JP2014058944A - Water power generator - Google Patents

Water power generator Download PDF

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JP2014058944A
JP2014058944A JP2012205640A JP2012205640A JP2014058944A JP 2014058944 A JP2014058944 A JP 2014058944A JP 2012205640 A JP2012205640 A JP 2012205640A JP 2012205640 A JP2012205640 A JP 2012205640A JP 2014058944 A JP2014058944 A JP 2014058944A
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water
support shaft
supported
power generation
water wheel
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Hisashi Fujibayashi
久士 藤林
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Eco holdings co Ltd
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Eco holdings co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water power generator that is easily installed even in an opened water channel in which a water level fluctuates, and can stable water power generation.SOLUTION: A water power generator includes: a water turbine 3 that is floated and supported in a freely vertical movable manner along a constant path in a state where part of a lower half side is immersed in a flowing water surface; a support shaft 8 that bears the water turbine 3 around a shaft center y in a horizontal direction in a freely rotatable manner; and a dynamo mechanism 5 that is rotatably driven by rotation of the water turbine 3.

Description

本発明は、開放された水路に装備可能な小型の水力発電装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a small hydroelectric generator that can be installed in an open waterway.

小型の水力発電装置としては、軸流型の発電機構を備えたものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１，２）。
特開２００３−２１４３０９号公報 特開２００４−２５７３３０号公報 As a small-sized hydroelectric power generation device, one having an axial flow type power generation mechanism is known (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
JP 2003-214309 A JP 2004-257330 A

上記水力発電装置は、管内を流動する流水を利用するものであり、水位が変動する開放された水路などには利用することが難しいものであった。   The hydroelectric power generator uses flowing water flowing in the pipe, and is difficult to use for an open channel where the water level fluctuates.

本発明は、このような実情に着目してなされたものであって、水位が変動する開放された水路などにおいても簡単に設置して安定した水力発電を行うことができるようにすることを目的としている。   The present invention has been made paying attention to such a situation, and an object thereof is to enable easy installation and stable hydropower generation even in an open water channel or the like in which the water level fluctuates. It is said.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明では次のように構成している。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows.

（１）本発明に係る水力発電装置は、流動する水面に下半側の一部が浸漬された状態で一定経路に沿って自由上下動可能に浮上支持され、水路の水位変動に応じて自重追従して上下動する水車と、前記水車を横向きの軸心周りに回転自在に支承する支軸と、前記水車の回転によって回転駆動される発電機機構とを備えてあることを特徴とする。   (1) The hydroelectric power generator according to the present invention is levitated and supported so as to freely move up and down along a fixed path in a state where a part of the lower half is immersed in the flowing water surface, and its own weight according to the fluctuation of the water level in the water channel A water wheel that moves up and down following the wheel, a support shaft that rotatably supports the water wheel around a horizontal axis, and a generator mechanism that is rotationally driven by the rotation of the water wheel are provided.

この構成によると、水路の水位が変動しても水車は自重および浮力によって水位に追従し、常に水車の下半部を浸漬した状態に維持することができ、水位の変動に拘わらず安定した発電を行うことができる。   According to this configuration, even if the water level in the water channel fluctuates, the water turbine follows the water level due to its own weight and buoyancy, and the lower half of the water wheel can always be kept immersed. It can be performed.

（２）本発明の好ましい実施態様では、前記水車を、流水上に浮上する密閉中空体に構成してある。   (2) In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water wheel is configured as a sealed hollow body that floats on running water.

この構成によると、水車自体がフロートとして機能し、専用のフロートを要することのない簡素な構造で水車の浸漬深さを安定維持することができる。   According to this configuration, the water wheel itself functions as a float, and the immersion depth of the water wheel can be stably maintained with a simple structure that does not require a dedicated float.

（３）本発明の他の実施態様においては、前記支軸を回転不能とし、前記発電機構を構成するマグネットおよびコイルステータの一方を前記支軸に連結支持し、中空に構成された水車の内部にマグネットおよびコイルステータの他方を支持してある。   (3) In another embodiment of the present invention, the support shaft is made non-rotatable, and one of a magnet and a coil stator constituting the power generation mechanism is connected to and supported by the support shaft, and the interior of the water turbine configured hollow The other of the magnet and the coil stator is supported.

この構成によると、発電機構を水車に内装することができ、装置全体の小型化に有効となる。   According to this configuration, the power generation mechanism can be installed in the water turbine, which is effective for downsizing the entire apparatus.

（４）本発明の他の実施態様においては、前記支軸を、固定の支点を中心に上下揺動する支持アームの遊端部に支持してある。   (4) In another embodiment of the present invention, the support shaft is supported by a free end portion of a support arm that swings up and down around a fixed fulcrum.

この構成によると、支持アームの揺動によって水車を一定経路に沿って円滑に上下移動させることができ、流水の水位変動に追従して水車を的確に上下動させることができる。   According to this configuration, the water wheel can be smoothly moved up and down along a fixed path by swinging the support arm, and the water wheel can be accurately moved up and down following the fluctuation of the water level of the running water.

このように、本発明によれば、開放された水路に簡単に設置して水力発電を行うことができるとともに、特に水量変動によって水位が変化しても水車を常に適切に流水に浸漬させて所望の発電を安定よく行うことができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform hydroelectric power generation by simply installing in an open water channel, and even if the water level changes due to fluctuations in the amount of water in particular, the water turbine is always properly immersed in running water as desired. Power generation can be performed stably.

本発明に係る水力発電装置の側面図である。1 is a side view of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention. 水力発電装置の縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view of a hydroelectric generator. 水車自由上下動手段の別実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows another Example of a waterwheel free vertical motion means. 別実施例の概略を示す縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view which shows the outline of another Example. 図４におけるＡ−Ａ断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing in FIG. 発電機構駆動形態の実施例の概略を示す縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view which shows the outline of the Example of an electric power generation mechanism drive form. 発電機構駆動形態の実施例の概略を示す縦断正面図である。It is a vertical front view which shows the outline of the Example of an electric power generation mechanism drive form.

以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１および図２に、本発明に係る水力発電装置１を開放された水路２に設置した例が示されている。この水力発電装置１は、密閉されたドラム形の中空体に形成されるとともに、外周に多数の羽根３ａを備えた水車３と、この水車３を横向きの軸心ｙ周りに回転自在に軸支して上下揺動する左右一対の支持アーム４と、水車３の内部に組み込まれた発電機構５とで構成されている。   FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example in which a hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present invention is installed in an open water channel 2. The hydroelectric generator 1 is formed in a hermetically sealed drum-shaped hollow body, and includes a water turbine 3 having a large number of blades 3a on its outer periphery, and the water turbine 3 rotatably supported around a horizontal axis y. Thus, it is composed of a pair of left and right support arms 4 that swings up and down, and a power generation mechanism 5 incorporated in the water wheel 3.

水路２の両脇に設置固定した支持台６に亘って支点軸７が水平に横架固定され、この支点軸７に支持アーム４の基端部が支点軸心ｘ周りに上下揺動可能に遊嵌され、左右の支持アーム４の遊端部に亘って水平に連結固定された中空の支軸８に、水車３がベアリング９を介して回転可能に支承されている。   A fulcrum shaft 7 is horizontally fixed across a support base 6 installed and fixed on both sides of the water channel 2, and the base end portion of the support arm 4 can swing up and down around the fulcrum axis x on the fulcrum shaft 7. The water turbine 3 is rotatably supported via a bearing 9 on a hollow support shaft 8 that is loosely fitted and horizontally connected and fixed across the free end portions of the left and right support arms 4.

