TWI269702B - Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components - Google Patents
Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI269702B TWI269702B TW91117226A TW91117226A TWI269702B TW I269702 B TWI269702 B TW I269702B TW 91117226 A TW91117226 A TW 91117226A TW 91117226 A TW91117226 A TW 91117226A TW I269702 B TWI269702 B TW I269702B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- thermoplastic
- component
- thermosetting
- thermoset
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/002—Joining methods not otherwise provided for
- B29C65/006—Diffusion joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
- B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
- B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
- B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/341—Measures for intermixing the material of the joint interlayer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
- B29C66/4344—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
- B29C66/43441—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces, H-shaped pieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
- B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73115—Melting point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73117—Tg, i.e. glass transition temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
- B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
- B29C66/73773—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
- B29C66/73775—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
- B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
- B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
- B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/91933—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined higher than said fusion temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
- B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
- B29C66/91941—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/91945—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined lower than said glass transition temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
- B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
- B29C66/7254—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs honeycomb structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
- B29C66/73771—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being amorphous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7379—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable
- B29C66/73793—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable soluble, e.g. water-soluble
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明領域 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係有關於聚合物或聚合物複材組成分上形成 新功能表面。特別本發明係有關變更熱塑性聚合物或熱固 性聚合物複材表面。本發明亦係關於一種於具有經改性之 功能表面之熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材組成分於第 二組成分間形成一接合之方法。 發明背景 .、可| 熱塑性1合物(熱塑材)屬於主要聚合物材料類別之 一。固體熱塑性聚合物典型被加熱而軟化,以及最終熔化, 然後冷卻而返回固態。此等溫度誘生之變化大部分完全可 逆。熱塑材被分成兩大組別:「非晶形熱塑材」以及「半晶 形熱塑材」。固體非晶形熱塑材中,全部聚合物鏈係依隨機 或脫序狀態排列:並無任何聚合物鏈係排列成結晶結構。 固體半晶形熱塑材中,結構為混合式:材料之某些部分的 聚合物鏈係以有序結晶結構排列,而某些部分之聚合物鏈 係以非晶狀態排列。「結晶形熱塑材」有較高比例的結晶 度,但仍然有某些非晶部分。用於此處討論目的,結晶形 熱塑材須與半晶形熱塑材同組,而「半晶形熱塑材」一詞 將也包括「結晶形熱塑材」。此外,用於此處討論目的,「非 曰曰形聚合物」或「非晶形熱塑材」以及「半晶形聚合物」 或「半晶形熱塑材」表示熱塑性聚合物材料類別,而非只 熱塑性聚合物材料任何部分的局部顯微結構。 非晶形熱塑材以玻璃轉化溫度(Tg)為其特徵,高於Tg 進步加熱枯,逐漸出現轉化。於實質上高於玻璃轉化溫
1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 度之溫度,非晶形熱塑材之表現彷彿高黏度液體。非晶形 熱塑材之工作溫度係低於其玻璃轉化溫度。也可作為一類 概略對化學攻擊以及流體吸收敏感的類別。 半晶形熱塑材有獨特熔點(Tm),高於Tm之材料熔化, 表現類似液體。進一步提升溫度,黏度快速降低。半晶形 熱塑材也有特徵玻璃轉化溫度,由於其非晶部分,故玻璃 轉化温度經常遠低於熔點。半晶形熱塑材係高於或低於玻 璃轉化溫度也影響熱塑材之某些性質。但因半晶形熱塑材 之結晶部分極為剛硬,故半晶形熱塑材常用於遠高於其玻 璃轉化溫度之工作溫度。典型地半晶形熱塑材吸收流體量 比非晶形熱塑材少。 於非晶形熱塑材及半晶形熱塑材二者,除非超過分解 溫度,典型分解溫度係遠高於玻璃轉化溫度或熔點,經由 加熱或冷卻誘生的變化通常全然可逆。 熱固性聚合物為第二類聚合物,其包括環氧化物(俗稱 環氧樹脂)、貳順丁烯二醯亞胺及乙烯酯聚合物。硬化前之 加成聚合熱固性聚合物係由(最少)樹脂(單體)以及硬化劑 組成,樹脂與硬化劑共同反應而製造交聯聚合物。硬化前, 單體與硬化劑通常係呈液體形式,但其黏度可能極高。硬 化可設計成發生於室溫或較高溫,典型對環氧樹脂高達18 0 °C。單體與硬化劑硬化反應期間,混合物黏度升高至變成 交聯固體聚合物。此項變化並非可逆。硬化後,熱固性聚 合物也具有特徵性玻璃轉化溫度(典型略高於環氧樹脂之 推薦硬化溫度),高於該特徵性玻璃轉化溫度,熱固性聚合 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公爱) l2697〇2 A7 —_____B7___ 五、發明説明(3 ^ -- 物顯著軟化,熱固性聚合物之表現類似橡膠。(進一步加熱 無法熔化聚合物,反而典型地聚合物開始於較高溫度分解。) 此點對於隨後之處理例如高溫接合含熱固性聚合物之組成 分(例如碳纖/環氧樹脂複材)具有關鍵重要性,原因在於當 熱固性聚合物之玻璃轉化溫度被趨近或超過時,可能發生 各組成分之維度扭變。 複合材料屬於一類由至少兩種組成材料緊密接合在 一起組成的材料,組成材料共同表現類似一種材料,但具 有與任一種組成材料不同性質且通常是更優異性質。聚合 物複材係由熱固性或熱塑性聚合物藉纖維或顆粒加強物加 強所組成。眾所周知之聚合物複材包括玻璃纖維加強之聚 酯樹脂,以及碳纖加強之環氧樹脂。二者皆使用熱固性聚 合物作為基體,因而俗稱熱固性複材。 熱塑材與熱固性聚合物之一大差異為,熱塑材可藉升 降溫度而熔化以及再度固化,而熱固性聚合物則否。此種 特徵利用來熔接熱塑材以及熱塑性複材,但熱固性聚合物 或熱固性複材則無法單純以此種方式接合。 先前非晶形熱塑材於熱固性複材硬化期間接合至熱 固性聚合物,其接合方式係經由利用非晶形熱塑材之耐溶 劑性低,於熱固性聚合物硬化前,驅使熱固性聚合物之液 悲未經硬化組成分(單體及硬化劑)遷移至非晶形熱塑材内 部。此種遷移入非晶形熱塑材,通常係發生於低於熱塑材 之玻璃轉化溫度,於該條件下材料為固體。如此讓硬化後 之熱固性複材具有熱塑性表面,可於升高溫度以及略微接 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公爱) -6 -
