JP4411396B2 - Sediment retaining wall structure - Google Patents

Sediment retaining wall structure Download PDF

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JP4411396B2
JP4411396B2 JP2005289859A JP2005289859A JP4411396B2 JP 4411396 B2 JP4411396 B2 JP 4411396B2 JP 2005289859 A JP2005289859 A JP 2005289859A JP 2005289859 A JP2005289859 A JP 2005289859A JP 4411396 B2 JP4411396 B2 JP 4411396B2
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wall
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retaining wall
slope
wire
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光二 栗原
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光二 栗原
株式会社国土再生研究所
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本発明は、道路脇斜面や傾斜地の補強を行うための段切り工事方法における盛土部、あるいは一般的な盛土端部に設ける土砂擁壁構造体に関する。   The present invention relates to an earth and sand retaining wall structure provided at a banking part or a general banking edge part in a staging method for reinforcing roadside slopes and slopes.

山道をドライブすると、斜面にコンクリートが吹き付けられているのが見受けられる。この工法では、斜面に金属製のネット(一般に針金製ネット)を張り、直接コンクリートを吹き付けている。雨が降るとコンクリート面の外から地面に水が染み込み、土に浮力を生じさせるだけでなく、吹き付けられたコンクリートの背後からの圧力となって斜面の崩壊につながるために、コンクリート壁の所々に排水管を取り付けて、水抜きを行っている。しかし、この工法では斜面がコンクリートで覆われるために、斜面に植物が生えず、環境に悪影響を及ぼすだけでなく、時が経つに従って強度が落ち、集中豪雨などの大雨に対して強度が不足するという欠点を持っている。   When you drive on the mountain road, you can see concrete being sprayed on the slope. In this method, a metal net (generally a wire net) is attached to the slope and concrete is sprayed directly. When it rains, water soaks into the ground from outside the concrete surface, creating buoyancy in the soil, and also causing pressure from behind the sprayed concrete, leading to slope collapse. A drain pipe is attached to drain water. However, because this method is covered with concrete, the slope is not planted, and it not only has an adverse effect on the environment, but the strength declines over time and the strength is insufficient for heavy rain such as torrential rain. Has the disadvantages.

そこで近年では、段切り工法によるグリーンベンチ工法が用いられるようになってきている。段切り工法とは傾斜地に造られる段々畑や棚田のような工事方法で、斜面を階段状に切り開き、切り開かれた段差底面前方に壁体を建て、壁体と斜面背壁との間にできる空間に土を埋め戻し、埋め戻した地面表面に植物を植えて地面の補強を行うというものである。丸太や金属製パイプ材などの支柱を立てて壁を造るが、これだけでは埋め戻し土の圧力や雨水や湧き水の圧力に十分に耐えられるものとなっていないので、壁体を補強するために土砂擁壁構造体(アンカーまたはアンカーボルトともいう)が使われている。   Therefore, in recent years, a green bench method by a step cutting method has been used. The step-cutting method is a construction method such as terraced fields and terraced rice fields that are built on sloping ground. The slope is cut into a staircase, and a wall is built in front of the bottom of the stepped part. The space is created between the wall and the slope back wall. The soil is backfilled and plants are planted on the backfilled ground surface to reinforce the ground. Walls are built by standing up posts such as logs and metal pipes, but this alone is not enough to withstand the pressure of backfilling soil and the pressure of rainwater and spring water. Retaining wall structures (also called anchors or anchor bolts) are used.

図1は、グリーンベンチ工法での土砂擁壁構造体の例を斜視図にしたものである(壁体については骨格のみを描写してあるが、全体構造はもう少し複雑)。傾斜地9が段切りによって切り開かれ、段切り底面903前方に壁体1が建てられる。図では水平梁110は2本にしてあるが、実際には2本以上(通常3〜10本)が普通である。垂直梁100は100aと100b、100cと100dがペアになり、土砂擁壁構造体2の連結部材290の先端部(図2の291部分)を挟む形で立てられている。図2は上部から見た平面図で、土砂擁壁構造体2が壁体1を支えるために、垂直梁100の前方に先端部291の先が飛び出していて、キャップ290c(支持金具)を取り付け、ナット290nで固定する形態になっている。なお、連結部材290は鉄製の棒で、図1のように4本の垂直梁を1本の土砂擁壁構造体2で支える場合には、連結部材の先端部291は、連結ボルト210に連結するために折れ曲がっている。また連結ボルト210の他端は固定ボルト200と連結している。固定ボルトの全体あるいは一部は段切り残土部901(地盤)に埋められ、固定されている。最終的には壁体1、段切り底面903、段切り斜面902、段切り中間面901、段切り斜面900で形成される空間は土で埋め戻され、新たにできる埋立平面に植物が植えられる。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a sediment retaining wall structure in the green bench method (only the skeleton is depicted for the wall, but the overall structure is a little more complicated). The slope 9 is cut open by step cutting, and the wall 1 is built in front of the step bottom 903. In the figure, the number of horizontal beams 110 is two, but in reality, two or more (usually 3 to 10) are common. The vertical beam 100 is a pair of 100a and 100b, 100c and 100d, and is erected in such a manner as to sandwich the distal end portion (291 portion in FIG. 2) of the connecting member 290 of the earth-and-sand retaining wall structure 2. Fig. 2 is a plan view seen from above, and the tip of the tip 291 protrudes in front of the vertical beam 100 so that the earth and sand retaining wall structure 2 supports the wall 1, and a cap 290c (support bracket) is attached. The nut 290n is fixed. The connecting member 290 is an iron bar, and when the four vertical beams are supported by one earth and sand retaining wall structure 2 as shown in FIG. Bent to do. The other end of the connecting bolt 210 is connected to the fixing bolt 200. The whole or a part of the fixing bolt is buried and fixed in the stepped residual soil portion 901 (ground). Eventually, the space formed by the wall body 1, the stepped bottom surface 903, the stepped slope 902, the stepped intermediate surface 901, and the stepped slope 900 is backfilled with soil, and plants are planted on the newly created landfill plane. .

