CN210095852U - Medical tweezers - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a medical tweezers, it includes: a first link member and a second link member having shapes symmetrical to each other and elastically restorably coupled together at proximal ends thereof at a predetermined angle; a third link member having a proximal end connected to the distal end of the first link by a first hinge; a fourth link member having a symmetrical shape to the third link member and a proximal end thereof being hinge-connected to a distal end of the second link by a second hinge; wherein the middle portions of the third and fourth link members are hingedly connected by a third hinge, and the distance from the proximal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge is greater than the distance from the distal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge; a distal end of the third link member and a distal end of the fourth link member form a grip.

Description

Medical tweezers

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to medical tweezers used in surgical operations.

Background

The conventional forceps for medical use are, as shown in fig. 1, basically composed of two flat rod parts 100, the two flat rod parts 100 being elastically connected together at their rear ends 101, and the front ends 102 of the two flat rod parts 100 forming a grasping portion and being spaced apart by a predetermined distance for grasping an object. Existing forceps for medical use generally have the above-described configuration, except that the shape of the shaft portion 100 may be changed for different applications (e.g., a change in the width of the shaft portion 100), but generally have a configuration in which two flat shaft portions 100 are resiliently joined together at their rear ends 101.

When the existing medical forceps are used, a doctor usually operates the middle part or the middle front part of the rod part 100 with hands, a clamped object is located at the foremost end of the rod part 100, and the hinge structure is located at the rear end of the rod part 100, so that the lever formed in the way belongs to a labor-consuming lever, and the hands of the doctor are easy to fatigue during long-time operation.

In addition, the existing medical forceps have the defect of low clamping precision.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a medical tweezers, especially a medical tweezers that uses in surgery operation, it can make the doctor be difficult to appear tired in long-time operation hand to make the centre gripping precision improve.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a pair of medical tweezers, it includes: a first link member and a second link member having shapes symmetrical to each other and elastically restorably coupled together at proximal ends thereof at a predetermined angle; a third link member having a proximal end connected to the distal end of the first link by a first hinge; a fourth link member having a symmetrical shape to the third link member and a proximal end thereof being hinge-connected to a distal end of the second link by a second hinge; wherein the middle portions of the third and fourth link members are hingedly connected by a third hinge, and the distance from the proximal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge is greater than the distance from the distal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge; a distal end of the third link member and a distal end of the fourth link member form a grip.

In the above medical forceps, preferably, the first and second link members have a shape of a semi-cylinder symmetrical to each other, and proximal ends of the first and second link members may be respectively provided with recesses symmetrical to each other.

In the above medical forceps, it is preferable that the first link member and the second link member be provided with a locking structure on sides facing each other; the locking structure includes: a first locking member having a contact hook with a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface located on a back of the first inclined surface, a meeting point at which the first inclined surface and the second inclined downwardly extending meet forming a meeting portion; a second locking member having a contact accommodating portion having a third inclined surface corresponding to the first inclined surface and a fourth inclined surface corresponding to the second inclined surface, a back surface of a merging point at which the third inclined surface and the fourth inclined surface extend downward forming an accommodating recess for accommodating the merging portion. Wherein the first and second locking members have different rigidities or elasticity so that one of the first and second locking members is more easily deformed when in contact.

In the medical forceps, the distance from the proximal ends of the third link member and the fourth link member to the third hinge is 1.5-2.5 times the distance from the distal ends of the third link member and the fourth link member to the third hinge; preferably, the distance from the proximal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge is 2 times the distance from the distal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge.

In the medical forceps, the length ratio of the first connecting rod part and the second connecting rod part to the third connecting rod part and the fourth connecting rod part is 1.5-2.5; preferably, the length ratio of the first and second link members to the third and fourth link members is 2.

In the above medical forceps, the third link member and the fourth link member have a constant width from the third hinge portion to the holding portion.

In the medical forceps, the third link member and the fourth link member gradually decrease in width from the third hinge portion to the holding portion.

In the above medical forceps, the grip portions of the third link member and the fourth link member are bent downward by 15 to 30 degrees in the longitudinal direction.

In the above medical forceps, the holding portions of the third link member and the fourth link member are flat and annular.

