JP4426141B2 - Sound insulation sandwich element - Google Patents

Abstract

A multilayered, sound insulating, mechanically strong sandwich element comprising two facing layers (1) substantially attached to a plastic foam core consisting of at least two layers (2) which are joined through contact points (also called bridges) (3) creating a gap or gaps (4) between the core layers (2) and, in case of long spans and/or thin facing layers, travel stops inside the gap/gaps (4) to keep the core layers (2) at a certain distance from each other, wherein the core layer material is a semi-rigid, cellular material containing more than 50 % open cells, and has a tensile strength of more than 50 kPa, and has a compressive strength from 5 to 200 kPa, at 10 % deformation. The distance between the contact points or bridges (3) is at least 350 mm. The new sandwich element can be used as a sound insulating door, a partition element or a construction unit. <IMAGE> <IMAGE> <IMAGE>

Description

[0001]
The present invention relates to a sound insulating sandwich element, and more particularly a sound insulating multi-layer building or construction element or part such as a door, partition, wall or ceiling, comprising an open cell semi-rigid made of at least one core material. It includes a foam core, one or more hollow spaces or air gaps in the core, and two outer facing layers.
[0002]
More particularly, the present invention provides sound insulation such as doors, partition elements, walls, ceilings, floors, bulkheads, fire doors, traps, lids, flaps, windows, compartment elements or panels of new or existing buildings. Concerning sandwich elements. This new sandwich element is useful in buildings, construction or other industries to improve sound insulation performance. The present invention also relates to sound insulating elements that surpass prior art elements in terms of structural simplicity, mechanical strength and rigidity, and includes walls, partitions, ceilings, and other parts of buildings, structures and machinery. It relates to the use of such new sound insulating multilayer sandwich elements in the construction industry or other industries for acoustic improvement.
[0003]
In the construction industry, it is well known to use panels as partition walls to subdivide building areas into separate areas such as rooms and offices. The panel typically consists of an insulating mineral fiber core and two outer facing layers surrounding the core and air gap or hollow space. Insulating materials such as mineral fibers are disposed between the facing layers to provide thermal insulation and / or sound insulation.
[0004]
It is also known to use multilayer sound-insulating sandwich elements, laminates or boards as partitions or compartment elements or panels fixed to walls or ceilings for the purpose of reducing sound and noise amplification and propagation and sound radiation. Yes. By installing a sound insulating element on the wall or ceiling, or using the sound insulating element as a partition element, it is possible to improve the sound insulating performance and improve the quality of a residential building or office building. In this way, aging buildings can be adjusted to meet modern and often higher regulatory standards. Noise from nearby or external sources or from the room can be substantially reduced.
[0005]
However, the main disadvantage of such partitions or panels having a mineral fiber core is that such fibers lack mechanical strength. For this reason, the facing layer must be fixed, for example, by screws or frames and supported by metal or wood studs. This requires a long manufacturing process.
[0006]
In JA0221642, a sound insulating property in which a porous material, for example glass wool or foamed synthetic resin, is stacked between facing layers formed by plywood, gypsum board or acrylic board in a manner not to contact at least one surface material A panel is disclosed. According to the teaching of this specification, a frame must be used to stabilize or fix this condition. This frame is attached to the assembly described above to form a panel. Of course, this is a relatively complex and therefore expensive procedure. Furthermore, this is a well-known method inferred from conventional wood frame walls or panels.
[0007]
DE 3710057 discloses a multilayer sound insulation panel for an inner wall with an air gap between a layer of mineral wool and an outer chipboard facing layer. The sound insulating panel includes a cover panel made from chipboard or a main panel made from chipboard spaced by ribs from the facing layer. The inner surfaces of these two panels are covered by a fiberboard held by an adhesive. In order to achieve good sound attenuation performance, the two fiberboards are different in weight. This multi-layer panel consists of five layers, ie two chipboard layers, each bonded to a fiberboard, and a mineral wool layer in the center of the sandwich acting as a sound insulating material. The mineral wool only partially fills the space, thereby providing an air gap between the mineral wool and one of the fiberboards adhered to the inner surface of the cover panel. It is fixed to the rib by screws. As is clear from the description, the design of this multilayer panel is very complex. Therefore, its manufacture is relatively expensive. Although the acoustic performance is achieved by the increase in mass, such panels are difficult to transport and install.