土砂擁壁構造体の発明としては、『土留用アンカー』(特許文献1)がある。この発明においては、壁体(擁壁)とアンカーを連結する接続部材は、鋼製ネット(鋼製網)の前面より差し込む棒状部材と、これと鋼製ネットとの間に介在する支持板と、鋼製ネット背面で棒状部材と地山に固定するボルトとを自在継手状に連結する連結金具から構成されている。棒状部材とボルトには貫通孔をもつカップラーあり、環状部材を介して両者を接続することによって、自在性をもたしている。図1は特許文献1とは直接関係ないが、図1で言えば連結部材先端部291の折れ曲がっている部分に環状部材を継手として用いることによって、先端部の曲がりを自由にしている。   As an invention of the earth and sand retaining wall structure, there is “anchor for earth retaining” (Patent Document 1). In this invention, the connecting member for connecting the wall (retaining wall) and the anchor includes a rod-shaped member inserted from the front surface of the steel net (steel net), and a support plate interposed between the steel net and the steel net. It is composed of a connecting metal fitting that connects a rod-shaped member and a bolt that is fixed to a natural ground in a universal joint shape on the back surface of the steel net. The rod-shaped member and the bolt have a coupler having a through-hole, and have flexibility by connecting them through an annular member. Although FIG. 1 is not directly related to Patent Document 1, in the case of FIG. 1, the bending of the distal end portion is made free by using an annular member as a joint at the bent portion of the connecting member distal end portion 291.

『擁壁構築用アンカー』(特許文献2)では、擁壁背面に止着する取付金具(埋込部材)と、地盤内に固定するアンカー体と、これらの取付金具およびアンカー体を接続する連結金具から構成された擁壁構築用アンカー構造について述べられている。この発明の特徴は自在継手にある。すなわち継手部分(結合金具)が第一筒体と第二筒体からなり、第一筒体に接続ボルト(埋込方向が雄ネジ、反対方向の端が突起状)を貫通させて埋込部材(擁壁に取る付ける部材)につながる棒状部材の雌ネジ部分で螺着させ、さらに第二筒体を第一筒体に螺着させ、第二筒体内にナットおよびナットが外れないように突起がついた環状部材を挿入し、先端がボルト(雄ネジ)になったアンカーバーを前記ナットに螺着させて、埋込部材とアンカーバーとをつなぐ構造である。この結合金具の継手部分は両端(第一筒体の埋込部材方向および第二筒体のアンカーバー方向)がわずかに開いていて、結合金具を介して棒状部材とアンカーバーを自在に動かすことができる。これによって、棒状のアンカーが取付金具(埋込部材)と直線的でなくてもよい構造となっている。特許文献1および2は、それぞれ自在継手であることに発明の主眼がある。   In "Retaining wall construction anchor" (Patent Document 2), a mounting bracket (embedded member) that is fixed to the back surface of the retaining wall, an anchor body that is fixed in the ground, and a connection that connects these mounting bracket and anchor body. An anchor structure for constructing a retaining wall composed of metal fittings is described. A feature of the present invention is a universal joint. That is, the joint part (joint fitting) is composed of a first cylinder and a second cylinder, and a connecting bolt (a male screw in the embedding direction and a protruding end in the opposite direction) is passed through the first cylinder to embed the member. Screw in the female thread part of the rod-shaped member that leads to (the member to be attached to the retaining wall), and then screw the second cylinder into the first cylinder, and project the nut and nut so that they do not come off in the second cylinder An annular member with a mark is inserted, and an anchor bar whose tip is a bolt (male thread) is screwed onto the nut to connect the embedded member and the anchor bar. The joint part of this fitting is slightly open at both ends (in the direction of the first cylindrical member and the anchor bar in the second cylinder), and the bar and anchor bar can be moved freely through the fitting. Can do. Thus, the bar-shaped anchor does not have to be linear with the mounting bracket (embedding member). In Patent Documents 1 and 2, the main point of the invention is that each is a universal joint.

『鋼製網を用いた土留構造』(特許文献3)では、傾斜地前方に壁体(擁壁)を建てることによって土地の垂直性を確保する土留構造について述べられている。壁体は型鋼で補強された鋼製網と、鋼製網に結束ワイヤ等の締結部材を介して垂直に緊結された間伐材と、鋼製網の背面に配設する土砂流出防止材から構成されている。壁体には地山に略水平に配置されたボルト(アンカー)を鋼製網に接続金具でつなぎ、垂直性を保つように取り付けられている。これによって、間伐材が腐食したあとも鋼製網とアンカーによって土砂の垂直性が保たれる。   "Retaining structure using steel net" (Patent Document 3) describes a retaining structure that secures the verticality of land by building a wall (retaining wall) in front of an inclined land. The wall consists of a steel mesh reinforced with steel molds, thinned wood that is tightly bonded to the steel mesh via a fastening member such as a binding wire, and a material that prevents sediment from flowing out on the back of the steel mesh. Has been. Bolts (anchors), which are arranged almost horizontally on the ground, are attached to the wall body by connecting them to a steel net with connecting metal fittings so that the verticality is maintained. As a result, the verticality of the earth and sand is maintained by the steel net and anchor even after the thinned wood is corroded.