-訂— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 合壓力下接合至具有類似表面之材料。 前述方法以及該方法需要之非晶形熱塑材有若干缺 點。首先,此種方法使用之非晶形熱塑材需要低耐溶劑性, 表示形成的接合必然可能容易受溶劑攻擊。其次,使用此 種方法試圖選擇材料時將有困難,選擇之材料係為了容易 且有效進行表面處理以及熔接處理,以及隨後之熔接點提 供高工作溫度。為了接合兩種帶有非晶形熱塑性表面之組 成分,須實質上超過熱塑材之玻璃轉化溫度,可能至少超 過50°C俾於合理時間獲得高品質接合。結果典型地超過下 方熱固性聚合物之玻璃轉化溫度,結果導致熱固性聚合物 組成分之挺度減低以及維度不穩定。除非使用適當工具於 接合溫度時支持該組成分,否則可能出現組成分之維度變 化,特別為了獲得一致的高品質接合需要施加高壓至接 合,俾獲得良好接觸以及有效流動,更可能出現維度變化。 若接合過程需要夠高溫,則也可能發生熱固性聚合物或熱 固性複材的分解。若選用高溫非晶形熱塑材作為形成表面/ 熔接材料,俾提升熔接處工作溫度,表面化處理以及熔接 處理通常須於較高溫度進行,結果有熱固性複材維度變化 或分解風險。若選用較低溫度非晶形熱塑材方便形成表面 及熔接,則工作溫度可能過低而無法接受。最後,接合至 高溫非晶形熱塑材經常需要特別長及/或複雜的硬化週 期,例如硬化週期包括留駐於低於正常硬化溫度之時間, 俾便讓熱固性單體及硬化劑穿透至足夠獲得黏合強度之深 度。如此可能造成一種組成分之製造時間增加許多小時, 7 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 ____ B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 結果導致製造成本提高。 美國專利5,643,390說明一種連結熱塑性層至熱固性 複材之方法。所述方法涉及「選擇熱塑性材料以及熱固性 單體,其中該熱固性單體具有與熱塑性材料類似之溶解度 參數」。「類似之溶解度參數」係以海德布藍(midebrand) 溶解度理論定義,該溶解度理論不適合用於說明具有實質 極性及/或氫鍵結力之聚合物。 本美國專利案係針對非晶形熱塑材之使用。該專利申 請案建議穿透進於半晶形聚合物之活動性極小,如此妨礙 形成父互穿透網路來提供黏合強度。也未曾討論半晶形熱 塑性聚合物之相容性問題。 相反地,本發明為一種利用半晶形聚合物之方法,有 利地允許更容易表面化以及隨後熔接,且不會有損隨後熔 接接點之耐溶劑性。 美國專利5,667,881說明一種製造熱固性/熱塑性複材 整合接合之方法。所述方法要求熱塑性與熱固性樹脂必須 至少可部分交互溶混,或可交互溶混1〇%至6〇%。該專利 案也陳述硬化溫度不會顯著超過熱塑性樹脂之玻璃轉化溫 度。於此種溫度,熱塑性聚合物為固體且有極高黏度,未 經硬化之熱固性聚合物遷移入非晶形熱塑性聚合物,半互 牙、、、罔路之形成相當慢。可由該專利案所述硬化週期長獲得 證實。 此外,US 5,667,881所述發明係有關形成與預製熱塑 性物品之整合接合,比較形成功能熱塑性表面,如此對於 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、?1丨 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 使用此項技術可附著的物品類型有限制。 本發明可有利地解決至少部分前述方法之缺點,提供 於熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材形成熱塑性表面之改 良方法。 本發明之另一優點為一種接合具有熱塑性表面之熱 固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材組成分至帶有適當熱塑性 表面之第二組成分之改良方法。 發明概述 於第一方面,本發明提供一種連結一種半晶形或結晶 形熱塑性聚合物至一種熱固性聚合物組成分之方法,該方 法包含: 選擇相容之半晶形熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱固 性聚合物組成分,其中該未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成分之 硬化溫度係高於該半晶形熱塑性聚合物之熔點, 放置熱塑性聚合物接觸未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成 分; 加熱熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱固性聚合物或熱 固性聚合物複材組成分至熱固性聚合物之硬化溫度,此處 未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成分與熱塑性聚合物可於熱固性 聚合物硬化前至少部分互穿;以及 冷卻該熱塑性聚合物以及硬化後之熱固性聚合物組 成分,讓熱塑性聚合物極為強力連結至硬化後之熱固性聚 合物組成分。 於第二方面,本發明提供一種連結一種半晶形或結晶 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 9 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -ilk—
•訂I
1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 形熱塑性聚合物至一種熱固性聚合物組成分之方法,該方 法包含: 選擇相容之半晶形熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱固 性聚合物組成分,其中該未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成分可 於或低於熱固性聚合物組成分之硬化溫度遷移入半晶形熱 塑性聚合物内部; 放置熱塑性聚合物接觸未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成 分; 加熱熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱固性聚合物或熱 固性聚合物複材組成分至熱固性聚合物之硬化溫度,此處 未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成分與熱塑性聚合物可於熱固性 聚合物硬化前至少部分互穿;以及 冷卻該熱塑性聚合物以及硬化後之熱固性聚合物組 成分,讓熱塑性聚合物極為強力連結至硬化後之熱固性聚 合物組成分。 本發明之第二方面,熱固性組成分之硬化溫度可低於 半晶形熱塑性聚合物熔點。 於前述發明之任一具體實施例,熱固性聚合物組成分 可為熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材。當熱固性聚合物 組成分為複材時,熱塑性聚合物及熱固性聚合物複材之未 硬化熱固性聚合物部分,當加熱時而於熱固性聚合物硬化 前至少可部分互穿,藉此連結熱塑性聚合物至熱固性聚合 物複材。 較佳熱塑性聚合物可為熱塑性聚合物組成分或任一 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) _ 1〇 _ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
五、發明説明(8 ) 種帶有相容的熱塑性聚合物表面之組成分。 須了解熱塑性樹脂與熱固性樹脂間的交互穿透,熱塑 性聚合物表面極為強力連結至熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合 物複材。如此確保熱塑性表面不易由熱固性聚合物或熱固 性聚合物複材去除。 須了解根據本發明之第一或第二方面之帶有熱塑性 表面之硬化後之熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材可經由 根據本發明之第一或第二方面進行第二次硬化處理而連結 至熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材之另一區段。 較仏熱塑性聚合物為聚偏氟乙稀(PVDJ?),可為純質 PVDF或含PVDF組合其它聚合物及/或習知添加物。 此外,熱塑性聚合物可含有小量其它物質例如輕質織 物稀鬆布。3夕卜熱塑性聚合物可含有小量允許導電性局部 加熱之材料,例如鐵磁粒子或其它導電材料。 熱塑性聚合物可呈薄膜或粉末形式,或直接塗覆於模 具或工具表面。另一種未黏著至熱塑材之材料可於製造期 間放置毗鄰熱塑性薄膜,俾改進製造後之表面品質。 熱塑材厚度於組成分表面上可有變化。 熱固性聚合物較佳為於適當升高溫度硬化之樹脂纊 化劑混合物。以熱固性聚合物複材為例,複合材料為以一 或多種其它材料加強之適當熱固性聚合物。更佳熱固性聚 合物為環氧樹脂或貳順丁烯二醯亞胺。 本發明之第二方面利用本發明之第一或第二方面提 供-種具有半晶形或結晶形熱塑性表面之硬化後之熱固性 1269702 A7 __B7_ 五、發明説明(9 ) 聚合物或硬化後之熱固性聚合物複材。 如此本發明之第三方面提供一種接合一種帶有一熱 塑性表面之熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材至一種帶有 熱塑性表面之第二組成分之方法,該方法包含: 設置以及夾持該熱固性聚合物組成分或熱固性聚合 物複材之熱塑性表面緊密接觸該第二組成分之熱塑性表 面; 加熱個別熱塑性表面至高於熱塑材熔點之溫度,經歷 一段時間讓熱塑性表面變成熔化以及出現毗鄰二熱塑性表 面的熔接;以及 冷卻熔化後之熱塑材俾於熱固性或熱固性複材組成 分與第二組成分間產生強力連結。 