[0008]
Some proposals use organic plastics, such as the well-known open cell polyurethane foam laminate, instead of mineral fibers. However, such laminates exhibit the disadvantage of being brittle and having a low tensile strength (about 30 kPa).
[0009]
U.S. Pat. No. 4,317,503 discloses a sound insulating building element that includes a plurality of parallel layer elements, of which the first inner thick element is mineral fiber or rigid plastic foam And comprises a plurality of cavities. A second rigid element that is substantially air permeable is coupled to one major surface of the first inner element and to the outer impermeable element. The outer impermeable element is arranged at a small distance from the second inner element such that substantially the entire outer element vibrates freely in relation to the second inner element. The main drawback of this type of building element is the complexity and high manufacturing costs of such multilayer structures.
[0010]
Other known types of partitions are multilayer structures, including those with foam or honeycomb cores. Foam cores, however, have adequate mechanical strength, but have very poor performance as far as sound insulation performance is concerned. In order to overcome this problem, the foam core must be unacceptably thick and heavy.
[0011]
Generally speaking, there are several known types of systems for improving the sound insulation performance of walls. For example,
Increasing the mass of the wall, of course, is the most basic way to provide better sound insulation (mass law).
Using a resilient panel or sandwich structure, the parts viz.facing layer and core layer vibrate without a phase relationship such that some or most of the incident acoustic energy is converted to mechanical energy, The incident acoustic energy is dissipated by internal friction and deformation (mass-spring-mass system).
The disadvantage of a similar structure following the increase in wall mass or the law of mass is that rather heavy and thick structures are required for good performance.
A disadvantage of a typical mass-spring-mass system is that if it is misplaced and too sharp, the resonant frequency often interferes with the overall performance.
[0012]
Better results are obtained by using sound insulating elements or panels as disclosed in WO 95/14136. This multi-layer sound insulation panel or element, in a preferred embodiment, is in intimate contact with both outer layers at contact points in a preferred embodiment with (a) two outer facing layers and (b) cavities and alternating patterns. A soft synthetic core material, which is a single, continuous, soft synthetic foam core layer arranged in such a manner as to provide a gap between the core layer and the opposing outer layer. is there.
[0013]
What is actually disclosed in the specification, drawings, claims and abstract of WO95 / 14136 is as follows.
A sandwich element comprising two facing layers, for example gypsum board and a core material between the facing layers.
The core layer comprises an elastic closed-cell polyethylene foam, or a rigid closed-cell polyurethane foam, or other closed-cell plastic foam, such as a foam based on polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene.
The second facing layer may be a brick structure, so it is indirectly referred to as a wall, to which the core layer can be glued, for example with mortar.
The core layer includes cavities in a special geometric arrangement, and there is a gap between the core layer and the facing layer.
The gap is confined between the core layer and the facing layer by contact points or regions that are arranged in an alternating pattern with the facing facing. And
Experimental means and theoretical considerations are applied to obtain the best results in the mass-spring-mass system.
[0014]
The panel disclosed in WO95 / 14136 has both sound insulation and mechanical properties. Although this technology provides lightweight and inexpensive panels with better sound insulation compared to previously known products, it upgrades residential and office buildings and provides improved sound insulation properties It remains highly desirable to provide interior partition elements and sandwich elements, such as partitions and doors that have both sound insulation and mechanical properties, which are particularly useful for designing partitions having the following: There has also been a need for more economical methods for manufacturing and installing such sound insulation panels.
[0015]
Previous European Patent Application 98 111 295.6-2303 is a structure comprising a facing layer and a plastic foam core layer bonded thereto, wherein the material of the core layer is a semi-rigid cellular material having certain properties, In the body, the core layer is fixed at a separate contact point by means of strips, patches, dubs or other geometric protrusions (commonly referred to as “contact points”) that leave a gap between this structure and the core layer. And in the case of long span and / or thin facing layers, a multilayer sound insulation panel comprising a travel stop to keep the core layer at a certain distance from the structure.
