JP4411227B2 - Resin forceps - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a resin forceps used in the medical field.

  Conventionally, various types of forceps as surgical supplies are used depending on purposes such as hemostasis, collection of biological tissue, and disinfection.

  For example, a forceps for hemostasis is formed in a scissor shape having no blade as shown in FIG.

  A pair of arms 50a and 50b are connected via a pivot 51, and a grip 52 is provided at the tip of each of the arms 50a and 50b to stop blood with a blood vessel interposed therebetween (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

  Further, on the side opposite to the arms 50a and 50b with respect to the pivot 51, there is a handle portion 53a extending from the arm 50a and a handle portion 53b extending from the arm 50b, and each handle portion 53a and 53b. A grip 54 for opening and closing the grip 52 is formed at the rear end.

  Conventionally, such forceps are generally made of metal and have been sterilized and repeatedly used. Recently, however, disposable resin forceps have become widespread.

Resin forceps have the advantage of being light and easy to operate, and if the mold is changed, the gripping part can be changed into various shapes according to the purpose of use. For example, in the disinfection forceps, the cotton ball can be stably held in a wide range by forming the grip portion 56 at the tip of the arms 55a and 55b into a ring shape as shown in FIG. Yes. Reference numeral 57 denotes a metal pivot connecting the arms 55a and 55b.
JP-A-9-285470 (FIG. 5)

  This type of disinfecting forceps needs to disinfect not only the incision but also the surrounding area, and therefore, an operation of reciprocating while pressing a cotton ball against the disinfecting region of the body surface is performed.

  In this case, in the conventional resin forceps, when the pressing force is increased, there is a disadvantage that the gripping part 58a and the gripping part 58b act in the direction away from each other in the vertical direction and the cotton ball cannot be held.

  As can be seen from FIG. 8 showing the operation state of the resin forceps, any point from the tip of the forefinger to the base contacts with the handle 59a, and the pressed portion a serves as a fulcrum. With respect to the pressing force F to be pressed downward, the gripping portion 58a generates a lifting force F 'having a direction opposite to that of the pressing force F by the lever principle. This is because the locking portions 60a and 60b (see FIG. 7) for holding in the closed state are unlocked.

  In addition, it is difficult for the portion “a” to be located at a position ahead of the pivot point in the disinfection treatment performed while being aware of the clean operation. In addition, from the viewpoint of clean operation, the normal part a is often located near the grip part.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problems in the conventional resin forceps, and is a resin forceps that can effectively exert a pressing force on the gripping portion without releasing the lock of the locking portion. Is to provide.

The present invention has a pair of arms whose central part is connected via a pivot and is swingable around the pivot, a grip part is provided at the front arm tip extending from the pivot to one side, and extends from the pivot to the other side. In the resin forceps in which a grip for opening and closing the grip portion is formed at the rear end of the rear arm, the pair of arms is made of a resin having flexibility, and the front arm is curved in a state of bending downward. is formed in an arc shape, the rear arms are bent portion formed so as to be arranged is grip at a position higher than the pivot portion, the bending portion includes a first bent portion which is curved upwardly, bent upwardly And a second bending portion that bends the rear arm so as to return to a horizontal posture, and is formed in an upward gradient and is formed so that the gradient is reduced after the central portion of the rear arm. It is.

  According to the present invention, for example, when a gripping part holding a cotton ball is pressed against the body surface, the flexible arm bends, and the elastic force generated in the arm due to the bending acts on the gripping part. Further, each rear arm extending from the pivot to the grip portion is formed with a bent portion, which suppresses the bending of the rear arm, thereby preventing the locking portion and the locked portion from being unlocked. .

  In the present invention, if the arc-shaped warp is formed in the state of being convex upward as the bent portion, the amount of bending of the rear arm can be effectively reduced.

  In the present invention, the bent portion may be a bent portion formed in an arc shape or a bent portion formed in a step shape.

  In addition, the resin having flexibility includes a resin that does not include a reinforcing material such as glass fiber, such as nylon, PET, polypropylene, ABS resin, and the like. A resin with a low content may be used.

  In the present invention, a locking part and a locked part project from the respective grip parts in the closing direction, and are formed on a locking tooth formed on one locking part and the other locked part. By engaging with the locked teeth, the grips can be configured to be held in a closed state.

