JP4414355B2 - Construction machine earth removal equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a soil removal device for a construction machine that is preferably used for performing soil removal work such as earth and sand.

  In general, a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine is a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body, and forms a vehicle body with the lower traveling body, and the upper revolving body It is roughly constituted by a working device provided at the front part so as to be able to move up and down in the upward and downward directions. In addition, a small hydraulic excavator is provided with a soil removal device for performing soil removal work such as earth and sand on a track frame constituting the lower traveling body.

  The excavator earth removal device is composed of an arm attached to the track frame so that the base end is movable up and down, and a plate-like body extending in the left and right directions, and the back side is attached to the tip side of the arm. A blade provided between the track frame and the arm, and an elevating cylinder for raising and lowering the blade up and down, and located between the arm and the blade on the left side of the arm. An angle cylinder that swings the blade forward and backward with respect to the blade mounting position with respect to the blade, and provided between the arm and the blade on the left side of the blade mounting position, with the blade mounting position as the center It is generally constituted by a tilt cylinder that swings the blade up and down.

  Here, the arm is inclined downward so that the tip side is lowered with the blade grounded to the ground. And the angle cylinder is arrange | positioned so that the front end side may incline below so that an arm may be followed (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP 2002-21812 A

  Then, when performing earth removal work such as earth and sand, the blade is lowered through the arm by extending the lifting cylinder, and the blade is grounded to the ground. By running the hydraulic excavator in this state, the ground can be leveled with the blade. Also, during earth removal work, for example, by extending the angle cylinder and swinging the left side of the blade to the front side and the right side to the rear side, the earth and sand scraped by the blade can be discharged to the right side of the lower traveling body. . Furthermore, when the tilt cylinder is extended and contracted, the angle with respect to the ground can be changed by swinging the blade up and down around the blade mounting position.

  By the way, in the above-described conventional earth removal device, the angle cylinder is provided on the left side of the arm, and the tilt cylinder is provided on the left side of the blade mounting position. For this reason, since both the angle cylinder and the tilt cylinder, which are heavy objects, are arranged on the left side of the earth removing device, the center of gravity of the earth removing device is biased to the left side, and there is a problem that the stability during work is deteriorated. .

  In addition, since the angle cylinder is provided with the tip side inclined downward along the arm with the blade in contact with the ground, the angle cylinder is reduced and the left side of the blade is moved to the rear side to tilt In the posture in which the cylinder is extended and the left side of the blade is greatly lowered, the angle cylinder is disposed at a position lower than the arm. For this reason, when the earth removal work or the like is performed in the above-described posture, there is a problem that rocks, earth and sand easily collide with the angle cylinder closer to the ground than the arm, and the angle cylinder may be damaged.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to improve the workability by improving the left and right weight balance, and to perform angle operation when the blade is operated at an angle and a tilt. An object of the present invention is to provide a soil removal device for a construction machine which can extend the life of an angle cylinder by preventing the cylinder from approaching the ground rather than an arm.

  A soil removal apparatus for a construction machine according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an arm whose base end side is attached to a vehicle body of the construction machine so as to be movable upward and downward, a blade attached to a distal end side of the arm, the arm and the blade An angle cylinder that swings the blade forward and backward with respect to the blade mounting position with respect to the arm, and a blade that is provided between the arm and the blade with the blade mounting position as the center. And a tilt cylinder that swings up and down.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the configuration of the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that the angle cylinder is located on the left side of the blade mounting position when viewed from the operator seated on the driver's seat on the left side of the vehicle body. The tilt cylinder is arranged on the right side which is opposite to the left and right directions with respect to the angle cylinder with the blade attachment position in between.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the angle cylinder is configured such that the blade is grounded on a flat ground, the blade is disposed at a right angle to the straight direction of the construction machine, and the blade is disposed parallel to the ground. In this case, it is arranged to be arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the ground.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the tilt cylinder is arranged above the blade mounting position.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the angle cylinder and the tilt cylinder are arranged on the opposite sides of the left and right directions with the blade mounting position in between, and the angle cylinder is viewed from the operator seated on the driver's seat on the left side of the vehicle body. Since it is arranged on the left side of the blade mounting position , the heavy and angle cylinders and tilt cylinders can be distributed to the left and right sides of the earth removing device. As a result, the center of gravity position of the earth removal device can be brought closer to the center in the left and right directions, so that the posture can be stabilized by balancing the left and right weights, and workability can be improved.

In particular , the angle cylinder is located on the left side of the blade mounting position as seen from the operator seated on the driver's seat on the left side of the vehicle body, so that the operator can easily see the angle cylinder. For example, the angle cylinder collides with an obstacle during work. Damage can be prevented and the life of the angle cylinder can be extended.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the earth removal device is operated, the angle cylinder is reduced and the angle cylinder side of the blade is largely retracted to the rear side, and the tilt cylinder is reduced and the angle cylinder side of the blade is greatly lowered. In this case, the blade side of the angle cylinder is lowered.

  However, the angle cylinder is almost parallel to the ground when the blade is grounded on a flat ground, the blade is placed at a right angle to the straight direction of the construction machine, and the blade is parallel to the ground. Therefore, even when the blade side that is the tip side of the angle cylinder is lowered, the angle cylinder can be maintained at a position higher than the arm. As a result, it is possible to prevent rocks, earth and sand, etc. from colliding with the angle cylinder during work, so that workability, life and the like can be improved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the tilt cylinder disposed above the blade mounting position can be easily visually confirmed by the operator, so that the tilt cylinder can be prevented from being damaged.

  Hereinafter, the excavator of a hydraulic excavator will be described as an example of the excavator of the construction machine according to the embodiment of the present invention, and will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a canopy-type hydraulic excavator. The hydraulic excavator 1 is mounted on a self-propelled crawler-type lower traveling body 2 and turnable on the lower traveling body 2 via a turning device 3. The upper swing body 4 constituting the vehicle body together with the lower travel body 2, the working device 5 provided on the front side of the upper swing body 4 so as to be swingable and can be lifted and lowered, and provided on the front side of the lower travel body 2. The earthing device 21 described later is generally configured.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower traveling body 2 is, for example, a center frame 6A located in the center and formed in a flat box shape, and located on both the left and right sides of the center frame 6A. 1 includes a left and right side frame 6B (shown only on the left side in FIG. 1), and a track frame 6 including left and right legs 6C that connect the center frame 6A and each side frame 6B. . Further, the lower traveling body 2 is provided with an idler wheel 7 on one end side of the side frame 6B, a drive wheel 8 is provided on the other end side, and a crawler belt 9 is wound around the idler wheel 7 and the drive wheel 8. Yes.

  The center frame 6A of the track frame 6 is provided with the turning device 3 on the upper surface side, and the center joint 10 is provided at the turning center. Further, on the front side of the center frame 6A, there are a cylinder bracket 6D that is located in the center and to which a lifting cylinder 25 of a soil removal device 21 described later is attached, and a base end portion of an arm 22 that is described later on both the left and right sides. An arm bracket 6E to be attached is provided.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper swing body 4 includes a swing frame 11 attached to the track frame 6 via the swing device 3, and a driver seat 12 mounted on the left side of the swing frame 11 and seated by an operator. The counterweight 13 is mounted at the rear end of the revolving frame 11 and balances the weight with the work device 5, and is composed of a four-column canopy 14 covering the driver seat 12 and the like.

