JP4434731B2 - ポリマーまたはポリマー複合要素の溶接技術 - Google Patents
ポリマーまたはポリマー複合要素の溶接技術 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4434731B2 JP4434731B2 JP2003516786A JP2003516786A JP4434731B2 JP 4434731 B2 JP4434731 B2 JP 4434731B2 JP 2003516786 A JP2003516786 A JP 2003516786A JP 2003516786 A JP2003516786 A JP 2003516786A JP 4434731 B2 JP4434731 B2 JP 4434731B2
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- polymer
- thermoplastic
- thermosetting polymer
- thermosetting
- crystalline
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/002—Joining methods not otherwise provided for
- B29C65/006—Diffusion joining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
- B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
- B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
- B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/341—Measures for intermixing the material of the joint interlayer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
- B29C66/4344—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
- B29C66/43441—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces, H-shaped pieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73115—Melting point
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73117—Tg, i.e. glass transition temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
- B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
- B29C66/73773—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
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- B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/91933—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined higher than said fusion temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
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- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
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- B29C66/91941—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/91945—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined lower than said glass transition temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
- B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
- B29C66/7254—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs honeycomb structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
- B29C66/73771—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being amorphous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7379—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable
- B29C66/73793—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable soluble, e.g. water-soluble
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Description
本発明は、ポリマーまたはポリマー複合要素上に新たな機能的な表面を設けることに関する。本発明は特に、熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合物の表面の変性に関する。また本発明は、変性した機能的な表面を有する熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合要素と第2の要素との間に接合部を形成する方法に関する。
熱可塑性ポリマー(熱可塑性物質)は、ポリマー材料の主分類の一つである。固体の熱可塑性ポリマーは通常、加熱すると軟化し、最終的に融解し、冷却すると固体に戻る。この温度がもたらす変化はほぼ完全に可逆的である。熱可塑性物質は、2つの広範なグループ、「非晶質の熱可塑性物質」と「半結晶性の熱可塑性物質」に分類できる。固体の非晶質の熱可塑性物質では、すべてのポリマー鎖はランダムのまたは不規則な状態に配列されており、結晶構造で配列されているポリマー鎖はない。固体の半結晶性の熱可塑性物質では、構造は混在しており、材料のある部分ではポリマー鎖は整然とした結晶構造で配列され、またある部分では鎖は無定形状態である。「結晶性の熱可塑性物質」はより高比率の結晶度を有するが、非晶質部分を有している。本議論では、結晶性の熱可塑性物質は半結晶性の熱可塑性物質に分類し、「半結晶性の熱可塑性物質」という用語には「結晶性の熱可塑性物質」も含める。さらに本議論では、「非晶質のポリマー」または「非晶質の熱可塑性物質」および「半結晶性のポリマー」または「半結晶性の熱可塑性物質」は、熱可塑性ポリマー材料の任意部分の局部的ミクロ構造ではなく、熱可塑性ポリマー材料の種類を意味する。
熱可塑性表面を有する熱硬化性ポリマー要素は魅力的であり、熱可塑性物質の表面特性を高め、場合によっては同様に表面処理された要素を溶接できるという利点がある。通常、これは、接着処理により行われるであろう。接着処理では、接着剤を要素と接触させ、流動させて、要素をぬらさなければならず、次いでその場で凝固させる。熱硬化性ポリマーと熱可塑性ポリマーを接着剤を用いて接合することは非常に一般的である。最も慣用的な方法では、エポキシ等の未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーを接着剤として用いて、固体の熱可塑性ポリマーと接触させ、次いで硬化させる。これは、熱硬化性複合要素を硬化する方法の一部として行うことができるであろう。あるいは、熱可塑性ポリマーを接着剤として用いて、これを加熱し、融解して、硬化した熱硬化性要素と接触させる。次いで、熱可塑性樹脂を冷却する。
これらいずれの状況においても、熱硬化性ポリマーと熱可塑性ポリマーとの間に強力な接着結合を生じることは困難である。熱可塑性物質を接着剤として使用する場合、接合は、弱い二次的な化学結合に依存し、従ってそれ自体弱い。未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーが接着剤として機能する場合、熱可塑性の表面上には一般に、より強い一次的な化学結合が形成される場所はほとんどない。これらの結合は、化学物質を用いて、またはプラズマ処理といった物理的手段により熱可塑性物質の表面処理を行って高めることができる。これは、時間がかかる上、高価であり、航空機部品の組み立てなどの重要な用途に十分な強度または信頼性を与えることができず、また依然として化学的侵食を受けることがある。
しかしながら、熱硬化性ポリマーと熱可塑性ポリマーとを強く接着させるより良い方法は、半相互貫入高分子網目を形成することにある。これらは、一方のポリマーの鎖を他方のポリマーに貫入させることで、異なるポリマー(本件の場合は熱硬化性ポリマーおよび熱可塑性ポリマー)のポリマー鎖を機械的に連結した状態にする。
第1の態様において、本発明は、半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーを熱硬化性ポリマー要素に接着する方法において、
前記方法は、未硬化の前記熱硬化性ポリマー要素の硬化温度が、前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーの融解温度より高温となる、相溶性を有する半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーと未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー要素を選択し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーを前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー要素に接して配置し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合成分を、前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー要素と前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化前に少なくとも部分的に相互貫入し得る前記熱硬化性ポリマーの前記硬化温度まで加熱し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記硬化された熱硬化性ポリマー要素と極めて強力に接着されるように前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび硬化された熱硬化性ポリマー要素を冷却することを含む方法を提供する。
前記方法は、未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー要素が、前記熱硬化性要素の硬化温度以下で前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーに移動し得る、相溶性を有する前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーと前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー要素を選択し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーを前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー要素に接して配置し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合成分を、前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー要素と前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化前に少なくとも部分的に相互貫入し得る前記熱硬化性ポリマーの前記硬化温度まで加熱し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記硬化された熱硬化性ポリマー要素と極めて強力に接着されるように前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび硬化された熱硬化性ポリマー要素を冷却することを含む方法を提供する。
有利には、前記熱可塑性ポリマーは、熱可塑性ポリマー要素でも、相溶性を有する熱可塑性ポリマーの表面を有する任意の種類の要素であってもよい。
熱硬化性のポリマー要素または熱硬化性のポリマー複合物の前記熱可塑性の表面を、前記第2の要素の前記熱可塑性の表面に密接に接触して配置および保持し、
前記熱可塑性の表面が融解し、隣接する熱可塑性の表面の溶接が行われるような時間、前記各熱可塑性の表面を前記熱可塑性物質の融解温度以上の温度に加熱し、
前記熱硬化性要素または熱硬化性の複合要素と前記第2の要素間に強力な接着を生成するように、前記融解された熱可塑性物質を冷却することを含む方法を提供する。
本発明を、一例として、添付の図面に基づいて説明する。
本発明の第1の実施形態において、図1を参照すると、熱硬化性要素の硬化中に、半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性層10が熱硬化性ポリマー12または熱硬化性複合要素の表面に接着して、半相互貫入高分子網目14が形成される。これは、選択した熱硬化性単量体と相溶性のある半結晶性の熱可塑性物質10を選択することにより達成される。好適な材料の組み合わせは、以下の項で論じる熱力学および融解度の基準を用いて決定することができる。
相溶性を有する材料の選択では、いくつかの溶解度パラメータにほぼ合致していなければならない。相溶性を有する非晶質の熱可塑性物質の原料選択の法則は、ギブスの混合自由エネルギー(ΔGm)に基づく。
上記基準によって選択された半結晶性の熱可塑性物質10は、十分な半相互貫入高分子網目(SIPN)14を形成することにより、熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性複合物12の表面に、首尾よく結合することができる。その方法の特徴は、ハンセンパラメータを用いることにより決定される溶解度を有する、熱硬化性ポリマーおよび熱可塑性物質を選択すること、および結晶性要素の融解熱に打ち勝つことにより、熱硬化性単量体および硬化剤が、融解した半結晶性ポリマーまたは熱可塑性ポリマーの結晶性要素内で、十分に移動することができるような硬化温度/時間サイクルを選択することである。
上記熱力学の議論は、熱可塑性材料を熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合物の表面で一体化するための半結晶性熱可塑性材料の選択に関する。硬化した熱硬化性ポリマーまたはポリマー複合要素のTgより低い融解温度を有する半結晶性の熱可塑性材料の選択は、本発明の第1の態様と同様に、二つの大部分が熱硬化性の複合要素の溶接において明確な利点をもたらす。
