JP6732333B2 - Ratchet clip - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a ratchet clip for fixing a ratchet of a medical device having a ratchet.

Medical instruments used in the medical field include forceps having a ratchet and a stethoscope. Among these, for example, the forceps is provided with a ratchet for holding a sandwiched object such as a tube or an organ tissue used during surgery in a sandwiched state. That is, the forceps is provided with a ratchet for performing a grasping operation in stages and maintaining the state in order to adjust the grasping strength of the forceps tip portion. This ratchet is required to maintain the forceps tip portion at a desired opening/closing angle.

As a structure for maintaining the forceps tip portion at a desired opening/closing angle, a structure in which a ratchet pawl is urged by a coil spring in a direction in which the ratchet pawl is engaged (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and the ratchet is centered around the rotation axis of the forceps. A configuration having a curved shape along an arc (for example, see Patent Document 2) is known.

Utility model registration No. 3115282 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 07-027592

In the configuration described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to provide a coil spring for each forceps, which complicates the configuration of the forceps and increases the number of parts, which increases the cost of the forceps. Further, its operability is also complicated. With the configuration described in Patent Document 2, when the ratchet pawls of the ratchet are deformed in the direction in which they are separated from each other, the ratchet pawls may be disengaged.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ratchet clip that is low-cost and versatile and that holds a medical instrument such as forceps at a desired opening/closing angle to prevent the ratchet from coming off.

The ratchet clip of the present invention is a ratchet clip that is attachable to and detachable from the ratchet of a medical device that includes a pair of opening/closing members that rotate and open/close, and a ratchet provided on the opening/closing member. And a pair of tongue pieces that extend from the base and hold the engaged state of the ratchet.

Further, the gap between the tongue pieces and the ratchet in the holding state of the ratchet of the both tongue pieces is smaller than the engagement length of the ratchet.

Further, it is characterized in that at least one of the tongues is provided with a step-like stepped portion whose facing distance is widened toward the tip side of the tongue on the facing surface of at least one of the tongues.

Further, at least one of the tongue pieces has elasticity and holds the ratchet by sandwiching it.

Further, it is characterized in that it is provided with an attachment string for attaching the base portion to the opening/closing member.

Further, a slide holding portion slidably held by the opening/closing member is provided, and the slide holding portion includes the both tongue pieces at a position where the ratchet comes between the both tongue pieces, or the both tongue pieces. It is characterized in that the ratchet moves to a position away from the space.

Further, a rotation holding portion rotatably held by the opening/closing member is provided, and the rotation holding portion holds the both tongue pieces at a position where the ratchet comes between the both tongue pieces, or of the both tongue pieces. It is characterized in that the ratchet moves to a position away from the space.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is low-cost and versatile, and can hold|maintain the ratchet of medical devices, such as forceps, and fix a medical device at a desired opening/closing angle.

It is a top view of the forceps to which a ratchet clip is applied. It is a perspective view of the ratchet clip which shows 1st Embodiment. It is a 3rd figure of the ratchet clip which shows 1st Embodiment, (A) shows a top view, (B) shows a side view, (C) shows a front view. The enlarged view when the ratchet clip which shows 1st Embodiment is attached to the ratchet of forceps is shown, (A) shows the state which the ratchet nail|claw is engaging, (B) tried to disengage the ratchet nail|claw. Indicates the state. It is a figure explaining the usage of the ratchet clip which shows 1st Embodiment, (A) shows the state which attaches a ratchet clip to the ratchet of forceps, (B) shows the state which fixed the ratchet of forceps by a ratchet clip. Show. It is a figure explaining the modification of the ratchet clip of 1st Embodiment, (A) shows the step part formed in both tongue opposing surfaces, (B) is formed only in one tongue opposing surface. The stepped part is shown. It is a side view of the ratchet clip of 2nd Embodiment, (A) shows the state before pinching a ratchet, (B) shows the state which pinched the thin ratchet, (C) shows the thickness. It shows a state where a thick ratchet is sandwiched. It is a schematic diagram of a ratchet clip showing a 3rd embodiment. It is an enlarged perspective view of a finger hook part of forceps showing a state where a ratchet clip showing a 3rd embodiment was attached to forceps. It is a perspective view of a ratchet clip showing a 4th embodiment. It is a 3rd figure of the ratchet clip which shows 4th Embodiment, (A) shows a side view, (B) shows a top view, (C) shows a front view. It is a figure explaining the usage method of the ratchet clip which shows 4th Embodiment, (A) shows the state which attached the ratchet clip to the handle of forceps, (B) shows the state which hold|maintains the ratchet of forceps by a ratchet clip. Indicates. It is a perspective view of a ratchet clip showing a 5th embodiment. It is a 3rd figure of the ratchet clip which shows 5th Embodiment, (A) shows a top view, (B) shows a side view, (C) shows a rear view. It is a figure explaining the usage method of the ratchet clip which shows 5th Embodiment, (A) has shown the state which attached the ratchet clip to the finger-holding part of forceps, (B) hold|maintained the ratchet of forceps by a ratchet clip. Indicates the state.