較佳熱固性聚合物複材組成分之熱塑性表面係根據 本發明之第一或第二方面製成。 熱固性聚合物組成分可為熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚 合物複材。 第二組成分較佳為具有熱塑性表面之熱固性聚合物 或熱固性聚合物複材組成分,讓本發明之第三方面之方法 可用於帶有熱塑性表面之兩種熱固性聚合物或熱固性複材 組成分間形成接合。 另外,第二組成分可為熱塑性聚合物或熱塑性聚合物 複材,或任何其它有熱塑性表面之組成分。 ㈣熱塑性表面當於緊密接觸時可提供高熱塑性聚 合物流,因而填補相對兩面的任何起伏不平之處。聚合物 12 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公楚) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明() 流可藉由加熱期間提高溫度及/或施加較大壓力之兩種組 成分或容許較長的處理時間提升流量。 該處理可進一步包括視需要之額外半晶形或結晶形 熱塑性材料層與熱塑性表面間,俾填補間隙或提供高熱塑 性聚合物流。若使用其它熱塑性材料,則加熱步驟也包括 加熱其它熱塑性材料至高於熱塑材熔點之溫度經歷一段時 間,讓熱塑性層變熔化且融合在一起。 再度加熱已經熔接之熱塑性層,允許各組成分視需要 被拆卸以及重新組裝。然後可以前述相同方式再度熔接, 若於分開組成分間保有的熱塑性材料不足,則可添加額外 熱塑性材料至修改後之熱塑性表面間。 再度加熱已經熔接之熱塑性層也允許各組成分再度 通過熔接處理、或再度熔接,俾改進選定區域的熔接情況。 較佳溶接係於低於硬化後之熱固性聚合物或聚合物 複材組成分之玻璃轉化溫度之溫度進行。另外熔接可於未 顯著過熱熱固性聚合物之溫度進行。 熱固性複材組成分包括插入件、發泡體或蜂巢狀核 心,其它熱塑性次組成分或薄膜或任何其它材料也可摻混 作為大半為熱固性複材組成分之整合一體部分。 本發明也延伸至根據本發明之第一或第二方面製造 之具有熱塑性表面之熱固性組成分。較佳本發明之第一及 第二方面方法之較佳特色視情況而定也適用於由該方法製 成的組成分。 本發明進一步延伸至根據本發明之第三方法製造之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 13 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(11 ) 製品。較佳本發明之第三方面方法之較佳特色視需要地也 適用於由該方法製成的製品。 圖式之簡要說明 現在將參照附圖舉例說明本發明,附圖中: 第1圖顯示經加強之熱固性聚合物、熱塑性層以及形 成於其間之半互穿網路(SIPN)之關係; 第2圖為示意圖顯示根據本發明之一具體實施例之兩 種熱固性聚合物組成分之接合; 第3圖為示意圖顯示根據本發明之一具體實施例之兩 種熱固性聚合物組成分之接合; 第4圖顯示聚合物之漢森(Hansen)溶解度圖,該漢森溶 解度圖可用於決定一種溶劑是否適合用於特定聚合物。 較佳具體實施例之說明 於本發明之第一具體實施例中,且參照第1圖,半晶 形或結晶形熱塑性層10於熱固性組成分硬化過程連結至熱 固性聚合物12或熱固性複材組成分表面,而形成半互穿聚 合物網路14。此項目的可經由選擇一種與選用之熱固性單 體相容之半晶形熱塑材10達成。適當材料組合可使用熱力 學及溶解度標準決定,討論如下節。 聚合物熱力學及溶解度標準 相容性材料之選擇要求若干溶解度參數的密切匹 配。相容性非晶形熱塑材之材料選擇原理係基於吉伯氏 (Gibb’s)混合自由能(AGnO表示為 AGm-AHm-TASm<0 (1) 14 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(U ) 此處AHm為混合焓,T為溫度以及為混合熵。然後 可使用海德布藍-史凱契(Hildebrand_scatchard)方程式來 決定混合焓為 (2) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ^Hm== VOa〇b(5a-5b)^ 此處83及為考慮之兩種類例如非晶形聚合物及單體 或硬化劑之溶解度參數(也稱做海德布藍參數)。 但使用海德布藍方程式(如上方程式(2))不適合用於高 效能半晶形熱塑材類別,高效能半晶形熱塑材類別最有利 於接合用途,原因在於分子間力例如極性力大為影響此等 聚合物之溶解度表現。使用漢森參數,漢森參數考慮分散、 極性及氫鍵力,被推薦為此等聚合物之最適當辦法(參考 AFM Barton 「溶解度參數及其它内聚參數之crc手冊」, CRC出版社,波卡雷頓,1983年)。此等參數之應用提供聚 合物-溶劑相容之合理指南。聚合物b之相容半徑係以半徑 bR定義,如第4圖溶解度圖顯示。任一種溶劑a之分散(§d)、 極性(δρ)以及氫鍵力(5h)等漢森溶解度參數可經測定並作 圖。溶解度圖位於溶劑a之三種漢森參數(aSd、及a5d)之 點係位於bR界限之球體範圍内,聚合物可溶於溶劑,換言 之, [4(W+db3p)2+(Hh)2]1/2<bR (3) 此處溶劑為單體或硬化劑以及呔係由標準實驗使用其 它漢森參數之常用溶劑決定。 本發明之第一及第二方面之有利特色為半晶形熱塑 材10之「有效溶解度參數」變更。此項目的係經由將熱塑 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(13 ) 材10及單體/硬化劑12調整至夠高溫度達成。概略言之,由 於自由能不足以克服聚合物結晶部分之溶合熱,故溶劑無 法有效遷移通過聚合物之固體結晶部分。經由提升系統溫 度,克服融合熱。此等情況下,單體及硬化劑可遷移通過 聚合物,而先前該聚合物為不可溶。如此聚合物之「有效 溶解參數」藉加熱變更。 因此一種提供快速形成半互穿聚合物網路14之方式 係經由於高於半晶形熱塑材10熔點之溫度硬化熱固性聚合 物12,變更半晶形熱塑材10之「有效溶解度參數」。但如本 發明之第二方面所述,也存在有第二種可能。經由小心匹 配單體硬化劑12以及熱塑性溶解度性質,於適當溫度熱固 性單體(作為溶劑)的存在可克服結晶形聚合物之融合熱, 如此降低「熔體」溫度至「有效熔點」,有效熔點係依據相 關單體/硬化劑決定。此種情況下,單體及硬化劑可於低於 正常熔點之溫度下遷移通過聚合物。於本文件之實驗討論 獲得驗證。 須注意此處所述熔點或較低「有效熔點」為最低處理 溫度,熱固性聚合物之標準硬化條件可產生較高處理溫度。 材料選擇與表面整合 根據前述標準選擇之半晶形熱塑性材料1 〇可經由形 成實質上半互穿聚合物網路(SIPN)14至熱固性聚合物或熱 固性聚合物複材12表面而成功地整合。該方法之一方面係 選擇帶有溶解度由漢森參數決定之熱固性聚合物及熱塑 材,以及選擇硬化溫度/時間週期,讓熱固性單體及硬化劑 16 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(14 ) 可充分遷移入融合半晶形聚合物,或經由克服結晶形組成 分之融合熱而遷移入熱塑性聚合物之結晶形組成分内部。 處理期間,熱塑性聚合物之接觸單體及硬化劑之結晶 部分「嫁化」,允許未經硬化熱固性樹脂及熱塑性樹脂之快 速個別混合。該組成分硬化後,熱塑性薄膜10於原先表面 區經由分子鏈的糾結而緊密連結至組成分12,藉此形成熱 固性樹脂與熱塑性樹脂間之半互穿聚合物網路14。 較佳當滿足前述熱力學及溶解度相容性標準時,連結 處理典型地可未變更製造商對熱固性聚合物之推薦硬化週 期進行。 進一步應用選擇標準俾有利於隨後熱固性聚合物或 熱固性聚合物複材16、18之熔接處理,因此半晶形熱塑性 聚合物(Tm)20熔點係低於固化後熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚 合物複材16、18之玻璃轉化溫度(Tg)。後文討論係針對此 種情況,但須了解本發明非僅囿限於選擇此種材料,反而 可經由適當選擇獲得額外優勢。 熔接技術 前述熱力學討論係有關半晶形熱塑材之選擇,用以整 合熱塑性材料至熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材表面。 如本發明之第一方面,帶有熔點低於硬化後熱固性聚合物 或聚合物複材組成分之Tg的半晶形熱塑性材料之選擇,允 許熔接兩大熱固性複材組成分時有獨特優異之處。 根據本發明之第三具體實施例,帶有半晶形熱塑性表 面20之熱固性聚合物或熱固性複材組成分16可於外部加熱 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 17 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
