverized coal, but the surface area per volume is too small, and the number of grains decreases, and the gap between grains increases, so the filling rate decreases. Therefore, the particle size of the pellet charcoal is 3 to 10 mm.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a reference diagram of a ventilation system, the ventilation system 10, charcoal grains 11 ... (... indicates a plurality. Hereinafter the same.) Was charged into the hole 13 dug in the ground 12 coal storage Part 15, an outside air intake pipe 16 for taking outdoor air into the coal storage part 15, and an outside air introduction pipe 19 that guides the air that has passed through the coal storage part 15 into the first-floor room 17 and the second-floor room 18. .
[0014]
The house 20 has a base 22 placed on a cloth foundation 21 that does not have an underfloor ventilation port, a pillar 23 is set up on the base 22, an eaves girder 24 is passed over the pillar 23, and a roof 25 is placed on the eaves girder 24. 1st floor 31, 1st floor ceiling 32, 1st floor wall 33, and 1st floor room 17 is configured by inserting ventilation fan 34 into this wall 33. Similarly, 2nd floor 41, 2nd floor ceiling 42, The second-floor room 18 is configured by stretching the second-floor wall 43 and inserting a ventilation fan 44 into the wall 43.
A resin film 46 was laid on the ground 12 below the first floor 31, and a moisture-proof concrete 47 having a thickness of 100 to 150 mm was poured thereon to prevent moisture from rising from the ground 12.
[0015]
The detailed structure of the coal storage unit 15 will be described later.
The outside air intake pipe 16 is constituted by, for example, a resin pipe having a diameter of 150 mm, and as shown in the figure, a 180 ° bend 51 that prevents intrusion of rainwater, and a vertical pipe 52 that has an upper half on the ground and a lower half on the ground. , And a horizontal pipe 53 in which everything is embedded.
In cold regions, the outside temperature is -30 ° C in winter. However, the temperature of the soil in the underground 1.5-2m is 0-10 ° C. Therefore, if the horizontal pipe 53 is made sufficiently long, the air which has been about −25 ° C. at the entrance is warmed to the temperature in the ground and is raised to about 0 ° C. at the exit. In summer, the outside temperature is 30 ° C. However, the temperature of the soil in the underground 1.5-2m is 5-15 ° C. Therefore, if the horizontal pipe 53 is made sufficiently long, the air which has been about 25 ° C. at the entrance is cooled to the temperature in the ground and the temperature is lowered to about 15 ° C.
Therefore, it is beneficial to embed most of the outside air intake pipe 16 in the underground 1.5 to 2 m and to make the horizontal pipe 53 sufficiently long.
[0016]
The outside air introduction pipe 19 is a rising pipe that distributes the air that has passed through the underground coal storage section 15 to the rooms 17 and 18.
In the rising pipe, a draft is generated which is called a draft effect (chimney effect). The draft effect is that warm air moves to the ceiling, cool air moves to the floor, and naturally circulates as a whole. When the pipe is set up, air is discharged from the coal storage unit 15 without power (without using a ventilation fan). It can be moved to the living rooms 17 and 18.
In addition, if the ventilation fans 34 and 44 on each floor are turned to discharge the air in the rooms 17 and 18, the internal pressure of the rooms 17 and 18 becomes negative. This negative pressure can also move air from the coal storage section 15 to the rooms 17 and 18.
[0017]
Figure 2 is a reference diagram savings charcoal portion, coal storage unit 15, frontage pierced 13 deep 1.6~2m the ground 12 at 1 m × 1 m, pellets charcoal 11 as a charcoal particle to the hole 13 It is only filled with ...
This pellet charcoal 11 is made by dumping large sawdust (wood scrap like powder when sawed with a saw) into a dumpling using an appropriate binder, and steaming (dry distillation) the dumpling at a high temperature of 700 ° C. or higher. Charcoal grains having a particle size of 3 to 10 mm. Such pellet charcoal 11... Has the characteristics that the particle size can be made uniform, and the strength is high, so that it is difficult to become powder.