『間伐材を用いた土留構造』(特許文献4)では、植樹作業効率を高め、間伐材の積極的な有効活用を図るとともに、軽量化を実現することによって、施工箇所の適用範囲の拡大化を可能としている。壁体はコンクリート製の柱体と締結金具とを介して水平に締結された間伐材とから構成されていて、間伐材が構造材として使用期限に達したとき、締結金具を切断して新たな間伐材に取り替えることのできる構造にしている。この発明では、土留構造のアンカーは水平方向あるいはこれに極めて近い角度で、山地内に固定することを推奨している。
特開2005−127012号公報 特許第3121327号公報 特開2004−100237号公報 特開2002−81075号公報
In “Retaining structure using thinned wood” (Patent Document 4), the efficiency of tree planting work is improved, the thinned wood is actively used effectively, and the scope of construction is expanded by realizing weight reduction. Is possible. The wall is composed of concrete pillars and thinned wood that has been tightened horizontally via fasteners. When the thinned wood reaches the expiration date as a structural material, the fasteners are cut and new The structure can be replaced with thinned wood. In the present invention, it is recommended that the anchor of the earth retaining structure is fixed in the mountain region in the horizontal direction or at an angle very close to the horizontal direction.
JP 2005-127010 A Japanese Patent No. 3121327 JP 2004-100237 A JP 2002-81075 A

背景技術で見てきたように、グリーンベンチ工法では、斜面を段切りにし、段切り底面前方に壁体を建て、壁体と斜面(段切り壁面あるいは山地斜面)で出来る空間に土を盛り、新たに出来た地面に植樹を行う。グリーンベンチ工法は、従来の斜面にコンクリートを吹き付ける構造に比べて強度が強く、耐久性が高いだけでなく、環境に優しい斜面補強が行える。とくに特許文献3、4で述べられているように、間伐材を使うことによって、森の育成とその際に発生する廃材の処理を巧みに活用している。   As we have seen in the background art, in the green bench method, the slope is stepped, a wall is built in front of the bottom of the step, and soil is placed in the space formed by the wall and slope (stepped wall surface or mountain slope) Plant trees on the newly created ground. The green bench method is stronger and more durable than the conventional structure where concrete is sprayed onto the slope, and can be used for environmentally friendly slope reinforcement. In particular, as described in Patent Documents 3 and 4, the use of thinned wood makes effective use of forest growth and the treatment of waste materials generated at that time.

しかし他方、斜面を段切りしたり、壁体を構築したりしなければならないので、単に斜面にコンクリートを吹きかける旧来の方法に比べて時間と経費が掛かることも事実である。従って、出来るだけ簡易な工法で、しかも強度が保てる方法が求められている。例えば従来のアンカーの、壁体との取付部分(図1の連結部材の先端部、特許文献1の接続部材、特許文献2の取付金具<埋込部材>)は、ある程度の自在性を持たせないと、施工の手間も増えることになるだけでなく、強度の面でも劣ることになる。   However, on the other hand, it is also true that it takes time and money compared to the traditional method of simply spraying concrete onto the slope because it is necessary to cut the slope and construct a wall. Therefore, there is a demand for a method that can maintain the strength with the simplest possible construction method. For example, the attachment portion of the conventional anchor with the wall (the distal end portion of the connecting member in FIG. 1, the connecting member in Patent Document 1, the mounting bracket <embedded member> in Patent Document 2) should have a certain degree of flexibility. Otherwise, not only will the labor of construction increase, but the strength will be inferior.

例えば図1の施工方法においては、壁体の骨格をなす垂直梁を2本立て、その間を棒状の連結部材を通し、支持金具で壁体に固定している。この方法では、壁体にアンカーを連結したり、金属の棒状連結部材を連結ボルトの結合部方向に曲げたりしなければならず、工法が複雑化している。また特許文献1、2の自在継手構造のアンカーなら、前記のような棒状連結部材を曲げる必要はないが、自在継手構造が複雑であり、壁体への取付に手間が掛かるなどの問題点が、完全には解決されていない。   For example, in the construction method shown in FIG. 1, two vertical beams forming the skeleton of the wall body are erected, a bar-shaped connecting member is passed between them, and the wall body is fixed to the wall body with a support fitting. In this method, it is necessary to connect an anchor to the wall body or bend a metal rod-shaped connecting member in the direction of the connecting portion of the connecting bolt, which complicates the construction method. Further, in the case of the universal joint anchors of Patent Documents 1 and 2, there is no need to bend the rod-like connecting member as described above, but the universal joint structure is complicated and there are problems such as troublesome mounting to the wall body. Not fully resolved.

そこで本発明が解決しようとする課題は、土砂擁壁構造体部分に注目し、従来より単純な構造で強度の保てる土砂擁壁構造体を開発することである。   Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to develop an earth and sand retaining wall structure that can maintain strength with a simpler structure than before, focusing on the earth and sand retaining wall structure portion.

前記の課題を解決するために、本発明では壁体(通水性の擁壁)を固定部につなぎ止める連結部材に金属製のワイヤーを用いる。これを緊結ワイヤーとよぶ。土砂擁壁構造体は壁体、緊結ワイヤー、固定部から構成されるが、壁体やそれをつなぎ止める部材全体そして土砂を含めて土砂擁壁構造体とよぶ。壁体は、垂直梁と水平梁によって壁の骨格を造り、壁の内側に鋼製ネット(鋼製網)と透水マットを張り合わせた構造にする。また骨格(垂直梁と水平梁)前面に間伐材などから作られる補強材を取り付ける構造にしている。ただし以下の説明では、説明を簡単にするために壁体は骨格(梁)のみに注目し、骨格と土砂擁壁構造体を中心に記述する。   In order to solve the above-described problems, in the present invention, a metal wire is used as a connecting member that connects a wall (water-permeable retaining wall) to a fixed portion. This is called a binding wire. The earth-and-sand retaining wall structure is composed of a wall, a fastening wire, and a fixed part. The wall-and-wall retaining member and the entire member that holds it together and the earth and sand are called the earth-and-sand retaining wall structure. The wall is made up of a vertical frame and a horizontal beam, and a structure in which a steel net (steel net) and a water-permeable mat are attached to the inside of the wall. In addition, it has a structure in which a reinforcing material made of thinned wood is attached to the front of the skeleton (vertical beam and horizontal beam). However, in the following description, in order to simplify the description, the wall body is described focusing on the skeleton (beam) and focusing on the skeleton and the sediment retaining wall structure.