The ratchet clip 10 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The ratchet clip 10 is a member attachable to and detachable from the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100.

First, the forceps 100 will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 1, the forceps 100 has a scissor-like configuration including a pair of forceps pieces 101 and 102 (opening/closing members) and a rotation shaft 103 that rotatably connects the forceps pieces 101 and 102. is there. The pair of forceps pieces 101 and 102 have substantially the same shape. The pair of forceps pieces 101 and 102 has sandwiching portions 101a and 102a formed at one end with the rotation shaft 103 serving as a rotation fulcrum sandwiched therebetween and the other with the rotation shaft 103 sandwiched therebetween. And finger hook portions 101b and 102b formed at the end portions of the. A ratchet 104 is provided near the finger hooks 101b and 102b of the forceps pieces 101 and 102. The ratchet 104 includes ratchet pawls 104a, 104b that engage with each other.

Next, the configuration of the ratchet clip 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2, the ratchet clip 10 is a resin member, and has a base 11 held by a user and a pair of tongue pieces 12, 12 extending from the base 11. The tongue pieces 12 and 12 extend in parallel with each other.

The ratchet clip 10 has a U shape in a side view. That is, the base portion 11 and the tongue pieces 12, 12 form a U-shaped portion, and the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100 is held by the U-shaped portion. Therefore, the extended length of the tongue pieces 12 and 12 has a length that holds the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100. Further, the widths of the tongue pieces 12, 12 are wide enough to hold the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100.

The tongue pieces 12, 12 are provided on the facing surfaces 12a, 12a with projections 13, 13 protruding from the facing surfaces 12a, 12a. The convex portions 13 and 13 are provided on the tip ends of the tongue pieces 12 and 12 so as to hold the ratchet 104 on the inner side of the U-shaped portion formed by the tongue pieces 12 and 12 and the base portion 11.

The distance L1 between the facing surfaces 12a, 12a of the tongue pieces 12, 12 is set to be slightly larger than the thickness L2 of the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100. The interval L3 between the convex portions 13 and 13 is set to be smaller than the thickness L2 of the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100.

In FIG. 4A, the relationship between the distance L1 and the thickness L2 will be described in detail. The gap L4 between the tongue piece 12 and the ratchet claw 104a of the ratchet 104 is the gap L4=the gap L1−the thickness L2. The gap L4 is set to be smaller than the engagement length L5 of the ratchet claws 104a and 104b of the ratchet 104. That is, the gap L4<the engagement length L5 is set. The reason for setting in this way will be described later.

Next, prevention of disengagement of the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100 by the ratchet clip 10 will be described. In FIG. 1, when a sandwiching object such as a tube or an organ tissue used at the time of surgery is sandwiched by the sandwiching portions 101a and 102a, the ratchet claws 104a and 104b of the ratchet 104 are engaged with each other, as shown in FIG. This holds the sandwiched state.

