JP2012029897A - Tooth extraction instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tooth extraction instrument which is made to have functions of a lever and a forceps with one instrument.SOLUTION: The tooth extraction instrument 10 is such that a tooth extraction operating part 18 which extends from a base end part to an upper part making a pair, and counters the ends of both grips 11 and 12 arranged at right and left parts is formed, when the both grips are grasped by a hand, the both tooth extraction operating parts 18 which counter resisting with the elasticity of the base end part approach mutually, when the force of the hand is released, the both tooth extraction operating parts 18 are separated mutually according to the restoration force of the elasticity of the base end part, and a predetermined interval can be held. The tooth extraction operating part 18 includes a lever operating part 14 at the tip side and a forceps operating part 16 which follows this, the lever operating part 14 has a sharp end which can be pushed between a tooth and an alveolar bone, the forceps operating part 16 includes a holding part for holding a tooth along the axis, in the lever operating part 14 and the forceps operating part 16 a recessed part 19 with a cross section of a circular arc which can meet the tooth is formed, and further the both lever operating parts 14 are configured to incline inside a little in the direction in which the ends approach mutually.

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a tooth extraction device, and more particularly to a tooth extraction device in which the functions of a conventional tooth extraction lever and forceps are combined with one device.

  Traditionally, dental extraction is performed by inserting the tip of the insulator into the periodontal ligament space between the tooth and the alveolar bone, alternating slightly in the forward and reverse directions around the wedge action, lever action, or the axis of the insulator itself. A so-called ring-shaft action that rotates and alternately repeats these steps to expand the alveoli and dislocation, grasp the crown in the direction along the long axis of the tooth using forceps, and the mesial direction and the centrifugal direction A method of making the dislocation discontinuous by a so-called ring-shaft action that rotates slightly in the forward and reverse directions around the axis of the tooth shaft, or by alternately repeating them by a lever action that is caused to vibrate alternately and slightly. In general, it is carried out by a method of removing the teeth with forceps, etc. by moving the levers and forceps alternately and promoting dislocation.

  However, the insulator is provided with a hook portion having a blade at the tip of the support shaft extending from the handle portion, and is used by grasping the handle portion with one hand. When inserting the hook portion into the periodontal cavity, the tip portion Since there is nothing to support and guide, there is a problem in that there is a risk of injury such as damage to soft tissues such as the oral mucosa and the alveolar bone when the tip is unstable when it is unstable.

Also, the forceps are finally shaped like a tip, and the point of action of the gripping force at the tip and the point of grip of the hand at the other end tend to be far away, and the force of gripping at the tip is finely adjusted. In addition, since the reaction force of the force grasped by the tip cannot be sensitively sensed at hand, the following problem arises. In other words, if the tooth to be extracted is weak, such as a decayed tooth, the limit of collapse should be taken into consideration, and the gripping force should be adjusted accordingly, so that the reaction force of the gripping force at the tip is sensitive at hand. Since it cannot be obtained, there is a problem that as a result, the gripping force is excessively applied, the crown or root of the tooth collapses, and the treatment must be stopped.
Furthermore, there is a problem that the method of performing the operation by alternately changing the lever and the forceps does not increase the efficiency of the operation and is troublesome.

JP-A-11-267136 JP 2001-198142 A JP 2007-135945 A Patent Documents 1 and 2 relate to forceps, and Patent Documents 3 and 4 relate to a lever. In any of these patent documents, a tooth extraction instrument having both the functions of a lever and a forceps is disclosed. There is no description nor suggestion.

  The problems to be solved are as follows: (1) At the time of tooth extraction, the insulator slips from the treatment site and may damage surrounding soft tissue and alveolar bone. (2) Finally, a forceps Is that the distance between the part that grips the tooth and the part that applies gripping force by hand tends to be far away, and it is difficult to finely adjust the gripping force, and sometimes the weak tooth may collapse. Yes, (3) When tooth extraction is performed by alternately using an insulator and forceps, it takes time to change the tooth, and the efficiency of the treatment is reduced, and it is troublesome.