請求項1に記載された発明は、グリーンベンチ工法における施工方法と緊結ワイヤーの取付方全般に関するものである。盛土端部の土留めを行うために設ける土砂擁壁構造体において、土砂擁壁構造体の連結・固定部が、(1)地盤に埋めて固定する固定部、(2)前記壁体の複数の垂直梁を包むように巻き付けて両端を前記固定部に連結する緊結ワイヤーを備えたことを特徴とする土砂擁壁構造体である。   The invention described in claim 1 relates to the construction method in the green bench method and the overall method of attaching the binding wire. In the earth and sand retaining wall structure provided for earth retaining at the embankment edge, the connecting and fixing part of the earth and sand retaining wall structure is (1) a fixing part that is buried and fixed in the ground, and (2) a plurality of the wall bodies An earth-and-sand retaining wall structure comprising a binding wire that is wrapped so as to wrap the vertical beam and connects both ends to the fixed portion.

請求項2に記載された発明は、道路脇斜面などの土留めを行うために、斜面を段切りにし、段切り底面前方に壁体を建て、前記壁体と前記斜面側の壁である段切り背面に出来る空間に土を埋め戻して平地を造り、前記平地部分に植栽を行う工法における土砂擁壁構造体において、前記土砂擁壁構造体の連結・固定部が、(1)地盤に埋めて固定する固定部、(2)前記壁体の複数の垂直梁を包むように巻き付けて両端を前記固定部に連結する緊結ワイヤーを備えたことを特徴とする土砂擁壁構造体である。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, in order to perform earth retaining such as a roadside slope, the slope is stepped, a wall body is built in front of the stepped bottom surface, and the wall body and the slope side wall. In the earth-and-sand retaining wall structure in the construction method in which the soil is backfilled in the space that can be cut back and made flat and planted in the flat part, the connecting and fixing part of the earth-and-sand retaining wall structure is (1) the ground (2) An earth-and-sand retaining wall structure comprising a fixing wire that is buried and fixed, and (2) a tightening wire that is wrapped so as to wrap around a plurality of vertical beams of the wall body and connects both ends to the fixing portion.

請求項3に記載された発明は、道路脇斜面などの土留めを行うために、斜面を段切りにし、段切り底面前方に壁体を建て、前記壁体と前記斜面側の壁である段切り背面に出来る空間に土を埋め戻して平地を造り、前記平地部分に植栽を行う工法における土砂擁壁構造体において、前記土砂擁壁構造体の連結・固定部が、(1)地盤に埋めて固定する固定部、(2)前記壁体の複数の垂直梁を包むように巻き付けた緊結ワイヤーを前記固定部の一端に設けた孔部に通し、緊結ワイヤーの両端部を緊結し、張り具合を調整する緊結部を備えたことを特徴とする土砂擁壁構造体である。   In the invention described in claim 3, in order to perform earth retaining such as a roadside slope, a slope is stepped, a wall body is built in front of the stepped bottom surface, and the wall body and the slope side wall. In the earth-and-sand retaining wall structure in the construction method in which the soil is backfilled in the space that can be cut back and made flat and planted in the flat part, the connecting and fixing part of the earth-and-sand retaining wall structure is (1) the ground (2) A fastening wire wound so as to wrap a plurality of vertical beams of the wall body is passed through a hole provided at one end of the fixing portion, and both ends of the fastening wire are fastened to fix the tension. An earth-and-sand retaining wall structure characterized in that it is provided with a tightening portion for adjusting the height.

請求項4に記載された発明は、前記土砂擁壁構造体の固定部が、(1)地盤に埋めて固定する固定ボルト、(2)前記固定ボルトに連結する連結ボルトを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1から3記載の土砂擁壁構造体である。   The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that the fixed portion of the earth retaining wall structure includes (1) a fixing bolt that is buried and fixed in the ground, and (2) a connecting bolt that is connected to the fixing bolt. The earth-and-sand retaining wall structure according to claim 1.

請求項5に記載された発明は、前記緊結ワイヤーの両端部が輪状になっていて、前記連結ボルトの一端に前記輪状部を通してナットで前記緊結ワイヤーの張り具合を調整・固定する調整部を備えたことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の土砂擁壁構造体である。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, both ends of the binding wire are formed in a ring shape, and an adjustment portion is provided for adjusting and fixing the tension of the binding wire with a nut through the ring-shaped portion at one end of the connection bolt. The earth-and-sand retaining wall structure according to claim 4.

グリーンベンチ工法では、傾斜地や道路脇斜面などの土留めを行うために、斜面を段切りにし、段切り底面前方に壁体を建て、壁体と段切り背面(斜面側の壁)に出来る空間に土を埋め戻して平地を造り、平地部分に樹木等の植物を植えて地盤を強化する。壁体は埋め戻し土や雨水などの圧力によって押し倒されることを防ぐため緊結ワイヤーおよび固定部でつなぎ止める。   In the green bench method, in order to hold earth on slopes and roadside slopes, the slope is stepped, a wall is built in front of the bottom of the step, and the wall and the back of the step (the slope side wall) can be created. Backfill the soil to make a flat ground, plant trees and other plants on the flat ground to strengthen the ground. The wall body is fixed with a binding wire and a fixing part to prevent it from being pushed down by pressure such as backfilling soil or rainwater.

本発明の基本部分は、壁体が直立を保つときの連結部材に金属製の緊結ワイヤーを用いていることである。従来の棒状の場合には、背景技術でも見てきたように、連結部材の構造が複雑であったり、壁体との結合に手間取るなどの問題があった。また棒状であるために、連結部材の端が壁から飛び出し、見た目が良くないだけなく、その後の施工の邪魔になることがあった。例えば垂直梁の前に隙間なく間伐材(補強材)を敷き詰めて壁をつくる場合には、連結部材の出っ張り部分を考慮しながら作業しなければならなかった。   The basic part of the present invention is that a metal binding wire is used as a connecting member when the wall body is kept upright. In the case of the conventional bar shape, as seen in the background art, there is a problem that the structure of the connecting member is complicated, and it takes time to join the wall. Moreover, since it was rod-shaped, the end of the connecting member jumped out of the wall, and the appearance was not good, and it sometimes hindered the subsequent construction. For example, in the case where a thinning material (reinforcing material) is laid down in front of a vertical beam to create a wall, it was necessary to work while considering the protruding portion of the connecting member.