Next, the user of the forceps 100 grasps the base portion 11 of the ratchet clip 10 and attaches the ratchet clip 10 to the ratchet 104 as shown by an arrow F1 in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the ratchet 104 is inserted between the tongue pieces 12, 12 of the ratchet clip 10. That is, the ratchet clip 10 is pushed into the ratchet 104 until the ratchet 104 rides over the convex portions 13 and 13 and reaches the inner side of the U-shaped portion of the ratchet clip 10. By this pushing, the ratchet clip 10 is attached to the ratchet 104. Further, in the ratchet clip 10, since the projections 13 and 13 are hooked on the ratchet 104, the ratchet clip 10 is prevented from falling off from the ratchet 104, and is kept attached to the ratchet 104.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 4(B), when the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b move in a direction in which they are separated from each other (see arrow F2 in the figure) and the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b are disengaged from each other, a gap is generated. Since L4<engagement length L5 is set, the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b come into contact with the tongue pieces 12 and 12 before the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b are disengaged. As a result, the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b cannot move in a direction in which the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b are separated from each other, and the engagement between the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b is prevented. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, by setting the gap L4 to be smaller than the engagement length L5, the tongue pieces 12 and 12 hold the engaged state of the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b, and the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b are held. It is possible to prevent disengagement of 104a and 104b.

In addition, the ratchet clip 10 can be released from the ratchet 104 by pulling out the ratchet clip 10 in the direction opposite to the arrow F1 and removing the ratchet clip 10 from the ratchet 104.

In this way, the ratchet claws 104a and 104b of the ratchet 104 can be prevented from being disengaged, and the forceps 100 can be fixed and held at a desired opening/closing angle. Further, since the ratchet clip 10 is a resin member, it can be manufactured at low cost.

The ratchet clip 10 may be replaced with a resin member and a rubber member may be used. Alternatively, it may be formed of a metal. When it is made of metal, it is preferable that the tongue pieces 12, 12 contact the ratchet 104 with a resin coating to prevent the ratchet 104 from being damaged.

Next, a modified example of the facing surfaces 12a, 12a of the tongue pieces 12, 12 will be described. In the modified examples and the respective embodiments described below, the same components as the components described in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6(A), on the facing surfaces 12a, 12a, stepped portions 14a, 14b, 14c each having a step shape in which the facing distance gradually narrows from the opening of the ratchet clip 10 toward the base 11 are formed. Has been formed. That is, the stepped portions 14 a, 14 b, 14 c are expanded toward the tips of the tongue pieces 12, 12.

The ratchet 104 having a large thickness is sandwiched between the steps 14a and 14a, the ratchet 104 having a small thickness is sandwiched between the steps 14c and 14c, and the ratchet 104 having an intermediate thickness is sandwiched between the steps 14b and 14b. By forming the step portions 14a, 14b, and 14c in this manner, it is possible to deal with a plurality of ratchets 104 having different thicknesses, and the versatility of the ratchet clip 10 can be improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, the stepped portions 15a, 15b, 15c may be formed only on one of the facing surfaces 12a, 12a.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7(A), the ratchet clip 30, which is a resin member, has a base portion 11 and bent tongue pieces 31 and 31 extending from the base portion 11 and having their tips close to each other. The bent tongue pieces 31 and 31 are elastically deformable in the directions away from each other. Due to the bent tongues 31 and 31, the opening side of the ratchet clip 30 is narrowed and the back side of the U-shaped portion is widened. Convex portions 32, 32 are formed at the tip ends of the bent tongue pieces 31, 31.

The sandwiching and holding of the ratchet 104 by the ratchet clip 30 will be described. First, in the case of the ratchet 104 having a small thickness, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the ratchet clip 30 is pushed into the ratchet 104, the bent tongues 31 and 31 are slightly spread and the ratchet 104 is sandwiched. Hold fixed.

That is, the bending tongues 31 and 31 are elastically deformed by being spread by the ratchet 104, and the bending tongues 31 and 31 sandwich and hold the ratchet 104 by the biasing force of the elastic deformation. Although the protrusions 32, 32 are locked to the ratchet 104, the ratchet clip 30 is prevented from falling off the ratchet 104, but the protrusions 32, 32 are not essential. That is, the ratchet 104 can be sufficiently sandwiched and held by the biasing force due to the elastic deformation of the bent tongues 31, 31.

On the other hand, in the case of the ratchet 104 having a large thickness, as shown in FIG. 7C, the bent tongues 31 and 31 spread widely to sandwich the ratchet 104 and hold the ratchet 104. Also in this case, the ratchet 104 is sandwiched and held by the biasing force of the elastic deformation of the bent tongues 31, 31.