Through having above-mentioned structure, the utility model discloses a medical tweezers can make the doctor be difficult to appear tiredly when long-time operation to make the centre gripping precision improve.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional medical forceps.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of medical forceps according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of medical forceps according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic side view of medical forceps according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of medical forceps according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6A is a schematic perspective cross-sectional view of the first locking part shown in fig. 5 taken along line a-a.

Fig. 6B is a schematic perspective cross-sectional view of the second locking member shown in fig. 5 taken along line B-B.

Fig. 6C is an enlarged plan view of the first locking member shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 6D is an enlarged plan view of the second locking member shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 7A to 7D are schematic views of the contact state of the contact hook and the contact accommodating portion when the practitioner operates the first link member and the second link member to lock and unlock the first locking member and the second locking member.

Fig. 8 to 11 are schematic side views of medical forceps according to variant embodiments of the present invention.

It is to be understood that the appended drawings are not to scale, but rather illustrate various features which are, presented in a somewhat simplified form, and which are indicative of the basic principles of the invention. In the drawings of the present invention, like reference numerals designate like or equivalent parts of the invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the present invention will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood that the present description is not intended to limit the invention to those exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover not only the exemplary embodiments of the invention, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents and other embodiments, which are included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Hereinafter, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, to more clearly describe embodiments of the present invention, the "proximal end" and "distal end" are defined.

When a physician is facing a patient to perform a typical operation with a tool or instrument (e.g., forceps) held in the hand and positioned between the physician and the patient, the end closer to the physician is referred to as the "proximal end" and the end further from the physician (the end closer to the patient) is referred to as the "distal end". In other words, for example, when a practitioner holds the syringe in the hand to inject a patient, the tail of the syringe (the area that the practitioner presses with the thumb) may be referred to as the "proximal end" and the portion of the needle may be referred to as the "distal end".

The above definitions of "proximal end" and "distal end" are merely for convenience in describing embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the structure of the present invention. Alternatively, the "proximal end" may also be referred to as the first end, and the "distal end" may be referred to as the second end, respectively.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the forceps for medical use according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a first link member 10 and a second link member 20, the first link member 10 and the second link member 20 having shapes symmetrical to each other (which may also be the same shape as each other in some cases) and being elastically restorably coupled together at proximal ends 11, 21 thereof at a predetermined angle.

The above-mentioned predetermined angle elastically restorable to be engaged together may be similar to the engagement manner of the existing medical forceps, that is, the first link member 10 and the second link member 20 may be separately formed and then engaged integrally by various engagement manners; or the first and second link members 10 and 20 are integrally formed at the time of manufacture. The first link member 10 and the second link member 20 can be drawn close to each other by pressing the distal ends of the first link member 10 and the second link member 20; when the pressing force is removed, the first link member 10 and the second link member 20 can be moved away from each other, which is similar to the conventional forceps, and thus will not be described in detail.

The forceps of the present exemplary embodiment further include a third link member 30 and a fourth link member 40, the proximal end 31 of the third link member 30 being hingedly connected to the distal end 12 of the first link 10 by a first hinge 51; the fourth link member 40 has a symmetrical shape to the third link member 30 (which may also be the same shape as each other in some cases), and the proximal end 41 of the fourth link member 40 is hingedly connected to the distal end 22 of the second link 20 by a second hinge 52.

Further, the intermediate portions of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 are hingedly connected by a third hinge 53, and the distance L1 from the proximal ends 31, 41 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53 is greater than the distance L2 from the distal ends 32, 42 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53. Also, the distal end 32 of the third link member 30 and the distal end 42 of the fourth link member 40 form a nip.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the distance L1 from the proximal ends 31, 42 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53 is longer than the distance L2 from the distal ends 32, 42 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53, preferably 1.5-2.5 times the above-mentioned distance, as tested repeatedly by the authors of the present invention. That is, the distance L1 from the proximal ends 31, 41 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53 is 1.5-2.5 times the distance L2 from the distal ends 32, 42 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the distance L1 from the proximal ends 31, 41 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53 is 2 times the distance L2 from the distal ends 32, 42 of the third and fourth link members 30, 40 to the third hinge 53, i.e., L1/L2 equals 2. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and L1/L2 may be 1.75 or 2.25, which may be adjusted according to different applications.

