JP6883190B2 - Tooth extraction device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a tooth extraction device used for medical purposes.

Conventionally, a device called a hebel (elevator) has been known as a tooth extraction device for extracting teeth in dental treatment, and is widely used in dental treatment. Various forms of such a hebel are known, and for example, the hebel described in Patent Document 1 is known.

The Hebel described in Patent Document 1 has a grip portion and a shaft portion extending from the grip portion, and the shaft portion has an insertion portion to be inserted between the tooth and the alveolar bone, and the insertion portion has an insertion portion. In the state of being inserted between the tooth and the alveolar bone, a frictional resistance increasing portion having at least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is provided at a portion of the shaft portion facing the alveolar bone.

As described above, in the Hebel described in Patent Document 1, since the friction resistance increasing portion is formed, the friction resistance increasing portion acts as a fulcrum when dislocating the tooth by using the principle of leverage. The operability is improved by preventing or suppressing the displacement of the shaft portion from the alveolar bone.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-106709

In such a procedure for tooth extraction using a hebel, the tip of the hebel is inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity (periodontal ligament), and the tooth is dislocated from the alveolar bone using the principle of teco, and the tooth is dislocated with forceps. The tooth is extracted by grasping it. However, since tooth extraction is performed by using forceps with the teeth dislocated at the time of tooth extraction, unless the Hebel position is held in the dislocated state, tooth extraction cannot be performed with forceps, and the surgical procedure becomes complicated. There was a problem that it was difficult to shorten the operation time.

In addition, the instruments used for surgery need to be sterilized before surgery from the viewpoint of preventing bacterial contamination of the instruments and preventing infection of medical personnel and secondary infection to other patients. Since it is necessary to sterilize both the Hebel and forceps instruments, there is also a problem that the sterilization work takes time and cost.

Therefore, the present invention has been made with the above problem as an example of a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tooth extraction device capable of easily performing tooth extraction and suppressing the number of devices to be sterilized.

In order to solve the above problems, the tooth extraction device according to the present invention is a tooth extraction device having a first forceps body and a second forceps body that are connected to each other via a pivot axis and are rotatable around the pivot axis. Therefore, the tip of the first forceps body is formed in a thin-walled flat shape with a sharp shape whose width gradually decreases toward the tip, and a curved concave surface is formed on the surface facing the second forceps body. It is, have a insertion portion to be inserted between the tooth and the alveolar bone, the second forceps member, the first to regulate the movable pivot in the width direction relative to the first forceps member Is attached to a second attachment position that is movable and rotatable in the longitudinal direction with respect to the first forceps body .

Further, in the tooth extraction device according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second forceps body is provided with a grip portion at the tip.

Further, in the tooth extraction device according to the present invention, at least one of the first forceps body and the second forceps body is provided with a shaft support portion into which the pivot axis can be inserted, and the shaft support portion is provided in the longitudinal direction. It is preferable that the groove extends in the moving direction along the groove.

Further, in the tooth extraction device according to the present invention, it is preferable that the insertion portion is detachably attached to the first forceps body.

According to the present invention, it has a first forceps body and a second forceps body that are connected to each other via a pivot axis and are rotatable around the pivot axis, and a tooth is attached to the tip of the first forceps body. Since it has an insertion part to be inserted between the alveolar bone, it can have the functions of hebel and forceps, simplify the operation procedure and shorten the operation time, and reduce the number of instruments to be sterilized. be able to.

A side view of a tooth extraction device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The enlarged view of the insertion part of the tooth extraction device which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. A side view of a tooth extraction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The side view which shows the state which moved the 2nd forceps body of the tooth extraction instrument which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Exploded view of the tooth extraction device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. An enlarged view of an insertion portion of a tooth extraction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to each claim, and not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential for the means for solving the invention. ..

FIG. 1 is a side view of the tooth extraction device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an insertion portion of the tooth extraction device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the following embodiment, the right side of the first forceps body 11 in FIG. 1 will be the base end, and the left side will be the tip end.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tooth extraction device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a first forceps body 11 and a second forceps body 12 connected to each other via a pivot 13. The first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 are rotatably assembled around the axis of the pivot 13, and are formed at the proximal ends of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12, respectively. By opening and closing the handle portions 14, 14, the tips of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 can be opened and closed. The first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 may be made of any material, but various metals including alloys such as stainless steel can be preferably used.

An insertion portion 20 is formed at the tip of the first forceps body 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the insertion portion 20 is formed from the forceps body body 22 into a thin flat shape so that it can be easily inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity formed between the tooth and the alveolar bone at the time of tooth extraction. The surface of the insertion portion 20 facing the periodontal ligament in the state of being inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity is formed as a curved concave surface corresponding to the roundness of the tooth, and this shape makes it easy to fix the insertion portion 20 to the tooth. .. Further, the surface facing the alveolar bone in the state where the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity is formed as a curved convex surface opposite to the surface facing the teeth described above.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the tip of the insertion portion 20 has a sharp shape whose width gradually decreases toward the tip, and the insertion portion 20 can be inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity. It is shaped so that it does not cause dehiscence or cuts in the surrounding gingiva. By having the blade portion 21 in this way, the insertion portion 20 can be inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity more easily and smoothly. As shown in FIG. 1, the insertion portion 20 is bent toward the surface facing the alveolar bone (lower side in FIG. 1) so that the tooth can be easily dislocated by the principle of leverage after being inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity. There is. Further, the insertion portion 20 may be formed straight without bending.

Further, a grip portion 30 is formed at the tip of the second forceps body 12. The grip portion 30 can grip the dislocated tooth by the insertion portion 20, and the surface facing the tooth is formed as a curved concave surface corresponding to the roundness of the tooth so that the tooth can be gripped reliably. ing. Further, when the handle portions 14 and 14 are closed and the grip portion 30 grips the tooth, the grip portion 30 is bent toward the surface facing the tooth as a whole in order to reliably transmit the grip force to the tooth. There is. It should be noted that at least one of the surfaces of the grip portion 30 and the insertion portion 20 facing the teeth can be reliably gripped by forming a groove shape or an uneven shape.

The tooth extraction device 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above has a grip portion by opening the handle portions 14 and 14 of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 in order to dislocate the teeth. The tooth 30 can be retracted to facilitate the insertion of the insertion portion 20 into the periodontal ligament cavity, and the tooth can be dislocated by the principle of leverage by operating the insertion portion 20. Further, since the tooth extraction can be performed by closing the handle portions 14 and 14 so that the grip portion 30 and the insertion portion 20 grip the tooth in the dislocated state, the operation procedure can be simplified and the operation time can be shortened. It is possible to reduce the number of instruments to be sterilized.

The tooth extraction instrument 10 according to the first embodiment described above includes a first forceps body 11 and a second forceps body 12 connected to each other via a pivot 13, and is inserted into the tip of the first forceps body 11. Although the case where the portion 20 is formed has been described, in the tooth extraction device according to the present invention, the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 are rotated by the pivot axis 13 as shown in the first embodiment. It is not limited to the case where they are movably connected. Therefore, next, the tooth extraction device 10a according to the second embodiment will be described.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a side view of the tooth extraction tool according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which the second forceps body of the tooth extraction tool according to the second embodiment of the present invention is moved. 5 is an exploded view of the tooth extraction device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of an insertion portion of the tooth extraction device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Is. The same or similar members as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the tooth extraction instrument 10a according to the present embodiment, the second forceps body 12a is rotatably assembled to the first forceps body 11a and is movable in the longitudinal direction. It is assembled.

The first forceps body 11a has an insertion portion 20a formed at the tip thereof as in the first embodiment described above, and a handle portion 14 formed at the base end side, and has a substantially L-shape at the end portion. A first stopper 18 is formed which is bent and has an facing surface facing the second stopper 19 of the second forceps body 12a, which will be described later. Further, the first forceps body 11a includes a shaft support portion 16 to which the second forceps body 12a can be assembled so as to be rotatable and movable in the longitudinal direction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the insertion portion 20a has a separate structure including a fitting portion 23 that can be fitted into the fitting hole 24 formed in the first forceps body 11a. As the fixing method of the insertion portion 20a, any fixing method may be adopted as long as the fitting portion 23 does not fall out from the fitting hole 24, and various fixing methods such as press fitting and fixing with a pin are adopted. It is possible to do.

The second forceps body 12a has a grip portion 30 formed at the tip thereof and a handle portion 14 formed at the proximal end side as in the first embodiment described above. Further, a second stopper 19 facing the facing surface of the first stopper 18 described above is formed at the end of the handle portion 14.

As shown in FIG. 5, the second forceps body 12a is rotatably and longitudinally movably assembled to the shaft support 16 of the first forceps body 11a. The shaft support portion 16 includes a first groove 16a extending in the width direction of the first forceps body 11a and a second groove 16b extending from one end of the first groove 16a at a predetermined angle with respect to the longitudinal direction. It has. Further, a shaft hole 13a is formed in the second forceps body 12a, and a shaft support pin, which is a pivot axis (not shown), is inserted into the shaft hole 13a and is engaged with the shaft support portion 16. The shaft support portion 16 is assembled so as to sandwich the second forceps body 12a between the plate member 15 and the first forceps body 11a, and the shaft support portion 16 has the second forceps body 12a on the tip side. The slope 17 is formed so that the second forceps body 12a does not open excessively when it is moved.

With this configuration, when the second forceps body 12a is moved toward the proximal end side along the longitudinal direction of the first forceps body 11a as shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the first forceps body 11a is formed. The insertion portion 20a of the second forceps body 12a protrudes from the grip portion 30 at the tip of the second forceps body 12a, so that the dislocation of the tooth can be easily performed. Further, in this state, as shown in FIG. 6, since the shaft support pin engages with the first groove 16a extending in the width direction, it is possible to prevent inadvertent movement in the longitudinal direction and the rotation direction, and the handle portion. By gripping 14 and 14, a feeling of use similar to that of a conventional Hebel can be obtained. Further, since the first stopper 18 of the handle portion 14 is formed, the first stopper 18 is easily pushed by the palm or the like when the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity. Further, when the grip portion 30 is closed, the second stopper 19 comes into contact with the handle portion 14, so that a predetermined gap can be formed between the first forceps body 11a and the second forceps body 12a. The first forceps body 11a and the second forceps body 12a can be easily operated by passing a finger through the gap.

Further, in the state where the tooth is dislocated, as shown in FIG. 4, if the shaft support pin is operated so as to move along the second groove 16b and the second forceps body 12a is moved to the tip side, The grip portion 30 can grip the tooth, and the tooth can be extracted in the same manner as the conventional forceps. In this state, since the first stopper 18 and the second stopper 19 are separated from each other, the second forceps body 12a can rotate around the shaft support pin.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description of the above embodiment. Various changes or improvements can be made to the above embodiments.

For example, in the first embodiment described above, the case where the insertion portion 20 is integrally formed with the first forceps body 11 has been described, but the insertion portion 20 has a separate structure that can be attached to and detached from the first forceps body 11. It doesn't matter. Further, in the second embodiment, the case where the shaft support pin is inserted into the shaft hole 13a formed in the second forceps body 12a has been described, but the shaft support pin is integrated with the second forceps body 12a. It may be formed. Further, by forming a groove corresponding to the shaft support portion 16 in the plate member 15, both ends of the pivot can be locked to facilitate the movement of the second forceps body 12a.

It is clear from the description of the claims that such modified or improved forms may also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

10,10a tooth extraction device, 11,11a first forceps body, 12,12a second forceps body, 13 pivot, 14 handle, 15 plate member, 16 shaft branch, 16a first groove, 16b second groove , 17 slope, 18 first stopper, 19 second stopper, 20 insertion part, 21 blade part, 22 forceps body body, 23 fitting part, 24 fitting hole, 30 grip part.

Claims (4)

A tooth extraction instrument having a first forceps body and a second forceps body that are connected to each other via a pivot axis and are rotatable around the pivot axis.
The tip of the first forceps body is formed in a thin, flat shape with a sharp shape whose width gradually decreases toward the tip, and a curved concave surface is formed on the surface facing the second forceps body to form a tooth tooth. have a insertion portion to be inserted between the alveolar bone and,
The second forceps body is
A first mounting position that is movable in the width direction with respect to the first forceps body and regulates rotation, and
A tooth extraction instrument characterized in that it is attached to a second attachment position that is movable and rotatable in the longitudinal direction with respect to the first forceps body. In the tooth extraction device according to claim 1,
The second forceps body is a tooth extraction device having a grip portion at the tip thereof. In the tooth extraction device according to claim 1 or 2.
At least one of the first forceps body and the second forceps body is provided with a shaft support into which the pivot can be inserted, and the shaft support is a groove extending in a moving direction along the longitudinal direction. A tooth extraction device characterized by. In the tooth extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A tooth extraction device characterized in that the insertion portion is detachably attached to the first forceps body.

Images