JP4698437B2 - Masonry retaining wall using retaining wall unit and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to masonry retaining wall and its construction method using the retaining wall units for use in masonry retaining wall constructed as river bank protection or for other retaining wall.

A conventional stone masonry retaining wall is made by stacking stone blocks such as natural stone in multiple steps on the front of a concrete block retaining wall having an L-shaped section or a T-shaped section, and between the concrete block retaining wall and the stone block. It is constructed by filling the joints between the stone blocks with mortar and fixing them, and filling the back of the concrete block with backfilling materials such as crushed stone.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-184065

However, the conventional masonry retaining wall described above has the following problems.
(1) In order to prevent water from staying behind the concrete block, it is necessary to construct a drain hole or the like in the bottom of the concrete block.
(2) In the vicinity of the masonry, the concrete block on the back of the stone block interferes and sufficient greening is not possible.
(3) In addition to the heavy weight of the concrete block, the joint between the concrete block retaining wall and the stone block and the joints between the stone blocks are completely backfilled, which further increases the weight and lengthens the construction period. The economy is bad.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a masonry retaining wall that achieves at least one of the following problems.
(1) Provide water permeability and breathability to the masonry retaining wall itself.
(2) The plant can be greened up to the top of the masonry retaining wall.
(3) In addition to shortening the construction period, it should be possible to install at low cost.
(4) To be lighter than conventional masonry retaining walls.

1st invention of this application made in order to solve said subject is a masonry retaining wall installed on the foundation surface provided in the retaining wall installation location, Comprising: The wall surface member of the perforated structure which comprises the wall surface of a retaining wall And a toe part extending forward from the lower part of the wall member, and a bottom member extending backward from the lower part of the wall member, and a frame member installed on the foundation surface, from the front of the wall member A plurality of stone blocks having locking portions that can be attached to positions where gaps are provided, and fixing the stone blocks to the frame member by back-filling a part of the gaps, with the remaining gaps An object of the present invention is to provide a masonry retaining wall characterized in that air permeability and water permeability are imparted between the stone block and the frame member .
Also, a second invention of the present application is to the frame member is characterized by comprising a welded wire mesh, to provide a masonry retaining wall according to the first shot Ming application.
The third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that are laid sheet member on a rear surface of the frame member to provide a masonry retaining wall according to the first or second shot light of the present application.
The fourth aspect of the present invention, the sheet member is characterized by a sediment discharge preventing member is to provide a masonry retaining wall according to a third shot Ming application.
Also, a fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that you have greening upper surface of the soil dressing filled in the frame member, masonry retaining wall according to any one of the first to fourth aspect of the present invention Is to provide.
The sixth invention of the present application is a method for constructing a masonry retaining wall to be installed on a foundation surface provided at a retaining wall installation location, the wall member having a perforated structure constituting the wall surface of the retaining wall, and the wall surface member A frame member having at least a toe portion extending forward from the lower portion of the wall and a bottom member extending rearward from the lower portion of the wall surface member can be installed on the base surface, and can be attached to a position where a gap is provided from the wall surface member. A stone block provided with a locking portion is attached to the wall surface member, a part of the gap is backed up to fix the stone block to the frame member, and the remaining gap is interposed between the stone block and the frame member. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a masonry retaining wall, which is provided with air permeability and water permeability.
The seventh invention of the present application provides the method for constructing a masonry retaining wall according to the sixth invention of the present application, wherein the upper surface of the soil is greened after the soil is filled into the frame member. There is to do.

The present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects.
(1) A backfilling material such as mortar is not backfilled in all the gaps provided between the frame member and the stone block, but is partially injected to fix the stone block, thereby utilizing the gap. Breathability and water permeability can be imparted to the masonry retaining wall itself.
Further, since the gap and the soil filled in the frame member have continuity, it is not necessary to provide a drain hole or the like separately.
In addition, since the gap is suitable for living space of living organisms, natural greening such as moss inhabiting stone blocks and seeds rooting in the gap becomes possible.
(2) It is only necessary to fill the inside of the frame member with customer soil, and there is no need for crushed stone for backfilling, thereby improving the workability.
(3) Since the frame member is lighter than a conventional concrete block, it is economical in terms of construction period and construction cost.
(4) Planting can be done on the soil filled near the top of the frame member, and it can be greened up to the time of masonry.
(5) Since it is not necessary to back up the entire gap, the weight can be reduced compared to a conventional masonry retaining wall, and it can also be used in places where there are load restrictions such as on artificial ground.

  Hereinafter, a retaining wall unit of the present invention, a masonry retaining wall using the retaining wall unit, and a construction method thereof will be described with reference to the drawings.