1269702 五、發明說明(is ) 及加麼(加熱平台24)下接合至有適當熱塑性表面22之第二 二成:18’如第2圖所示。另外如第3圖示意顯示之加敎元 m許熱量μ妓接狀材射詩接 組成分16、18。 第二組成分也可為帶有半晶形熱塑性表面之熱固性 聚合物或熱固性複材組成分,後文討論係針對此種情況, 但須了解本發明之第二具體實施例非僅固限於此,反而可 廣義延伸至形成帶有半晶形熱塑性表面之熱固性聚合物或 熱固性複材組成分與任何其它帶有適當熱塑性表面之组成 分間之接合。 熱固性聚合物或熱固性複材組成分涵括熱塑性聚合 物表面可使兩種組成分接合,該兩種組成分大半係由不二 熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材或其它材料製成,但具 有類似的表面材料。 熱塑性層之溶接過程係於施熱以及於大部分情況下 於施壓下進行。熱塑性層被加熱至高於熱塑材熔點但低於 熱固性聚合物或熱固性複材組成分之玻璃轉化溫度之溫 度。當熱塑材之熔點係低於欲接合之各種熱固性組成分之 玻璃轉化溫度時,各組成分於適當情況下可無需使用支持 工具直接接合,而接合期間各組成分不會發生永久性扭變。 此外因熔接處理係於高於半晶形或結晶形熱塑材之 熔點進行,故於熔接期間即使於極低溶接壓力下,熱塑材 顯著流動。此種高於熔點之流動程度為半晶形熱塑性聚合 物於本案之特有優點。此種流動允許熱塑材填補組成分表 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(16 ) 面或組成分間之小間隙因正常製造公差產生的微小上下起 伏,此種流動對實際熔接過程極為重要。如此減低此種操 作之工具成本,減少大半為熱固性複材組成分於處理過程 扭變的機率。 須了解當熔接過程發生於低於硬化後熱固性複材組 成分之玻璃轉化温度之溫度時,無論該接合為局部加熱或 整體總成皆被加熱,皆可達成熔接處理,而無需將各組成 分之任何部分顯著加熱至高於硬化後熱固性複材之玻璃轉 化溫度即可進行熔接。如此減少或消除將加熱至聚焦於接 合部之昂貴或複雜的加熱系統的需求。 本發明也可簡單地解除任何熔接組成分的溶劑且分 離組成分。各組成分或其熔接區可被加熱至高於半晶形或 結晶形熱塑材熔點之溫度。本發明之優點為熱固性聚合物 或熱固性複材組成分可由外部施熱接近接合部分離,無需 任何嵌置元件。於此溫度範圍,只需極小力即可分離各組 成分。由於表面化處理形成半互穿聚合物網路,各個組成 分將保有大部分熱塑性表層,故分離後的組成分隨後可以 前述相同方式再度熔接。若保留於分開組成分上的熱塑性 材料不足,則可於改性後之熱塑性表面增加一或多層額外 半晶形或結晶形熱塑性材料層。 另外,若有所需於此溫度範圍,各個組成分可再度通 過熔接處理、或再度熔接俾改進選定區的熔接。 雖然大半前文說明係有關帶有半晶形或結晶形熱塑 性薄膜之熱固性複材表面處理,用於隨後接合熱固性組成 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) _ 19 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(17 ) 分用途,但生成熱塑性功能性半晶形聚合物表面緊密連結 至熱固性聚合物或複材組成分也可提供其它額外優點,例 如而t化學品性質改良、吸水性減低、耐磨性及耐溶餘性改 善、表面外觀改進、摩擦性質改良、表面電氣性質改良、 耐燃性改良或燃燒時產生的煙減少、紫外光抗性改善表面 抗裂性改善、生物相容性改良、滅菌能力增進或凹口敏感 性減低。特別本發明之第一及第二方面之方法可用於提供 碳纖/環氧樹脂複材之強力連結的耐溶蝕表面。 也須了解本發明提供一種半晶形聚合物整合於基於 不同熱塑性聚合物之熱塑材或熱塑性複材表面的機會。此 種情況下,藉由此項技術可達成於熱塑性親代材料要求的 不同嫁接條件下提供不同表面性質或接合不同組成分之能 力。此外此種技術將允許一類熱塑性或熱塑性複合材料接 合至如前文討論之具有半晶形聚合物表面之熱固性或熱固 性複合材料。 實驗討論 表面化處理 製造兩片有半晶形聚合物表面之分開複材面板。首先 單層PVDF半晶形熱塑性薄膜[熔點約170°C (厚127微米)]置 於一疊包含T300碳纖及海梭(Hexcel)F593環氧樹脂之預浸 平織織物上。薄膜置於堆疊之前以異丙醇清潔。堆疊置於 平坦工具上,包封於真空帶内。真空帶内之空氣被抽真空, 隨後堆疊於177°C及0.63 MPa外壓下硬化12分鐘。硬化後, 熱塑性層完全整合複材基板。第二面板之製法係以單層127 20 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(18 ) 微米PVDF半晶形熱塑性薄膜置於一堆疊由玻璃纖維及海 梭F155組成之預浸緞織物上。薄膜置於堆疊前以異丙醇清 潔。堆疊置於平坦工具上以及包封於真空帶内部。帶内空 氣抽真空,隨後堆疊於127°C及0.32 MPa外壓硬化120分 鐘。硬化後熱塑性表層完全整合複材基板。 接合過程 兩片具有完全相同之熱固性複材基板及熱塑性表面 之複材組成分使用異丙醇清潔,熱塑性表面彼此接觸。 T300/F593及GF/F155環氧樹脂複材之接合線加熱至185°C 並施壓0.1 MPa經歷20分鐘時間。各組成分維持於要求之溫 度及壓力下,藉此出現完全癒合,於維持加壓下冷卻組成 分。冷卻至室溫時,各組成分熔接在一起。 連結強度 連結強度係使用單一重疊部-切變連結試驗件,寬25 毫米,接合長度12.5毫米測定。試驗件於周圍條件下以1.25 毫米/分鐘速度試驗。對T300/F593環氧樹脂複材觀察得平 均連結強度29.1 MPa。此連結強度比較其它方面皆相同的 試驗件但使用環氧樹脂黏著膜連結之平均連結強度=24.4 MPa。此外,對玻璃纖維/F155環氧樹脂複材觀察得平均連 結強度為27.6 MPa。 壓力需求 使用不同熔接壓力進行試驗,指示使用50 kPa至1 MPa 壓力可製造高品質熔接物。較佳壓力為100 kPa至350 kPa。 但施加的壓力並非確保熔接所需,反而係用來讓鄰近熱塑 21 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(19 ) 性聚合物表面完全緊密接觸,以及確保若干聚合物流動。 製造實務上,維度公差略微起伏波動可藉加壓克服。於此 種熱塑性接合時,除了將表面彼此接觸外無需額外加壓, 允許聚合物鏈跨原先表面遷移,藉此癒合接合部。也可使 用更高壓力(1 MPa及1 MPa以上)來由接合部去除被捕捉的 空氣。須注意熔接壓力也可能將若干熱塑材由初步接合區 擠壓出。 接合時間 聚合物本身癒合的能力以及癒合所耗時間,癒合時分 子鏈跨原先接合線,變成與來自此鄰表面的聚合物鏈糾 結,此種癒合能力及時間係依據熱塑性表面溫度以及聚合 物鏈活性程度決定。 須了解本說明書揭示及定義之發明可延伸至由說明 書或附圖中所述或顯然易知之兩種或多種個別特色之所有 其它組合。此等不同組合構成本發明之多種其它方面。 22 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1269702 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2〇 ) 元件標號對照 10···半晶形熱塑材 12…熱固性聚合物 14…半互穿聚合物網路 16,18…熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材 20···半晶形熱塑性聚合物 22…熱塑性表面 24…加熱平台 26…加熱元件 23 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐)
Claims (1)
1269702 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 __D8 [ I六、申請專利範圍 第91117226號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本94年1月〇7曰 一種連結半晶形或結晶形熱塑性聚合物至熱固性聚合 物組成分之方法,該方法包含: 選擇相容之半晶形熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱 固性聚合物組成分,其中該未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成 分之硬化溫度係高於該半晶形熱塑性聚合物之熔點, 放置熱塑性聚合物接觸未硬化之熱固性聚合物組 成分; 加熱熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱固性聚合物或 熱固性聚合物複材組成分至熱固性聚合物之硬化溫 度’此處未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成分與熱塑性聚合物 可於熱固性聚合物硬化前至少部分互穿;以及 冷部忒熱塑性聚合物以及硬化後之熱固性聚合物 、·且成刀,讓熱塑性聚合物極為強力連結至硬化後之熱固 性聚合物組成分。 如申請專利範圍第【項之方法,其中該熱固性聚合物組 成分為熱固性聚合物。 如申請專利範圍第w之方法,其中該熱固性聚合物成 分係為起始未經硬化的並形成部分的熱固性聚合物組 成物。 如申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中該熱塑性聚合物以 ,、、、口 f生♦。物複材之未經硬化之熱固性聚合物部分 當加^時,於熱固性聚合物硬化前至少可部分交互穿 透’藉此連結熱塑性聚合物至熱固性聚合物複材。 本紙張尺度‘-了一^-—- 2.3. (請先閱讀背面之注意事
本頁) 言 1269702 Ao g ________ D8 六、申請專利範圍 5· —種連結半晶形或結晶形熱塑性聚合物至熱固性聚合 物組成分之方法,該方法包含: 選擇相谷之半晶形熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱 固性聚合物組成分,其中該未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成 分可於或低於熱固性聚合物組成分之硬化溫度遷移入 半晶形熱塑性聚合物内部; 放置熱塑性♦合物接觸未硬化之熱固性聚合物組 成分; 加熱熱塑性聚合物以及未硬化之熱固性聚合物或 熱固性聚合物複材組成分至熱固性聚合物之硬化溫 度’此處未硬化之熱固性聚合物組成分與熱塑性聚合物 Τ於熱固性聚合物硬化前至少部分互穿;以及 冷部該熱塑性聚合物以及硬化後之熱固性聚合物 組成为,讓熱塑性聚合物極為強力連結至硬化後之熱固 性聚合物組成分。 6·如申凊專利圍第5項之方法,其中該熱固性組成分之 硬化溫度係低於該半晶形熱塑性聚合物之熔點。 7.如申請專利範圍第5或6項之方法,其中該熱固性聚合物 組成分為熱固性聚合物。 8·如申請專利範圍第5或6項之方法,其中該熱固性聚合物 成分係為起始未經硬化的並形成部分的熱固性聚合物 組成物。 9·如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中該熱塑性聚合物以 及熱固1*生聚口物複材之未經硬化之熱固性聚合物部分 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4"^^^^y (請先閱讀背面之注意事a ----- 本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1269702 AS BS ~~~~ _— :六、申請專利範圍 一~^ 當加熱時,於熱固性聚合物硬化前至少可部分交互穿 透,藉此連結熱塑性聚合物至熱固性聚合物複材。 