[0016]
Panels according to EP 98 111 295.6-2303 are useful in the construction industry and other industries to improve the sound insulation properties of buildings and / or machines.
[0017]
These sandwich elements are generally suitable as partition elements, but their mechanical strength is faced in applications where strength and resistance are particularly important for application to building elements such as in door or wall construction. May not be sufficient because there is a gap between the core and the core.
[0018]
  That need and other needs are met by the present invention. Thus, the present invention comprises a multilayer sound insulating sandwich comprising a facing layer and a plastic foam core between and bonded to the facing layer, the core presenting one or more cavities. An element,
  The cavity is a gap that is essentially parallel to the facing and inside the core,
  The core material is a semi-rigid cellular material containing more than 50%, preferably more than 90% open cells,
  And the tensile strength exceeds 50 kPa, preferably exceeds 90 kPa,
  The compressive strength at 10% strain is 5 to 200 kPa, preferably 15 to 80 kPa.The gap is defined by two core layers and contact points, also called “bridges”, which provide a structural connection between the core layers while separating the core layers and forming gaps between the core layers. ing
A multilayer sound-insulating sandwich element is provided.
[0020]
The distance between the contact points is at least 350 mm, more preferably at least 450 mm, or even 600 mm, provided that mechanical integrity can be maintained.
[0021]
The facing layers can each be 0.5 to 100 mm, preferably 0.5 to 25 mm thick. The material of the facing layer can be a metal sheet with a thickness of 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably steel or aluminum, or a wooden sheet with a thickness of 4 to 25 mm. Other materials useful for a particular field of application are known to those skilled in the art.
[0022]
The foam core layer can be 20 to 500 mm thick, preferably 20 to 300 mm, and more preferably 200 mm or less. Each foam core layer is generally a minimum thickness of 10 mm, preferably 15-100 mm, to achieve significant damping. However, it should be noted that these ranges should not be construed as limiting. Values outside these ranges may also be appropriate for certain applications, such as facilities that require very high sound attenuation.
[0023]
The foam core layers may or may not be the same thickness. In the case of some facing materials, it has been found advantageous to use different thicknesses in order to minimize the negative effects of the characteristic critical frequency of the assembly produced from the facing and core layers.
[0024]
Preferably, the core layer material is polyurethane foam, for example of the type according to the preparation method disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,538,779.
[0025]
The core layer material may include more than one type of foam. For example, in addition to polyurethane, polyethylene or polystyrene may be included. It can include sheets made from bitumen or heavy plastic or other materials.
[0026]
In a preferred embodiment, the core layer material is 5000 to 80,000 Ns / m.^Four, Preferably 5000 to 300,000 Ns / m^FourAir flow resistance.
[0027]
The loss factor of the core layer material is preferably greater than 0.1, more preferably greater than 0.2 (defined by SAE Sound and Heat Insulation Materials Committee, SAE Handbook, 1994, Volume 1, page 2.30), And the loss factor can reach 0.3 or more.
[0028]
In the case of long gaps and / or thin facing layers, at least one core layer provides a travel stop within the gap, thereby ensuring that the core layers always maintain a certain distance from each other.
[0029]
The distance of the travel stop from the opposing core layers or the distance between the core layers is 0% strain, preferably at least 0.1 mm, and the preferred range is 2-10 mm.
[0030]
In a preferred embodiment, the total area of the contact points is a ratio of less than 30%, preferably less than 15%, relative to the total area of the sandwich element.
[0031]
In a preferred embodiment, the contact point is a plastic foam, plastic, metal or wood strip having a thickness of 0.5-100 mm and a width of 10-100 mm. However, these ranges should not be construed as limiting and will vary with the specific stress requirements of the application and the stiffness of the facing. For example, a very rigid facing will allow an air gap of unspecified thickness. The protruding portion of the core layer, or even other structural elements, such as a door frame, can exhibit the function of a contact point or “bridge”.
[0032]
Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for producing a novel sound insulating sandwich element by bonding a facing layer to a plastic foam core, which method comprises two cores via contact points or bridges at a predetermined distance. First, the two core layers are machined to join the layers, thereby leaving a gap between the core layers, or forming contact points or bridges at a predetermined distance as an integral part of the core layer And later joining the two core layers via contact points or bridges, thereby leaving a gap between the core layers or cutting the gap from a single plastic foam board A core is manufactured.