  The present invention has been made against the background of such circumstances, and while the inventor has continued various studies, the tip of the present invention can be obtained by folding in half at the middle part of an elastic member and holding or loosening it by hand. The teeth are closed or open, and on both open ends, tooth extraction action parts are provided opposite to each other so that the tooth extraction is performed while holding the crown. The rear end side portion that follows this portion is conceived as a portion that acts as a forceps, and the present invention is completed. The object of the present invention is to provide (1) a tooth extraction instrument that has both the function of a lever and the function of a forceps in one instrument so that the action of the lever and the action of the forceps can be performed without changing the instrument. And (2) to provide a tooth extraction device that can avoid the risk of damaging the surrounding soft tissue and alveolar bone by sliding the tip from the treatment site when the insulator is operated. (2) To provide a tooth extraction device that can finely adjust the force of grasping a tooth when a forceps is applied, and can avoid the collapse of the tooth.

The present invention made to achieve such an object is configured as follows.
A. Both grips that extend upward from the base end in a pair and are arranged on the left and right sides are integrally connected on the base end side, and the front ends of both grips face each other. Tooth extraction action parts are provided, and both gripping parts are gripped by hand so that the opposing tooth extraction action parts approach each other against the elasticity of the base end part, and when the hand is loosened, the elastic restoring force of the base end part The tooth extraction action part is separated from each other and maintains a predetermined interval by the tooth extraction action part, the tooth extraction action part acting as a lever located on the distal end side of the tooth action part and the lever action part. A forceps acting portion that acts as a forceps formed continuously, and the lever acting portion has a sharp tip that can be pushed between the tooth and the alveolar bone, and the forceps acting portion has the tooth along its axis. A clamping part for clamping the clamp and the forceps action part and the forceps action part A tooth extraction device in which a concave portion having an arc-shaped cross section is formed inward so as to be along a tooth, and the lateral width of the tooth extraction action portion is one of large, medium, and small sizes.
B: In the tooth extraction device according to paragraph A, both lever action portions are slightly inward in the direction in which the tips approach each other so that the tips can grip the root side beyond the neck and can be pushed into the periodontal cavity. Tooth extraction device that is inclined to the side.
The tooth extraction device according to item A or B, wherein the tooth extraction action part has a width of 4 to 5 mm, 3 to 4 mm, and 2 to 3 mm, respectively.
The tooth extraction device according to any one of items DA to C, wherein the tooth extraction device itself is configured such that the tip side is inclined to the left side or the right side from an intermediate portion thereof.
The tooth extraction device according to Item E, wherein the angle of inclination of the distal end side of the tooth extraction device itself to the left side or the right side is about 20 to 30 degrees.
The tooth extraction instrument according to any one of F A to C, wherein the tooth extraction instrument itself has an intermediate portion with a distal end inclined toward the front side or the rear side.
The tooth extraction device according to paragraph GF, wherein the angle at which the tip side inclines toward the near side or the rear side from the middle part of the tooth extraction device itself is about 45 degrees.
The tooth extraction device according to any one of items HA to C, wherein the tooth extraction device itself bends to the left or right side at its intermediate portion, and its tip portion is further inclined to the near side or the back side. Instruments.
In the tooth extraction instrument described in IH, the distal end side of ¼ of the entire length of the dental extraction instrument itself is curved to the left or right side by about 10 degrees, and the distal end side is inclined to the front side or the rear side by about 45 degrees. Tooth extraction instrument.
In the tooth extraction device according to any one of Items A to I, the tooth extraction device itself includes an upper member obtained by dividing the left grip portion into two at the middle portion and an upper member obtained by dividing the right grip portion into two at the intermediate portion. And a separate member having elasticity on the lower base end side obtained by dividing the left and right grip portions into two at the middle portion, and these members are integrally joined together.
In the tooth extraction instrument according to any one of K A to J, both grips are divided into two at the base end instead of the two grips formed integrally, and both grips are at the base end. Are connected to each other so that the tip can be opened and closed to the left and right, and a spring member is arranged between the grips, and the tooth extraction action parts at the tips of the grips are urged away from each other. A tooth extraction device in which a portion for limiting the rotation is provided between the grip portions so that a predetermined interval is maintained between the tooth extraction action portions.
In the tooth extraction device described in the section LK, both grip portions are connected to each other by being inserted with a common pin in a hole provided in each base end portion, or by a hinge provided on the base end side. A tooth extraction device that is pivotally connected.
In the tooth extraction instrument described in the MK term or the L term, the arrangement of the spring member between the grip portions is stopped, and the tooth extraction action portions at the tips of the grip portions are not biased in a direction away from each other. Tooth extraction instrument.
In the tooth extraction instrument according to any one of NK to M, the pair of gripping portions are provided with a tooth extraction action portion at the distal end portion of the grip portion main body with the proximal end portion being thicker and the distal end side being thinner. In addition, a tooth extraction device in which both grip portions are rotatably connected on the base end side.
1. The tooth extraction device according to item N, wherein the tip of the tooth extraction action portion made of a separate member is attached to the tip of the grip portion main body.
Here, “the forceps action portion acting as a forceps formed continuously with the lever action portion” means that the end of the forceps action portion itself is in contact with the end of the lever action portion. This includes not only the case where the forceps action part is formed but also the case where the forceps action part is formed by overlapping a part of the forceps action part itself.