また図1の工法の場合には、2本の垂直梁で連結部材の先端部分を挟む形で連結するために、1本の棒状連結部材に対して2本の垂直梁を並べて立てなければならないなどの面倒な作業が必要となり、なおかつ垂直梁の本数が必要以上に多くなる傾向にあった。その点、本発明の緊結ワイヤーの場合には、水平方向に複数の垂直梁を含む形でワイヤー掛けが行えるために、垂直梁は壁体を支えるのに必要なだけの、言い換えれば強度に見合っただけの本数を立てればよいので、作業手間も少なく、余分な垂直梁を使わないですむ。緊結ワイヤーと固定部の連結は、緊結ワイヤーを固定部の一端に設けた孔部に通し、緊結ワイヤーの両端部を緊結し張り具合を調整する緊結部で連結する、若しくはワイヤー端の輪を連結ボルトの調整部に通してナットで締めるだけでよい単純な構造であり、しかも施工も簡単である。   Further, in the case of the method of FIG. 1, in order to connect the tip portions of the connecting members with two vertical beams, the two vertical beams must be arranged side by side with respect to one rod-like connecting member. The number of vertical beams tends to be larger than necessary. On the other hand, in the case of the fastening wire of the present invention, since the wire can be hung in a form including a plurality of vertical beams in the horizontal direction, the vertical beams are only necessary for supporting the wall body, in other words, corresponding to the strength. Since it is sufficient to increase the number of wires, there is little work and no extra vertical beams are required. To connect the tightening wire and the fixed part, pass the tightening wire through the hole provided at one end of the fixed part, connect the both ends of the tightening wire and connect with the tightening part that adjusts the tension, or connect the ring at the end of the wire It is a simple structure that only needs to be tightened with a nut through the bolt adjustment section, and construction is also easy.

以上の点をまとめると、以下のようになる。
・壁体との連結が簡単であるために、施工時間の短縮化および部材コストの軽減が図れる。
・簡単な構造の割には、緊結ワイヤーを壁体に複数巻き付けることができるために、強度のアップが図れる。
・複数の緊結ワイヤーを一つの連結ボルトに集積する場合でも、複数の緊結ワイヤーの張りを連結ボルトの調整部で同時に行えるために、作業が効率的に行える。
・ワイヤー全体が弓のように撓い変形して、地震などの衝撃を緩和する。
The above points are summarized as follows.
・ Since the connection with the wall body is simple, the construction time can be shortened and the member cost can be reduced.
・ In spite of the simple structure, multiple tightening wires can be wound around the wall, so the strength can be increased.
-Even when a plurality of tightening wires are integrated into one connecting bolt, the plurality of tightening wires can be tensioned simultaneously by the adjusting portion of the connecting bolt, so that the work can be performed efficiently.
・ The entire wire bends and deforms like a bow to mitigate shocks such as earthquakes.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図を用いて説明する。図3は、本発明の一実施例である土砂擁壁構造体を用いた段切りによるグリーンベンチ工法の施工途中を示す斜視図の一例である。ただし、壁体については骨格部分(垂直梁と水平梁)のみを描いてある。まず斜面9を段切りにし、段切り斜面900、段切り中間面901、段切り斜面902、段切り底面903のように切り開く。底面903前方に等間隔の垂直梁100に水平梁110を渡して組み立てフレームを立設する。図では、垂直梁1001と1002に対して水平梁110が計4本渡され、垂直梁1011と1012に対して水平梁111が同様に4本渡されている。土砂擁壁構造体2の連結部材である緊結ワイヤー220を隣接する2本の垂直梁を包むように水平方向に掛ける。この例では、3本の緊結ワイヤーが上220a、中220b、下220cの位置に掛けられ、ワイヤーの両端が連結ボルト210に連結している。連結ボルトの他端は固定ボルト200に接続している。固定ボルトは段切り中間面901に埋められ、固定される。なお3は有孔管で、管の側面に孔が設けられていて、壁体1から排出できない余剰の雨水や地下水を排水口310を通して外部に放出する働きをしている。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is an example of a perspective view showing a midway of construction of a green bench method by step cutting using an earth and sand retaining wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. However, only the skeleton part (vertical beam and horizontal beam) is drawn about the wall. First, the slope 9 is stepped, and cut into a staged slope 900, a staged intermediate surface 901, a staged slope 902, and a staged bottom 903. An assembly frame is erected by passing the horizontal beam 110 to the vertical beam 100 at equal intervals in front of the bottom surface 903. In the figure, a total of four horizontal beams 110 are passed to the vertical beams 1001 and 1002, and four horizontal beams 111 are similarly passed to the vertical beams 1011 and 1012. The binding wire 220 which is a connecting member of the earth and sand retaining wall structure 2 is hung in a horizontal direction so as to wrap two adjacent vertical beams. In this example, three binding wires are hung at the positions of upper 220a, middle 220b, and lower 220c, and both ends of the wire are connected to the connecting bolt 210. The other end of the connecting bolt is connected to the fixing bolt 200. The fixing bolt is buried in the stepped intermediate surface 901 and fixed. A perforated pipe 3 is provided with a hole on the side of the pipe, and functions to discharge excess rainwater and groundwater that cannot be discharged from the wall 1 to the outside through the drainage port 310.