[0033]
Furthermore, the present invention provides the use of a novel sound insulation sandwich element in the construction industry and other industries to improve the sound insulation properties of buildings and / or machines.
[0034]
A particularly surprising feature of the present invention is that the long span vibration of the core layer coupled to the facing layer provides particularly good damping at all frequencies and provides particularly good damping at resonance and critical frequencies. It is.
[0035]
The gap formed in the foam core can vary considerably depending on the actual requirements at a given condition. A very rigid facing will allow an air gap of unspecified thickness. The thickness is usually in the range of 0.1 to 200 mm. Sometimes a thickness of 20-50 mm is selected so that it can pass through cables, pipes and other service lines. Apart from special considerations, the thickness of the gap is often in the range 1-10 mm, more preferably in the range 2-5 mm.
[0036]
When gypsum board (or board of other material that is insufficiently rigid) is used as a facing layer and, for example, gypsum board is 10 mm thick and its span exceeds 400 mm, Or, if it is 13 mm thick and its span exceeds 600 mm, a “mid-span” travel stop system made from strips or patches can be installed to limit the deformation of the gypsum board. . As an example, if a 1200 mm wide gypsum board laminate is installed with 40 mm wide contact points (or stripes) at the edge of the board, thereby providing a free span of 1120 mm, the travel stop stripe is fixed in the center of the board Will reduce the span. If the contact stripe width is 40 mm, for example, the width of the travel stop stripe will be 30-39.9 mm, more preferably 35-38 mm.
[0037]
By implementing the present invention by applying specific designs for the core layer, facing layer and travel stop, in accordance with the parameters specified in the specification and claims, particularly by using specific foam materials, Resulting in a sound-insulating sandwich element that exhibits a surprisingly high vibration damping and very high mechanical strength and rigidity, especially at the resonance frequency, which is particularly damaging to this new element. Means that it can be transported and handled without risk. Therefore, no additional reinforcement is required to ensure the mechanical integrity of the assembly, for example by screws, frames or studs.
[0038]
Nevertheless, other coupling or stiffening devices may be incorporated into the interior or coupling of the element to ensure that certain application requirements are met once the part is placed or installed. A design is proposed in which sound transmission does not occur while fulfilling all strength requirements in use. This is known to those skilled in the art.
[0039]
Typical reinforcement would be a wooden or metal frame for door applications, a steel stud or beam for partition applications, and a mortar or glue for wall applications.
[0040]
The facing layer may be made from any material commonly used to make sound insulating sandwich elements or panels. Exemplary materials useful as the facing layer are plastic or particle board, cardboard or cardboard, fiber board, gypsum board, flexible plastic film or foil, metal sheet such as steel, lead or aluminum sheet, plywood, wood board And chipboard, most typically gypsum board and chipboard. Preferred materials for use as the facing layer are gypsum boards for partition applications and metal sheets or wooden boards for door applications.
[0041]
In one embodiment of the present invention, a core layer made from polyurethane foam having a separate polyurethane foam patch as a contact point on one of the two surfaces is connected to another polyurethane foam core layer on its inner surface. It is attached substantially by an adhesive, thereby forming a core. Usually such panels will be pre-manufactured to avoid on-site assembly. The core is then fixed to the two facing layers by bonding with a suitable adhesive such as polyurethane glue, neoprene contact pressure adhesive or transfer adhesive or by mechanical fixing to produce a sandwich element according to the invention. It will be.
[0042]
The sandwich element obtained in this way can be used, for example, as a door. Door facing materials are usually thin layers of metal or wood sheets and are substantially bonded to the core layer to meet requirements such as thermal stability, impact deformation resistance, perfect planar surface and aesthetics. Therefore, when the facing layer lacks rigidity, it is important that no gap be formed between the reinforced foam core and the facing layer.
[0043]
Further, the substantial bond between the facing layer and the core layer by the adhesive is advantageous as long as, for example, the very high damping core material used according to the invention greatly reduces the transmission of shocks and vibrations. provide.
[0044]
The new sandwich element can also be used, for example, as a free-standing room partition. Such partition elements are usually fixed to the floor and / or ceiling. It can be fixed to walls, ceilings, floors or other building structures.
[0045]
The concept of a sandwich partition according to the present invention relates to a space division unit mainly for office, industry cabin and other panel applications where light weight, easy coupling device, ease of handling and sound insulation properties are important requirements. These partitions can be placed in a vertical or horizontal arrangement, but in certain embodiments may be arranged at an acute or obtuse angle.
[0046]
It was surprising that significant sound insulation performance could be achieved by incorporating specific contact points or bridges inside the core and forming an air gap. This is therefore a salient feature of the present invention.
[0047]
The contact points can be machined from a polyurethane foam layer, as long as the requirements of the present invention are met, or from other suitable materials such as plastics, glues or other adhesives other than polyurethane, wood, gypsum or metal Can be manufactured.
[0048]
In addition to sandwich element door and partition applications according to the present invention, another aspect of the present invention is a panel useful for construction unit applications. Here, the novel sandwich element functions like a brick wall, ceiling, floor or other construction part or unit of a building wall.
[0049]
The sound insulating sandwich element of the present invention is not only useful for retrofitting existing buildings, but also as an element in new constructions. The sound insulating sandwich element can be manufactured as a door or partition element or a wall construction unit. Sound insulation sandwich elements are thin, lightweight and mechanically strong that improve sound insulation and eliminate or attenuate sound and noise that would otherwise pass through walls, doors, floors, ceilings and partitions It becomes.
[0050]
Based on the examples, the sandwich element according to the present invention is surprisingly substantially superior in terms of sound insulation / mechanical strength / light weight / thickness properties and manufacturing / installation combinations compared to prior art sound insulation elements. Will be shown. It has superior mechanical strength, high acoustic attenuation performance, and suppresses and lowers the resonant frequency compared to state of the art sound insulation sandwich elements. The gap in the core acts as a first very soft spring and the core layer acts as a second hard spring. Due to the rigidity of the core layer, the deformation of the element is very suppressed, so that it can be used in the intended application in buildings.
[0051]
The following examples are given to illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting in any way.
[0052]
Example 1
An assembly of a sandwich element according to the invention for use as a door is schematically shown in FIG. The number (1) indicates the facing layer, (2) indicates the core layer, and (3) indicates the contact point. It is T-shaped in this case. 2 and 3 show the two sandwich elements after assembly, the difference between the elements according to FIG. 3 when compared to the elements according to FIG. 2 is that a third contact point is incorporated.
[0053]
A 20 mm thick polyurethane board and a 40 mm thick polyurethane board (2) and two 1 mm thick steel sheets (manufactured according to the method described in Example 1 of US Pat. No. 5,538,779) Elements were manufactured from 1). These elements are made by spray bonding one board to one metal sheet and another board to a second metal sheet using a contact adhesive (neoprene) at room temperature and 40 mm wide As shown in FIG. 2 via a T-shaped contact point (3) that is at a distance of 800 mm from each other, and also via a T-shaped contact point (3) and a central additional contact point (3 ′) It was manufactured by joining both assemblies as shown in FIG. The contact point is a 3 mm thick and 40 mm wide plastic stripe (eg, PE, PU or PVC).
[0054]
Note that the two core layers differ in thickness. This is because the negative effect of the characteristic critical frequency of such a core layer and facing once bonded is reduced.
[0055]
Travel stops may be incorporated as needed.
[0056]
The air gap (4) is characterized by a thickness and a distance D caused by the contact point (3). The distance D shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is at least 350 mm, preferably at least 450 mm, or most preferably 600 mm or more as long as mechanical integrity is maintained.
[0057]
Doors made according to the present invention will achieve excellent dimensional and thermal stability without exhibiting a bowing effect at different temperatures. It will provide better thermal insulation and significant impact resistance and pneumatic transport sound insulation than the conventional structure of 3 times weight.
[0058]
With the proper choice of core material thickness and stiffness, excellent planarity and aesthetics will be obtained even with very thin facing materials.