(1) Retaining wall unit FIG. 1: is a perspective view which shows an example of the retaining wall unit 1 of this invention.
The retaining wall unit 1 in the present embodiment includes a bottom member 21 laid on the ground, a wall surface member 22 extending upward from the bottom plate, a toe portion 23 that is a lower portion of the wall surface member 22 and extends forward from the bottom member 21, And a stone block 3 that can be attached to the front side of the wall surface member 22 of the frame member 2.
Below, each member is demonstrated.

(2) Frame member 2
The frame member 2 is a three-dimensional structure having a L-shaped shape, a T-shaped shape, a U-shaped shape or the like in cross section, and at least the wall surface member 22 on which the stone blocks are piled up is a member having a perforated structure.

More specifically, the frame member 2 shown in FIG. 1 uses a welded wire mesh whose cross section has an L shape with the wall surface member 22 and the bottom member 21.
The welded wire mesh is formed by continuously bending one of the vertical and horizontal wires into an uneven shape, intersecting the bent plurality of bent wires and the plurality of linear wires, and welding the intersecting portions. A wire mesh without unevenness can be used.
In addition, as the material of the frame member 2, a general wire mesh, a special wire mesh for animal protection, an expanded metal, a perforated plate, or the like can be used.
The welded wire mesh can be installed without being affected by the unevenness of the installation surface, and is also beneficial from the viewpoint of weight reduction.

  Moreover, in FIG. 1, it is comprised so that the frame member 2 may resist the internal-external pressure which the upper direction of the said wall surface member 22 and the back of the bottom member 21 are connected by the reservation frame 5 grade | etc.,.

Further, a toe portion 23 extending forward from the bottom member 21 is provided at a lower portion of the wall surface member 22 of the frame member 2.
The toe portion 23 is provided for positioning or supporting the lowermost stone block 3 among the stone blocks 3 stacked on the front surface of the wall surface member 22, and the material is not particularly limited.

  The frame member body may be configured to be assembled at the installation site by making each member detachable or foldable.

(3) Stone Block Next, the stone block 3 will be described. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing a mounting structure between the wall surface member 22 and the stone block 3 of the frame member 2.
The stone block 3 can be a natural stone itself or a processed natural stone, and the material and shape are not particularly limited. Further, the size of the stone block 3 is not necessarily fixed, and various stone blocks can be used.
The stone block 3 may be a panel in which a plurality of natural stones are combined into one.

On the upper surface of the stone block 3, a locking metal fitting 31 configured to be attachable to the wall surface member 22 of the frame member 2 is attached.
One end of the locking fitting 31 is attached to the upper surface of the stone block 3 with a known attachment structure. For example, a mounting hole is previously drilled in the upper surface of the stone block 3, and one end of the locking metal fitting 31 is inserted into the mounting hole and fixed with an adhesive, or an anchor pin is driven into the mounting hole. For example, the anchor metal 31 is fixed by tightening the anchor pin with a nut.

On the other hand, the other end of the engagement fitting 31 has a hook-like shape such as a hook, and is configured to be engageable with the wall surface member 22 of the frame member.
Moreover, the latching fixture 31 is not limited to a hook shape as shown in FIG. 1, and a well-known latching structure can be used.

[How to build a masonry retaining wall]
Next, a method for constructing a masonry retaining wall using the retaining wall unit 1 of the present invention will be described.

(1) Assembly and installation of frame member 2 First, the frame member 2 is carried into the installation site and assembled and installed.

(2) Laying of the sheet member 9 The sheet member 9 is an earth and sand outflow sheet which prevents the customer soil 4 filling the inside of the frame member 2 from flowing out, and is not shown in FIG. The sheet member 9 preferably has water permeability in order to ensure a growth environment after greening.
The sheet member 9 may be laid after the frame member 2 is installed, or may be laid on the frame member 2 in advance.

(3) Filling the soil 4 The soil 4 is filled inside the frame member 2, specifically, the back surface of the wall surface member 22. As the soil 4, soil suitable for planting, such as planting soil or artificial lightweight soil, is used.

(4) Installation and Fixation of Stone Mass 3 As shown in FIG. 2, the stone mass 3 is arranged stepwise in front of the wall surface member 22 of the frame member 2.
The stone block 3 is positioned so that the locking bracket 31 is locked to the wall surface member 22 of the frame member 2 and positioned in the horizontal direction from below the wall surface member 22 so as to be stacked upward. .
The lowermost stone block 3 of the frame member 2 is supported by a toe portion 23 provided on the frame.

In installing the stone block 3, the length of the locking metal 31 is adjusted in advance, or a conventionally known length adjusting mechanism is provided in the locking metal 31, so The length of the locking metal fitting 31 is adjusted and arranged so as to provide a gap 5 between the front surface of the wall surface member 22 of the frame member 2.
Thereafter, a part of the gap 5 is spotted by injecting a backfilling material 6 such as mortar, and fixed to the stone block 3 and the wall surface member 22.