図4、図5、図6は斜視図の壁体1と土砂擁壁構造体2を中心に見た、平面図(上面から見た図)、側面図(斜面の横から見た図)、正面図(斜面に向かって見た図)である。数値は寸法であり、単位はミリメーター(mm)である。図4の平面図に示すように、緊結ワイヤー220(または220')は隣接する垂直梁1001、1002や垂直梁1011、1012に掛けられ、両端部の輪221(または221')を連結ボルト210の先端の調整部に嵌合されている。緊結ワイヤー220'は張り具合の調整前を表し、220は調整後の状態を表している。この例では、垂直梁1001、1002、1011、1012の間隔は150cmであり、水平梁110、111の長さは300cmである。また土砂擁壁構造体2(図の固定ボルト200)間隔は300cmである。なお、ここで使用している梁の部材は鉄製の単管パイプである。   4, 5, and 6 are a plan view (viewed from the top), a side view (viewed from the side of the slope), with the wall body 1 and the earth and sand retaining wall structure 2 in the perspective view as the center, It is a front view (figure seen toward the slope). The numerical values are dimensions, and the unit is millimeter (mm). As shown in the plan view of FIG. 4, the fastening wire 220 (or 220 ′) is hung on the adjacent vertical beams 1001 and 1002 and the vertical beams 1011 and 1012, and the rings 221 (or 221 ′) at both ends are connected to the connecting bolt 210. It is fitted to the adjustment part at the tip of the. The binding wire 220 ′ represents a state before adjustment of the tension, and 220 represents a state after the adjustment. In this example, the interval between the vertical beams 1001, 1002, 1011, and 1012 is 150 cm, and the length of the horizontal beams 110 and 111 is 300 cm. The interval between the earth and sand retaining wall structure 2 (fixing bolt 200 in the figure) is 300 cm. In addition, the member of the beam used here is an iron single pipe.

平面図では壁体1は梁のみを記述しているが、実際には図5の側面図(緊結ワイヤー以外は断面図)に示すように、内側から透水マット130、鋼製ネット120、水平梁110、垂直梁100、補強材による外壁140から構成されている。透水マットは、水は透すが、土は通さない。鋼製ネットはエキスパンドメタルともよばれ、鋼板に切れ目を入れ、圧延した鉄の板である。これも水は透すが、大きな土や石は通さない。ただ目が粗いため、細かな土は流れ出ることがあるので、透水マットとペアで使用する。垂直梁と水平梁は鉄製の単管パイプであるため、軽量にできている。しかし、土砂を押しとどめる強度は十分に保証される。垂直梁は、埋め戻し土や雨水、湧き水等によって外側への圧力が増すと、壁体が耐えられないことがあるために、土砂擁壁構造体2で壁体を支持・固定している。なお壁体に使われている各部材の連結には金具やワイヤーを用いているが、ここでは詳細は省略する。   In the plan view, only the beam is described in the wall 1, but actually, as shown in the side view of FIG. 5 (a cross-sectional view other than the binding wire), the permeable mat 130, the steel net 120, and the horizontal beam are shown from the inside. 110, a vertical beam 100, and an outer wall 140 made of a reinforcing material. The water permeable mat is transparent to water but not soil. Steel nets, also called expanded metals, are steel plates that are rolled and cut into steel plates. This also allows water to pass through, but not large soils or stones. Because it is coarse, fine soil may flow out, so use it as a pair with a water-permeable mat. The vertical and horizontal beams are single pipe pipes made of iron, making them lightweight. However, the strength to hold the earth and sand is sufficiently guaranteed. The vertical beam supports and fixes the wall body with the earth retaining wall structure 2 because the wall body may not be able to endure when the pressure to the outside increases due to backfill soil, rainwater, spring water, or the like. In addition, although the metal fitting and the wire are used for the connection of each member currently used for the wall, details are omitted here.

図5の例では、緊結ワイヤーは220a、220b、220cの3本を1ペアの垂直梁100に使用している。ワイヤーの両端は輪221になっていて、連結ボルト210の調整部211に通し、ナット212、213で固定する。すなわち、調整部は雄ネジ、ナットは雌ネジである。具体的には、図7の構造をしている。図の例では1本の緊結ワイヤーのみしか描いていないが、3本の場合には輪221(または221')は6個になる。図7の(1)は取付前(調整前)を表し、(2)は調整後を表している。なお、図7のナット213及び座金2131には、直接的には緊結ワイヤー220からの力は作用しないため必ずしも要しない。調整部はある一定の長さを持たせているために、この範囲内でワイヤーの張り具合を調整することができる。   In the example of FIG. 5, three binding wires 220 a, 220 b, and 220 c are used for one pair of vertical beams 100. Both ends of the wire are rings 221, which are passed through the adjusting portion 211 of the connecting bolt 210 and fixed with nuts 212 and 213. That is, the adjusting portion is a male screw and the nut is a female screw. Specifically, it has the structure shown in FIG. In the example shown in the figure, only one binding wire is drawn, but in the case of three, there are six rings 221 (or 221 '). (1) of FIG. 7 represents before attachment (before adjustment), and (2) represents after adjustment. Note that the nut 213 and the washer 2131 in FIG. 7 are not necessarily required because the force from the binding wire 220 does not act directly. Since the adjusting portion has a certain length, the tension of the wire can be adjusted within this range.

図5において、緊結ワイヤー220bが3本掛けのときの中央部の連結部材となる。図の例では、段切り中間面の高さは50cmにしている。この図では、中央の緊結ワイヤー220bと連結ボルト210は直線的になり、しかも段切り中間面901と同じ高さとなっている。しかし、段切り中間面の高さをもっと高くし連結ボルト210が緊結ワイヤーをつり下げるような形態で壁体を支持・固定してもよい。また固定ボルト200は段切り中間面901に埋め込み、グラウド材を充填して固定する。中間面の地面は元の地盤がそのまま残っている部分である。なお、連結ボルトと固定ボルトとは連係部201でつながっている。場合によっては、連結ボルト210を省略し、緊結ワイヤー220を直接、固定ボルト200につなぐ構造も可能である。   In FIG. 5, it becomes a connecting member at the center when three binding wires 220b are hooked. In the example shown in the figure, the height of the stepped intermediate surface is 50 cm. In this figure, the central tightening wire 220b and the connecting bolt 210 are straight and have the same height as the stepped intermediate surface 901. However, the wall body may be supported and fixed in such a manner that the height of the stepped intermediate surface is made higher and the connecting bolt 210 hangs the binding wire. Further, the fixing bolt 200 is embedded in the stepped intermediate surface 901, and is filled and fixed with a grout material. The middle ground is the part where the original ground remains. Note that the connecting bolt and the fixing bolt are connected by the connecting portion 201. In some cases, a structure in which the connecting bolt 210 is omitted and the fastening wire 220 is directly connected to the fixing bolt 200 is also possible.