In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, since L1/L2 is greater than 1, specifically, L1/L2 is 2 in the illustrated embodiment, the lever formed by the third link part 30 and the fourth link part 40 can be a labor-saving lever by matching the length design of the first link part 10 and the second link part 20 and the design of the elastic restoring force of the first link part 10 and the second link part 20. First link member 10 and second link member 20 can be brought closer to each other by the physician manipulating the positions of the distal ends of first link member 10 and second link member 20 near first articulating portion 51 and second articulating portion 52 (or manipulating the middle portions of first link member 10 and second link member 20), and third link member 30 and fourth link member 40 pivot relative to third articulating portion 53 and also come closer to each other by the action of first articulating portion 51 and second articulating portion 52. At this time, since L1/L2 is greater than 1 (specifically, L1/L2 is 2 in the illustrated embodiment), the lever formed by the third link member 30 and the fourth link member 40 is a labor-saving lever, which makes it less likely for the physician to fatigue the hands during long-time operation.

In addition, the physician usually grasps the positions of the distal ends of the first and second link members 10 and 20 near the first and second hinge portions 51 and 52 during the operation, which can improve the holding accuracy of the forceps. Of course, it is also possible to operate the middle portions of the first and second link members 10 and 20 according to the actual needs of the physician at the time of operation.

To facilitate the grip and manipulation of the physician, gripping patterns (not shown) may be provided at the distal ends of first and second link members 10 and 20 adjacent first and second articulating portions 51 and 52, and are generally provided on the outer surfaces of first and second link members 10 and 20 to facilitate finger contact by the physician. By providing gripping patterns, friction can be increased to prevent the forceps from falling off the physician's hand during the procedure. The grip pattern can take various forms, which are a technical measure frequently used by those skilled in the art, and therefore, it is not described in detail and is not shown in the drawings.

Further, at the clamping portion formed by the distal end 32 of the third link member 30 and the distal end 42 of the fourth link member 40, a clamping pattern (not shown) may be provided, which is generally provided on the inner surfaces of the third link member 30 and the fourth link member 40 to facilitate clamping of the object to be clamped. Through setting up the centre gripping decorative pattern, can increase frictional force to prevent to be dropped from the clamping part by the centre gripping thing. The grip pattern can have various forms, such as a conventional diagonal or vertical line, and can also be a raised portion or a toothed portion, which is a technical means frequently used by those skilled in the art, and therefore, the description is not repeated and is not shown in the drawings.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first and second link members 10 and 20 do not have a conventional flat shape but have a semi-cylindrical shape symmetrical to each other, and in order to reduce weight, inner surfaces of the first and second link members 10 and 20 facing each other may be hollowed, that is, inner surfaces of the first and second link members 10 and 20 facing each other are recessed (not shown). Further, proximal ends of the first and second link members 10 and 20 may be provided with recesses 13 and 23, respectively, which are symmetrical to each other. The recesses 13, 23 are adjacent to the engaging portion 60 where the first and second link members 10, 20 engage with each other, and the recesses 13, 23 are closer to the distal end than the engaging portion 60 where the first and second link members 10, 20 engage with each other.

By the arrangement of the recesses 13, 23, the elastic restoring force can be adjusted conveniently. Furthermore, when the physician operates the first and second link members 10, 20, since the first and second link members 10, 20 are elastically and repositionably joined together at their proximal ends 11, 21 at a predetermined angle, the proximal ends of the first and second link members 10, 20 will be slightly deformed (invisible or almost invisible) when they are drawn together, and since the present invention is provided with the recesses 13, 23, the slight deformation can be concentrated at the positions of the recesses 13, 23, so that the first and second link members 10, 20 are kept stable to ensure the accuracy of use during surgery.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, in another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a locking structure is provided on a side (i.e., an inner side) of the first and second link members 10 and 20 facing each other.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6A to 6D, the locking structure includes a first locking member 70 and a second locking member 80. The first locking member 70 and the second locking member 80 are different in rigidity or elasticity, and one of the first locking member 70 and the second locking member 80 is generally more easily deformed when they are in contact. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second locking member 80 is more elastic than the first locking member 70, or the first locking member 70 is more rigid than the second locking member 80, so that the second locking member 80 is more easily elastically deformed when the first locking member 70 and the second locking member 80 are in contact.