如申請專利範圍第1或5項之方法,其中該熱塑性聚合物 ’、、、』〖生聚口物組成分或具有相容熱塑性聚合物表面 之組成分。 u·如申請專利範圍第1或5項之方法,其中該熱塑性聚合物 為、、-屯貝水偏氟乙烯(PVDF)或含有pvDF組合其它聚合 物及/或添加物之熱塑性聚合物中之一者。 12. 如申請專利範圍第1或5項之方法,其中該熱塑性聚合物. 含有小量輕質織物稀鬆布。 13. =申請專利範圍第1或5項之方法,其中該熱塑性聚合物 3有允„午導電性或局部加熱之材料,例如鐵磁粒子或其 它導電材料。 士申明專利範圍第1或5項之方法,其中該熱塑性聚合物 係呈薄膜絲末形式,或被直接塗覆於模具或工具表面 上。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作枉印製 15.如申請專利範圍第1或5項之方法,其中該熱固性聚合物 為於升高溫度硬化之樹脂/硬化劑混合物。 以如申.請專利範圍第_項之方法,其中該熱固性聚合物 為環氧樹脂或貳順丁烯二醯亞胺。 17.種具有熱塑性表面之硬化後之熱固性聚合物或熱固 F生來合物複材組成分,該熱塑性表面係以如前述申請專 利範圍中任一項之方法製造。 18_種熔接具有熱塑性表面之熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚 尽準X 297 公只) :~2F :-^— 1269702 AS BS C8 D8 ^__I_ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 申請專利範圍 合物複材至具有熱塑性表面之第二組成分之方法,其中 該熱塑性表面係以如申請專利範圍第M6項中任一項 之方法形成,該方法包含·· 設置以及夾持該熱固性聚合物組成分或熱固性聚 合物複材之熱塑性表面緊密接觸該第二組成分之熱塑 性表面; 加熱個別熱塑性表面至高於熱塑材熔點之溫度,經 歷一段時間讓熱塑性表面變成熔化以及出現毗鄰二熱 塑性表面的熔接;以及 冷卻熔化後之熱塑材俾於熱固性或熱固性複材組 成分與第二組成分間產生強力連結。 19·如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該第二組成分為一 種具有熱塑性表面之熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複 材組成分。 20. 如申請專利範圍第19項之方法,其中該第二組成分係如 申請專利範圍第1至16項中任一項之方法來形成。 21. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該第二組成分為一 種熱塑性聚合物或熱塑性聚合物複材、或任何其它具有 適當熱塑性表面之組成分。 22. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該熔融熱塑性表面 之流動係藉由於加熱期間提升溫度及/或施加更大壓力 至二組成分、或允許額外處理時間而增加流動。 23. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,進一步包括視需要於熱 塑性表面間增加額外多層半晶形或結晶形熱塑性材料 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐〉 27 (請先閱讀背面之注意事
本頁) 言
1269702 Α8 BS C8 ______ DS 六、申請專利範圍 俾填補間隙或提供高熱塑性聚合物流。 24·如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中該加熱步驟也包括 加熱額外熱塑性材料至高於熱塑材熔點之溫度經歷一 段時間,讓熱塑性層變成熔化且融合在一起。 25.如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該熔接係於低於硬 化後之熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材組成分之玻 璃轉化溫度之溫度進行。 26· —種具有熱塑性表面之熱固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物 複材組成分,其中該熱塑性表面係以如申請專利範圍第 1-16項中任一項之方法形成,且該具有熱塑性表面之熱 固性聚合物或熱固性聚合物複材組成分係熔接至一具 有以如申請專利範圍第18至25項中任一項之方法製造 之熱塑性表面的第二組成分。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事 11 ·ΙΈ.--- 本頁) · 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙國冢標準格(210 497 公g )
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPR6731A AUPR673101A0 (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2001-07-31 | Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TWI269702B true TWI269702B (en) | 2007-01-01 |
Family
ID=3830687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW91117226A TWI269702B (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2002-07-31 | Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20040231790A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1423256B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4434731B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100917851B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1309549C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE373688T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AUPR673101A0 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60222566T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2294149T3 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY132616A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI269702B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2003011573A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005025836A1 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-24 | Cooperative Research Centre For Advanced Composite Structures Limited | Functional surface shaping techniques for polymer composite components |
US20050100712A1 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2005-05-12 | Simmons Blake A. | Polymerization welding and application to microfluidics |
US7676298B2 (en) | 2005-06-08 | 2010-03-09 | Crc For Advanced Composite Structures Limited | Method and apparatus for surface shaping of polymer composite components |
US7374134B2 (en) * | 2005-08-29 | 2008-05-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for semi-permanent, non-precision inspace assembly of space structures, modules and spacecraft |
US7921893B2 (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2011-04-12 | Advanced Composite Structures Limited | Method and apparatus for welding of polymer composite components |
EP1945430A4 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2011-06-29 | Cooperative Res Ct For Advanced Composite Structures Ltd | METHOD OF BINDING DRY REINFORCEMENT FIBERS |