[0018]
Although the particle size of pellet charcoal 11 ... can be selected freely, it is set to a range of 3 to 10 mm for the following reason. If it is less than 3 mm, there are two drawbacks: it tends to become pulverized coal, and the adsorption performance is saturated in a short period because the surface area per volume is too large. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 mm, there is no fear of becoming pulverized coal, but the surface area per volume is too small, and the number of grains decreases, and the gap between grains increases, so the filling rate decreases. Therefore, the particle size of the pellet charcoal 11 is set to 3 to 10 mm.
In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that it can replace with the pellet charcoal 11 ... and the charcoal grain which divided the normal charcoal into the appropriate size can be used.
[0019]
Since this pellet charcoal 11 ... is charcoal itself, it is rich in adsorptivity and hygroscopicity, and since it contains carbon (C) as a main component, it comes into contact with moisture (H ₂ O) in the soil, so that a small amount of hydroxide Ion (OH ⁻ ) is generated.
[0020]
If the outside air taken in as shown by the white arrow (1) contains harmful chemical substances such as dioxin and formaldehyde, the harmful chemical substances can be adsorbed by the pellet charcoal 11. When a large amount of water vapor is contained in the outside air during the rainy season, moisture (H ₂ O) is absorbed by the pellet charcoal 11. This absorbed water also reacts with carbon to generate hydroxide ions (OH ⁻ ).
[0021]
Therefore, the air indicated by the white arrow {circle around (2)} is clean air from which harmful chemical substances can be removed and dried appropriately.
It is desirable that the inlet (lower end) of the air introduction pipe 19 is covered with a net 55 so that the pellet charcoal 11 does not enter.
[0022]
Moreover, the upper surface of the coal storage part 15 is open | released evidently from a figure. Therefore, moisture accumulated in the underfloor space can be absorbed by the pellet charcoal 11... And the underfloor space can be kept dry. This is the reason why the underfloor ventilation opening (opening to the fabric foundation) could be abolished.
The underfloor ventilation port literally communicates the underfloor space with the external space and replaces the air to remove moisture, but on the other hand, in cold regions, cold outside air always cools the underfloor, reducing heating costs. It will be bulky.
In this respect, the present embodiment eliminates the underfloor ventilation port, so there is almost no circulation of outside air, and heating costs can be saved.
[0023]
FIG. 3 is a reference view different from FIG. 2 , in which the side wall of the coal storage unit 15 is configured by a cylinder of the punching metal 57 to prevent the soil from collapsing. Can freely reach the charcoal pellets 11... On the other hand, and can prevent the collapse of the soil, so that damage to the coal storage section 15 can be suppressed. The cylinder may be a square cylinder, a cylinder, or a polygonal cylinder. It is a cylinder and can withstand a large earth pressure even if the plate thickness is thin.
When the punching metal 57 is carbon steel, rust preventive coating is applied to both sides. If painting is troublesome, a stainless steel plate may be adopted.
If the cylinder of the punching metal 57 is employed, the cylinder embedding operation is completed by digging a large hole in the ground 12, dropping the cylinder there, and backfilling the soil around the cylinder. In FIG. 2, the holes 13 must be carefully dug, but in FIG.
Generally, this is not necessary, but the bottom of the tube may be closed with a plate at a location where the groundwater level is high.
[0024]
FIG. 4 is a principle diagram of the ventilation system of the present invention . This ventilation system 10B is a pellet charcoal 11 formed by granulating and carbonizing wood chips such as powder produced when sawing wood with a saw. The coal storage section 15 filled in the hole 13 dug in the ground 12 under the floor, the outside air intake pipe 16 for taking outdoor air into the coal storage section 15, and the air in the coal storage section 15 in the living rooms 17 and 18 The outside air introduction pipe 19 that leads to the outside, the exhaust pipe 60 that guides the air in the living rooms 17 and 18 to the outside through the coal storage section 15, and the blower 59 that is provided in the exhaust pipe 60, are dirty and cold air outdoors. Is purified by pellet charcoal 11 ... and warmed and released to living rooms 17, 18, and the warm air in the rooms 17, 18 is cooled by pellet charcoal 11 ... and then released outdoors. System.