In the present embodiment, the injection site of the backfill material 6 is a portion where the gap between the upper and lower stone blocks 3 and the gap between the stone block and the wall surface material 22 intersect, and the upper and lower stone blocks 3 are locked. By fixing the metal fitting 31 and the wall surface member 22 so as to be integrated by the backfilling material, it is possible to prevent the hook provided at the other end of the locking metal fitting 31 from being easily detached and to securely connect the stone blocks 3 to each other. Positioning is possible.
In addition, the said injection | pouring location is not limited by a present Example, It fixes so that the stone block 3 may not slip | deviate from the wall surface member 22 or fall by receiving external force represented by the vibration of an earthquake, etc. It only has to be done.

(4) Stacking of stone blocks 3 As described above, the steps (1) to (3) are repeated, and a plurality of stone blocks 3 are stacked on the front surface of the wall surface member 22 to construct a stone block retaining wall.

(5) Other operations After the completion of the stacking of the stone blocks 3, or in parallel with the stacking operation of the stone blocks 3, a greening operation may be performed on the customer soil 4 filled in the frame member 2. Plants used for the greening work are known plants such as herbs, woods, and bamboos.

[Function of masonry retaining wall]
Next, the function of the masonry retaining wall after construction will be described.

Since the gap 5 provided between the wall member 22 and the stone block 3 communicates with the outside air in front of the stone block 3, the gap 5 is excellent in water permeability and air permeability and is suitable for a plant habitat space.
Further, since the interior of the customer soil 4 has continuity with the gap 5 through the wall member 22 having a perforated structure with the sheet member 9, water can be passed through the gap 5 and a drain hole is provided separately. Without water staying in the land.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view when the frame member 2 of the retaining wall unit 1 of the present invention has a bowl shape. As shown in FIG. 3, a retentive material (not shown) formed by a partition panel or the like is installed on the upper surface of the frame member 2 to prevent the frame member from being deformed by the internal / external pressure received.
When greening the upper surface of the frame member, a frame-shaped retaining material such as a reinforcing frame may be used, or a retaining material exhibiting a perforated structure such as a welded wire mesh may be used.

  According to the present embodiment, since the wall surface member 22 can be provided at two opposing positions, the stone block 3 can be stacked on both the front surface and the back surface of the frame member 2.

  Needless to say, the stone blocks 3 can be stacked as needed on the side wall not shown in FIG.

Sectional drawing of 1st Example of the retaining wall structure using the retaining wall unit of this invention. The perspective view of the attachment part of a retaining wall unit and a stone block. Sectional drawing of 2nd Example of the retaining wall structure using the retaining wall unit of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Retaining wall unit 2 Frame member 21 Bottom member 22 Wall surface member 23 Toe part 3 Stone block 31 Locking bracket 4 Customer earth 5 Crevice 6 Backfilling material 7 Sheet member

Claims (7)

A masonry retaining wall installed on the foundation surface provided at the retaining wall installation location,
A wall surface member having a perforated structure constituting the wall surface of the retaining wall; a toe portion extending forward from the lower portion of the wall surface member; and a bottom member extending rearward from the lower portion of the wall surface member ; A frame member installed in
A plurality of stone blocks having a locking portion that can be attached to a position where a gap is provided from the front of the wall member ,
A part of the gap is backed up to fix the stone block to the frame member, and the remaining gap provides air permeability and water permeability between the stone block and the frame member. ,
Masonry retaining wall. The masonry retaining wall according to claim 1 , wherein the frame member is formed of a welded wire mesh. The masonry retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a sheet member is laid on the back surface of the frame member. The masonry retaining wall according to claim 3 , wherein the sheet member is a sediment discharge prevention material. The masonry retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein an upper surface of the soil filled in the frame member is greened. A method for constructing a masonry retaining wall to be installed on a foundation surface provided at a retaining wall installation location,
A base surface having a frame member having at least a wall member having a perforated structure constituting a wall surface of the retaining wall, a toe portion extending forward from the lower portion of the wall member, and a bottom member extending rearward from the lower portion of the wall member Installed on the
A stone block provided with a locking portion that can be attached at a position where a gap is provided from the wall member is attached to the wall member ,
A part of the gap is backed up to fix the stone block to the frame member, and the remaining gap provides air permeability and water permeability between the stone block and the frame member. ,
How to build a masonry retaining wall. The method for constructing a masonry retaining wall according to claim 6 , wherein after the inside of the frame member is filled with the soil, the upper surface of the soil is greened.

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