US7566582B2 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2009-07-28 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Systems, methods and devices relating to actuatably moveable machines |
WO2008048705A2 (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2008-04-24 | Goodrich Corporation | Low density lightning strike protection for use in airplanes |
EP2004388B1 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2019-02-27 | Advanced Composite Structures Australia Pty Ltd | Welding of functional components to polymer composite components |
US8211268B1 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2012-07-03 | Milliken & Company | Tie layer compositions for fiber reinforced thermoplastic—thermoset structural element |
ES2383668B1 (es) * | 2009-11-26 | 2013-05-03 | Airbus Operations, S.L. | Union de elementos de estructuras aeronauticas con otros elementos termoplasticos |
EP2338666B1 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2013-07-03 | Eurocopter Deutschland GmbH | Semi-finished product and preform used to manufacture a part made form composite material |
MX2012008263A (es) * | 2010-01-14 | 2012-08-03 | Procter & Gamble | Metodo para tratar una tela manchada. |
DE102010007824B4 (de) | 2010-02-11 | 2014-09-04 | Technische Universität Clausthal | Verfahren zum Fügen und zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffaserverbundbauteilen |
CN101863125B (zh) * | 2010-05-04 | 2013-06-26 | 四川大学 | 异相热塑性塑料零部件界面反应性焊接方法 |
US8747606B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2014-06-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method of forming an adhesive bond |
NL2006848C2 (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-11-27 | Univ Delft Technology | Method for bonding a thermoplastic polymer to a thermosetting polymer component. |
FR2982521B1 (fr) | 2011-11-15 | 2014-01-03 | Airbus Operations Sas | Procede de desassemblage de deux elements soudes par ultrason et element apte a etre soude par ultrason a un autre element permettant la mise en oeuvre dudit procede |
WO2013141383A1 (ja) | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-26 | キリンホールディングス株式会社 | ステロイド骨格の24位を還元する酵素をコードする遺伝子および該遺伝子の発現が低下した植物体 |
US20150298388A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2015-10-22 | The Boeing Company | Joining Composite Components Using Low Temperature Thermoplastic Film Fusion |
EP2999587A1 (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2016-03-30 | Cutting Dynamics, Inc. | Reinforced thermoplastic structural component and process to make the same |
KR102142936B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-09 | 2020-08-10 | 플라이 테크놀로지스 잉크 | 다공성 물질의 제어된 형성 및 장치 |
US10061078B1 (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2018-08-28 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Polymer microlattice structures with multifunctional coatings for substrate bonding |
TW201622967A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-01 | Simple Tek Corp | 連續式熱固型與熱塑型複合材料彈性體之製法(二) |
JP6179542B2 (ja) | 2015-03-19 | 2017-08-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 樹脂接合体、樹脂接合体の製造方法及び車両用構造体 |
JP6341156B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-20 | 2018-06-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 樹脂接合体、樹脂接合体の製造方法及び車両用構造体 |
CN104890226B (zh) * | 2015-04-12 | 2017-05-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | 一种高分子材料化学的焊接方法 |
WO2016201520A1 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-22 | Advanced Composite Structures Australia Pty Ltd | A process for integrating thermoset and thermoplastic polymers |
EP3124208A1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-01 | AIRBUS HELICOPTERS DEUTSCHLAND GmbH | Method for joining thermoset components |
EP3156211B1 (de) | 2015-10-16 | 2018-09-26 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Verfahren zum schweissen der kunststoffe polyamid und poly (meth) acrylat |
EP3156210A1 (de) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-19 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Verfahren zum schweissen zweier unterschiedlicher kunststoffe |
DE102015224613A1 (de) | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-08 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Verbindungselement, Verbindungsanordnung, Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbindungselements und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindungsanordnung |
US10800129B2 (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2020-10-13 | Bell Textron Inc. | Honeycomb core sandwich panels |