[0025]
The structure of the coal storage unit 15 has already been described with reference to FIGS.
In this example, an outside air intake pipe is formed by an intermediate pipe 70 composed of a mesh pipe constituted by a mesh of mesh smaller than the particles of pellet charcoal 11... Or a perforated pipe having many holes smaller than particles of pellet charcoal 11. 16 and the outside air introduction pipe 19 are connected, and the intermediate pipe 70 is disposed in the coal storage section 15.
In FIG. 2, since the outside air intake pipe 16 and the outside air introduction pipe 19 are not connected, there is a possibility that the insertion depth of the outside air introduction pipe 16 and the outside air introduction pipe 19 with respect to the pellet charcoal 11. . In this regard, if they are connected by the intermediate pipe 70, positional deviation is unlikely to occur and system maintenance is facilitated.
[0026]
The exhaust pipe 60 includes suction pipes 61 and 62 for sucking air from the ceilings 32 and 42 of the living rooms 17 and 18, a long falling pipe 63, a meander pipe 64, a horizontal pipe 65, a vertical pipe 66, and 180 °. Although it is a tube in which the bend 67 is continuous, as described above, air cannot flow downward due to the drafting action. Therefore, it was decided to forcibly create a downward flow with the blower 59 and forcibly exhaust the air in the rooms 17 and 18 to the outside. In a cold region, it is preferable to prevent condensation by winding a heat insulating material around the pipe 66 and the bend 67.
[0027]
Since air is forced to flow by the blower 59, a meandering pipe 64 having a large flow path resistance can be interposed. The meandering pipe 64 is positioned in the coal storage unit 15.
When the air heated in the living rooms 17 and 18 flows through the meandering pipe 64, the retained heat is given to the pellet charcoal 11. Since the pellet charcoal 11 ... gives the heat to the outside air intake pipe 16, the air flowing through the outside air intake pipe 16 is warmed by the geothermal heat and also by the pellet charcoal 11 .... Therefore, the heating cost can be further reduced.
It is possible to replace the meandering pipe 64 with a straight pipe. However, the amount of heat exchange is slightly reduced.
[0028]
Since the house 20 is the same as FIG. 1 except that the underfloor inspection lid 74 is provided on the first floor 31, the reference numerals are used and the description is omitted.
When the pellet charcoal 11 ... adsorbs a certain amount of harmful chemical substances, it is saturated and the adsorption performance is lowered. Therefore, it is recommended to periodically replace the pellet charcoal 11 ... with a new one. At that time, the underfloor inspection lid 74 is used.
[0029]
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a mesh pipe according to the present invention. If the intermediate pipe 70 is constituted by a mesh pipe 71, that is, a mesh-like resin pipe or a net-made pipe, the air passes through the mesh and the pellet charcoal 11 · ..., and the air around the pellet charcoal 11 ... passes through the mesh and enters the pipe. The mesh should just make the particle | grains of pellet charcoal 11 ... finer.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the porous pipe according to the present invention. If the intermediate pipe 70 is constituted by a porous pipe 72, that is, a pipe having fine holes, air passes through the holes and the pellet charcoal 11 ..., and the air around the pellet charcoal 11 ... passes through the hole into the pipe. A hole should just make the particle | grains of pellet charcoal 11 ... smaller.
[0031]
Furthermore, the living room is not limited to a living room, but refers to a room where people come and go, such as kitchens, reception rooms, bedrooms, storage rooms, offices, offices, factories, and sales floors. It can be a concrete building.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following effects by the above configuration.