発電機構５は、支軸８に装着固定されたコイルステータ１０と、水車３の内周に取り付けられてコイルステータ１０に小間隔をもって対向するよう配備されたたマグネット１１とで構成され、水車３の回転によってコイルステータ１０に発生した電気を支軸８、および、支持アーム４の内部に挿通配備した電線１２を介して取り出すよう構成されている。   The power generation mechanism 5 includes a coil stator 10 that is attached and fixed to the support shaft 8, and a magnet 11 that is attached to the inner periphery of the water turbine 3 and is disposed so as to face the coil stator 10 with a small gap. The electricity generated in the coil stator 10 due to the rotation is taken out via the support shaft 8 and the electric wire 12 inserted and arranged inside the support arm 4.

本発明の水力発電装置１は以上のように構成されており、水車３を水路２の流水に自重で浸漬させることで、水車３に作用する流動圧と浮力が、水車３および支持アーム４の重量による下降力と均衡して、水車３はその下半部が流水に浸漬した状態に維持され、流水によって水車３が回転されることで発電がなされる。   The hydroelectric generator 1 according to the present invention is configured as described above, and the hydrodynamic pressure and buoyancy acting on the water turbine 3 are reduced by the water turbine 3 and the support arm 4 by immersing the water turbine 3 in the flowing water of the water channel 2 by its own weight. In balance with the descent force due to weight, the water turbine 3 is maintained in a state where its lower half is immersed in running water, and power is generated by rotating the water turbine 3 by running water.

そして、水路２の水位が変化しても、水車３は自重および浮力によって水面に追従して上下動し、常に水車３の下半部が流水に浸漬した状態がもたらされて、的確に回転作動する。   And even if the water level of the water channel 2 changes, the water turbine 3 moves up and down following the water surface by its own weight and buoyancy, and the state where the lower half of the water turbine 3 is always immersed in the flowing water is brought about to rotate accurately. Operate.

〔他の実施例〕
本発明は、以下のような形態で実施することもできる。 [Other Examples]
The present invention can also be implemented in the following forms.

（１）上記実施例では、水路２に１台の水力発電装置１を配備した場合を示したが、水路２の幅が広い場合には、水路２の全幅に亘って横架した支点軸７に複数台の水力発電装置１を装着支持した形態で実施することもできる。   (1) In the above-described embodiment, the case where one hydroelectric generator 1 is arranged in the water channel 2 is shown. However, when the width of the water channel 2 is wide, the fulcrum shaft 7 that is horizontally mounted over the entire width of the water channel 2. It is also possible to implement a configuration in which a plurality of hydroelectric generators 1 are mounted and supported.

（２）上記実施例の発電機構５は、固定の支軸８に取り付けたコイルステータ１０に対して、水車３の内周に取り付けたマグネット１１を回転させているが、逆に、支軸８にマグネット１１を装着し、水車３の内周にコイルステータ１０を装着して、固定のマグネット１１に対してコイルステータ１０を回転させる形態とすることもできる。この場合、回転するコールステータ１０で発生した電気の取り出しには導電ブラシが必要となる。   (2) The power generation mechanism 5 of the above embodiment rotates the magnet 11 attached to the inner periphery of the water turbine 3 with respect to the coil stator 10 attached to the fixed support shaft 8. Alternatively, the magnet 11 may be attached to the inner periphery of the water turbine 3, and the coil stator 10 may be attached to the inner periphery of the water turbine 3 to rotate the coil stator 10 relative to the fixed magnet 11. In this case, a conductive brush is required to extract electricity generated in the rotating call stator 10.

（３）水車３を水位の変動に応じて追従上下動させる構造としては、上記のように揺動する支持アーム４を利用する他に種々の手段を利用することもでき、例えば、図３に示すように、水車３を遊転自在に支承した支軸８の両端部を左右の支持枠１３に連結支架するとともに、この支持枠１３を、固定配備される縦筒状の案内枠１４にローラ１５群を介して一定姿勢で昇降可能に支持することで、水車３を水位に追従して一定経路に沿って上下移動させることもできる。また、支持枠１３を一定経路に沿って上下動させる手段としては、伸縮スライドベアリングやパンタグラフなどを利用することもできる。   (3) As a structure for moving the water turbine 3 up and down following the fluctuation of the water level, various means can be used in addition to the support arm 4 that swings as described above. As shown, both ends of a support shaft 8 that supports the water turbine 3 so as to freely rotate are connected to the left and right support frames 13, and the support frame 13 is fixed to a vertical cylindrical guide frame 14 that is fixedly arranged. By supporting the group 15 so as to be movable up and down in a constant posture, the water wheel 3 can be moved up and down along a fixed path following the water level. In addition, as a means for moving the support frame 13 up and down along a certain path, an expansion / contraction slide bearing, a pantograph, or the like can be used.