In this way, the ratchet 104 is sandwiched and held by the elastic deformation of the bent tongue pieces 31, 31. Therefore, even if the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b move in a direction in which the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b move away from each other, the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b are held apart by the bent tongues 31 and 31 even if the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b are disengaged. Therefore, the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b are prevented from being disengaged. Further, one ratchet clip 30 can handle ratchets 104 having different thicknesses, and the versatility of the ratchet clip 30 can be improved.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the ratchet clip 10 is provided with an attachment string 21 for attaching the ratchet clip 10 to one of the finger hooks 101b and 102b of the forceps 100. The attachment string 21 includes an annular portion 21a attached to the finger hooks 101b and 102b, and a connecting portion 21b that connects the annular portion 21a and the ratchet clip 10. One end of the connecting portion 21b is connected to the base portion 11 of the ratchet clip 10, and the other end is connected to the annular portion 21a.

As shown in FIG. 9, the annular portion 21a is passed through the finger hook portion 102b, and the ratchet clip 10 is passed through the annular portion 21a, whereby the annular portion 21a is wound around the finger hook portion 102b. Then, the ratchet clip 10 is attached to the finger hook 102b.

In this way, by attaching the ratchet clip 10 to the finger hook 102b of the forceps 100, it is possible to prevent the ratchet clip 10 from being lost (disengaged) when the ratchet clip 10 is removed from the ratchet 104 of the forceps 100. The attachment string 21 may be a wire or a chain.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 12, the ratchet clip 40 includes a slide holding portion 41 that slidably holds the ratchet clip 40 on the forceps piece 102.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the slide holding portion 41 extends from the base portion 11 at a substantially right angle, and the long base portion 11 and the short slide holding portion 41 form a substantially L shape. A slit 42 having an opening width L7 smaller than the diameter L6 of the handle of the forceps pieces 101 and 102 is formed at the tip of the slide holding portion 41. The slit 42 is provided along a direction parallel to the extending direction of the tongue pieces 12, 12. A cylindrical portion 43 having a diameter L8 slightly larger than the diameter L6 of the handle of the forceps pieces 101 and 102 is formed at the bottom of the slit 42.

A method of using the ratchet clip 40 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 12A, the slide holding portion 41 of the ratchet clip 40 is engaged with the handle of the forceps piece 102. Since the slit 42 of the slide holding portion 41 has an opening width L7 smaller than the handle of the forceps piece 102, the tip of the slide holding portion 41 is widened and the handle of the forceps piece 102 is passed through the slit 42. The handle of the forceps piece 102 that has passed through the slit 42 is housed in the cylindrical portion 43. Since the cylindrical portion 43 has a diameter L8 larger than the handle of the forceps piece 102, the ratchet clip 40 can slide along the handle of the forceps piece 102.

Then, as shown by an arrow F3 in FIG. 12A, the ratchet clip 40 is slid along the handle of the forceps piece 102 so that the ratchet 104 is inserted between the tongue pieces 12, 12 of the ratchet clip 10. To do. Next, as shown in FIG. 12B, when the ratchet 104 is positioned between the tongue pieces 12 of the ratchet clip 40, the ratchet clip 40 is attached to the ratchet 104. By mounting the ratchet clip 40, it is possible to prevent the ratchet pawls 104a and 104b from being disengaged. Further, by holding the ratchet clip 40 slid in the direction opposite to the arrow F3, the holding of the ratchet 104 can be released.

In this way, by sliding the ratchet clip 40 along the handle of the forceps piece 102, the ratchet 104 can be easily held and released, and the operability can be improved. Further, since the ratchet clip 40 does not fall off the handle of the forceps piece 102, the ratchet clip 40 can be prevented from being lost.

The ratchet clip 40 may be attached to the handle of the forceps piece 101 and slid. Alternatively, the ratchet clip 40 may be attached to the forceps 100 on the finger-hooking portions 101b and 102b and slid along the finger-hooking portions 101b and 102b.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 13, the ratchet clip 50 includes a rotation holding portion 51 that holds the ratchet clip 50 on the forceps piece 102 in a rotatable manner. The rotation holding portion 51 is provided on the branch tongue pieces 52 and 52 that branch and extend from the tongue pieces 12 and 12, and the branch tongue pieces 52 and 52, respectively, and clamp the forceps pieces 101 and 102 to rotate the fulcrum. And projections 53, 53 to be

The branch tongues 52, 52 extend from the side portions of the tongues 12, 12 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the tongues 12, 12. Protrusions 53, 53 are provided on the surfaces of the tip ends of the branch tongues 52, 52 facing each other. In FIG. 14C, the interval L9 between the protrusions 53, 53 is set smaller than the diameter L6 of the handle of the forceps pieces 101, 102, and the handle 53 of the forceps pieces 101, 102 is sandwiched by the protrusions 53, 53. ..

A method of using the ratchet clip 50 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 15A, the ratchet clip 50 is attached to the finger hook 102b near the ratchet 104. That is, the finger hooks 102b near the ratchet 104 are sandwiched by the projections 53, 53 of the branch tongues 52, 52, and the ratchet clip 50 is rotatably attached to the finger hooks 102b with the projections 53, 53 as the fulcrum of rotation. ..

Then, as shown by an arrow F4 in FIG. 15A, the ratchet clip 50 is rotated so that the ratchet 104 is inserted between the tongue pieces 12 of the ratchet clip 50. At this time, the ratchet clip 50 is rotated until the convex portion 13 gets over the ratchet 104. Next, as shown in FIG. 15B, when the ratchet 104 is positioned between the tongue pieces 12 of the ratchet clip 50, the ratchet clip 50 is attached to the ratchet 104. Further, the ratchet clip 50 can be released from the holding state by rotating the ratchet clip 50 in the direction opposite to the arrow F4.

As described above, the ratchet clip 50 is rotatably attached to the finger hook 102b, so that the ratchet 104 can be easily held and released, and the operability can be improved. Further, since the ratchet clip 50 does not fall off from the finger rest 102b, it is possible to prevent the ratchet clip 50 from being lost.

The ratchet clip 50 may be attached to the finger hook 101b and rotated. In addition, it is preferable to provide a concave portion with which the protrusions 53, 53 are engaged, at a portion corresponding to the protrusions 53, 53 of the finger hook 102b. With this recess, the ratchet clip 50 can be positioned and the ratchet clip 50 can be easily rotated.

10, 30, 40, 50 ratchet clip, 11 base portion, 12 tongue piece, 12a facing surface, 13, 32 convex portion, 14a, 14b, 14c, 15a, 15b, 15c step portion, 21 attachment cord, 21a annular portion, 21b Connection part, 31 Bend tongue piece, 41 Sliding holding part, 42 Slit, 43 Cylindrical part, 51 Rotating holding part, 52 Branching tongue piece, 53 protrusion, 100 forceps, 101, 102 forceps piece, 101a, 102a clamping part , 101b, 102b finger hooks, 103 pivots, 104 ratchets, 104a, 104b ratchet pawls.

Claims (7)

A ratchet clip that is attachable to and detachable from the ratchet of a medical device including a pair of opening and closing members that rotate and open and close, and a ratchet provided on the opening and closing member,
A ratchet clip, comprising: a base portion; and a pair of tongue pieces that extend from the base portion and hold an engaged state of the ratchet. The ratchet clip according to claim 1, wherein
A ratchet clip, wherein a gap between the both tongue pieces and the ratchet in a holding state of the both tongue pieces is smaller than an engagement length of the ratchet. The ratchet clip according to claim 2,
The ratchet clip, wherein at least one of the tongue pieces is provided with a step-like stepped portion whose facing distance expands toward the tip side of the tongue piece on at least one of the facing surfaces. The ratchet clip according to claim 1, wherein
At least one of the tongue pieces has elasticity and holds the ratchet by sandwiching it. The ratchet clip according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A ratchet clip, comprising: an attachment string for attaching the base portion to the opening/closing member. The ratchet clip according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A sliding holding portion slidably held by the opening/closing member,
The ratchet clip, wherein the slide holding portion moves the tongue pieces to a position where the ratchet comes between the tongue pieces, or to a position where the ratchet leaves the tongue pieces. The ratchet clip according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A rotation holding portion rotatably held by the opening/closing member,
The ratchet clip, wherein the rotation holding portion moves the tongue pieces to a position where the ratchet comes between the tongue pieces or a position where the ratchet leaves from between the tongue pieces.