JP4388996B2 - 磁性化学吸収剤、その製造方法及びその再生方法並びに廃液処理方法 - Google Patents
磁性化学吸収剤、その製造方法及びその再生方法並びに廃液処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4388996B2 JP4388996B2 JP2008530991A JP2008530991A JP4388996B2 JP 4388996 B2 JP4388996 B2 JP 4388996B2 JP 2008530991 A JP2008530991 A JP 2008530991A JP 2008530991 A JP2008530991 A JP 2008530991A JP 4388996 B2 JP4388996 B2 JP 4388996B2
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- chemical absorbent
- ions
- magnetic chemical
- waste liquid
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical class [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Description
以下に示す製造方法により、磁性化学吸収剤を製造した。
まず、塩化第一鉄(FeCl2)と塩化第二鉄(FeCl3)との混合物(FeCl2:FeCl3のモル比が1:2)に希釈アンモニア水溶液をゆっくり添加して、pH=8に調節することにより、平均粒径が10〜100nm程度のマグネタイト微粒子を沈殿させた。そして、磁気分離によりマグネタイト微粒子を固液分離し、その後pHが7になるまで数回洗浄して、マグネタイト微粒子を準備した。
マグネタイト微粒子を添加しないこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、平均粒径が6μmの粉末状の比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトを製造した。
比較例1で得られた単体シュベルトマナイトと、平均粒径が0.1μmのマグネタイト粉末との混合物を得た。
実施例1で得られた磁性化学吸収剤の表面形態を現すSEM写真を図1に示し、比較例1で得られた単体シュベルトマナイトの表面形態を現すSEM写真を図2に示す。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤及び比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトについて、X線回折装置によりXRD分析をした結果を図3に示す。なお、図3において、with magnetiteで示されるものが実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤のXRDの分析結果であり、without magnetiteで示されるものが比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトのXRDの分析結果である。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤及び比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトについて、振動型磁力計により磁化曲線を調べた結果を図4に示す。なお、図4において、FHIで示されるものが実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤の磁化曲線であり、schwertmanniteで示されるものが比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトの磁化曲線である。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤及び比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトについて、電気泳動光散乱分光光度計によりZetaポテンシャル(表面電位)を測定した結果を図5に示す。なお、図5において、with magnetiteで示されるものが実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤のZetaポテンシャルの測定結果であり、without magnetiteで示されるものが比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトのZetaポテンシャルの測定結果である。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤について、吸着等温線モデルに基づいてモデル解析をすることにより、Cr吸収容量を調べた。その結果、実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤のCr吸収容量は、既存の吸収剤の中でもCr吸収容量の大きい吸収剤として知られている活性炭素と比べて、少なくとも2倍以上である120mg/gであることが確認できた。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤について、Cr吸収量を調べた。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤について、前記評価6と同様にして、P(リン)吸収量を調べた。その結果を図7に示す。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤について、前記評価6と同様にして、F(フッ素)吸収量を調べた。その結果を図8に示す。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤について、Cr吸収量に及ぼすpHの影響を調べた。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤、比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイト及び比較例2に係る単体シュベルトマナイトとマグネタイト粉末との混合物について、前記評価6と同様にして、P吸収量を調べた。その結果を図10に示す。なお、図10において、schwertmanniteで示されるものが比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトのP吸収量であり、new adsorbentで示されるものが実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤のP吸収量であり、schw+0.4%magnetiteで示されるものが比較例2に係る混合物のP吸収量である。