[0059]
Example 2
A door sandwich element according to the invention was manufactured and tested for sound insulation.
[0060]
2.1-FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view and configuration of the door tested, the dimensions are 1050 mm × 2050 mm × 55 mm (see also FIG. 1). The facing (1) is a steel sheet having a thickness of 1.5 mm.
[0061]
The core material (2) is a noise shielding foam previously described in US Pat. No. 5,538,779 available from The Dow Chemical Company. The upper half thickness H1 is 15 mm and the lower half thickness H2 is 35 mm.
[0062]
The contact point (3) consists of a 5mm thick, 2050mm long, 30mm wide foam strip with a 15mm wide, 55mm thick pine wood frame extending around the four sides of the door panel, Provides edge stiffness and rigidity.
[0063]
As can be seen from the structure in FIG. 4, the wood frame is fully bonded to both the foam core and steel facing with a contact neoprene adhesive, and the foam stripe ensures contact between the two pairs of core materials (2). Just lie there to be, not glued.
[0064]
The test article weighs 57 kg, ie only 26 kg / m²It is. The overall thickness is 58 mm.
[0065]
Despite the very light weight and reduced thickness, the door element or panel according to the invention whose cross section is shown in FIG. 4 achieves a surprisingly high sound insulation performance (decibel scale (A) (dB (A)) Rw = 49 dB (A), Rpink = 47 dB (A), and Rroad noize = 41 dB (A)).
[0066]
None of the available door panels of such weight and thickness showed such a level of performance.
[0067]
This is comparable to, for example, a solid concrete wall weighing 207 kg with a thickness of 90 mm that achieves a sound insulation of R = 47 dB.
[0068]
2.2-FIG. 5 shows the same door cross section, but in this second test, the center and both side contact point stripes (3) are bonded to both sides of the core material (2) with a contact adhesive. . This attachment method makes it possible to give the element a higher rigidity.
[0069]
As expected, the distance D between the contact points is reduced from 1020 mm (Test 1) to 465 mm (Test 2), and this distance has some effect on the sound insulation performance, but the performance is very high and still the present invention. Range.
Rw = 45 dB (A), Rpink = 44 dB (A), Rroad noize = 37 dB (A).
2.3 and 2.4- FIGS. 6 and 7 show an improved cross-sectional view of a door panel according to the present invention as suitable for industrialization.
[0070]
In FIG. 6, it is relatively rigid or rigid (eg, plywood plank), and therefore there may or may not be a need to reinforce this type, depending on span D.
[0071]
The two pairs of core layers (two core layers (2)) have different thicknesses of H1 and H2. The contact point (3) leaves an air gap (4) and the frame (7) extends around the door panel.
[0072]
2.4- In FIG. 7, the facing (1) is a thin sheet (eg, 0.6 mm thick steel). Therefore, it is necessary to stiffen the facing with a U profile (6) welded or bonded to the facing.
[0073]
Since these U profiles (6) are embedded in the foam core, their vibration pattern is reduced by the high damping capacity of the foam core. It should be understood that other shapes or other profiles (made of aluminum, steel, plastic or wood), such as a T-profile that provides a sufficient stiffening effect due to moment of inertia and specific modulus, are acceptable.
[0074]
The air gap (4) is very thin and is caused by the thickness of the metal frame (7), and in this particular case the metal frame (7) replaces the strip normally used as the contact point (3). , And form a “bridge” between the core layers. The two layers or pairs of core material are of the same thickness (H1 = H2).
[0075]
Sometimes it is more convenient to place the stiffening profile parallel to the width rather than the height of the sandwich element. Diagonal and transverse arrangements are of course acceptable.
[0076]
Example 3
The assembly of the sandwich element according to the invention for the partition element is shown schematically in FIG. The sandwich element once assembled is shown in FIG. Number (1) indicates the facing layer, (2) indicates the core layer, and (3) indicates the contact point, in which case a 2 mm thick gap (4) is machined from a single board The contact point is the core material itself.
[0077]
These novel sandwich elements are neoprene based on 25 mm thick polyurethane (according to US Pat. No. 5,538,779) board (2) and two 15 mm thick wooden boards (1). It was manufactured by adhering with a pressure-sensitive adhesive. The contact point (3) constituting a part of the core body is 15 mm wide.