FR3063774B1 (fr) * | 2017-03-13 | 2021-06-11 | Arkema France | Pale d’eolienne en composite polymere thermoplastique, piece de ladite pale et methode de fabrication |
JP7256481B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-09 | 2023-04-12 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 構造体の製造方法 |
US11298924B2 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2022-04-12 | Rohr, Inc. | Component with bonded thermoplastic and thermoset layers |
DE102020109740A1 (de) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-07 | Airbus S.A.S. | Fügeverfahren und Baugruppe für ein Luftfahrzeug |
CN113085229B (zh) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-02-15 | 同济大学 | 碳纤维增强热固性树脂基复合材料分层损伤修复装置及方法 |
CN116604833B (zh) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-10-27 | 宁波劳伦斯汽车内饰件有限公司 | 一种热固性和热塑性复合材料成型方法 |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2961363A (en) * | 1956-03-27 | 1960-11-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Coupling method for thermoplastic components |
US4121963A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1978-10-24 | Dunlop Limited | Bonding polyamide plastics to rubber compositions |
FR2334498A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-11 | 1977-07-08 | Peugeot Aciers Et Outillage | Procede de fabrication d'articles en matiere plastique renforcee par un materiau fibreux et articles en resultant |
AT349766B (de) * | 1977-06-20 | 1979-04-25 | Isovolta | Heiss verformbare kunstharz-schichtpressstoff- platte sowie verfahren zum verformen solcher platten |
JPS5438376A (en) | 1977-09-01 | 1979-03-22 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Molding of fiber reinforced plastic pipe |
JPS55100155A (en) * | 1979-01-26 | 1980-07-30 | Toho Beslon Co | Thermal incorporating laminated structure |
GB2130158A (en) | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-31 | Fiber Materials | Deicing aircraft surfaces |
FR2552012B1 (fr) | 1983-09-19 | 1986-12-12 | Aerospatiale | Procede de fabrication d'un moule pour realiser des pieces moulees de grandes dimensions en materiau composite, moule obtenu au moyen de ce procede et piece polymerisee obtenue au moyen de ce moule |
US4559688A (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1985-12-24 | General Motors Corporation | Bonding EPDM gaskets to filled nylon heat exchanger parts |
DE3578504D1 (de) * | 1984-03-23 | 1990-08-09 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Schweissbare membran und uebertragungsband zum gebrauch bei der herstellung derselben. |
FR2589393B1 (fr) * | 1985-11-05 | 1988-03-18 | Charbonnages Ste Chimique | Materiau stratifie complexe et son procede de fabrication |
ATE77583T1 (de) * | 1989-04-12 | 1992-07-15 | Karl Winkler | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum heissverformen einer kunstharz-schichtpressstoffplatte. |
JP3103084B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-08 | 2000-10-23 | 株式会社アイ.エス.テイ | 管状物の製造方法 |
JP2741330B2 (ja) * | 1993-09-13 | 1998-04-15 | 株式会社ペトカ | 回転体用金属被覆炭素繊維強化プラスチックパイプ及びその製造方法 |
GB2286148B (en) | 1994-02-02 | 1997-10-01 | Glynwed Plastics | Securing elastomeric and thermoplastics components together |
US5474838A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-12-12 | Milliken Research Corporation | Roofing membrane comprising fiberglass scrim stitched to a polyester mat |
DE4422372A1 (de) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-01-04 | Gruber Alois Agru Gmbh | Verfahren zum Schweißen von Kunststoffrohren und Muffe zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
CN1081195C (zh) * | 1994-09-02 | 2002-03-20 | 陶氏化学公司 | 热固性弹性体 |
US5643390A (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 1997-07-01 | The University Of Delaware | Bonding techniques for high performance thermoplastic compositions |
US5667881A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-09-16 | Hughes Missile Systems Company | Integral thermoset/thermoplastic composite joint |
US6056844A (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2000-05-02 | Triton Systems, Inc. | Temperature-controlled induction heating of polymeric materials |
US6447880B1 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2002-09-10 | Anholt Technologies, Inc. | Composite laminates and their preparation |
EP2004388B1 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2019-02-27 | Advanced Composite Structures Australia Pty Ltd | Welding of functional components to polymer composite components |
