WO2019155606A1 - Tooth extraction appliance - Google Patents
Tooth extraction appliance Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019155606A1 WO2019155606A1 PCT/JP2018/004602 JP2018004602W WO2019155606A1 WO 2019155606 A1 WO2019155606 A1 WO 2019155606A1 JP 2018004602 W JP2018004602 W JP 2018004602W WO 2019155606 A1 WO2019155606 A1 WO 2019155606A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- forceps body
- tooth
- tooth extraction
- forceps
- insertion portion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C3/00—Dental tools or instruments
- A61C3/14—Dentists' forceps or the like for extracting teeth
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tooth extraction instrument used for medical purposes.
- an instrument called a hebel is known as a tooth extraction device for performing tooth extraction in dental treatment, and is widely used in dental treatment.
- a hebel elevator
- Various forms of such a hebel are known.
- the hebel described in Patent Document 1 is known.
- the hebel described in Patent Document 1 has a gripping portion and a shaft portion extending from the gripping portion, the shaft portion has an insertion portion that is inserted between a tooth and an alveolar bone, A friction resistance increasing portion having at least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is provided at a portion of the shaft portion facing the alveolar bone in a state of being inserted between the tooth and the alveolar bone.
- the frictional resistance increasing part acts as a fulcrum when performing tooth dislocation using the principle of leverage.
- the operability is improved by preventing or suppressing the shift of the shaft portion from the alveolar bone.
- the procedure for extracting a tooth using such a hebel is that the tip of the hebel is inserted into the periodontal cavity (periodontal ligament) and the tooth is dislocated from the alveolar bone using the lever principle, and the tooth is removed with forceps. Grabbing and extracting teeth.
- extraction is performed by using a forceps while the tooth is dislocated at the time of extraction, if the Hebel position is not maintained in the dislocation state, extraction cannot be performed by the forceps, and the surgical procedure becomes complicated. There was a problem that it was difficult to shorten the operation time.
- the present invention has been made with the above problem as an example of an object, and an object thereof is to provide a tooth extraction device that can easily perform tooth extraction and suppress the number of devices to be sterilized.
- a tooth extraction instrument is a tooth extraction instrument having a first forceps body and a second forceps body which are connected to each other via a pivot and are rotatable about the pivot.
- the distal end of the first forceps body has an insertion portion that is inserted between a tooth and an alveolar bone.
- the second forceps body includes a grip portion at a tip.
- the second forceps body is attached to the first forceps body so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction.
- At least one of the first forceps body or the second forceps body includes a shaft support portion into which the pivot shaft can be inserted, and the shaft support portion is arranged in the longitudinal direction. It is preferable that the groove extends in the moving direction along.
- the insertion portion is detachably attached to the first forceps body.
- the first forceps body includes a first forceps body and a second forceps body that are connected to each other via a pivot and are rotatable around the pivot. Since it has an insertion part inserted between the alveolar bone, it can have the functions of a hebel and forceps, can simplify the surgical procedure and shorten the operation time, and suppress the number of instruments to be sterilized. be able to.
- the side view of the tooth extraction instrument which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention The enlarged view of the insertion part of the tooth extraction instrument which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention.
- the side view of the tooth extraction instrument which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention The side view which shows the state which moved the 2nd forceps body of the tooth extraction instrument which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a tooth extraction instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an insertion portion of the tooth extraction instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the description will be made with the right side of the first forceps body 11 in FIG.
- a tooth extraction instrument 10 includes a first forceps body 11 and a second forceps body 12 connected to each other via a pivot shaft 13.
- the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 are assembled so as to be rotatable around the axis of the pivot 13, and are formed at the proximal ends of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12, respectively.
- the distal ends of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 can be opened and closed by opening and closing the handle portions 14 and 14.
- the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 may be made of any material, but various metals including alloys such as stainless steel can be suitably used.
- the insertion portion 20 is formed at the distal end of the first forceps body 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the insertion portion 20 is formed in a thin flat shape from the forceps body 22 so that it can be easily inserted into the periodontal ligament space formed between the tooth and the alveolar bone at the time of extraction.
- the surface facing the tooth when the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal cavity is formed as a curved concave surface corresponding to the roundness of the tooth, and this shape makes it easy to fix the insertion portion 20 to the tooth. .
- the surface facing the alveolar bone in a state where the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal cavity is formed as a curved convex surface opposite to the surface facing the above-described tooth.
- the distal end of the insertion portion 20 has a sharp shape whose width gradually decreases toward the distal end, and the insertion portion 20 can be inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity. It has a shape that does not tear or cut the surrounding gingiva. By having the blade portion 21 in this way, the insertion portion 20 can be inserted into the periodontal cavity more easily and smoothly.
- the insertion part 20 is bent to the surface side (lower side in FIG. 1) facing the alveolar bone so that the tooth can be easily dislocated by the lever principle after being inserted into the periodontal cavity. Yes. Further, the insertion portion 20 may be formed straight without being bent.
- a grip portion 30 is formed at the tip of the second forceps body 12.
- the gripping portion 30 can grip the tooth dislocated by the insertion portion 20, and the surface facing the tooth is formed as a curved concave surface corresponding to the roundness of the tooth so that the tooth can be securely gripped. ing. Further, when the teeth are grasped by the grasping portion 30 with the handle portions 14 and 14 closed, the grasping portion 30 is bent toward the surface facing the teeth as a whole in order to reliably transmit the grasping force to the teeth. Yes.
- at least one surface among the surfaces facing the teeth of the grip portion 30 and the insertion portion 20 can be reliably gripped by forming a groove shape or an uneven shape.
- the tooth extraction instrument 10 opens the handle portions 14 and 14 of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 in order to dislodge the teeth, thereby holding the gripping portion.
- the tooth By retracting 30 to facilitate the insertion of the insertion portion 20 into the periodontal ligament cavity, the tooth can be dislocated by operating the insertion portion 20 by the lever principle.
- tooth extraction can be performed by closing the handle portions 14 and 14 so that the tooth is grasped by the grasping portion 30 and the insertion portion 20 in the dislocated state, so that the operation procedure is simplified and the operation time is shortened. The number of instruments to be sterilized can be suppressed.
- the tooth extraction instrument 10 includes a first forceps body 11 and a second forceps body 12 that are connected to each other via a pivot 13 and is inserted into the distal end of the first forceps body 11.
- the tooth extraction instrument according to the present invention rotates the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 around the pivot 13 as shown in the first embodiment. It is not restricted to the case where it connects so that movement is possible. Then, next, the tooth extraction instrument 10a which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated.
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 shows a state in which the second forceps body of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention is moved.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the insertion portion of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is.
- symbol is attached
- the second forceps body 12a is rotatably assembled to the first forceps body 11a and is movable in the longitudinal direction. It is assembled.
- the first forceps body 11a has an insertion portion 20a similar to that of the first embodiment described above at the distal end, a handle portion 14 formed on the proximal end side, and a substantially L-shaped end portion.
- a first stopper 18 is formed, which is bent and has a facing surface facing a second stopper 19 of a second forceps body 12a described later.
- the first forceps body 11a includes a shaft support portion 16 that is assembled so that the second forceps body 12a can be rotated and moved in the longitudinal direction.
- the insertion portion 20a has a separate structure including a fitting portion 23 that can be fitted into a fitting hole 24 formed in the first forceps body 11a.
- any fixing method may be adopted as long as the fitting portion 23 does not fall out of the fitting hole 24, and various fixing methods such as press fitting and fixing with a pin are adopted. Is possible.
- the grip portion 30 is formed at the distal end similarly to the above-described first embodiment, and the handle portion 14 is formed at the proximal end side. Further, a second stopper 19 is formed at the end of the handle portion 14 so as to face the facing surface of the first stopper 18 described above.
- the second forceps body 12a is assembled to the shaft support portion 16 of the first forceps body 11a so as to be rotatable and movable in the longitudinal direction.
- the shaft support 16 includes a first groove 16a extending in the width direction of the first forceps body 11a, and a second groove 16b extending from one end of the first groove 16a at a predetermined angle with respect to the longitudinal direction. It has.
- a shaft hole 13a is formed in the second forceps body 12a, and a shaft support pin which is a pivot (not shown) is inserted into the shaft hole 13a and is engaged with the shaft support portion 16.
- the shaft support 16 is assembled so that the second forceps body 12a is sandwiched between the plate member 15 and the first forceps body 11a, and the second forceps body 12a is disposed on the distal end side of the shaft support 16.
- a slope 17 is formed so that the second forceps body 12a does not open excessively when moved.
- the first stopper 18 of the handle portion 14 is formed, the first stopper 18 is easily pushed with a palm or the like when the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity. Further, in the state where the grip portion 30 is closed, the second stopper 19 abuts on the handle portion 14, so that a predetermined gap can be formed between the first forceps body 11a and the second forceps body 12a. The first forceps body 11a and the second forceps body 12a can be easily operated through a finger through the gap.
- Teeth can be grasped by the grasping portion 30, and tooth extraction can be performed in the same manner as conventional forceps. In this state, since the first stopper 18 and the second stopper 19 are separated from each other, the second forceps body 12a can turn around the pivot pin.
- the insertion portion 20 is formed integrally with the first forceps body 11
- the insertion portion 20 is a separate structure that is detachable from the first forceps body 11. It does not matter.
- the shaft support pin is integrally formed with the second forceps body 12a. It may be formed. Further, by forming a groove corresponding to the shaft support portion 16 in the plate member 15, it is possible to lock both ends of the pivot shaft and to smoothly move the second forceps body 12 a.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a tooth extraction appliance which facilitates extraction of a tooth and can reduce the number of appliances to be sterilized. This tooth extraction appliance includes a first forceps body and a second forceps body which are pivotally connected and are rotatable about the pivot, wherein the first forceps body has, on the distal end thereof, an insertion portion that is to be inserted between a tooth and the alveolar bone.
Description
本発明は、医療用に用いられる抜歯器具に関する。
The present invention relates to a tooth extraction instrument used for medical purposes.
従来から歯科治療において、抜歯を行うための抜歯器具として、ヘーベル（エレベータ）と呼ばれる器具が知られており、歯科治療において広く用いられている。このようなヘーベルは種々の形態が知られており、例えば特許文献１に記載されたヘーベルが知られている。
Conventionally, an instrument called a hebel (elevator) is known as a tooth extraction device for performing tooth extraction in dental treatment, and is widely used in dental treatment. Various forms of such a hebel are known. For example, the hebel described in Patent Document 1 is known.
特許文献１に記載のヘーベルは、把持部と、該把持部から延出する軸部とを有し、軸部は歯牙と歯槽骨との間に挿入される挿入部を有し、挿入部を歯牙と歯槽骨との間に挿入した状態にて、軸部の歯槽骨と対向する部位には、凹部および凸部の少なくとも一方を有する摩擦抵抗増大部が設けられている。
The hebel described in Patent Document 1 has a gripping portion and a shaft portion extending from the gripping portion, the shaft portion has an insertion portion that is inserted between a tooth and an alveolar bone, A friction resistance increasing portion having at least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is provided at a portion of the shaft portion facing the alveolar bone in a state of being inserted between the tooth and the alveolar bone.
このように、特許文献１に記載されたヘーベルは、摩擦抵抗増大部が形成されているので、当該摩擦抵抗増大部がテコの原理を用いて歯牙の脱臼を行う際に支点として作用することで、軸部の歯槽骨からのずれを防止又は抑制することで操作性を向上させている。
Thus, since the frictional resistance increasing part is formed in the Hebel described in Patent Document 1, the frictional resistance increasing part acts as a fulcrum when performing tooth dislocation using the principle of leverage. The operability is improved by preventing or suppressing the shift of the shaft portion from the alveolar bone.
このようなヘーベルを用いた抜歯の手順は、ヘーベルの先端を歯根膜腔（歯根膜）に挿入した状態でテコの原理を利用して歯牙を歯槽骨から脱臼させた状態で該歯牙を鉗子で把持して抜歯を行っている。しかし、抜歯時に歯牙が脱臼した状態で鉗子を用いるという手順で抜歯を行っているので、ヘーベルの位置を脱臼状態のまま保持しないと、鉗子によって抜歯を行うことができず、手術手順が煩雑となり、手術時間の短縮を図ることが難しいという問題があった。
The procedure for extracting a tooth using such a hebel is that the tip of the hebel is inserted into the periodontal cavity (periodontal ligament) and the tooth is dislocated from the alveolar bone using the lever principle, and the tooth is removed with forceps. Grabbing and extracting teeth. However, since extraction is performed by using a forceps while the tooth is dislocated at the time of extraction, if the Hebel position is not maintained in the dislocation state, extraction cannot be performed by the forceps, and the surgical procedure becomes complicated. There was a problem that it was difficult to shorten the operation time.
また、手術に用いる器具は器具の細菌汚染を防止するととともに、医療従事者の感染及び他の患者への二次感染を防ぐ観点から手術前に滅菌する必要があるが、従来の手術方法によるとヘーベルと鉗子の両器具を滅菌する必要があることから、滅菌作業に時間や費用が掛かるという問題もあった。
In addition, it is necessary to sterilize the instrument used for surgery before surgery from the viewpoint of preventing bacterial contamination of the instrument and preventing infection of medical personnel and secondary infection to other patients. Since both the Hebel and forceps instruments need to be sterilized, there is a problem that the sterilization work takes time and money.
そこで、本発明は上記問題を課題の一例として為されたもので、抜歯を容易に行うことができると共に、滅菌する器具の数を抑制することのできる抜歯器具を提供することを目的とする。
Therefore, the present invention has been made with the above problem as an example of an object, and an object thereof is to provide a tooth extraction device that can easily perform tooth extraction and suppress the number of devices to be sterilized.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る抜歯器具は、枢軸を介して互いに連結され、該枢軸回りに回動自在な第１の鉗子体と第２の鉗子体とを有した抜歯器具であって、前記第１の鉗子体の先端には、歯牙と歯槽骨との間に挿入される挿入部を有することを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a tooth extraction instrument according to the present invention is a tooth extraction instrument having a first forceps body and a second forceps body which are connected to each other via a pivot and are rotatable about the pivot. The distal end of the first forceps body has an insertion portion that is inserted between a tooth and an alveolar bone.
また、本発明に係る抜歯器具において、前記第２の鉗子体は、先端に把持部を備えると好適である。
Further, in the tooth extraction instrument according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second forceps body includes a grip portion at a tip.
また、本発明に係る抜歯器具において、前記第２の鉗子体は、前記第１の鉗子体に対して長手方向に移動可能に取り付けられると好適である。
In the tooth extraction instrument according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second forceps body is attached to the first forceps body so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction.
また、本発明に係る抜歯器具において、前記第１の鉗子体又は前記第２の鉗子体の少なくともいずれか一方は、前記枢軸が挿入可能な軸支部を備え、前記軸支部は、前記長手方向に沿った移動方向に延びる溝であると好適である。
In the tooth extraction instrument according to the present invention, at least one of the first forceps body or the second forceps body includes a shaft support portion into which the pivot shaft can be inserted, and the shaft support portion is arranged in the longitudinal direction. It is preferable that the groove extends in the moving direction along.
また、本発明に係る抜歯器具において、前記挿入部は、前記第１の鉗子体に対して着脱自在に取り付けられると好適である。
In the tooth extraction instrument according to the present invention, it is preferable that the insertion portion is detachably attached to the first forceps body.
本発明によれば、枢軸を介して互いに連結され、該枢軸回りに回動自在な第１の鉗子体と第２の鉗子体とを有し、第１の鉗子体の先端には、歯牙と歯槽骨との間に挿入される挿入部を有するので、ヘーベルと鉗子の機能を併せ持つことができ、手術手順の簡略化や手術時間の短縮を図ることができ、滅菌する器具の数を抑制することができる。
According to the present invention, the first forceps body includes a first forceps body and a second forceps body that are connected to each other via a pivot and are rotatable around the pivot. Since it has an insertion part inserted between the alveolar bone, it can have the functions of a hebel and forceps, can simplify the surgical procedure and shorten the operation time, and suppress the number of instruments to be sterilized. be able to.
［第１の実施形態］
以下、本発明を実施するための好適な実施形態について、図面を用いて説明する。なお、以下の実施形態は、各請求項に係る発明を限定するものではなく、また、実施形態の中で説明されている特徴の組み合わせの全てが発明の解決手段に必須であるとは限らない。 [First Embodiment]
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention according to each claim, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution means of the invention. .
以下、本発明を実施するための好適な実施形態について、図面を用いて説明する。なお、以下の実施形態は、各請求項に係る発明を限定するものではなく、また、実施形態の中で説明されている特徴の組み合わせの全てが発明の解決手段に必須であるとは限らない。 [First Embodiment]
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention according to each claim, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution means of the invention. .
図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の側面図であり、図２は、本発明の第１の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の挿入部の拡大図である。なお、以下の実施形態において、図１における第１の鉗子体１１の右側を基端と、左側を先端として説明を行う。
FIG. 1 is a side view of a tooth extraction instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an insertion portion of the tooth extraction instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the following embodiment, the description will be made with the right side of the first forceps body 11 in FIG.
図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る抜歯器具１０は、枢軸１３を介して互いに連結された第１の鉗子体１１と第２の鉗子体１２とを備えている。第１の鉗子体１１と第２の鉗子体１２は枢軸１３の軸周りに回動自在に組み付けられており、第１の鉗子体１１と第２の鉗子体１２の基端部にそれぞれ形成されたハンドル部１４，１４を開閉操作することで、第１の鉗子体１１及び第２の鉗子体１２の先端を開閉することができるように構成されている。なお、第１の鉗子体１１及び第２の鉗子体１２はどのような材料を用いて構成しても構わないが、例えばステンレス鋼等の合金を含む各種金属を好適に用いることができる。
As shown in FIG. 1, a tooth extraction instrument 10 according to the present embodiment includes a first forceps body 11 and a second forceps body 12 connected to each other via a pivot shaft 13. The first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 are assembled so as to be rotatable around the axis of the pivot 13, and are formed at the proximal ends of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12, respectively. The distal ends of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 can be opened and closed by opening and closing the handle portions 14 and 14. The first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 may be made of any material, but various metals including alloys such as stainless steel can be suitably used.
第１の鉗子体１１の先端には、挿入部２０が形成されている。図２に示すように、挿入部２０は、抜歯の際に歯牙と歯槽骨の間に形成される歯根膜腔に挿入しやすいように、鉗子体本体２２から薄肉な扁平形状に形成されており、挿入部２０が歯根膜腔に挿入された状態で歯牙と対向する面は、歯牙の丸みに対応する湾曲凹面に形成されており、この形状によって挿入部２０を歯牙に固定しやすくなっている。また、挿入部２０が歯根膜腔に挿入された状態で歯槽骨と対向する面は、上述した歯牙と対向する面とは反対に湾曲凸面に形成されている。
The insertion portion 20 is formed at the distal end of the first forceps body 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the insertion portion 20 is formed in a thin flat shape from the forceps body 22 so that it can be easily inserted into the periodontal ligament space formed between the tooth and the alveolar bone at the time of extraction. The surface facing the tooth when the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal cavity is formed as a curved concave surface corresponding to the roundness of the tooth, and this shape makes it easy to fix the insertion portion 20 to the tooth. . In addition, the surface facing the alveolar bone in a state where the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal cavity is formed as a curved convex surface opposite to the surface facing the above-described tooth.
また、図２に示すように、挿入部２０の先端は、先端に向かって幅が漸減する鋭利な形状となっており、挿入部２０を歯根膜腔に挿入できるが、挿入部２０の挿入によって周囲歯肉に裂開や切傷を与えない形状とされている。このように刃部２１を有することで、より簡単かつ円滑に挿入部２０を歯根膜腔に挿入することができる。なお、図１に示すように挿入部２０は、歯根膜腔に挿入した後にテコの原理によって歯牙を脱臼させやすいように、歯槽骨と対向する面側（図１における下側）に屈曲している。また、挿入部２０は、屈曲せずにまっすぐに形成しても構わない。
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the distal end of the insertion portion 20 has a sharp shape whose width gradually decreases toward the distal end, and the insertion portion 20 can be inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity. It has a shape that does not tear or cut the surrounding gingiva. By having the blade portion 21 in this way, the insertion portion 20 can be inserted into the periodontal cavity more easily and smoothly. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the insertion part 20 is bent to the surface side (lower side in FIG. 1) facing the alveolar bone so that the tooth can be easily dislocated by the lever principle after being inserted into the periodontal cavity. Yes. Further, the insertion portion 20 may be formed straight without being bent.
さらに、第２の鉗子体１２の先端には、把持部３０が形成されている。把持部３０は挿入部２０によって脱臼した状態の歯牙を把持することができ、歯牙の把持を確実に行うことができるように歯牙と対向する面が、歯牙の丸みに対応する湾曲凹面に形成されている。また、ハンドル部１４，１４を閉じて把持部３０によって歯牙の把持を行う際、該把持力を確実に歯牙に伝達させるために把持部３０は全体的に歯牙と対向する面側に屈曲している。なお、把持部３０及び挿入部２０の歯牙と対向する面のうち少なくとも一方の面は、溝形状や凹凸形状を形成することで歯牙の把持を確実に行うことができる。
Furthermore, a grip portion 30 is formed at the tip of the second forceps body 12. The gripping portion 30 can grip the tooth dislocated by the insertion portion 20, and the surface facing the tooth is formed as a curved concave surface corresponding to the roundness of the tooth so that the tooth can be securely gripped. ing. Further, when the teeth are grasped by the grasping portion 30 with the handle portions 14 and 14 closed, the grasping portion 30 is bent toward the surface facing the teeth as a whole in order to reliably transmit the grasping force to the teeth. Yes. In addition, at least one surface among the surfaces facing the teeth of the grip portion 30 and the insertion portion 20 can be reliably gripped by forming a groove shape or an uneven shape.
このように構成された本実施形態に係る抜歯器具１０は、歯牙の脱臼を行うために、第１の鉗子体１１と第２の鉗子体１２のハンドル部１４，１４を開くことで、把持部３０を退避させて挿入部２０を歯根膜腔に挿入しやすくすると共に、挿入部２０を操作することでテコの原理によって歯牙を脱臼させることができる。また、脱臼させた状態で把持部３０と挿入部２０とで該歯牙を把持するようにハンドル部１４，１４を閉じることで抜歯を行うことができるので、手術手順の簡略化や手術時間の短縮を図ることができ、滅菌する器具の数を抑制することができる。
The tooth extraction instrument 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above opens the handle portions 14 and 14 of the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 in order to dislodge the teeth, thereby holding the gripping portion. By retracting 30 to facilitate the insertion of the insertion portion 20 into the periodontal ligament cavity, the tooth can be dislocated by operating the insertion portion 20 by the lever principle. In addition, tooth extraction can be performed by closing the handle portions 14 and 14 so that the tooth is grasped by the grasping portion 30 and the insertion portion 20 in the dislocated state, so that the operation procedure is simplified and the operation time is shortened. The number of instruments to be sterilized can be suppressed.
以上説明した第１の実施形態に係る抜歯器具１０は、枢軸１３を介して互いに連結された第１の鉗子体１１と第２の鉗子体１２を備え、第１の鉗子体１１の先端に挿入部２０を形成した場合について説明を行ったが、本発明に係る抜歯器具は、第１の実施形態で示したように第１の鉗子体１１と第２の鉗子体１２とを枢軸１３で回動可能に連結した場合に限られない。そこで、次に第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具１０ａについて説明を行う。
The tooth extraction instrument 10 according to the first embodiment described above includes a first forceps body 11 and a second forceps body 12 that are connected to each other via a pivot 13 and is inserted into the distal end of the first forceps body 11. Although the case where the part 20 is formed has been described, the tooth extraction instrument according to the present invention rotates the first forceps body 11 and the second forceps body 12 around the pivot 13 as shown in the first embodiment. It is not restricted to the case where it connects so that movement is possible. Then, next, the tooth extraction instrument 10a which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated.
［第２の実施形態］
図３は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の側面図であり、図４は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の第２の鉗子体を移動させた状態を示す側面図であり、図５は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の分解図であり、図６は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の挿入部の拡大図である。なお、上述した第１の実施形態と同一または類似の部材については同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。 [Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a side view of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which the second forceps body of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention is moved. FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the insertion portion of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same or similar member as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
図３は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の側面図であり、図４は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の第２の鉗子体を移動させた状態を示す側面図であり、図５は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の分解図であり、図６は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る抜歯器具の挿入部の拡大図である。なお、上述した第１の実施形態と同一または類似の部材については同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。 [Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a side view of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which the second forceps body of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention is moved. FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the insertion portion of the tooth extraction instrument according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same or similar member as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
図３及び図４に示すように、本実施形態に係る抜歯器具１０ａは、第２の鉗子体１２ａが第１の鉗子体１１ａに対して回動自在に組み付けられると共に、長手方向に移動可能に組み付けられている。
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the tooth extraction instrument 10a according to the present embodiment, the second forceps body 12a is rotatably assembled to the first forceps body 11a and is movable in the longitudinal direction. It is assembled.
第１の鉗子体１１ａは、先端に上述した第１の実施形態と同様の挿入部２０ａが形成されると共に、基端側にハンドル部１４が形成されており、端部に略Ｌ字状に屈曲して後述する第２の鉗子体１２ａの第２のストッパ１９と対向する対向面が形成された第１のストッパ１８が形成されている。また、第１の鉗子体１１ａは、第２の鉗子体１２ａを回動可能かつ長手方向に移動可能に組み付けられる軸支部１６を備えている。
The first forceps body 11a has an insertion portion 20a similar to that of the first embodiment described above at the distal end, a handle portion 14 formed on the proximal end side, and a substantially L-shaped end portion. A first stopper 18 is formed, which is bent and has a facing surface facing a second stopper 19 of a second forceps body 12a described later. Further, the first forceps body 11a includes a shaft support portion 16 that is assembled so that the second forceps body 12a can be rotated and moved in the longitudinal direction.
また、図６に示すように、挿入部２０ａは、第１の鉗子体１１ａに形成された嵌合孔２４に嵌合可能な嵌合部２３を備えた別体構造となっている。なお、挿入部２０ａの固定方法は、嵌合孔２４から嵌合部２３が脱落しなければ、どのような固定方法を採用してもよく、圧入やピンで固定等、種々の固定方法を採用することが可能である。
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the insertion portion 20a has a separate structure including a fitting portion 23 that can be fitted into a fitting hole 24 formed in the first forceps body 11a. As the fixing method of the insertion portion 20a, any fixing method may be adopted as long as the fitting portion 23 does not fall out of the fitting hole 24, and various fixing methods such as press fitting and fixing with a pin are adopted. Is possible.
第２の鉗子体１２ａは、先端に上述した第１の実施形態と同様に把持部３０が形成されると共に、基端側にハンドル部１４が形成されている。また、ハンドル部１４の端部には、上述した第１のストッパ１８の対向面と対向する第２のストッパ１９が形成されている。
In the second forceps body 12a, the grip portion 30 is formed at the distal end similarly to the above-described first embodiment, and the handle portion 14 is formed at the proximal end side. Further, a second stopper 19 is formed at the end of the handle portion 14 so as to face the facing surface of the first stopper 18 described above.
図５に示すように、第２の鉗子体１２ａは、第１の鉗子体１１ａの軸支部１６に回動自在かつ長手方向に移動可能に組み付けられる。軸支部１６は、第１の鉗子体１１ａの幅方向に延びる第１の溝１６ａと、第１の溝１６ａの一端から長手方向に対して所定の角度で傾斜して延びる第２の溝１６ｂとを備えている。また、第２の鉗子体１２ａには軸孔１３ａが形成されており、図示しない枢軸である軸支ピンが該軸孔１３ａに挿入されると共に、軸支部１６と係合している。なお、軸支部１６は、プレート部材１５と第１の鉗子体１１ａとによって第２の鉗子体１２ａを挟み込むように組み付けられており、軸支部１６には、第２の鉗子体１２ａを先端側に移動させた際に第２の鉗子体１２ａが過大に開かないように斜面１７が形成されている。
As shown in FIG. 5, the second forceps body 12a is assembled to the shaft support portion 16 of the first forceps body 11a so as to be rotatable and movable in the longitudinal direction. The shaft support 16 includes a first groove 16a extending in the width direction of the first forceps body 11a, and a second groove 16b extending from one end of the first groove 16a at a predetermined angle with respect to the longitudinal direction. It has. A shaft hole 13a is formed in the second forceps body 12a, and a shaft support pin which is a pivot (not shown) is inserted into the shaft hole 13a and is engaged with the shaft support portion 16. The shaft support 16 is assembled so that the second forceps body 12a is sandwiched between the plate member 15 and the first forceps body 11a, and the second forceps body 12a is disposed on the distal end side of the shaft support 16. A slope 17 is formed so that the second forceps body 12a does not open excessively when moved.
このように構成されることで、図３に示すように第２の鉗子体１２ａを第１の鉗子体１１ａの長手方向に沿って基端側に移動させると、第１の鉗子体１１ａの先端の挿入部２０ａが第２の鉗子体１２ａの先端の把持部３０よりも突出することで、歯牙の脱臼が行いやすくなる。また、この状態では、図６に示すように幅方向に延びる第１の溝１６ａに軸支ピンが係合するので、長手方向及び回動方向に不用意に移動することを防止でき、ハンドル部１４，１４を把持することで従来のヘーベルと同様の使用感を得ることができる。さらに、ハンドル部１４の第１のストッパ１８が形成されることで、挿入部２０を歯根膜腔に挿入する際に、掌などで第１のストッパ１８を押しやすく形成されている。また、把持部３０を閉じた状態では、第２のストッパ１９がハンドル部１４に当接するので、第１の鉗子体１１ａと第２の鉗子体１２ａの間に所定の隙間を形成することができ、該隙間に指を通して第１の鉗子体１１ａ及び第２の鉗子体１２ａの操作を容易に行うことができるように構成されている。
With this configuration, when the second forceps body 12a is moved to the proximal side along the longitudinal direction of the first forceps body 11a as shown in FIG. 3, the distal end of the first forceps body 11a Since the insertion portion 20a protrudes from the grip portion 30 at the tip of the second forceps body 12a, the tooth can be easily dislocated. Further, in this state, as shown in FIG. 6, since the shaft support pin is engaged with the first groove 16a extending in the width direction, the handle portion can be prevented from inadvertently moving in the longitudinal direction and the rotation direction. By gripping 14, 14, it is possible to obtain a feeling of use similar to that of a conventional hebel. Further, since the first stopper 18 of the handle portion 14 is formed, the first stopper 18 is easily pushed with a palm or the like when the insertion portion 20 is inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity. Further, in the state where the grip portion 30 is closed, the second stopper 19 abuts on the handle portion 14, so that a predetermined gap can be formed between the first forceps body 11a and the second forceps body 12a. The first forceps body 11a and the second forceps body 12a can be easily operated through a finger through the gap.
また、歯牙を脱臼した状態で、図４に示すように、軸支ピンを第２の溝１６ｂに沿って移動するように操作して第２の鉗子体１２ａを先端側に移動させれば、把持部３０によって歯牙の把持を行うことができ、従来の鉗子と同様に歯牙の抜歯を行うことができる。この状態では、第１のストッパ１８と第２のストッパ１９とは互いに離間しているので、第２の鉗子体１２ａは軸支ピン回りに回動可能となる。
If the tooth is dislocated and the second forceps body 12a is moved to the distal end side by operating the pivot pin to move along the second groove 16b as shown in FIG. Teeth can be grasped by the grasping portion 30, and tooth extraction can be performed in the same manner as conventional forceps. In this state, since the first stopper 18 and the second stopper 19 are separated from each other, the second forceps body 12a can turn around the pivot pin.
以上、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明の技術的範囲は上記実施形態の記載に限定されない。上記実施形態には、多様な変更又は改良を加えることが可能である。
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description of the above embodiments. Various modifications or improvements can be added to the embodiment.
例えば、上記第１の実施形態において、挿入部２０は第１の鉗子体１１と一体に形成した場合について説明を行ったが、挿入部２０は第１の鉗子体１１に着脱自在な別体構造としても構わない。また、上記第２の実施形態においては、軸支ピンは、第２の鉗子体１２ａに形成された軸孔１３ａに挿入された場合について説明を行ったが、第２の鉗子体１２ａに一体に形成しても構わない。また、プレート部材１５に軸支部１６と対応する溝を形成することで、枢軸の両端を係止させて、第２の鉗子体１２ａの移動を円滑にすることも可能である。
For example, in the first embodiment, the case where the insertion portion 20 is formed integrally with the first forceps body 11 has been described, but the insertion portion 20 is a separate structure that is detachable from the first forceps body 11. It does not matter. In the second embodiment, the case where the pivot pin is inserted into the shaft hole 13a formed in the second forceps body 12a has been described. However, the shaft support pin is integrally formed with the second forceps body 12a. It may be formed. Further, by forming a groove corresponding to the shaft support portion 16 in the plate member 15, it is possible to lock both ends of the pivot shaft and to smoothly move the second forceps body 12 a.
その様な変更又は改良を加えた形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれ得ることが、特許請求の範囲の記載から明らかである。
It is apparent from the description of the scope of claims that embodiments with such changes or improvements can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.
１０，１０ａ 抜歯器具， １１，１１ａ 第１の鉗子体， １２，１２ａ 第２の鉗子体， １３ 枢軸， １４ ハンドル部， １５ プレート部材， １６ 軸支部， １６ａ 第１の溝， １６ｂ 第２の溝， １７ 斜面， １８ 第１のストッパ， １９ 第２のストッパ， ２０ 挿入部， ２１ 刃部， ２２ 鉗子体本体， ２３ 嵌合部， ２４ 嵌合孔， ３０ 把持部。
10, 10a tooth extraction instrument, 11, 11a first forceps body, 12, 12a second forceps body, 13 pivots, 14 handle parts, 15 plate members, 16 shaft support parts, 16a first groove, 16b second groove , 17 slope, 18 1st stopper, 19 2nd stopper, 20 insertion part, 21 blade part, 22 forceps body body, 23 fitting part, 24 fitting hole, 30 gripping part.
Claims (5)
- 枢軸を介して互いに連結され、該枢軸回りに回動自在な第１の鉗子体と第２の鉗子体とを有した抜歯器具であって、
前記第１の鉗子体の先端には、歯牙と歯槽骨との間に挿入される挿入部を有することを特徴とする抜歯器具。 A tooth extraction instrument having a first forceps body and a second forceps body that are connected to each other via a pivot and are rotatable about the pivot,
A tooth extraction instrument having an insertion portion inserted between a tooth and an alveolar bone at a tip of the first forceps body. - 請求項１に記載の抜歯器具において、
前記第２の鉗子体は、先端に把持部を備えることを特徴とする抜歯器具。 The tooth extraction device according to claim 1,
The second forceps body is provided with a grasping portion at a tip thereof. - 請求項１又は２に記載の抜歯器具において、
前記第２の鉗子体は、前記第１の鉗子体に対して長手方向に移動可能に取り付けられることを特徴とする抜歯器具。 The tooth extraction device according to claim 1 or 2,
The tooth extraction instrument, wherein the second forceps body is attached to the first forceps body so as to be movable in a longitudinal direction. - 請求項３に記載の抜歯器具において、
前記第１の鉗子体又は前記第２の鉗子体の少なくともいずれか一方は、前記枢軸が挿入可能な軸支部を備え、前記軸支部は、前記長手方向に沿った移動方向に延びる溝であることを特徴とする抜歯器具。 The tooth extraction device according to claim 3,
At least one of the first forceps body or the second forceps body includes a shaft support portion into which the pivot shaft can be inserted, and the shaft support portion is a groove extending in the movement direction along the longitudinal direction. Dental extraction device characterized by - 請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の抜歯器具において、
前記挿入部は、前記第１の鉗子体に対して着脱自在に取り付けられることを特徴とする抜歯器具。 The tooth extraction instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The tooth extraction instrument, wherein the insertion portion is detachably attached to the first forceps body.
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| PCT/JP2018/004602 WO2019155606A1 (en) | 2018-02-09 | 2018-02-09 | Tooth extraction appliance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/004602 WO2019155606A1 (en) | 2018-02-09 | 2018-02-09 | Tooth extraction appliance |
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| WO2019155606A1 true WO2019155606A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1537869A (en) * | 1967-07-18 | 1968-08-30 | Surgical forceps, especially for tibial plates and drumsticks | |
| US3456349A (en) * | 1967-07-20 | 1969-07-22 | Werner Heimann | Pliers |
| JPS4935994U (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1974-03-29 | ||
| JPS55171016U (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1980-12-08 | ||
| JPS6261213U (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1987-04-16 | ||
| JPH1057401A (en) * | 1996-08-22 | 1998-03-03 | Osada Res Inst Ltd | Tooth extraction device |
| JP2012029897A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-16 | Hiroshi Kurata | Tooth extraction instrument |
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2018
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1537869A (en) * | 1967-07-18 | 1968-08-30 | Surgical forceps, especially for tibial plates and drumsticks | |
| US3456349A (en) * | 1967-07-20 | 1969-07-22 | Werner Heimann | Pliers |
| JPS4935994U (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1974-03-29 | ||
| JPS55171016U (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1980-12-08 | ||
| JPS6261213U (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1987-04-16 | ||
| JPH1057401A (en) * | 1996-08-22 | 1998-03-03 | Osada Res Inst Ltd | Tooth extraction device |
| JP2012029897A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-16 | Hiroshi Kurata | Tooth extraction instrument |
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