[0078]
In order to avoid the cumulative negative effects of similar critical frequencies caused by two facings when subjected to a noise frequency of about 50 Hz to 5000 Hz, the gap is preferably not precisely located in the center of the panel. In some cases, this effect has no adverse effect. However, it all depends on the facing thickness, modulus and damping factor.
[0079]
Example 4
In this example, a sandwich element according to the invention to be applied as a construction (structural) unit is disclosed. Referring to FIG. 10, the core of this element is made up of two joined planks of plastic foam material leaving a gap (4) that is central or preferably off-center. The sandwich elements have an L-shaped clay brick facing, which surrounds the core (2). The L-facing brick forms a second gap (5) along the vertical edge of the element to provide space for the electrical cable. In another embodiment, the gap (5) is used to pour the binding mortar.
[0080]
Another embodiment of a sandwich element for wall construction applications is shown in FIG. The facing (1) is made of a hollow brick. A cavity, such as a slot or round hole, in the brick is open towards the core of the element. The percentage of pores is 10% to 80%, preferably more than 30%. This arrangement is a feature of the present invention and can reduce the resonant frequency of the mass-spring-mass system while at the same time providing the benefit of sound absorption.

Claims (17)

A multilayer sound insulating sandwich element comprising a facing layer and a plastic foam core between and bonded to the facing layer, the core exhibiting one or more cavities;
The cavity is a gap that is essentially parallel to the facing and present inside the core;
Material of the core is a cellular material of semi-rigid including Exceeding celled 50%
Then 50kPa to have a super-El tensile strength,
And having a compressive strength at 10% strain of 5 to 200 kPa, and the gap provides two core layers and a structural bond between the core layers while maintaining the separated state of the core layers A multilayer sound insulating sandwich element, characterized in that it is defined by points. Wherein the distance between the contact point is at least 350 mm, element of claim 1, wherein.   3. Element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the core layer is polyurethane foam.   4. Element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core layer comprises more than one type of foam. The thickness of each of said facing layer is 0.5～200Mm, and wherein the thickness of the foam core layer is 5 to 500 mm, according to any one of claims 1 to 4 element.   The element according to claim 1, wherein the foam core layers have different thicknesses. The element according to claim 1, wherein the material of the core layer has an air flow resistance of 5000 to 800,000 Ns / m ⁴ . Material of the core layer is characterized by having a super-el loss factor of 0.1, the elements of any one of claims 1 to 7.   In the case of long gaps and / or thin facing layers, a travel stop is provided in at least one core layer and within the gap in order to keep the core layers at a certain distance from one another. The element of any one of 1-8. Mutual distances of the distance or core layer between the travel stop from the core layer facing the at 0% deformation, characterized in that at least 0.1 mm, the element of claim 9, wherein. The total area of the contact points, the total area of the sandwich element, characterized in that the ratio of less than 30%, the elements of any one of claims 1 to 10. Facing layer of the material metal sheet, also characterized in that it is a wooden sheet, according to claim 1 or 11 element according.   13. Element according to claim 2 or 12, characterized in that the contact points are plastic foam, plastic, metal or wood strip, have a thickness of 0.5 to 100 mm and a width of 10 to 100 mm. A method for producing a sandwich element according to any one of claims 1 to 13, by bonding a facing layer to a plastic foam core,
Plastic foam cores are manufactured by joining two core layers through contact points or bridges at a predetermined distance, thereby leaving a gap between the core layers, or integration of the core layers First, the two core layers are machined to form a contact point or bridge at a predetermined distance as a part, and then the two core layers are joined via the contact point or bridge, thereby A method characterized in that it is manufactured by leaving a gap between the core layers or by cutting a gap from a single foam plastic board.   Use of an element according to any one of claims 1 to 13 in the construction industry and other industries for improving the sound insulation properties of buildings and / or machines.   16. Use according to claim 15, characterized in that the element is used as a door, as a partition element or as a construction (structural) unit. The facing layer is characterized by a Clay brick or gypsum stone (gypsum plaster stone), the use of claim 16, wherein.

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