Further, the first locking member 70 has a contact hook 71, and the second locking member 80 has a contact accommodating portion 81 corresponding to the contact hook 71; the contact hook 71 has a first inclined surface 72 and a second inclination 73 located at a back of the first inclined surface, and a merging point at which the first inclined surface 72 and the second inclination 73 extend downward forms a merging portion 74; the contact accommodating portion 81 has a third inclined surface 82 corresponding to the first inclined surface 72 and a fourth inclined surface 83 corresponding to the second inclined surface 73, and a back surface of a meeting point at which the third inclined surface 82 and the fourth inclined surface 83 extend downward forms an accommodating recess 84 for accommodating the meeting portion 74.

Fig. 7A to 7D are schematic views of contact states of the contact hook and the contact accommodating part when the practitioner operates the first and second link members to lock and unlock the first and second locking members 70 and 80. Fig. 7A to 7D are viewed from the proximal end to the distal end, i.e., in the same direction as fig. 6A (fig. 6B is viewed from the distal end to the proximal end); also, the contact hook 71 and the contact accommodating portion 81 are only schematically shown in fig. 7A to 7D to make the display of the contact state more clear.

In use of the present invention with the locking structure, referring to fig. 7A to 7D, a physician operates (presses) the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 20 to draw the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 20 toward each other; at this time, the first inclined surface 72 and the third inclined surface 82 come into contact, and as the first link member 10 and the second link member 20 get closer together (the contact hook 71 moves in the direction of the arrow a1 in fig. 7A, and the contact accommodating portion 81 moves in the direction of the arrow a2 in fig. 7A), the second locking member 80 having the third inclined surface 82 starts to be elastically deformed until the merging portion 74 of the contact hook 71 of the first locking member 70 completely rides over the third inclined surface 82, at which time the third inclined surface 82 of the contact accommodating portion 81 of the second locking member 80 is no longer pressed and thus is no longer elastically deformed, at which time the merging portion 74 is accommodated in the accommodating recess 84 (see fig. 7B), that is, the contact hook 71 is locked to the contact accommodating portion 81, so that the first locking member 70 and the second locking member 80 are locked to each other. Accordingly, the first link member 10 and the second link member 20 are locked to each other. This allows the clamp formed by the distal end 32 of the third link member 30 and the distal end 42 of the fourth link member 40 to be locked, and even if the physician's fingers are released, the clamp will not open, so that the clamped object will not fall out, which is advantageous when clamping tissue to cause tissue necrosis.

When it is not necessary to lock the first and second link members 10 and 20 to each other, the physician may continue to operate (press) the first and second link members 10 and 20 in the same direction so that the confluence portion 74 crosses the accommodation recess 84, at which time the second inclined surface 73 and the fourth inclined surface 83 come into contact, the first and second link members 10 and 20 are moved away from each other by the elastic restoration of the first and second link members 10 and 20 (the contact hook 71 is moved in the direction of the arrow a2 in fig. 7C and the contact accommodation portion 81 is moved in the direction of the arrow a1 in fig. 7C), and the contact hook 71 and the contact accommodation portion 81 are separated by the elastic deformation of the second locking member 80 having the fourth inclined surface 83 and the second and fourth inclined surfaces 73 and 83 come into contact with each other (fig. 7D shows a state before separation), that is, the first locking member 70 and the second locking member 80 are separated (unlocked). After the first and second locking members 70 and 80 are separated, the second locking member 80 is elastically restored to its original shape.

With the above-described structure, the physician can very easily manipulate the first and second locking parts 70 and 80 such that the first and second locking parts 70 and 80 are locked to or separated from each other, thereby achieving the locking or separation of the first and second link members 10 and 20 to or from each other.

The above-described arrangement of the first and second locking parts 70 and 80 at the first and second link members 10 and 20 is merely exemplary, and the first and second locking parts 70 and 80 may be arranged at the third and fourth link members 30 and 40. Further, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first locking part 70 may be mounted to the first connecting rod member 10 through a mounting part 75 (see fig. 6A and 6C) integrally formed therewith, and the mounting part 75 may be fixed to the first connecting rod member 10 by bolting, welding, or the like. Likewise, the second locking member 80 may be mounted to the second link member 20 by a mounting portion 85 (see fig. 6B and 6D) integrally formed therewith, and the mounting portion 85 may be fixed to the second link member 20 by bolting or welding, or the like. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the first locking member 70 may be integrally formed with the first link member 10, and the second locking member 80 may be integrally formed with the second link member 20.

In an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, the length ratio of the first and second link members 10 and 20 to the third and fourth link members 30 and 40 is 1.5-2.5, and preferably, the length ratio of the first and second link members 10 and 20 to the third and fourth link members 30 and 40 is 2. Taking the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 2 to 4 as an example, the first and second link members 10 and 20 may have a length of 20cm, and the third and fourth link members 30 and 40 may have a length of 10 cm. Of course, this is only one embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The length of the first connecting rod part 10 and the second connecting rod part 20 can be 10-30cm, and the length of the third connecting rod part 30 and the fourth connecting rod part 40 can be 4-20cm according to different occasion requirements.

Further, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to 4, the widths of the third link member 30 and the fourth link member 40 from the third hinge part 53 to the grip part are maintained constant. In other embodiments, such as the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the third link member 30 and the fourth link member 40 taper in width from the third hinge portion 53 to the clamping portion.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to 5, the grip portions of the third link member 30 and the fourth link member 40 are kept substantially horizontal without being bent downward. In other embodiments, such as the embodiment shown in fig. 9 and 10, the clamping portions of the third and fourth link members 30 and 40 are bent downward 15 to 30 degrees in the longitudinal direction. Wherein fig. 9 shows an embodiment bent downward 15 degrees, while fig. 10 shows an embodiment bent downward 30 degrees.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the sandwiching portion between the third link member 30 and the fourth link member 40 may have a flat annular shape.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications thereof. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. Medical forceps, comprising:

a first link member and a second link member having shapes symmetrical to each other and elastically restorably coupled together at proximal ends thereof at a predetermined angle;

a third link member having a proximal end connected to the distal end of the first link by a first hinge;

a fourth link member having a symmetrical shape to the third link member and a proximal end thereof being hinge-connected to a distal end of the second link by a second hinge;

wherein the middle portions of the third and fourth link members are hingedly connected by a third hinge, and the distance from the proximal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge is greater than the distance from the distal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third hinge;

a distal end of the third link member and a distal end of the fourth link member form a grip.

2. The medical forceps according to claim 1, wherein the first and second link members have a shape of a semi-cylinder symmetrical to each other, and proximal ends of the first and second link members may be respectively provided with recesses symmetrical to each other.

3. The medical forceps of claim 1, wherein the first and second link members are provided with locking structures on sides facing each other; the locking structure includes:

a first locking member having a contact hook with a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface located on a back of the first inclined surface, a meeting point at which the first inclined surface and the second inclined downwardly extending meet forming a meeting portion;

a second locking member having a contact accommodating portion having a third inclined surface corresponding to the first inclined surface and a fourth inclined surface corresponding to the second inclined surface, a back surface of a merging point at which the third inclined surface and the fourth inclined surface extend downward forming an accommodating recess for accommodating the merging portion.

4. The medical forceps of claim 3, wherein the first locking member and the second locking member are different in rigidity or elasticity so that one of the first locking member and the second locking member is more easily deformed when they are in contact.

5. The medical forceps of claim 1, wherein the distance from the proximal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third articulation is 1.5-2.5 times the distance from the distal ends of the third and fourth link members to the third articulation.

6. The medical forceps of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the lengths of the first and second linkage members to the third and fourth linkage members is 1.5-2.5.

7. The medical forceps of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the third and fourth link members have a constant width from the third hinge to the grip.

8. The medical forceps of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the third and fourth link members taper in width from the third hinge to the grip.

9. The medical forceps of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the gripping portions of the third and fourth link members are bent downward in the longitudinal direction by 15 degrees to 30 degrees.

10. The medical forceps according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the holding portions of the third and fourth link members are in a flat annular shape.

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