In the present invention, (1) the function of the lever and the function of the forceps are combined with one instrument, so that the action of the lever and the action of the forceps can be performed without changing the instrument, and the efficiency of tooth extraction is improved. And has the advantage of eliminating the hassle of changing.
(2) The tip of both grips that act as an insulator is formed with a concave portion that can be along the tooth, and the tooth is sandwiched from both sides, so that the tip slides out of the treatment site and softens the surrounding soft tissue and alveolar bone There is an advantage that the possibility of damage can be avoided. (3) When the forceps are operated, the tooth-holding portion of the extraction device of the present invention can be brought close to the portion to which the force is applied by hand, so that the force for holding the tooth can be finely adjusted. This is advantageous in that it can avoid the decay of weak teeth such as caries.

(A) is a front view showing a part of the embodiment of the present invention in a state where the tip is closed, (b) is a side view thereof, and (c) is a front view showing a state where the tip is normally opened. (D) is an AA enlarged cut end view in FIG. (A), (E) is an BB enlarged sectional view in FIG. (B), and (F) and (G) are used states of this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing of the modification which shows the state which changed the partial dimension of the Example. (A) to (b) are a front view and a side view showing a state in which the tip of another embodiment of the present invention is closed, (c) is a CC enlarged cut end view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a DD enlarged sectional view of FIG. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing of the modification which shows the state which changed the partial dimension of the Example. (A) to (b) are a front view and a side view showing a state in which the tip of another embodiment of the present invention is closed, (c) is an EE enlarged cut end view in FIG. These are FF expanded sectional views of the same figure (b). (A) and (B) are a front view and a side view showing a state in which a tip portion of another different embodiment applicable to each of the above embodiments is closed, and (C) is an explanatory view of a part of the embodiment. ) Is an explanatory view showing a modified example thereof. (A) is a schematic explanatory view showing how the force of a conventional forceps is applied (principle of operation), and (b) is a schematic explanatory view showing that of the tooth extraction instrument of the present embodiment. (A) and (B) are a front view and a side view showing still another embodiment in which the embodiment of the present invention is changed, (C) is a cut end view of each part of the side view, and (D) (Ri) is a partial explanatory view showing each part of the embodiment, (nu) is a front view showing a normal state in which a pair of constituent members of the embodiment shown in (a) and (b) is opened. (A) and (B) are a partial front view and a partial side view, with a part omitted, showing another embodiment of the present invention in which the grip body portion is inclined in the three-dimensional direction.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a tooth extraction device, which is composed of an elastic member (for example, steel). The tooth extraction device 10 includes a lever action part 14 and a forceps action part 16 following the lever action part 14 as shown in FIG. The tooth extraction action portions 18 are formed to face each other. It is considered that the boundary between the two action portions 14 and 16 is not clear and overlaps each other.
By grasping both grips 11 and 12 by hand, both tooth extraction action portions 18 opposed to each other against the elasticity of the base end part approach each other, and when the hand is loosened, both tooth extraction actions by the elastic restoring force of the base end part The parts 18 are spaced apart from each other and hold a predetermined distance. FIG. 6A shows a state in which the tooth extraction action portions 18 are close to each other against the elasticity of the proximal end portion by grasping with the hand. FIG. 3C shows a state in which the hand is loosened and the space between the tooth extraction action portions 18 is opened. The maximum opening between both tooth extraction action portions 18 is normally about 30 mm. The base end side is thinned so that it can be bent by hand, and the width is widened to maintain strength, and the width is narrowed toward the tip.