図8は、緊結ワイヤーと連結ボルトを連結するための他の一例である。図8の例では、緊結ワイヤーは220a、220b、220cの3本を1ペアの垂直梁に使用している。垂直梁を包むように巻き付けた緊結ワイヤー220a、220b、220cを、固定部の連結ボルト210の一端に取り付けられた孔部240に通す。緊結ワイヤーの両端部は輪221になっていて、それぞれの輪221を緊結部230の両端に通し、ナット231、232で固定する。すなわち、緊結部は雄ネジ、ナットは雌ネジである。具体的には、図9の構造をしている。図9の(1)は取付前(調整前)を表し、(2)は調整後を表している。孔部240を連結ボルト210に取り付ける方法の一例として、孔部240を八の字型ワイヤーとし、ワイヤーの片方の孔を連結ボルト210の調整部211に通し、ナット212、213で固定することができる。この場合八の字型ワイヤーのもう一つの孔に緊結ワイヤーを通すことができる。もちろん、孔部240を連結ボルト210の一端に直接設けても良い。   FIG. 8 is another example for connecting a binding wire and a connecting bolt. In the example of FIG. 8, three binding wires 220a, 220b, and 220c are used for a pair of vertical beams. The binding wires 220a, 220b, and 220c wound so as to wrap the vertical beam are passed through the hole 240 attached to one end of the connecting bolt 210 of the fixing portion. Both ends of the binding wire are formed into rings 221, and the respective rings 221 are passed through both ends of the binding section 230 and fixed with nuts 231 and 232. That is, the binding portion is a male screw and the nut is a female screw. Specifically, it has the structure of FIG. (1) of FIG. 9 represents before attachment (before adjustment), and (2) represents after adjustment. As an example of a method for attaching the hole 240 to the connecting bolt 210, the hole 240 is an eight-shaped wire, and one hole of the wire is passed through the adjusting portion 211 of the connecting bolt 210 and fixed with nuts 212 and 213. it can. In this case, the binding wire can be passed through the other hole of the figure-shaped wire. Of course, the hole 240 may be provided directly at one end of the connecting bolt 210.

図6は、壁体1を正面から見た図である。ただし図は、垂直梁100、水平梁110および緊結ワイヤー220を中心に描いた、壁体の骨格部分だけである。工事の完成時は、この壁体前面に化粧材(図5の140)が施されるから、図の骨格部分は隠れて見えなくなる。   FIG. 6 is a view of the wall body 1 as seen from the front. However, the figure shows only the skeleton portion of the wall body, which is drawn around the vertical beam 100, the horizontal beam 110, and the binding wire 220. When the construction is completed, a decorative material (140 in FIG. 5) is applied to the front surface of the wall, so that the skeleton portion of the figure is hidden and cannot be seen.

図10は、工事が完了したときの段切り斜面の断面図である。壁体1と段切り面900、901、902、903とで区切られる空間に土sを埋め戻し、新たにできる地面(グリーンベンチ)に植物pを植える。図では1段のみしか描いてないが、場合によっては棚田や段々畑のように何段ものグリーンベンチを斜面9に沿って連なることになる。棚田や段々畑が斜面の土砂崩れに強いことは証明されているが、グリーンベンチはまさに棚田の利点をそのまま受け継いだ工法である。植物が根付くことによって、土地の保全がより強固なものとなる。なお壁体を支えている土砂擁壁構造体は埋め戻し土によって、工事完成時には外部からは見えない。   FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the stepped slope when the construction is completed. The soil s is backfilled in the space defined by the wall 1 and the stepped surfaces 900, 901, 902, and 903, and the plant p is planted on the newly created ground (green bench). Although only one level is drawn in the figure, in some cases, a number of green benches such as terraced rice fields and terraced fields are connected along the slope 9. Although it has been proven that terraced rice fields and terraced fields are resistant to landslides on slopes, the green bench is a method that inherits the advantages of terraced rice fields. By planting, the conservation of land becomes stronger. The sediment retaining wall structure that supports the walls is backfilled and cannot be seen from the outside when construction is completed.

以上、斜面の土留めを例にあげて本発明を説明したが、単純な平面盛土の端部での土留めについても同様な土砂擁壁構造体を用いることができる。   As described above, the present invention has been described by taking the earth retaining of the slope as an example, but the same earth and sand retaining wall structure can also be used for earth retaining at the end of a simple flat embankment.