サーフェシング
半結晶性のポリマー表面を有する2つの別個の複合パネルを製造した。最初に、約170℃の融解点を有する単層PVDF半結晶性熱可塑性膜(厚さ127μm)を、T300炭素繊維とヘクセル(Hexel(登録商標))F593エポキシ樹脂からなる、予備含浸された無地織物を束ねた上に置いた。この束の上に置く前に、膜をイソプロピルアルコールで洗浄した。束を平らな工具の上に置き、真空バックの中に封入した。真空バック内から排気し、次に束を120分間177℃、0.63MPaの外圧で硬化した。硬化後、熱可塑性層を複合基体に完全に結合した。厚さ127μmの単層PVDF半結晶性熱可塑性膜がガラス繊維とヘクセルF155で構成される予備含浸させた朱子織物の束の上に置かれた。この束の上に置く前に、膜をイソプロピルアルコールで洗浄した。束を平らな工具の上に置き、真空バックに封入した。真空バック内から排気し、次に束を120分間127℃、0.32MPaの外圧で硬化した。硬化後、熱可塑性表面層は複合基体に完全に結合した。
同一の熱硬化性複合基体と熱可塑性表面を備えた2つの複合要素を、イソプロピルアルコールで洗浄し、熱可塑性表面同士を接触させた。T300/F593とGF/F155エポキシ複合物のボンド部を、20分間185℃に加熱し、0.1Mpaで加圧した。必要とされる温度と圧力で要素を維持した後、完全な修復が生じ、圧力を維持しながら要素を冷却した。室温まで冷却した後、要素は溶着した。
幅25mm、接合部長さ12.5mmのシングルラップシェアー(Single−lap−shear)接着試験片を用いて接着強さを調べた。周囲条件下、1.25mm/分の速度で試験片をテストした。T300/F593エポキシ複合物で、平均接着強さは29.1MPaが観察された。これを、エポキシ接着フィルムを用いて接合した以外は同様の試験片で観察された24.4MPaの平均接着強さと比較する。さらに、ガラス繊維/F155エポキシ複合物では27.6MPaの平均接着強さが観察された。
多様な溶接圧力を用いた試みは、高品質の溶接が、50kPa〜1MPaの圧力を用いることにより行われるということを示している。好ましい圧力は100kPa〜350kPaの間である。しかしながら、加圧は溶接を確保するために必須なのではなくむしろ、隣接する熱可塑性ポリマー表面を十分に密着させ、かつポリマーの流動性を確保するために用いられる。製造作業において、圧力を用いることにより寸法公差内の微細なばらつきは克服される。この熱可塑性物質の接合の場合、表面同士を接触させる以外に付加的な圧力は必要なく、ポリマー鎖は元の表面を超えて移動して、接合部を修復することができる。接合部から閉じこめられた空気を押し出すためにより高い圧力(1MPa以上)を用いても良い。溶接圧力は、接合領域自体から熱可塑性物質の一部を押し出すことがあることに留意されたい。
分子鎖が元の接合線に交差し、隣接面からのポリマー鎖とからみ合う、ポリマーの修復能力自体およびそれに要する時間は、熱可塑性表面の温度、すなわちポリマー鎖の活動レベルによって決まる。
Claims (13)
- 半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーと熱硬化性ポリマーとの間に半相互貫入高分子網目接合を形成する方法において、
前記方法は、前記熱可塑性ポリマーと前記熱硬化性ポリマーとが相互貫入し得ることを示すハンセン溶解度パラメータを有し、未硬化の前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化温度が、前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーの融解温度より高温となる、半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーと未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーを選択し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーを前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーに接して配置し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合成分を、前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーと前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化前に少なくとも部分的に相互貫入し得る前記熱硬化性ポリマーの前記硬化温度まで加熱し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記硬化された熱硬化性ポリマーと接合されるように前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび硬化された熱硬化性ポリマーを冷却することを含む方法。 - 半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーと熱硬化性ポリマーとの間に半相互貫入高分子網目接合を形成する方法において、
前記方法は、前記熱可塑性ポリマーと前記熱硬化性ポリマーとが相互貫入し得ることを示すハンセン溶解度パラメータを有し、未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーが、前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化温度以下で前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーに移動し得る、前記半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーと前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーを選択し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーを前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーに接して配置し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合成分を、前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーと前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化前に少なくとも部分的に相互貫入し得る前記熱硬化性ポリマーの前記硬化温度まで加熱し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記硬化された熱硬化性ポリマーと接合されるように前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび硬化された熱硬化性ポリマーを冷却することを含む方法。 - 前記熱硬化性ポリマーの前記硬化温度が前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーの融解温度よりも低い、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーを熱硬化性ポリマーに接着する方法において、