-
2001
- 2001-07-31 AU AUPR6731A patent/AUPR673101A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-07-31 EP EP02750654A patent/EP1423256B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-31 DE DE2002622566 patent/DE60222566T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-31 WO PCT/AU2002/001014 patent/WO2003011573A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-07-31 KR KR1020047001306A patent/KR100917851B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-31 US US10/485,449 patent/US20040231790A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-31 JP JP2003516786A patent/JP4434731B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-31 ES ES02750654T patent/ES2294149T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-31 MY MYPI20022884A patent/MY132616A/en unknown
- 2002-07-31 AT AT02750654T patent/ATE373688T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-31 TW TW91117226A patent/TWI269702B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-31 CN CNB028150732A patent/CN1309549C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-01-09 US US12/319,601 patent/US8790486B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20040047782A (ko) | 2004-06-05 |
JP4434731B2 (ja) | 2010-03-17 |
DE60222566D1 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
ATE373688T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
KR100917851B1 (ko) | 2009-09-18 |
US20040231790A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
CN1309549C (zh) | 2007-04-11 |
EP1423256B1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
CN1537047A (zh) | 2004-10-13 |
JP2004535960A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
US20090246548A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
AUPR673101A0 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
MY132616A (en) | 2007-10-31 |
US8790486B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 |
EP1423256A1 (en) | 2004-06-02 |
ES2294149T3 (es) | 2008-04-01 |
WO2003011573A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
EP1423256A4 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
DE60222566T2 (de) | 2008-06-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI269702B (en) | Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components | |
US5643390A (en) | Bonding techniques for high performance thermoplastic compositions | |
CA2837230C (en) | Method for bonding a thermoplastic polymer to a thermosetting polymer component | |
Ageorges et al. | Advances in fusion bonding techniques for joining thermoplastic matrix composites: a review | |
Stavrov et al. | Resistance welding of thermoplastic composites-an overview | |
TW200806459A (en) | Welding of functional components to polymer composite components | |
EP0320155A2 (en) | Fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite structures | |
EP2318150B1 (en) | Multi-layered composite system and method | |
Gohel et al. | Ultrasonic welding of novel Carbon/Elium® with carbon/epoxy composites | |
US20040067705A1 (en) | Process of bonding and composites made therefrom | |
JP2008528767A (ja) | ポリエチレンパイプをパッチ当てするシステム及び方法 | |
US20160059534A1 (en) | Joining via Slender Nanomaterials: Materials, Procedures and Applications Thereof | |
US9387655B2 (en) | Nano-engineered structural joints: materials, procedures and applications thereof | |
Miao et al. | Overmolded hybrid thermoset‐thermoplastic structures: Experimental study on the bonding strength of co‐curing thermoplastic film onto thermoset composite | |
JP2013014113A (ja) | 繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法 | |
AU2002355611B2 (en) | Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components | |
AU2002355611A1 (en) | Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components | |
Allaer et al. | Infrared welding of carbon fabric reinforced thermoplastics | |
JP3056610B2 (ja) | 積層成形品およびその成形方法 | |
Kumar et al. | Development and characterization of an all‐olefin thermoplastic sandwich composite system | |
Li et al. | The thermal and mechanical properties of thermosetting composites prepared for welding by the improved TP hybrid interlayer | |
Ye et al. | Characteristics of resistance welding of lap shear coupons. II. Consolidation | |
De Baere et al. | Fusion bonding of carbon fabric reinforced polyphenylene sulphide | |
JPH06190989A (ja) | ナイロン/ポリプロピレン接着複合体及びその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |