JP4411821B2 - Energy absorber - Google Patents

Description

【Technical field】
[0001]
The present invention relates to a device that absorbs the energy of a flow.
[Background]
[0002]
There are no practical examples of water turbines or wind turbines composed of blades that translate. In order to put the device shown in Document 1 and Document 2 (hereinafter referred to as the original device) into practical use, it functions as a device such as measures against bending of the blade drive cable and reliable setting of the attitude angle with respect to the flow of the blade. Various measures are necessary to make it happen. Hereinafter, the apparatus of claim 1 is referred to as the present apparatus.
[Patent Document 1]
5-12700
[Patent Document 1]
JP 10-061598
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0003]
When a plurality of parallel shafts (rotating shafts) are installed almost vertically, in the original device, a large number of blades 2 are connected by a drive cable 4 such as a chain (hereinafter represented by a chain). The chain bends due to its weight. As for the bending of the chain, the blade and the sprocket that meshes with the chain (hereinafter referred to as the main sprocket 5) in the blade direction changing rotary portion 21 are not properly meshed, and the transmission efficiency of the force from the chain to the main sprocket is reduced. Comes off the sprocket. Therefore, a device for keeping the positional relationship between the chain and the main sprocket properly is necessary. This bend is caused by installing the load bearing 6 on the side of the chain or on the lower shaft 20 of the blade and sliding it on the load receiving plate 7, or by replacing the 7 with a plurality of rollers. It can suppress by sliding. Furthermore, the bending of the chain is reduced by adding buoyancy to the blade itself by, for example, filling the blade with a material that can obtain buoyancy, such as the foam material 9. In practice, these methods are used alone or in combination.
[0004]
Since the performance of the device is determined by the blade pitch angle (the angle formed between the blade chord and the flow direction), it is necessary to reliably set the required pitch angle. Since the blade is swept away in the direction of flow, the value is different from the pitch angle set in the absence of flow. When the pitch angle is controlled only by the tension of the chain, the chain is excessively tensioned, making it difficult to transmit power to the sprocket or from the sprocket to the chain. Generally, the chain tension needs to be set slightly loose. Also, since many flows fluctuate, the tension also fluctuates and the blade position cannot be determined, and as a result, the blade pitch angle is not fixed. Therefore, it is necessary to reliably determine the chain position by supporting the chain or blade upper shaft 10 and the lower shaft 20 with the deformation suppressing plate 11. When the deformation suppressing plate is used, wear occurs because the chain and the shafts 10 and 20 of the blade slide. In order to reduce wear as much as possible, a movable plate 12 that can rotate the deformation suppressing plate itself in parallel with the movement of the chain is installed, or a bearing 18 is mounted on the blade shaft to reduce friction between the bearing and the deformation suppressing plate. Alternatively, a magnetic repulsive force by a permanent magnet or the like is applied to the deformation suppression plate and the blade shaft so as to make no contact and eliminate friction itself.
[0005]
When the deformation suppressing plate 11 is not provided, the chain bears the force generated by the blade, and as a result, it is transmitted concentrated on the rotating shaft 13. Since the large force generated by multiple blades is transmitted to the housing 24 via 13, a high strength durability is required for the bearing portion. However, by combining 11 and 24, the large force generated by the blade is dispersed. Therefore, the strength requirement for the frame structure can be relaxed.
[0006]
It is necessary to reduce the wear of the sliding portion between the pitch angle control handle 16 and the handle guide plate 17 as much as possible. Similar to the movable plate 12 of the above-mentioned 0004, the handle guide plate itself is installed with a movable plate that moves and rotates in the same direction as the handle, or the handle 16 and the handle guide plate 17 are repelled by a magnetic force as in the above-mentioned 0004. Use it for non-contact, or attach a bearing 18 to the handle to minimize the frictional force when sliding. If the blade shafts 10 and 20 are installed at the pressure center position of the blade, the moment applied to the pitch angle control handle 16 can be reduced. In this case, since the friction due to sliding is small, the bearing can be omitted, and the magnetic force required when using the magnetic force may be small.
[0007]
In order to maximize the performance of the device, it is necessary to be able to set the pitch angle optimally. For that purpose, the pitch angle of the upstream side and the downstream side can be set independently, or generally the flow speed varies depending on the location, so if a different pitch angle can be set partially, higher performance of the device can be derived. Can do. For this purpose, the handle guide groove 14 for determining the position of the pitch angle control handle 16 or the handle guide plate 17 comprising two plates (hereinafter referred to as a guide plate) is divided into two or more than two divided parts. Can be moved independently. In the case of two divisions, the handle guide plate 17 is divided at the portion where the blade changes direction, and the elastic plate 15 is connected to each other so that the pitch angle control handle can be smoothly moved between the divided guide plates. The elastic plate is fixed on one side of the divided guide plate and slides on the other side. Alternatively, a telescopic arrangement is adopted so that one moves in the other guide plate instead of the elastic plate. Moreover, in order to set the pitch angle partially, the guide plate is divided at a necessary portion, and each divided guide plate is moved independently by connecting each other with an elastic plate as in the case of two divisions. be able to.
[0008]
In the original apparatus, if the guide plate 17 for controlling the blade pitch angle is used, the large pitch angle of the blade (when the blade chord is parallel to the flow direction, the pitch angle is set to 0 degree) can be almost determined. The angle setting accuracy of each blade is deteriorated. This makes it difficult to stop the movement of the blade by reducing the force generated by the blade to zero. Therefore, it is necessary to reliably determine the pitch angle near the pitch angle of 0 degrees. For this purpose, the pitch angle control handle 16 in the pitch handle guide groove 14 is coupled with a handle coupling cord 19 such as a chain (hereinafter represented by a chain) to shift the pitch angle of all blades from around 0 degrees to a larger angle. It can be done reliably. When there is no 14, the fluctuation of the flowing water becomes the fluctuation of the force generated by the blade, and the influence reaches the pitch arm and the pitch angle changes.
[0009]
By adopting a structure (FIG. 11) using a metal shell 46 that can telescopically expand and contract as the structure 46 of the present apparatus, it is possible to cope with a flow having an arbitrary width.
【Example】
[0010]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an original apparatus. Although the above description is based on horizontal installation, the apparatus using the present invention can also be used in vertical installation.
[Industrial applicability]
[0011]
With this device, a rectangular windmill, water turbine or pump that has not yet been put into practical use can be realized. Conventional hydroelectric power generation is a method of concentrating hydro energy by using a dam and utilizing a flow with high energy density, but by using a rectangular water wheel, the energy of that energy is concentrated without concentrating the flow with low energy density. Can be absorbed, and a large-diameter pump is possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[0012]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the apparatus. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of carrying out the present invention for suppressing vertical deflection of a blade driving rope by using a bearing. FIG. 3 provides the blade with buoyancy to alleviate the bending of the driving rope. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for implementing the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for implementing the present invention in which the blade shaft is constrained in the flow direction by a deformation suppressing plate to determine the position of the blade. FIG. 5 is a load instead of the bearing of FIG. FIG. 6 illustrates the present invention in which the receiving plate rotates. FIG. 6 illustrates the present invention in which the blade shaft is provided with a bearing for reducing the frictional force between the deformation suppressing plate and the blade shaft in FIG. [Fig. 8] An explanatory diagram of the present invention in which the force generated by the blade flows through the housing of the apparatus. [Fig. 8] An explanatory diagram of the present invention in which different blade pitch angles can be set on the upstream side and the downstream side. [Fig. 9] Handle for setting the blade pitch angle FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of carrying out the present invention in which a handle is provided with a bearing to reduce the frictional force with the handle guide plate. FIG. 10 is a pitch angle control handle for setting the blade pitch angle from 0 ° to a large angle. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the telescopic structure in which the structure can be expanded and contracted.
[0013]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 This apparatus 2 Blade 4 Blade drive line 5 Main sprocket 6 Load receiving bearing 7 Load receiving plate 8 Positioning sprocket 9 Foam material 10 Blade upper shaft 11 Deformation suppressing plate 12 Movable plate 13 Main sprocket shaft 14 Pitch angle control handle guide Groove 15 Elastic plate 16 connecting the divided guide plate abutment Pitch angle control handle 17 Pitch angle control handle guide plate 18 Bearing 19 Pitch angle control handle connecting cord 20 Blade lower shaft 21 Blade direction changing rotating portion 22 Blade Translation unit 23 Partition plate 24 Case of the device 32 Blade negative pitch angle state 33 Generator 37 Device housing 38 Connecting plate 40 Forward flow direction 41 Reverse flow direction 42 Blade traveling direction 44 Chain 45 Dispersion sprocket 46 Sheath metal fitting 47 Rack Pinion 48 Flow direction detector 49 Wo Worm gear 50 motor

Claims (1)

A plurality of straight rectangular wings (blades) arranged in parallel to a plurality of parallel shafts and connected by a driving cable translate between the parallel shafts, rotate around the shaft and change direction, and the blades are subjected to water flow and wind. The blades move in an endless track around all parallel axes by the force generated by the blades by having the flow direction and angle of the medium, or move the blades in the medium by applying power to one of the parallel axes. An apparatus for generating a flow in a medium, comprising the following means:
(1) When the parallel shaft is arranged in a nearly vertical state, the deflection of the driving cable due to the weight of the blade and the blade driving cable is caused to slide on a plane parallel to the driving cable while maintaining a certain distance, or the buoyancy of the blade To suppress bending.
(2) Deformation of the drive cable in the flow direction is controlled by sliding a rolling wheel such as a bearing on the blade shaft along the deformation suppression plate or by rotating the deformation suppression plate, or by suppressing the deformation of the drive cable. The suppression plate is repelled by electromagnetic force to make it non-contact.
(3) The deformation suppressing plate and the casing supporting the plurality of parallel shafts are coupled, and the force generated by the blade is dispersed and transmitted to the casing.
(4) The handle for controlling the pitch angle of the blade is received by a rotating guide plate, or the handle and the guide plate are repelled by electromagnetic force so as not to contact each other.
(5) The guide groove or guide plate of the handle that controls the blade pitch angle can be divided into two parts, which can be controlled independently on the upstream side and downstream side, or the number of divisions can be increased to make the blade pitch angle locally variable. In some cases, the divided guide grooves are joined by a slidable elastic plate.
(6) The pitch angle control handle in the handle guide groove is connected with a rope so that the blade pitch angle can be surely shifted from near 0 ° to a large angle.
(7) The casing that supports a plurality of parallel axes has a telescopic structure.