  Next, reference numeral 21 denotes a soil removal device for the hydraulic excavator 1 provided on one side of the lower traveling body 2 in the front and rear directions. The earth removal device 21 performs, for example, earth removal work, snow removal work, and the like. The earth removing device 21 is roughly constituted by an arm 22, a universal pin 23, a blade 24, an elevating cylinder 25, an angle cylinder 26, a tilt cylinder 27 and the like which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 22 denotes an arm extending in the front and rear directions. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the arm 22 is arranged in a substantially V shape so as to approach each other toward the distal end side. The left and right arm portions 22A and 22B, the vertical plate-like front plate 22C attached to the distal ends of the arm portions 22A and 22B, and the arm portions 22A and 22B are provided in the middle. The lift cylinder bracket 22D to which the below-described lift cylinder 25 is attached, the angle cylinder bracket 22E provided near the left side base end of the left arm portion 22A and the angle cylinder 26 to be described later is attached, and the front plate 22C A tilt cylinder bracket 22F, which is provided to protrude forward on the upper side and to which a tilt cylinder 27 (to be described later) is attached, is positioned below the tilt cylinder bracket 22F. Provided on the front plate 22C by the rotation pin 23A of the movable pin 23 to be described later it is largely constituted by a mounting hole 22G mounted rotatably.

  The arm 22 is pin-coupled to each arm bracket 6E provided on the track frame 6 of the lower traveling body 2 at the base end side of the left and right arm portions 22A, 22B. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the arm 22 can be moved up and down (in the direction of arrows A and A ′) around the swing fulcrum O1 together with the blade 24 and the like described later. .

  A universal pin 23 is provided on the distal end side of the arm 22, and the universal pin 23 constitutes a blade attachment position for attaching a later-described blade 24 to the distal end side of the arm 22 so as to be capable of an angle operation and a tilt operation. . And the base end side of the universal pin 23 is extended along the axis OO used as the rectilinear direction of the lower traveling body 2, and is rotatably inserted in the attachment hole 22G provided in the front plate 22C of the arm 22. It is a rotating pin 23A. Further, a pin hole 23B for supporting the blade 24 so as to be swingable forward and backward is provided on the tip side of the universal pin 23 in the upward and downward directions.

  As a result, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the universal pin 23 causes the blade 24 to perform an angle operation in the forward and backward directions (arrow B and B ′ directions) around the swing fulcrum O2 of the pin hole 23B. be able to. The magnitude of this angle operation is represented by the angle α of the blade 24 with respect to the axis OO that is the straight traveling direction of the lower traveling body 2, and the blade 24 is disposed at a right angle to the axis OO as shown in FIG. In this state, the angle angle α is 0 °.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the universal pin 23 tilts the blade 24 upward and downward (arrow C, C ′ direction) around the swing fulcrum O3 of the rotary pin 23A. Can do. The magnitude of this tilting operation is represented by the angle β of the blade 24 with respect to the ground G. As shown in FIG. 6, the tilt angle β is 0 ° when the blade 24 is arranged parallel to the ground G.

  A blade 24 is swingably attached to the tip of the arm 22 via a free pin 23. The blade 24 can be moved up and down by the arm 22, and can be angled and tilted by the free pin 23. . The blade 24 is made of a high-strength plate-like body that extends in the left and right directions by joining a plurality of steel plates and the like, and forms a lower end edge for cutting the ground G flatly under the front surface thereof. A cutting edge 24A is provided. Further, on the back side of the blade 24, as shown in FIG. 6, a central bracket 24B located at the lower center and pin-coupled to the pin hole 23B of the free pin 23, and an angle cylinder located at the upper left side. A left bracket 24C to which the rod portion 26B of 26 is pin-coupled and a right bracket 24D to which the cylinder portion 27A of the tilt cylinder 27 is pin-coupled and located at the upper right side are provided.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes an elevating cylinder provided between the track frame 6 of the lower traveling body 2 and the arm 22. The elevating cylinder 25 raises and lowers the blade 24 up and down via the arm 22. The elevating cylinder 25 includes a cylinder part 25A, a rod part 25B extending and contracting from the cylinder part 25A, an attachment eye 25C provided on the cylinder part 25A, and an attachment eye 25D provided on the rod part 25B. It is roughly structured. The elevating cylinder 25 is provided with a protective cover 25E so as to cover the rod portion 25B side.

  The elevating cylinder 25 is attached so that the mounting eye 25D of the rod portion 25B can be pivoted upward and downward on the cylinder bracket 6D of the track frame 6, and the mounting eye 25C of the cylinder portion 25A is the elevating cylinder bracket 22D of the arm 22. It is mounted so that it can rotate upward and downward. The elevating cylinder 25 is connected to a control valve (none of which is shown) on the track frame 6 side via a hydraulic hose. Thus, the lifting cylinder 25 moves the blade 24 up and down (in the direction of arrows A and A ′) together with the arm 22 by reducing and extending the rod portion 25B.

  An angle cylinder 26 is provided between the arm 22 and the blade 24, and the angle cylinder 26 operates the blade 24 at an angle. Further, the angle cylinder 26 is provided on a cylinder part 26A, a rod part 26B that expands and contracts from the distal end side of the cylinder part 26A, and a base end side of the cylinder part 26A, and incorporates a spherical bush or the like (not shown). The mounting eye 26C is roughly constituted by a mounting eye 26D provided on the distal end side of the rod portion 26B and incorporating a spherical bush or the like. In addition, a protective cover 26E is attached to the angle cylinder 26 so as to cover the rod portion 26B side.

  The angle cylinder 26 is disposed on the left side of the universal pin 23 as viewed from the operator seated on the driver's seat 12 provided on the left side of the upper swing body 4. Specifically, in the angle cylinder 26, the mounting eye 26C of the cylinder portion 26A can be rotated left, right, upward, and downward via a spherical bush on an angle cylinder bracket 22E provided on the left arm portion 22A of the arm 22. The mounting eye 26D of the rod portion 26B is attached to the left bracket 24C of the blade 24 via a spherical bush or the like so as to be rotatable leftward, rightward, upward and downward. As a result, the angle cylinder 26 can be easily seen by an operator seated on the driver's seat 12, so that, for example, a situation in which the angle cylinder 26 collides with an obstacle during operation and is damaged can be prevented. .

  In addition, the angle cylinder 26 is connected to a control valve on the track frame 6 side via a hydraulic hose, similarly to the lifting cylinder 25. The angle cylinder 26 extends and contracts the rod portion 26B, thereby causing the blade 24 to perform an angle operation in the forward and backward directions (indicated by arrows B and B ') around the free pin 23.

  Here, the mounting conditions of the angle cylinder 26 will be described. First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the cutting edge 24 </ b> A that forms the lower edge of the blade 24 is grounded to the flat ground G. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the blade 24 is disposed at a right angle to the axis OO that is the straight traveling direction of the lower traveling body 2 so that the angle angle α is 0 °. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the blade 24 is arranged in parallel to the ground G, and the tilt angle β is set to 0 °. As shown in FIG. 3, the angle cylinder 26 is arranged so that the central axis LL thereof is substantially parallel to the ground G in a posture satisfying these three conditions.

  As a result, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the angle cylinder 26 is reduced and the left side of the blade 24 is largely retracted rearward in the direction indicated by the arrow B ', and the tilt cylinder 27 is reduced to reduce the left side of the blade 24. When it is greatly lowered in the direction of arrow C ′, the rod portion 26B side of the angle cylinder 26 is lowered. However, the angle cylinder 26 is in a posture in which the blade 24 is grounded to the ground G, the angle angle α of the blade 24 is 0 °, and the tilt angle β is 0 °, and its central axis LL is substantially parallel to the ground G. Therefore, even when the rod part 26B side is lowered, the position higher than the left arm part 22A of the arm 22 can be maintained.

  Reference numeral 27 denotes a tilt cylinder provided between the arm 22 and the blade 24, and the tilt cylinder 27 tilts the blade 24. The tilt cylinder 27 is provided with a cylinder part 27A, a rod part 27B that expands and contracts from the distal end side of the cylinder part 27A, and a base end side of the cylinder part 27A, and includes a bush or the like (not shown). The eye 27C and a mounting eye 27D provided on the distal end side of the rod portion 27B and incorporating a spherical bush or the like (not shown) are roughly configured.

  Here, the tilt cylinder 27 is arranged on the right side of the angle cylinder 26 and the universal pin 23, that is, on the right side as viewed from the operator seated on the driver's seat 12. Specifically, in the tilt cylinder 27, the mounting eye 27C of the cylinder portion 27A is attached to the right bracket 24D of the blade 24 so as to be able to turn left and right via a bush, and the mounting eye 27D of the rod portion 27B is the arm 22 It is attached to the tilt cylinder bracket 22F via a spherical bush so as to be rotatable leftward, rightward, upward and downward. Further, the upper side of the tilt cylinder 27 is covered with a protective cover 28 attached to the blade 24.

  In this way, by placing the heavy weight angle cylinder 26 and tilt cylinder 27 separately on the left and right, the center of gravity position of the earth removal device 21 can be brought closer to the center in the left and right directions, and the left and right The weight in the direction can be balanced. The tilt cylinder 27 is located on the opposite side of the driver seat 12 on the left side, but is disposed at a position higher than the free pin 23 so that it can be easily viewed by an operator seated on the driver seat 12. it can.

  The tilt cylinder 27 is connected to a control valve on the track frame 6 side via a hydraulic hose, like the cylinders 25 and 26. The tilt cylinder 27 tilts the left and right sides of the blade 24 upward and downward (arrow C and C ′ directions) by extending and contracting the rod portion 27B.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 applied to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the operation thereof will be described next.

  First, when performing earth and sand excavation work, etc., at the work site, the operator sits on the driver's seat 12 of the upper swing body 4 and operates various levers to move the working device 5 up and down to excavate the earth and sand. Can do.

  Further, when performing earth removal work such as earth and sand using the earth removal device 21, the lifting cylinder 25 is extended to swing the blade 24 downward via the arm 22, and the cutting edge 24 </ b> A is grounded to the ground G. By running the lower traveling body 2 in this state, the sand and the like in the running direction can be pushed out by the blade 24, and the leveling work at the work site, the earth refilling work and the like can be performed.

  On the other hand, in addition to the above-described earth removal work, the earth removal device 21 is inclined to move the blade 24 by the angle cylinder 26 and tilt the blade 24 forward and rearward, so that the earth and sand scraped by the blade 24 travels downward. It can be discharged to the side of the body 2 and can also be used for snow removal work. Further, by tilting the blade 24 by the tilt cylinder 27 and tilting left and right, the ground can be leveled at an arbitrary angle regardless of the tilt of the ground G.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the angle cylinder 26 and the tilt cylinder 27, which are heavy objects, are arranged separately on the left and right of the soil removal device 21, so that the gravity center position of the soil removal device 21 is set to the left. , Can approach the center in the right direction. As a result, the earth removal device 21 can stabilize the posture by balancing the weight in the left and right directions, and can improve workability such as earth removal work.

  In addition, the angle cylinder 26 is disposed on the left side of the universal pin 23 that is the blade mounting position when viewed from the operator seated on the driver seat 12 disposed on the left side of the upper swing body 4 constituting the vehicle body. The operator can easily visually check the angle cylinder 26 in the state of being seated on the cylinder 12. Further, since the tilt cylinder 27 is disposed above the universal pin 23, the tilt cylinder 27 can be easily visually observed. As a result, the angle cylinder 26 and the tilt cylinder 27 can be prevented from colliding with an obstacle and being damaged during work, and workability, life and the like can be improved.