前記方法は、未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーが、前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化温度以下で前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーに移動し得る、相溶性を有する前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーと前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーを選択し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーを前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーに接して配置し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合成分を、前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーと前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記熱硬化性ポリマーの硬化前に少なくとも部分的に相互貫入し得る前記熱硬化性ポリマーの前記硬化温度まで加熱し、
前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記硬化された熱硬化性ポリマーと接着されるように前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび硬化された熱硬化性ポリマーを冷却することを含み、
前記熱硬化性ポリマーの前記硬化温度が前記半結晶性の熱可塑性ポリマーの融解温度よりも低い、方法。 - 前記熱硬化性ポリマーが、最初は硬化しておらず、熱硬化性ポリマー複合物の一部を形成する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーおよび前記熱硬化性ポリマー複合物の前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマー部分は、加熱されると、前記熱硬化性ポリマーが硬化する前に少なくとも一部が相互貫入し、その結果前記熱可塑性ポリマーが前記熱硬化性ポリマー複合物に接合する、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、純粋のポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)、またはPVDFを含む熱可塑性ポリマーのいずれかである、請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、織物(fabric scrim)を小量含む、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、強磁性の粒子または電気伝導性材料を含有している、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、膜若しくは粉末状であるか、または金型若しくは工具の表面に直接被覆されている、請求項1ないし9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記未硬化の熱硬化性ポリマーが、樹脂/硬化剤の混合物である、請求項1ないし10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱硬化性ポリマーが、エポキシまたはビスマレイミドである、請求項1ないし11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1ないし12のいずれかの方法により作られた、半結晶性または結晶性の熱可塑性の表面を有する熱硬化性ポリマーまたは熱硬化性ポリマー複合成分の硬化物。
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2001
- 2001-07-31 AU AUPR6731A patent/AUPR673101A0/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2002-07-31 KR KR1020047001306A patent/KR100917851B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-31 TW TW91117226A patent/TWI269702B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-31 US US10/485,449 patent/US20040231790A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-31 DE DE2002622566 patent/DE60222566T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-31 CN CNB028150732A patent/CN1309549C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-31 AT AT02750654T patent/ATE373688T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-31 JP JP2003516786A patent/JP4434731B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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KR20040047782A (ko) | 2004-06-05 |
US20090246548A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
MY132616A (en) | 2007-10-31 |
ES2294149T3 (es) | 2008-04-01 |
JP2004535960A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
CN1537047A (zh) | 2004-10-13 |
TWI269702B (en) | 2007-01-01 |
AUPR673101A0 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
WO2003011573A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
US20040231790A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
CN1309549C (zh) | 2007-04-11 |
EP1423256A1 (en) | 2004-06-02 |
EP1423256B1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
KR100917851B1 (ko) | 2009-09-18 |
EP1423256A4 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
ATE373688T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
US8790486B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 |
DE60222566T2 (de) | 2008-06-12 |
DE60222566D1 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
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