  In the present invention, the locking teeth and the locked teeth are configured so that they can be engaged by elastically deforming a pair of rear arms in a direction away from each other in the vertical direction and then approaching in the closing direction. Is preferred. Thereby, the urging force acts in the direction in which the locking teeth and the locked teeth are more closely attached, and the locking can be strengthened.

  In the present invention, a pivot is integrally formed on one of the pair of arms, and a hole is formed on the other of the pair of arms, and the pivot is fitted into the hole by press-fitting. It is preferable to configure as described above.

  In the present invention, when a push-up force is applied to the grip portion with the pivot of the resin forceps as a fulcrum, the push-up force when the engagement between the locking portion and the locked portion is released is 5.0 N or more. The gist.

  According to the present invention, there is an advantage that a pressing force can be effectively applied to the grip portion without releasing the lock of the locking portion.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a resin forceps according to the present invention, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a right side view of FIG. 1 (a). Show.

  In FIG. 1, a resin forceps 1 has a pair of arms 2 and 3 connected in an X shape, and the material of each arm 2 and 3 is made of polyamide, polypropylene, polycarbonate, ABS, PET, PE, or the like. ing. The conventional resin forceps are filled with a reinforcing material such as glass fiber in order to increase the strength thereof, but the resin forceps of the present embodiment are configured not to include the reinforcing material in order to have flexibility. Has been.

  The pair of arms 2 and 3 are connected to each other via a pivot 4 integrally formed from either of them, and can swing around the pivot 4.

  A grip 5 is provided at the tip of the arm 2 extending forward from the pivot 4, and a grip 6 is formed at the tip of the arm 3 extending forward from the pivot 4 so as to face the grip 5 in the left-right direction. ing.

  Each of the grip portions 5 and 6 is formed in a ring shape, and a large number of fine grooves functioning as slip stoppers are formed on the opposing surfaces 5a and 6a, respectively.

  Further, the front arm portion 2a extending from the pivot 4 to the grip portion 5 and the front arm portion 3a extending from the pivot 4 to the grip portion 6 are slightly curved outward (in the left-right direction) when viewed from the plane, Ribs 2b and 3b are formed on opposite side surfaces of the arm portions 2a and 3a. These ribs 2b and 3b prevent the front arm portions 2a and 3a from being excessively deformed in the left-right direction and the up-down direction.

  The front arm portions 2a and 3a are formed in an arc shape (see FIG. 1 (b)) so as to be bent forward.

  On the other hand, grips 7 and 8 for opening and closing the grips 5 and 6 are formed in a ring shape at the rear ends of the arms 2 and 3, and the middle finger or ring finger is passed through the grip 7. A thumb is passed through the portion 8.

  FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG. 1B, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pivot 4 connecting the arm 2 and the arm 3. FIG. 2B shows the lower surface of the pivot 4.

  In both figures, the pivot 4 is composed of two flexible pieces 4 a and 4 b depending from the lower surface of the arm 2.

  Each flexible piece 4a, 4b has a crescent-shaped cross section 4a ', 4b' having a predetermined curvature, and the curvature is the same as the curvature of the inner wall of the through hole 9a formed at the intersection 9 of the arm 3. Has been. Therefore, the outer peripheral wall of each flexible piece 4a, 4b and the inner wall of the through hole 9a slide smoothly in a state where they are in contact with each other.

  Also, flanges 4c and 4d are extended in a hook shape at the lower ends of the flexible pieces 4a and 4b. These flange portions 4c and 4d are for preventing the flexible pieces 4a and 4b from being pulled out of the through hole 9a.

  Further, the two flexible pieces 4a and 4b are arranged at a distance S, and the flexible piece 4a and the flexible piece 4b can be bent in the axial direction (direction of arrow c), respectively. With this configuration, when connecting the pair of arms 2 and 3, the flexible pieces 4 a and 4 b can be inserted into the through-hole 9 a while being bent inward, and the resin forceps 1 is assembled. Can be done easily.

  In the case of a resin containing a reinforcing material such as glass fiber for the purpose of increasing the flexural modulus, even if the pivot is formed in the same shape as the flexible pieces 4a and 4b, the pivot is bent at the time of arm assembly. If it cannot be pushed and it press-fits into the through-hole 9a forcibly, a pivot will be damaged. On the other hand, since the flexible pieces 4a and 4b of this embodiment have flexibility and are not damaged even if they are bent, the yield when manufacturing the resin forceps 1 can be increased.

  The following table shows the state of the pivot when the arm is assembled using the pivot that contains the reinforcing material and the pivot that does not contain the reinforcing material.

ただし、上記％は質量％を示す

However, the above% indicates mass%.

  As can be seen from Table 1 above, the arms 2 and 3 can be assembled without damaging the pivot formed by the flexible pieces 4a and 4b when glass fiber as a reinforcing material is not included.

  Further, considering the bending elastic modulus of the resin, it is more preferable to select a resin that is less than 5.4 Gpa.

  In addition, in the case where the arm is connected using a metal connection pin such as aluminum like a conventional resin forceps, it is necessary to separate the connection pins made of different materials at the time of disposal. Since everything is composed of a single material, disposal is easy.

  Returning to FIG.

  The rear arm 2c that communicates from the intersection 9 to the grip 7 and the rear arm 3c that communicates from the intersection 9 to the grip 8 are higher than the extension lines of the front arms 2a and 3a. Bending portions 2d and 3d are formed so that the grip portions 7 and 8 are arranged at the positions.

The configuration of the bent portion 3d will be described as a representative. The bent portion 3d is formed to have an upward gradient, and the gradient is reduced after the central portion of the rear arm 3c. Specifically, a first bent portion 3d ₁ that curves upward, and a second bent portion (arc-shaped warp) 3d ₂ that bends the rear arm 3c bent upward to return to a horizontal posture. As a whole, it is formed in a gentle step shape.

  Next, the lock mechanism of the grip portions 5 and 6 will be described.

  A lock mechanism 10 is provided in a state of facing the rear end portion of the rear arm portion 2c and the rear end portion of the rear arm portion 3c.

  The locking mechanism 10 includes a locking portion 10a and a locked portion 10b formed in an arc shape (as viewed from the plane) along a movement locus when the grip portions 7 and 8 are opened and closed. The ratchet teeth 10c are formed on the lower surface side of the 10a, and the ratchet teeth 10d are formed on the upper surface side of the locked portion 10b.

  The ratchet teeth 10d are arranged to be rotated by 180 ° about a virtual point P (see FIG. 1C) with respect to the ratchet teeth 10c, and the saw-toothed ratchet teeth 10c and 10d are engaged with each other. Accordingly, the grips 5 and 6 are locked in a state in which the interval is set arbitrarily.

  FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the lock mechanism 10 in an enlarged manner.

In the figure, a line connecting the tooth bottoms of the ratchet teeth 10d and teeth bottom line L ₁ in the engaged portion 10b, when the line connecting the tooth bottoms of the ratchet teeth 10c of the engagement portion 10a and the tooth bottom line L _2, tooth base line L ₁ and L ₂ are arranged in the engaging portion 10a and the locked portion 10b are determined so as to separate the distance t.

  As a result, when the ratchet teeth 10d and 10c are locked, the arms 2 and 3 are deflected for the distance t, so that the urging forces are accumulated in the arms 2 and 3, and the accumulated urging forces are the ratchet teeth 10d and 10c. It works to further increase the meshing of the.

  FIG. 4 shows the resin forceps 1 that has been closed. FIG. 4 (a) is shown in FIG. 1 (a), FIG. 4 (b) is shown in FIG. 1 (b), and FIG. Each corresponds to FIG.

  In FIG. 4, the same components as those in FIG.

  When the grip portions 5 and 6 of the resin forceps 1 are closed, the ratchet teeth 10c formed on the locking portion 10a and the ratchet teeth 10d formed on the locked portion 10b are locked. At this time, since the urging force is applied to the ratchet teeth 10c and 10d in a direction to approach each other, the grip portion 7 and the grip portion 8 are substantially fixed.

  In this state, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, a cotton ball C containing a disinfectant is sandwiched between the gripping portions 5 and 6, and an operation of disinfecting the incised portion and the surrounding body surface is performed.

  When the cotton ball C is pressed against the body surface, the portion D of the resin forceps 1 that is pressed with the index finger is slightly lowered downward, whereby the arms 2 and 3 are bent and displaced to the posture shown by the two-dot chain line.

  At this time, when the arms 2 and 3 are displaced, the urging force stored in the arms 2 and 3 is a force that presses the cotton balls sandwiched between the clamp portions 56 against the body surface.

