JP4403240B2 - 低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法 - Google Patents
低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4403240B2 JP4403240B2 JP2004060532A JP2004060532A JP4403240B2 JP 4403240 B2 JP4403240 B2 JP 4403240B2 JP 2004060532 A JP2004060532 A JP 2004060532A JP 2004060532 A JP2004060532 A JP 2004060532A JP 4403240 B2 JP4403240 B2 JP 4403240B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ion exchange
- exchange resin
- low
- level radioactive
- plasma
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 49
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002925 low-level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005258 radioactive decay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004055 radioactive waste management Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Description
確かに、セメントは、低レベル放射性固体廃棄物の固化剤として優れた特性を有し、十分な強度と長期にわたる放射性物質の揮散防止が期待できる。しかし、通常は、固化処理により、廃棄物が増量する問題がある。
一方、アスファルトは、低レベル放射性固体廃棄物と加熱溶融混合されるため、該廃棄物中の水分が混合過程でほぼ全量除去されるので、質量・体積の減少(減容)効果があり、耐浸出性もある。しかし、固化剤自体が可燃性であるという問題がある。
このように、低レベル放射性固体廃棄物ですら、現時点で貯蔵場所の確保が困難な状況にあり、また、各固化剤にも種々の問題があるので、原子炉の廃棄が予想される近い将来はより一層貯蔵・埋設場所の確保などに困難が生じることが憂慮されている。
また、日本原子力研究所の東海研究所には、酸素または空気の存在下で熱プラズマによる低レベル放射性廃棄物の処理設備が設置されている。
空気によるプラズマ処理の場合は、大気圧下で行われる点で経済的であるが、排気ガスに窒素酸化物が多く含有されるという問題がある。
(実施例1)
プラズマ処理装置のプラズマジェット発生炉の下流側に設けた反応器に、コバルト300mgを吸着した強酸性陽イオン交換樹脂20gを試料として入れた。プラズマガスとしてアルゴンガスを18L/min、酸化性ガスとして二酸化炭素を18L/min用いて、アーク電流200Aおよびアーク電圧25V、大気圧で、40min間熱プラズマ処理した。
同じ試料の容積減少率は、10min経過毎に試料の平均粒径を測定し、該平均粒径から平均容積を計算し、処理前の平均容積と比較して求めた。なお、試料の平均粒径は、光学顕微鏡の観察視野内の試料100個の長径を測定し、算術平均して求めた。40min後の容積減少率は62%であった。
プラズマ処理時間40min後の廃イオン交換樹脂におけるコバルトの保持率は99.6質量%であった。なお、コバルトが全く揮散しない場合が100質量%である。
図2から明らかなように、処理時間20minまではスルホン酸基(1030、1130、1180および1230cm-1)、およびパラジ置換ベンゼン(820cm-1 )のピークがともに減少しているが、処理時間40minでは、スルホン酸基のピークが消え、パラジ置換ベンゼンのピークが残っていることが分かる。これにより、廃イオン交換樹脂が分解したことが証明される。
実施例1において、酸化性ガスとしての二酸化炭素の流量18L/minを9L/minまたは27L/minに変える以外は、実施例1と同様に、廃イオン交換樹脂のプラズマ処理と測定・調査を行った。質量減少率、容積減少率は実施例1とほとんど変わらなかった。
実施例1において、プラズマ入力電力を5kWから7.7kWに変える以外は、実施例1と同様に、廃イオン交換樹脂のプラズマ処理と測定・調査を行った。40min後の質量減少率は実施例1の70%より増大し、80%であった。
実施例1において、放射性物質としてコバルトの代わりにセシウムを用いる以外は、実施例1と同様に、廃イオン交換樹脂のプラズマ処理と測定・調査を行った。質量減少率、容積減少率は実施例1と同じであった。
実施例1において、酸化性ガスとして二酸化炭素を用いる代わりに、酸素ガス18L/minを用いる以外は、実施例1と同様に、プラズマ処理を行ない、実施例1と同様に測定・調査を行った。40min後の質量減少率は95%であった。また、その結果を図1に示した。40min後の容積減少率は83%であった。プラズマ処理時間40min後の廃イオン交換樹脂におけるコバルトの保持率は97.6質量%であった。
実施例1において、酸化性ガスとして二酸化炭素を用いる代わりに、空気18L/minを用いる以外は、実施例1と同様に、プラズマ処理を行ない、実施例1と同様に測定・調査を行った。40min後の質量減少率は78%であった。また、その結果を図1に示した。40min後の容積減少率は73%であった。プラズマ処理時間40min後の廃イオン交換樹脂におけるコバルトの保持率は98.9質量%であった。
実施例1において、酸化性ガスを用いずに、アルゴンガス18L/minを用いる以外は、実施例1と同様に、プラズマ処理を行ない、実施例1と同様に測定・調査を行った。40min後の質量減少率は61%であった。また、その結果を図1に示した。40min後の容積減少率は62%であった。プラズマ処理時間40min後の廃イオン交換樹脂におけるコバルトの保持率は98.4質量%であった。
また、40min後のコバルトの保持率は、二酸化炭素を用いた場合(実施例1)が99.6%で、酸素や空気を用いた場合(比較例1、2)に比べ高率であり、二酸化炭素を用いた場合に、コバルトの揮散が少ない。
Claims (4)
- 原子炉の冷却水の浄化に使用した、低レベル放射性物質を含有するイオン交換樹脂を、酸化性ガスとしての二酸化炭素または一酸化炭素の供給下にプラズマ処理し、該イオン交換樹脂の分解による減容と、該放射性物質の揮散防止を行うことを特徴とする低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法。
- 放射性物質がコバルトまたはセシウムである請求項1に記載の低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法。
- イオン交換樹脂に含有される低レベル放射性物質の含有量が0.1〜3質量%である請求項1または2に記載の低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法。
- プラズマ処理を、アルゴンガスを用い、プラズマ入力電力0.5〜100kW、アーク電流50〜1000A、アーク電圧10〜100V、アルゴンガス流量1〜100L/minおよび二酸化炭素または一酸化炭素流量1〜100L/minの条件で行う請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004060532A JP4403240B2 (ja) | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | 低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004060532A JP4403240B2 (ja) | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | 低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005249587A JP2005249587A (ja) | 2005-09-15 |
JP4403240B2 true JP4403240B2 (ja) | 2010-01-27 |
Family
ID=35030196
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004060532A Expired - Lifetime JP4403240B2 (ja) | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | 低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4403240B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101065353B1 (ko) | 2009-11-23 | 2011-09-19 | 한국원자력연구원 | 폐양이온교환수지를 분해처리하는 방법 |
WO2014068643A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-08 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | 放射性セシウムの除去方法、及び、焼成物の製造方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-03-04 JP JP2004060532A patent/JP4403240B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005249587A (ja) | 2005-09-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Andreozzi et al. | Advanced oxidation processes for the treatment of mineral oil-contaminated wastewaters | |