（４）発電機構５の出力を高めるには、コイルステータ１０とマグネット１１とを高速で相対回転させることが望ましく、その手段として、例えば、図４，図５に示すように、マグネット１１を内周に備えた内部ロータ１６を支軸８に回転自在に遊嵌し、水車３の内周に設けた大径の内歯ギヤ１７と内部ロータ１６に連結した中心ギヤと１８を、支軸８に連結した固定支持板１９に軸支した中間ギヤ２０を介して咬合連動することで、水車３の回転を増速して内部ロータ１６に伝達して、発電機構５における出力を高めることができる。   (4) In order to increase the output of the power generation mechanism 5, it is desirable to relatively rotate the coil stator 10 and the magnet 11 at a high speed. For example, as shown in FIGS. An inner rotor 16 provided around the circumference is freely loosely fitted to the support shaft 8, and a large-diameter internal gear 17 provided on the inner periphery of the water turbine 3 and a central gear 18 connected to the inner rotor 16 are connected to the support shaft 8. The rotation of the water turbine 3 is accelerated and transmitted to the internal rotor 16 by interlocking with each other via the intermediate gear 20 that is pivotally supported by the fixed support plate 19 that is connected to the power, and the output in the power generation mechanism 5 can be increased. .

（５）上記実施例では、中空構造の水車３の内部に発電機構５を組み込んだ場合を例示しているが、発電機構５を外部に固定配備することもできる。例えば、図６に示すように、水車３を支軸８に連結固定するとともに、支軸８を支持アーム４の遊端部に回転自在に支承し、かつ、支軸８の一端と、支持アーム４の基端部に回転自在に配備した支点軸７とを、中空構造の支持アーム４に収容したチェーンや歯付きベルトなどの巻掛け連動機構２１で連動連結し、支点軸７を外付けの発電機構５に連動連結することで、水車３を水位変動に応じて上下動させながら水路外において固定配備した発電機構５で発電することもできる。また、図７に示すように、前記巻掛け連動機構２１に代えて、ベベルギヤ２２と伝動軸２３を利用して支軸８と支点軸７とを連動連結することもできる。この場合、支点軸７と発電機構５との間にギヤ式の増速機構を介在させることで、発電効率を一層高めることができる。   (5) In the above embodiment, the case where the power generation mechanism 5 is incorporated inside the hollow turbine 3 is illustrated, but the power generation mechanism 5 can be fixedly arranged outside. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the water turbine 3 is connected and fixed to the support shaft 8, the support shaft 8 is rotatably supported on the free end portion of the support arm 4, and one end of the support shaft 8 and the support arm are supported. The fulcrum shaft 7 rotatably disposed at the base end portion of the arm 4 is interlocked by a winding interlock mechanism 21 such as a chain or a toothed belt accommodated in the support arm 4 having a hollow structure, and the fulcrum shaft 7 is externally attached. By interlocking connection with the power generation mechanism 5, it is possible to generate power with the power generation mechanism 5 fixedly arranged outside the water channel while moving the water wheel 3 up and down according to the fluctuation of the water level. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the support shaft 8 and the fulcrum shaft 7 can be interlocked and connected using a bevel gear 22 and a transmission shaft 23 instead of the winding interlocking mechanism 21. In this case, power generation efficiency can be further improved by interposing a gear type speed increasing mechanism between the fulcrum shaft 7 and the power generation mechanism 5.

（６）水車３で発生するの浮力に対して水車およびこれと共に上下動する部材の重量が大きい場合には、バランスバネやバランスウエイトで支持アーム４に上向きに適度の揺動付勢力を付加して、水車３の下半部が流水に浸漬するようにするとよい。この場合、バランスバネやバランスウエイトによって付加される上方付勢力を調節可能に構成すると、水車の浸漬深さを加減することが可能となる。   (6) When the weight of the water wheel and the member that moves up and down together with the buoyancy generated in the water wheel 3 is large, an appropriate swinging biasing force is applied upward to the support arm 4 with a balance spring or a balance weight. Thus, the lower half of the water turbine 3 is preferably immersed in running water. In this case, if the upward biasing force applied by the balance spring or the balance weight is configured to be adjustable, the immersion depth of the water turbine can be adjusted.

（７）上記実施例では、水車３自体の浮力を利用して浸漬深さを安定させるものとしているが、浮力を発生させる専用のフロートを支持アーム４の遊端側適所に備える形態で実施することも可能である。この場合、フロートは浮力を発生させる任意の形状のものにすることができるとともに、水車３を流水によって効率よく回転する任意の形態とすることも可能となる。   (7) In the above embodiment, the immersion depth is stabilized by using the buoyancy of the water turbine 3 itself. However, a dedicated float for generating buoyancy is provided in an appropriate position on the free end side of the support arm 4. It is also possible. In this case, the float can be of any shape that generates buoyancy, and the water turbine 3 can be of any form that efficiently rotates with running water.

（８）本発明の水力発電装置１は、基本的には水路２の水流を利用するものであるが、この水力発電装置１を船舶の側部などに装備して、航行に伴って船体の側部で後方に流れる水流を利用して発電することも可能である。   (8) The hydroelectric generator 1 of the present invention basically uses the water flow of the water channel 2, but the hydroelectric generator 1 is mounted on the side of the ship and the hull is It is also possible to generate electricity using a water stream that flows backward at the side.

１ 水力発電装置
２ 水路
３ 水車
４ 支持アーム
５ 発電機構
７ 支点軸
８ 支軸
１０ コイルステータ
１１ マグネット
ｘ 支点軸心
ｙ 軸心 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroelectric power generation device 2 Water channel 3 Water wheel 4 Support arm 5 Power generation mechanism 7 Support shaft 8 Support shaft 10 Coil stator 11 Magnet x Support shaft center y Center

Claims (4)

流動する水面に下半側の一部が浸漬された状態で一定経路に沿って自由上下動可能に浮上支持され、水路の水位変動に応じて自重追従して上下動する水車と、
前記水車を横向きの軸心周りに回転自在に支承する支軸と、
前記水車の回転によって回転駆動される発電機機構とを備えてある、
ことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 A water wheel that is floated and supported so as to freely move up and down along a fixed path in a state where a part of the lower half is immersed in the flowing water surface, and moves up and down following its own weight according to the water level fluctuation of the water channel,
A support shaft for rotatably supporting the water wheel around a lateral axis;
A generator mechanism that is rotationally driven by the rotation of the water wheel,
A hydroelectric generator characterized by that. 前記水車を、流水上に浮上する密閉中空体に構成してある、
請求項１に記載の水力発電装置。 The water wheel is configured as a sealed hollow body that floats on running water.
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1. 前記支軸を固定し、前記発電機構を構成するマグネットおよびコイルステータの一方を前記支軸に連結支持し、中空に構成された水車の内部にマグネットおよびコイルステータの他方を支持してある、
請求項１または２に記載の水力発電装置。 The support shaft is fixed, one of the magnet and the coil stator constituting the power generation mechanism is connected to and supported by the support shaft, and the other of the magnet and the coil stator is supported inside a hollow water wheel.
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2. 前記支軸を、固定の支点を中心に上下揺動する支持アームの遊端部に支持してある、
請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載の水力発電装置。 The support shaft is supported on a free end portion of a support arm that swings up and down around a fixed fulcrum.
The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
JP2012205640A 2012-09-19 2012-09-19 Water power generator Pending JP2014058944A (en)

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