  In addition, the portion D of the arms 2 and 3 that is pressed by the index finger serves as a fulcrum, and the gripping portions 7 and 8 have the pressing force F and the direction of the gripping portions 7 and 8 by the lever principle. A reverse push-up force F ′ is generated, but the rear arm portions 2c and 3c are formed with bent portions 2d and 3d that warp upward, so that the push-up force F ′ is gripped from the bent portions 2d and 3d. The displacement is limited to the limited length L of the parts 7 and 8.

  Therefore, in the conventional resin forceps, as shown in FIG. 8, since the length from the pivot 57 to the grip portion 58 is long, the displacement amount at the grip portion 58a becomes large, and the cotton ball sandwiched between the clamp portions 56 is effective. However, according to the present embodiment, since the grip portions 7 and 8 are slightly displaced only in the length L as described above, the lock mechanism 10 is not unlocked. The pressing force F can be effectively applied to the grip portions 5 and 6.

In order to confirm that the bent portions 2d and 3d that are convex upward, which is a characteristic part of the present embodiment, can suppress the amount of displacement, the following strength test was performed. In addition, as a comparative example, a bent portion that protrudes downward was prepared, and a strength test was performed under the same conditions.
Measuring instrument: Tensilon universal testing machine RTE-1210 (Orientec Co., Ltd.)

Measurement sample:
(1) A resin forceps in which an arc-shaped warp is formed in a state where the bent portion 2c is convex upward.
(2) Resin forceps in which an arc-shaped warp is formed in a state where the bent portion 2c is convex downward.
(3) Resin forceps in which the arm shape between the pivot point 9 and the ratchet stopper 11a is linear.

Measuring method:
The locking portion 10a is locked in a state where the tip of the locking portion 10a is in contact with a stopper (see 11a in FIG. 1), and a rod-shaped pressing tool (diameter 25 mm, tip hemisphere) is brought into contact with a portion 20 mm forward of the stopper 11a. The load A when the pressing tool was displaced 2 mm upward (corresponding to the lifting force F ′ when the symbol D in FIG. 5 is assumed to be 20 mm ahead of the stopper 11a) was measured.

  Further, a load B (corresponding to the pressing force F ″ of the gripping portion when it is assumed that the symbol D in FIG. 5 is located 20 mm forward of the stopper 11a) when the pressing tool is displaced 2 mm downward was measured. .

  As is clear from the above test results, the value of (Load A / Load B) of the measurement sample (1) having an upward convex bending portion is the measurement sample (2) having the downward convex bending portion and the pivot axis. The shape between the point and the stopper 11a is larger than the value of (Load A / Load B) of the measurement sample (3) in which the shape is linear. This indicates that the resin forceps provided with the upward convex bent portion is less likely to bend than the conventional resin forceps provided with the downward convex bent portion, and the lock mechanism 10 is not easily unlocked.

  As a method of applying a load to the resin forceps, the grip portion 7 is fixed with a jig, a rod-shaped pressing tool is brought into contact with a point 20 mm forward from the ratchet stopper, and a vertical load is applied. . However, about the test piece which has a downward convex bending part, the test piece was arrange | positioned upside down and the press was made to act downward. Moreover, about the test piece which has an upward convex bending part, it arrange | positioned in use condition and made the press tool act downward.

Moreover, in order to confirm that the pressing force can be effectively applied to the grip portion without removing the lock of the locking portion as a problem of the present embodiment, the following test was performed.
Measuring instrument: Tensilon universal testing machine RTE-1210 (Orientec Co., Ltd.)
Measurement condition:
Compression test (constant moving speed control)
Compression speed: 20 (mm / min)

Measurement sample:
(1) A resin forceps in which an arc-shaped warp is formed in a state where the bent portion 2c is convex upward.
(2) Resin forceps in which an arc-shaped warp is formed in a state where the bent portion 2c is convex downward. (Conventional example)
(3) Resin forceps that does not contain a reinforcing material in which the arm shape between the pivot point 9 and the ratchet stopper 11a is linear. (Conventional example)
(4) Resin forceps containing a reinforcing material in which the arm shape between the pivot point 9 and the ratchet stopper 11a is linear. (Conventional example)

Measuring method:
When the pivot point is the fulcrum D, the push-up force F ′ applied to the grip when the locking portion of each forceps and the locked portion are unlocked is measured.

  From the above test results, it can be seen that the measurement sample (1) according to the present embodiment requires 8.9 N or more force to unlock the locking portion and the locked portion. This indicates that the lock is less likely to be released as a force compared to the measurement sample (2) and the measurement sample (3), which are conventional resin forceps. In addition, it is pointed out that the measurement sample (3), which is a conventional product, is easily unlocked, and that there is no indication that the measurement sample (4) is likely to be unlocked. It has been found that if the push-up force F ′ is less than 4.4.3N, a problem occurs in the operation, and if it is 5.0N or more, the problem does not occur in the operation.

  Since it is clear that the resin forceps of the present embodiment having the upwardly bent portion 2c has a difficulty of coming off more than double that of the conventional measurement sample (3), it is difficult to come off. If the value is 5.0 N or more, which exceeds the push-up force F ′ of the conventional measurement sample (4), the measurement sample (1) is naturally considered to have the effect of preventing the unlocking. Therefore, the lower limit value of the lifting force F ′ of the resin forceps that achieves the effects of the present invention may be 5.0 N or more, and preferably 8.5 N or more.

  Further, in the present invention, the front arm portions 2a and 3a are configured to be bent in a downward direction in the above-described embodiment. However, the shape is not limited to this, and may be a shape that is bent into a mountain shape in the downward direction. The shape may be bent in an L shape downward.

  In the present invention, in the above embodiment, the gripping portions 5 and 6 are formed in a ring shape as a shape for gripping the cotton ball. However, the shape is not limited to this, and any shape may be adopted depending on the purpose of use. it can.

(a) is a top view which shows the state which opened about the resin forceps concerning this invention, (b) is a front view, (c) is a right view. It is the B section enlarged view of FIG. 1 which showed the structure of the pivot in the partial cross section. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows arrangement | positioning of a latching | locking part. (a) is a top view which shows the state which closed about the resin forceps concerning this invention, (b) is a front view, (c) is a right view. It is explanatory drawing which shows the use condition of the resin forceps of this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure of the conventional forceps. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of another conventional forceps. It is explanatory drawing which shows the use condition of the forceps shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Resin forceps 2 Arm 2a Front side arm part 2b Rib 2c Rear side arm part 2d Bending part 3 Arm 3a Front side arm part 3b Rib 3c Rear side arm part 3d Bending part 4 Axis 4a, 4b Flexible piece 4c, 4d collar part 5 , 6 Grasping part 7, 8 Grip part 9 Crossing part 9a Through hole 10 Lock mechanism 10a Locking part 10b Locked part 10c, 10d Ratchet teeth

Claims (6)

A rear side that has a pair of arms that are connected to each other via a pivot and that can swing around the pivot. A grip is provided at the front arm tip that extends from the pivot to one side, and that extends from the pivot to the other side. In the resin forceps in which a grip part for opening and closing the grip part is formed at the rear end of the arm,
A resin in which the pair of arms is flexible, the front arm is formed in an arc shape in a state of curving above downward, the rear arm is the grip portion is disposed at a position higher than the pivot portion The bent portion is formed of a first bent portion that curves upward, and a second bent portion that bends the rear arm bent upward to return to a horizontal posture. A resin forceps, wherein the forceps are formed in an upward gradient and the gradient is reduced after the central portion of the rear arm.   The resin forceps according to claim 1, wherein an arcuate warp is formed in a state of being convex upward as the bent portion.   A locking part and a locked part project from the respective gripping parts toward the closing direction, and are formed on a locking tooth formed on one of the locking parts and on the other locked part. The resin forceps according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the gripping portions can be held in a closed state by engaging with a locked tooth.   2. The locking teeth and the locking teeth are configured so that they can be engaged with each other by displacing the pair of rear arms in a direction away from each other in the vertical direction and then approaching them in the closing direction. The resin forceps of any one of -3.   The pivot is integrally formed on one of the pair of arms, and a hole is formed on the other of the pair of arms, and the pivot is fitted into the hole by press-fitting. The resin forceps according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the forceps is configured to be configured as described above. The push-up force is applied to the grip portion with the pivot of the resin forceps as a fulcrum, and the push-up force when the engagement between the locking portion and the locked portion is released is 5.0 N or more. The resin forceps according to any one of the above.

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