背景技術において、金属製の棒状連結部材を用いた土砂擁壁構造体で壁体を支える工法を説明するための斜視図である。In background art, it is a perspective view for demonstrating the construction method which supports a wall body with the earth and sand retaining wall structure using a metal rod-shaped connection member. 背景技術において、金属製の棒状連結部材を用いた土砂擁壁構造体で壁体を支える工法を説明するための平面図である。In background art, it is a top view for demonstrating the construction method which supports a wall body with the earth and sand retaining wall structure using a metal rod-shaped connection member. 本発明の緊結ワイヤー製連結部材を用いた土砂擁壁構造体で壁体を支える工法を説明するための斜視図である。It is a perspective view for demonstrating the construction method which supports a wall body with the earth and sand retaining wall structure using the connection member made from the binding wire of this invention. 本発明の土砂擁壁構造体で壁体を支える工法を説明するための平面図である。It is a top view for demonstrating the construction method which supports a wall body with the earth and sand retaining wall structure of this invention. 本発明の土砂擁壁構造体で壁体を支える工法を説明するための側面図である(正確には、土砂擁壁構造体以外は断面図となっている)。It is a side view for demonstrating the construction method which supports a wall body with the earth and sand retaining wall structure of this invention (To be exact, it is sectional drawing except the earth and sand retaining wall structure). 本発明の土砂擁壁構造体で壁体を支える工法を説明するための正面図である。It is a front view for demonstrating the construction method which supports a wall body with the earth and sand retaining wall structure of this invention. 緊結ワイヤーと連結ボルトを連結する方法を説明するための側面図である。It is a side view for demonstrating the method to connect a binding wire and a connection bolt. 本発明の緊結ワイヤーと連結ボルトを連結するための他の一例を説明するための側面図である。It is a side view for demonstrating another example for connecting the binding wire and connecting bolt of this invention. 緊結ワイヤーと緊結部を連結する方法を説明するための側面図である。It is a side view for demonstrating the method to connect a binding wire and a binding part. 工事完成時のグリーンベンチの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the green bench at the time of construction completion.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 壁体(通水性の擁壁)
100 垂直梁(素材は鉄製の単管パイプなど)
10mn 垂直梁。m、nは数字。mが同じ梁が同一ワイヤーで留められる単位。
110 水平梁(素材は鉄製の単管パイプなど)
11m 水平梁。mは数字。mが同じ垂直梁10mnが連係の対象になっている。
120 鋼製ネット(鋼製網)
130 透水マット
140 化粧材・補強材(壁体の外面を見栄えよくする部材、間伐材などを用いた外壁)
2 土砂擁壁構造体(またはアンカーボルト)
200 固定ボルト
201 連係部(連結ボルトとの連結部)
210 連結ボルト
211 調整部(緊結ワイヤーの連結と張りを調整する部分。雄ネジとなっている部分)
212 ナット(雌ネジ)
2121 座金(支持金具)
213 ナット(雌ネジ)
2131 座金(支持金具)
220 緊結ワイヤー
220x xはa、b、cで、緊結ワイヤーの取付位置による識別を表す。
221 輪(緊結ワイヤーの端で、輪状になっている部分)
220’、221’ 調整前の緊結ワイヤーと輪を表す。
230 緊結部
231 ナット(雌ネジ)
2311 座金(支持金具)
232 ナット(雌ネジ)
2321 座金(支持金具)
240 孔部
290 連結部材
291 連結部材先端部
290c キャップ(支持金具)
290n ナット
3 有孔管
310 排水口
320 孔
9 斜面(元の地盤)
900 段切り斜面(一番奥の壁)
901 段切り中間面
902 段切り斜面
903 段切り底面
p 植物
s 埋め戻し土
1 wall (permeable retaining wall)
100 Vertical beam (Material: iron single pipe)
10mn vertical beam. m and n are numbers. Unit where beams with the same m are fastened with the same wire.
110 Horizontal beam (Material: iron single pipe)
11m horizontal beam. m is a number. The vertical beam 10mn with the same m is the object of linkage.
120 Steel net (steel net)
130 Water permeable mat 140 Cosmetics / reinforcing materials (outer walls using thinning materials, etc.)
2 Sediment retaining wall structure (or anchor bolt)
200 fixed bolt 201 linkage part (connection part with connection bolt)
210 Connection bolt 211 adjustment part (part which adjusts the connection and tension of the tightening wire. The part which is a male screw)
212 Nut (Female thread)
2121 Washer (support bracket)
213 Nut (Female thread)
2131 Washer (support bracket)
220 Tightening wires 220x x are a, b, and c, respectively, and represent identification according to the attachment positions of the tightening wires.
221 ring (the part of the binding wire that is ring-shaped)
220 ', 221' Tightening wires and rings before adjustment.
230 Tightening Portion 231 Nut (Female Screw)
2311 Washer (support bracket)
232 Nut (Female thread)
2321 Washer (support bracket)
240 hole 290 connecting member 291 connecting member tip 290c cap (support metal fitting)
290n Nut 3 Perforated pipe 310 Drain port 320 Hole 9 Slope (original ground)
900 Step slope (innermost wall)
901 Stepped intermediate surface 902 Stepped slope 903 Stepped bottom surface p Plant s Backfill soil

Claims (1)

道路脇斜面などの土留めを行うために、斜面を段切りにし、段切り底面前方に壁体を建て、前記壁体と前記斜面側の壁である段切り背面に出来る空間に土を埋め戻して平地を造り、前記平地部分に植栽を行う工法における土砂擁壁構造体において、In order to carry out earth retaining such as roadside slopes, the slope is stepped, a wall is built in front of the bottom of the step, and the soil is backfilled in the space that can be formed on the back side of the wall and the slope side wall. In the earth-and-sand retaining wall structure in the construction method of making flat land and planting the flat land part,
(1)前記壁体の複数の垂直梁を包むように巻き付ける、両端部が輪状になっている緊結ワイヤー、(1) A binding wire that is wound so as to wrap around a plurality of vertical beams of the wall body, and whose both ends are ring-shaped,
(2)一端が前記緊結ワイヤーの両端の輪状部を先端部に嵌合してナットで止めて前記緊結ワイヤーの張り具合を調整・固定する緊結部、他端が地盤に埋めて固定された固定ボルトに連結する連結ボルト(2) One end is a fastening portion that fits the ring-shaped portion at both ends of the binding wire to the tip portion and is fastened with a nut to adjust and fix the tension of the binding wire, and the other end is fixed by being buried in the ground. Connecting bolt to connect to the bolt
を備えたことを特徴とする土砂擁壁構造体。An earth-and-sand retaining wall structure characterized by comprising:
JP2005289859A 2005-10-03 2005-10-03 Sediment retaining wall structure Expired - Fee Related JP4411396B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005289859A JP4411396B2 (en) 2005-10-03 2005-10-03 Sediment retaining wall structure

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JP4411396B2 true JP4411396B2 (en) 2010-02-10

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5080436B2 (en) * 2008-12-16 2012-11-21 日本環境製造株式会社 Simple retaining wall and its construction method
JP6803135B2 (en) * 2015-08-05 2020-12-23 アキレス株式会社 Lightweight embankment structure

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