  Further, when the blade 24 is angled and tilted and the left side of the blade 24 is swung to the rear side and the lower side, the rod portion 26B side of the angle cylinder 26 is lowered as shown in FIG. End up. However, according to the present embodiment, the blade 24 is grounded to the ground G, and the angle axis α of the blade 24 is set to 0 ° and the tilt angle β is set to 0 °. Is disposed substantially parallel to the ground G, so that the angle cylinder 26 is higher than the left arm portion 22A of the arm 22 even if the rod portion 26B side of the angle cylinder 26 is lowered due to a large angle operation or tilt operation. Can be maintained in position.

  As a result, the angle cylinder 26 can be disposed at a position higher than the arm 22 at all times, so that it is possible to prevent rocks, earth and sand from colliding with the angle cylinder 26 during work, the life of the angle cylinder 26, workability, etc. Can be improved.

  In the embodiment, a configuration in which the angle cylinder 26 is disposed on the left side of the soil removal device 21 and the tilt cylinder 27 is disposed on the right side of the soil removal device 21 as viewed from the operator seated on the driver's seat 12 will be described as an example. did. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the angle cylinder 26 may be disposed on the right side of the soil removal device 21 and the tilt cylinder 27 may be disposed on the left side of the soil removal device 21.

  Further, in the embodiment, the case where the earth discharging device 21 is applied to the hydraulic excavator 1 including the canopy 14 that covers the upper side of the driver's seat 12 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a hydraulic excavator including a cab box that covers the periphery of the driver's seat 12.

  Further, in the embodiment, the crawler type hydraulic excavator 1 has been described as an example of the construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the earth discharging device according to the present embodiment is applied to other construction machines such as a bulldozer. 21 can also be applied.

It is a front view which shows the hydraulic excavator provided with the earth discharging apparatus by embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which expands and shows the lower traveling body and earth removal apparatus in FIG. It is a front view which expands and shows a soil removal apparatus. It is a disassembled perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows a soil removal apparatus. It is a top view which shows the earth removal apparatus of the state which carried out angle operation | movement and retracted the left side of the blade with a part of lower traveling body. It is the rear view which looked at the braid | blade from the back side. It is a rear view which shows the braid | blade of the state which tilted and lowered | hung the left side. It is a top view which shows the earth removal apparatus of the state which swung the left side of the braid | blade to the back side and the lower side with a part of lower traveling body. It is a front view which shows the earth removal apparatus of the state which swung the left side of the braid | blade largely to the back side and the lower side.

Explanation of symbols

1 Excavator (construction machine)
2 Lower traveling body (car body)
4 Upper swing body (car body)
6 Track frame 12 Driver's seat 21 Earth removal device 22 Arm 23 Swivel pin (blade mounting position)
24 Blade 25 Elevating cylinder 26 Angle cylinder 27 Tilt cylinder A, A 'Elevating direction B, B' Angle operating method C, C 'Tilt operating method α Angle angle β Tilt angle G Ground OO Straight axis LL Angle cylinder center axis

Claims (3)

An arm whose base end side is attached to the vehicle body of the construction machine so as to be movable up and down, a blade attached to the distal end side of the arm, and a blade attachment position with respect to the arm provided between the arm and the blade. An angle cylinder that swings the blade forward and backward, and a tilt cylinder that is provided between the arm and the blade and swings the blade up and down around the blade mounting position. In the soil removal equipment for construction machinery,
The angle cylinder is disposed on the left side of the blade mounting position as viewed from the operator seated on the driver's seat on the left side of the vehicle body, and the tilt cylinder is located in the left and right directions with respect to the angle cylinder across the blade mounting position. A soil removal device for a construction machine, characterized in that it is arranged on the right side, which is the opposite side. The angle cylinder contacts the ground when the blade is grounded on a flat ground, the blade is disposed at a right angle to the straight direction of the construction machine, and the blade is disposed parallel to the ground. The soil removal device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to each other. The soil removal apparatus for a construction machine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the tilt cylinder is arranged above the blade mounting position.

Images