実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤及び比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトについて、前記評価6と同様にして、F吸収量を調べた。その結果を図11に示す。なお、図11において、new adsorbentで示されるものが実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤のF吸収量であり、schwertmanniteで示されるものが比較例1に係る単体シュベルトマナイトのF吸収量である。
実施例1で得られた磁性化学吸収剤が強磁性の性質を有するか否かについて、磁極表面での磁束密度が0.5テスラ程度の永久磁石を用いて調べた。その結果を図12に示す。
図14の模式図に示される実験装置を準備した。この実験装置では、下から上向きの磁場1内にガラス管2が配設されるとともに、このガラス管2内であって磁場勾配最大の位置に、強磁性ワイヤーよりなる磁気フィルタ3が配設されている。
初期P濃度が20mg/lであり、pHが7の廃水に、実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤を1g/lの添加割合で添加して3時間攪拌して、この磁性化学吸収剤に排水中のPを吸収させた。このとき、実施例1に係る磁性化学吸収剤の新品状態におけるP吸収率を調べたところ、表2に示されるように、99.7%であった。
3…磁気フィルタ
Claims (17)
- マグネタイト微粒子よりなる核物質と、該核物質の周りに析出して化学的に結合したシュベルトマナイトとから構成された複合体を備えることを特徴とする磁性化学吸収剤。
- 前記複合体の磁性特性は強磁性と常磁性との複合磁性を示すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁性化学吸収剤。
- 前記複合体全体に対する前記核物質の質量比率は0.03〜5%であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の磁性化学吸収剤。
- 第二鉄塩の溶液を加熱する加熱工程と、加熱された該溶液に反応性物質を添加して加水分解反応によりシュベルトマナイトの結晶を析出させる析出工程とを含む加水分解反応工程を備え、
前記加熱工程で前記溶液を加熱した後で、且つ前記析出工程で前記結晶の析出が始まる前に、マグネタイト微粒子を前記溶液中に添加することにより、該析出工程において該マグネタイト微粒子の周りにシュベルトマナイトの結晶を析出させて、該マグネタイト微粒子よりなる核物質と、該核物質の周りに析出して化学的に結合したシュベルトマナイトとから構成された複合体を得ることを特徴とする磁性化学吸収剤の製造方法。 - 前記マグネタイト微粒子の添加量は、前記複合体全体に対する質量比率において、0.03〜5%であることを特徴とする請求項4記載の磁性化学吸収剤の製造方法。
- 前記マグネタイト微粒子の平均粒径は10〜1000nmであることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の磁性化学吸収剤の製造方法。
- 前記析出工程で前記溶液の色変化が起こる前に前記マグネタイト微粒子を該溶液中に添加することを特徴とする請求項4乃至6のうちのいずれか一つに記載の磁性化学吸収剤の製造方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の磁性化学吸収剤により吸収可能な少なくとも一種の有害イオンを含む廃液から該有害イオンを除去する廃液処理方法であって、
前記廃液に前記磁性化学吸収剤を添加して、該磁性化学吸収剤に前記有害イオンを化学吸収させる吸収工程と、
前記有害イオンを化学吸収した前記磁性化学吸収剤を前記廃液から磁気分離する分離工程とを備えていることを特徴とする廃液処理方法。 - 前記吸収工程では、前記廃液のpHが9以下に調整されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の廃液処理方法。
- 前記有害イオンは、クロム酸イオン、リン酸系イオン、フッ化物イオン、ヒ酸イオン、セレン酸イオン、アンチモン酸イオン、ウラン酸イオン等の、人体又は環境等に有害なイオン及びその他重金属イオンよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種であることを特徴とする請求項8又は9に記載の廃液処理方法。
- 前記分離工程では、0.1〜0.5テスラの磁場によって、前記有害イオンを吸収した前記磁性化学吸収剤を磁気分離することを特徴とする請求項8乃至10のうちのいずれか一つに記載の廃液処理方法。
- 前記吸収工程では、前記廃液が固定状態にある固定層で前記有害イオンを前記磁性化学吸収剤に吸収させることを特徴とする請求項8乃至11のうちのいずれか一つに記載の廃液処理方法。
- 前記吸収工程では、前記廃液が流動状態にある流動層で前記有害イオンを前記磁性化学吸収剤に吸収させることを特徴とする請求項8乃至11のうちのいずれか一つに記載の廃液処理方法。
- 前記分離工程では、前記廃液が固定状態にある固定層で前記有害イオンを吸収した前記磁性化学吸収剤を固液分離することを特徴とする請求項8乃至13のうちのいずれか一つに記載の廃液処理方法。
- 前記分離工程では、前記廃液が流動状態にある流動層で前記有害イオンを吸収した前記磁性化学吸収剤を固液分離することを特徴とする請求項8乃至13のうちのいずれか一つに記載の廃液処理方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の磁性化学吸収剤により吸収可能な少なくとも一種の有害イオンを化学吸収した該磁性化学吸収剤を硫酸水溶液で処理することにより、該磁性化学吸収剤に化学吸収された該有害イオンを硫酸イオンで置換することを特徴とする磁性化学吸収剤の再生方法。
- 前記硫酸水溶液の濃度は0.01〜0.2モル/lであることを特徴とする請求項16に記載の磁性化学吸収剤の再生方法。
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