Claim 1 is a coal storage section in which pellet charcoal obtained by granulating and carbonizing wood chips such as powder produced by drawing wood with a saw as a raw material is filled in a hole dug in the ground below the floor, and this coal storage An outside air intake pipe for taking outdoor air into the section, an outside air introduction pipe for guiding the air in the coal storage section to the living room, an exhaust pipe for guiding the air in the living room to the outside through the coal storage section, and the exhaust It consists of a blower installed in the pipe, cleans and cleans the outdoor dirty and cold air with the pellet charcoal, releases it to the living room, cools the warm air in the room with the pellet charcoal, and then releases it to the outside In the ventilation system,
An intermediate pipe consisting of a mesh pipe constituted by a mesh of mesh smaller than the pellet charcoal particles or a perforated pipe having many holes smaller than the pellet charcoal particles, the outside air intake pipe and the outside air introduction pipe are connected, and the intermediate pipe In the coal storage section,
The outside air intake pipe is connected to the intermediate pipe and includes a horizontal pipe buried in the ground parallel to the ground, the outside air introduction pipe is provided vertically on the ground, and the intermediate pipe is provided obliquely on the ground. and said that you are.
[0035]
When passing the outdoors dirty air into pellets charcoal, pellets charcoal exerts an effect of adsorbing the contaminants, especially chemical. As a result, clean air from which chemical substances have been sufficiently removed can be supplied to the living room.
Since pellet charcoal is adopted, the particle size of charcoal can be made uniform and handling becomes easy.
Place the coal storage unit under the floor, and the upper surface of the coal storage portion so as to face the underfloor space, it promotes underfloor dehumidification. This makes it possible to abolish the underfloor vents required by the Building Standards Act.
The pellet charcoal is used as a heat medium, the heat energy of the exhaust is given to the pellet charcoal, and the air taken in from the outside can be warmed by this heat energy.
Further, by connecting the outside air intake pipe and the outside air introduction pipe with an intermediate pipe, the air supply pipe can be made into one pipe. Since it is a single pipe, there is no need to pay special attention to the positioning of the outlet of the outside air intake pipe and the positioning of the inlet of the outside air introducing pipe, and the construction becomes easy.
In addition, since the horizontal pipe is buried in the ground, the outside air introduced is warmed in the winter and cooled in the summer while passing through the horizontal pipe. Warm air is supplied to the room in the winter, and cooled air is supplied to the room in the summer.
[0036]
In Claim 2 , the particle size of pellet charcoal is 3 to 10 mm.
By limiting the particle size of the pellet charcoal to an appropriate range, the adsorption performance can be maintained over a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[1] conversion of exhaust system reference view [2] reference diagrams savings charcoal portion [3] Another reference diagram and Figure 2 principle diagram of the ventilation system of the present invention; FIG 5 shows the present invention Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a mesh pipe according to the present invention. Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a porous pipe according to the present invention.
1 0B ... ventilation system, 11 ... charcoal grains or pellets charcoal, 12 ... ground, 13 ... hole, 15 ... coal storage unit, 16 ... external air intake pipe, 17 ... room, 19 ... external air introduction pipe, 57 ... punching metal, 59 ... blower, 60 ... exhaust pipe, 64 ... meander pipe, 70 ... intermediate pipe, 71 ... mesh pipe, 72 ... perforated pipe.

Claims (2)

A coal storage unit filled with pellets charcoal made by granulating and carbonizing wood chips such as powder produced when a tree is drawn with a saw as a raw material, and outdoor air in this storage unit An outside air intake pipe for taking in air, an outside air introduction pipe for guiding the air in the coal storage section to the living room, an exhaust pipe for guiding the air in the living room to the outside through the coal storage section, and an exhaust pipe interposed In the ventilation system that consists of a blower, purifies the outdoor dirty and cold air with the pellet charcoal, warms it and releases it to the room, cools the air inside the room with the pellet charcoal, and then releases it to the outside ,
An intermediate pipe consisting of a mesh pipe constituted by a mesh of mesh smaller than the pellet charcoal particles or a perforated pipe having many holes smaller than the pellet charcoal particles, the outside air intake pipe and the outside air introduction pipe are connected, and the intermediate pipe In the coal storage section,
The outside air intake pipe includes a horizontal pipe connected to the intermediate pipe and embedded in the ground in parallel with the ground, the outside air introduction pipe is provided vertically on the ground, and the intermediate pipe is provided obliquely on the ground. ventilation system, characterized in that there. The particle size of the pellets charcoal, ventilation system of claim 1 wherein characterized in that it is a 3 to 10 mm.

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