  The lever action part 14 has a sharp tip that can be inserted between the teeth and the alveolar bone (periodontal cavity), and the forceps action part 16 has a pinching part for pinching the tooth along its axis. At the same time, the tooth extraction action part 18 provided with the lever action part 14 and the forceps action part 16 is provided with a concave part 19 having an arcuate cross section inward so as to be along each tooth as shown in FIG. Is formed. Further, the lever action portions 14 at the tips of the grip portions 11 and 12 are configured to be slightly inwardly inclined in the direction in which the tip portions approach each other, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6F and 6G, the tip of the tooth extraction action portion 18 can be inserted into the periodontal cavity around the narrower root across the tooth necks of the teeth 20 and 21. It is a thing. This is because, if the tooth extraction action portions 18 are parallel to each other, the distal end portion cannot be inserted into the periodontal ligament cavity.

  The tooth extraction instrument 10 of the embodiment configured as described above includes a lever action portion that functions as a lever and a forceps action portion that functions as a forceps at the distal end side of the grip portion. Even if it is not, it can be used as a forceps and a forceps, improving the efficiency of tooth extraction treatment and eliminating the troublesomeness of changing the teeth. In addition, the tip of both gripping parts that act as a lever is formed with a concave part that can be along the tooth, and the tooth is sandwiched from both sides, so the tip slips out of the treatment site and damages the surrounding soft tissue and alveolar bone The risk of doing so can be avoided. Further, when the forceps are operated, the tooth-holding portion of the extraction device of this embodiment can be brought close to the portion to which the force is applied by hand, so that the force for gripping the tooth can be finely adjusted. It is possible to avoid the decay of weak teeth such as caries.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the conventional forceps 1 has a joint pin, that is, a fulcrum S in the middle, and the tooth extraction instrument 10 of this embodiment can be seen from the way of applying force. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the sum formula is a scissors type with the fulcrum W at the end. The force points T and V are points where force is applied by hand, and the action points R and U are points where force is applied to the teeth. As can be seen from the figure, the conventional forceps 1 is far from the point of action and the point of force, so it is difficult to use the tip of the tip on the tooth to be treated. Therefore, the tip is easily applied to the teeth and easy to use.

Now, in FIG. 7A, the force applied to the force point T is E, the force applied to the action point R is P, the distance between the fulcrum S and the action point R is L ₁ , and the distance between the fulcrum S and the force point T is L When _2, established the relationship _{P × L 1 = E × L} 2. Therefore,
P = E × L ₂ / L ₁ (1)
On the other hand, in FIG. 7B, similarly, the force applied to the force point V is F, the force applied to the action point U is Q, the distance between the fulcrum W and the action point U is L ₃ , and the distance between the fulcrum W and the force point V is l ₄
Q × L ₃ = F × L ₄ Therefore,
Q = F × L ₄ / L ₃ (2)
As can be seen from FIG. 7A, since L ₂ / L ₁ is larger than ₁ , it can be understood from the formula (1) that P is increased in the conventional forceps. On the other hand, as can be seen from FIG. 7B, since L ₄ / L ₃ is smaller than 1, it can be understood from the formula (2) that Q is reduced in the tooth extraction device of this embodiment. . Moreover, since L ₄ can be brought close to L ₃ , it can be seen from the equation (2) that the magnitude of the force Q for pinching the teeth can be brought close to the magnitude F of the hand force applied to the extraction device.
Therefore, since the reaction force of the force to pinch the tooth at the tip of the tooth extraction instrument can be sensitively sensed at hand, the force for grasping the tooth can be finely adjusted correspondingly, and the tooth can be crushed. Can be prevented.

  The tooth extraction action part has a large, medium and small width. 2 (a) to 2 (c) show examples in which the sizes of the tooth extraction action portions 28, 30, 18 of the tooth extraction devices 24, 26, 10 are small, medium, and large. Here, the lateral width sizes were set to 2-3 mm, 3 to 4 mm, and 4 to 5 mm, respectively. Select according to the size of the tooth neck. The tooth extraction devices 24 and 26 have the same configuration as the tooth extraction device 10 shown in FIG. 1 except that the sizes of the tooth extraction action portions 28 and 30 are different. FIG. 2 (c) is a schematic view of the tooth extraction instrument of the embodiment shown in FIG.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 32 denotes a tooth extraction device, which has gripping portions 33 and 34 extending from the proximal end portion, and has a tooth extraction operation portion 40 provided with a lever operation portion 36 and a forceps operation portion 38 at its distal end side. A concave portion 42 having an arcuate cross section is formed inward so as to be along the tooth (see FIG. 3C), and is substantially the same as the tooth extraction device 10 described above. Although the same structure is comprised, the grip parts 33 and 34 are different by the point which is curving to the left side on the figure in the intermediate part (refer the figure (i)). Since the configuration is similar to the extraction device 10, it has substantially the same advantages. This embodiment has an advantage that it is suitable for extraction of teeth that are difficult for the practitioner to see and teeth that are difficult to handle with the extraction device 10.

  Here, too, the tooth extraction action part has a large, medium or small width. 4 (a) to 4 (c) show examples in which the sizes of the tooth extraction action portions 48, 50, 40 of the tooth extraction devices 44, 46, 32 are small, medium, and large. The tooth extraction devices 44 and 46 have the same configuration as the tooth extraction device 32 shown in FIG. 3 except that the sizes of the tooth extraction operation portions 48 and 50 are different.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. 54 is a tooth extraction device. The grip portions 55 and 56 are extended from the base end portion to bend to the left at the front end side 1/4 of the entire length of the tooth extraction device 54. It is inclined about 45 degrees to the upper front side. The distal end side has a tooth extraction action part 62 provided with a lever action part 58 and a forceps action part 60 (see FIG. 4D), and the inside is a cross section inward so that it can follow the teeth. Is formed with an arc-shaped recess 64 (see FIG. 3C). Since it has a configuration similar to each of the embodiments, the tooth extraction device of this embodiment has the same advantages. It is suitable for extraction of teeth that are difficult to see for the practitioner and difficult to work on.
Here again, as in the above-described embodiments, the tooth extraction action part has a large, medium, and small width.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the pair of grip portions are integrally formed of the same material, but instead, the tooth extraction device itself includes an upper member obtained by dividing the left grip portion into two at the middle portion, and a right hand portion. An upper member that divides the grip part into two at the middle part, and another member that has elasticity on the lower base end side that divides the left and right grip parts into two at the intermediate part, and these are integrated You may comprise so that it may join.

  FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The tooth extraction device 68 has the same configuration as the tooth extraction device 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but the tooth extraction device 10 is composed of members having grip portions 11 and 12 integrally connected on the base end side and having elasticity, While the distal end portion is normally expanded, the tooth extraction device 68 has the grip portions 70 and 72 divided into two on the proximal end side, and is pivotally connected to each other and is always opened by the expansion spring 76. The only difference is that it is made. For example, as shown in FIG. 6C, the connecting means is configured such that a convex portion formed in the other connecting portion is fitted into a concave portion formed in one connecting portion, and a pin 74 common to each lateral hole h is inserted. Insert and connect both in a rotatable manner. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4D, if the protrusions protruding alternately are provided at the respective connecting portions, and the pins 78 are inserted into the respective lateral holes h, they can be rotated.

  Since the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiments only in that both grip portions are integrated or separated, it can be applied to the tooth extraction device of other embodiments. Therefore, the same effects as the other embodiments are obtained. However, since the pair of grips is formed separately and is not limited to a material having elasticity, there is an advantage that the range of material selection is widened and manufacturing is facilitated. Furthermore, if the use of the expansion spring is stopped, the distal end portion is not always open, which may be advantageous depending on the tooth treatment.

FIG. 8 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. It is a modification of the Example shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8 (a), the tooth extraction instrument 82 has a pair of grips 84 and 85 extending upward and left and right, and each upper end includes a lever action part and a forceps action part. The tooth extraction action part 86 is provided in the same manner as the tooth extraction instrument shown in FIG. The base end portions of both grip portions extend to the lower end side, and connecting projections 87 and 88 are formed. The connecting projections 87 and 88 are on the lower side as shown in FIGS. And extending in the horizontal direction to form a flat shape and being overlapped with each other, and by being inserted through the pin 89, they are connected to each other so as to be rotatable. Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (n), the expansion spring 92 disposed in the grooves 90 and 91 formed inside both grip portions is always urged so that the tip end of the grip portion is opened. However, the jaw portion 93 of the grip portion is in contact with the shoulder portion 94 of the grip portion on the opposite side to limit the expansion of the tip of the grip portion to a certain limit. In addition, if installation of the expansion spring 92 is stopped, the tooth extraction instrument maintains a closed state when the distal end portion is closed, and maintains an open state when it is opened. Having such characteristics may be advantageous depending on the treatment.
Further, in this embodiment, both grip portions 84.85 extending upward and arranged on the left and right are inclined rearward at the intermediate portion. It is easy to use parts that are hard to reach such as back teeth. Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, the grip body has a semi-elliptical cross section, and the base end side is generally thick and the tip end side is thin, but the intermediate part is slightly narrowed. . Therefore, there is an advantage that the grip of the hand is soft and the fatigue of the hand is small. As for the tooth width of the tooth extraction action part 86, those of large, medium and small sizes are used as in the above embodiments.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment in which the tooth extraction action portion is not shown. Other tooth extraction appliances that are similar in basic configuration to the above embodiment, but extend upward and have left and right grips curved to the left at the middle, and the tip side tilted backward. 96 examples are shown. It is possible to constitute one that is curved or inclined in various directions.
Further, in the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the tooth extraction action part is integrally provided at the tip of the grip part. However, the tooth extraction action part is formed as a separate chip and attached to the tip of the grip part main body. May be. For example, if the grip body is made of an aluminum alloy and the tip is made of a high strength material, there is an advantage that the durability can be improved with light weight and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and can of course be implemented in various modes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

10, 24, 26, 32, 44, 54, 68, 82, 96 ... tooth extraction instrument 11, 12, 33, 34, 55, 56, 70, 72, 84, 85 ... grip part 14, 36, 58 ... insulator Action part 16, 38, 60 ... Forceps action part
18, 28, 30, 40, 48, 62, 86 ... tooth extraction action part 19, 42, 64 ... concave part

Claims (15)

  Both grips that extend upward from the base end in a pair and are arranged on the left and right sides are integrally connected on the base end side, and the tip ends of both grips face each other. The tooth extraction action part is provided, and both gripping parts are gripped by hand, the opposing tooth extraction action parts approach each other against the elasticity of the base end part, and when the hand is loosened, the elastic restoring force of the base end part A tooth extraction device in which both tooth extraction action parts are spaced apart from each other and maintain a predetermined distance, the tooth extraction action part being continuous with the lever action part acting as an insulator located on the distal end side of the tooth extraction action part A forceps acting portion that acts as a forceps formed as a forceps, the lever acting portion has a sharp tip that can be pushed between the tooth and the alveolar bone, and the forceps acting portion has the tooth along its axis. A clamping part for clamping, and the lever action part and the forceps action part are teeth Sectional inwardly as can along are formed arc-shaped recess, and the width of the extraction action portion large, medium, tooth extraction device is any one of a small size.   2. The tooth extraction device according to claim 1, wherein the two lever action portions are slightly inward in a direction in which the tip portions approach each other so that the tip portions can grasp the root side beyond the neck and can be pushed into the periodontal cavity. Tooth extraction device that is inclined to the side. The tooth extraction instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extraction action part has a large, medium, and small widths of 4 to 5 mm, 3 to 4 mm, and 2 to 3 mm, respectively.   The tooth extraction instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tooth extraction instrument itself is configured such that a distal end side thereof is inclined to the left side or the right side from an intermediate portion thereof.    5. The tooth extraction device according to claim 4, wherein an angle at which a distal end side of the tooth extraction device itself is inclined to the left side or the right side is about 20 to 30 degrees.   The tooth extraction instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tooth extraction instrument itself has an intermediate portion with a distal end inclined toward the front side or the rear side.   7. The tooth extraction device according to claim 6, wherein an angle at which the tip side inclines toward the near side or the rear side from an intermediate portion of the tooth extraction device itself is about 45 degrees.   The tooth extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tooth extraction device itself is bent leftward or rightward at an intermediate portion thereof, and its distal end portion is further inclined toward the front side or the rear side.   9. The tooth extraction device according to claim 8, wherein a tip portion of ¼ of the entire length of the tooth extraction device itself is curved to the left or right side by about 10 degrees and the tip side is inclined by about 45 degrees to the near side or the rear side. Tooth extraction device.   The tooth extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tooth extraction device itself includes an upper member obtained by dividing the left grip portion into two at the middle portion, and an upper member obtained by dividing the right grip portion into two portions at the intermediate portion. And a separate member having elasticity on the lower base end side obtained by dividing the left and right grip portions into two at the intermediate portion, and these are integrally joined together.   The tooth extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein both grip portions are divided into two at the base end portion instead of the two grip portions integrally formed, and both grip portions are on the base end portion side. Are connected to each other so that the tip can be opened and closed to the left and right, and a spring member is arranged between the grips, and the tooth extraction action parts at the tips of the grips are urged away from each other and the grips are held. A tooth extraction device in which a portion for limiting the rotation is provided between the parts so that a predetermined interval is maintained between the tooth extraction action portions.   12. The tooth extraction device according to claim 11, wherein both grip portions are rotatably connected to each other by inserting a pin common to a hole provided in each base end portion, or by a hinge provided on the base end portion side. A tooth extraction device that is pivotally connected.   The tooth extraction device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the arrangement of the spring member between the grip portions is stopped, and the tooth extraction action portions at the tips of the grip portions are not biased in a direction away from each other. Instruments.   The tooth extraction device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the pair of grip portions are provided with a tooth extraction action portion at a distal end portion of a grip portion main body whose base end portion side is thick and the distal end side is thinned. In addition, a tooth extraction device in which both grip portions are rotatably connected on the base end side.   15. The tooth extraction device according to claim 14, wherein a tip of the tooth extraction action portion made of a separate member is attached to the tip of the grip portion main body.

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