Aziz | Heterogeneous catalytic activation of peroxydisulfate toward degradation of pharmaceuticals diclofenac and ibuprofen using scrap printed circuit board | |
Nandanwar et al. | Adsorption of radioactive iodine and krypton from off-gas stream using continuous flow adsorption column | |
Helsen et al. | Arsenic release during pyrolysis of CCA treated wood waste: current state of knowledge | |
Capece et al. | Effects of temperature and surface contamination on D retention in ultrathin Li films on TZM | |
Njoyim-Tamungang et al. | Pollution control of surface waters by coupling gliding discharge treatment with incorporated oyster shell powder | |
Shin et al. | Preparation of polyynes by laser ablation of graphite in aqueous media | |
US20130211172A1 (en) | Method for partially decontaminating radioactive waste | |
JP4403240B2 (ja) | 低レベル放射性イオン交換樹脂の廃棄処理方法 | |
Back et al. | Correlation between mercury content and leaching characteristics in waste phosphor powder from spent UV curing lamp after thermal treatment | |
Babikir et al. | Plasma‐Assisted CO2 Reduction into Nanocarbon in Water Using Sonochemically Dispersed Liquid Gallium | |
Fu et al. | Investigation on decontamination kinetics of metallic radionuclides in irradiated graphite by chlorination roasting | |
Pu et al. | Insights into the uranium-H2O corrosion mechanism from the atomic-scale coexistence relationship between UH3 and UO2 | |
Kolman et al. | Thermally induced gallium removal from plutonium dioxide for MOX fuel production | |
KR102721133B1 (ko) | 이온 교환 수지 컨디셔닝 방법 및 이러한 방법을 수행하기 위한 장치 | |
Lahiri et al. | Intensified ceria recovery from graphite substrate and cleanup of leachant using sonication | |
Xie et al. | Cold Plasma Processing of Biochar Using Corona Discharge in Atmospheric Pressure Dry Air and Helium | |
JP2004340769A (ja) | 有機酸除染廃液の処理方法および装置 | |
JP3861286B2 (ja) | 放射性汚染金属の溶融処理方法 | |
Uddin et al. | Effects of dissolved gases and pH on sonolysis of 2, 4-dichlorophenol | |
Pawłat et al. | Oxidant formation and the decomposition of organic compounds in foaming systems | |
Kitagaki et al. | Application of atmospheric-pressure non-thermal plasma to chlorination of hardly soluble materials | |
JPS6061697A (ja) | 放射性液体有機廃棄物の分解処理方法 | |
JP2005241531A (ja) | 硝酸塩を含む廃棄物処理装置および方法 | |
JP2014008495A (ja) | 汚泥の減量処理方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070228 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20080415 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20080916 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20081117 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20081119 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20081119 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090224 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090526 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20090727 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20090901 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20090930 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20091001 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20090930 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20091009 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121113 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4403240 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313117 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121113 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20171113 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20171113 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313117 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20171113 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313117 |
|
R360 | Written notification for declining of transfer of rights |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R360 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313118 |
|
R360 | Written notification for declining of transfer of rights |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R360 |
|
R371 | Transfer withdrawn |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R371 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |