JP4362328B2 - Seismic damper for wooden house with superplastic alloy - Google Patents

Seismic damper for wooden house with superplastic alloy Download PDF

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JP4362328B2
JP4362328B2 JP2003277722A JP2003277722A JP4362328B2 JP 4362328 B2 JP4362328 B2 JP 4362328B2 JP 2003277722 A JP2003277722 A JP 2003277722A JP 2003277722 A JP2003277722 A JP 2003277722A JP 4362328 B2 JP4362328 B2 JP 4362328B2
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damper
deformation
wooden house
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superplastic alloy
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JP2005042403A (en
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淳道 櫛部
和雄 青木
章 梅国
重雄 嶺脇
浩一 槙井
誠矢 古田
健司 東
正秀 高津
立夫 江
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Takenaka Corp
Kobe Steel Ltd
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Osaka Prefecture University
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Takenaka Corp
Kobe Steel Ltd
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Osaka Prefecture University
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
    • F16F7/123—Deformation involving a bending action, e.g. strap moving through multiple rollers, folding of members

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Description

この発明は、主として木造住宅の柱と梁の仕口部に取り付けて耐震補強に使用する、超塑性合金による制震ダンパーの技術分野に属する。   The present invention belongs to a technical field of a damping damper made of a superplastic alloy, which is mainly used for seismic reinforcement by attaching to a joint portion of a column and a beam of a wooden house.

木造住宅の耐震補強に使用する制震ダンパーには、地震時における住宅の揺れを低減して住宅の損傷を抑え、人命や資産を健全に維持する働きが期待される。
木造住宅用の既往の制震ダンパーを大別すると、鋼材を用いたもの、粘弾性体を用いたもの、オイルダンパーを用いたもの等々が一般的である。 Damping dampers used for seismic reinforcement of wooden houses are expected to reduce the shaking of the houses during earthquakes, reduce damage to the houses, and maintain healthy lives and assets.
The existing seismic dampers for wooden houses are broadly classified into those using steel, those using viscoelastic bodies, those using oil dampers, and the like.

例えば下記の特許文献１、２には、木造住宅の軸組みに使用する鋼材系の制震ダンパーが開示されている。
また、特許文献３、４には、木造住宅の軸組みに使用する粘弾性体ダンパーが開示されている。
特許文献５、６には、オイルダンパーを利用した壁型のダンパー装置、制震装置が開示されている。 For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 listed below disclose steel-based damping dampers used for the framework of wooden houses.
Further, Patent Documents 3 and 4 disclose viscoelastic dampers used for a framework of a wooden house.
Patent Documents 5 and 6 disclose wall-type damper devices and vibration control devices that use oil dampers.

その他、特許文献７、８には弾塑性ダンパーが開示され、更に特許文献９、１０には、亜鉛・アルミニウム合金等の所謂超塑性合金を利用した制震装置がそれぞれ開示されている。   In addition, Patent Documents 7 and 8 disclose elastic-plastic dampers, and Patent Documents 9 and 10 each disclose a vibration control device using a so-called superplastic alloy such as a zinc-aluminum alloy.

特開２００２−２３５４５６号公報JP 2002-235456 A 特開２００２−２３５４５７号公報JP 2002-235457 A 特開２０００−１６０６８３号公報JP 2000-160683 A 特開２００１−２９５５０６号公報JP 2001-295506 A 特開２０００−２１３２０２号公報JP 2000-213202 A 特開２００１−３５９７号公報JP 2001-3597 A 特開平５−２６２７４号公報JP-A-5-26274 特開平５−２６２７５号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-26275 特開２００２−２４２９８８号公報JP 2002-242988 A 特開２００２−２５０１４９号公報JP 2002-250149 A

上記特許文献１、２に開示された鋼材系の制震ダンパーは、地震等により塑性ひずみ履歴を受けると、繰り返し変形に対して降伏荷重が漸次変動し、制震性能が変化する不安定さがある。即ち、鋼材の加工硬化により降伏荷重が上昇し、２回目以降は材料の弾性領域が長くなり、エネルギ吸収性能が不安定となる。この点は鋼材系の制震ダンパーに極低降伏点鋼を用いた場合にも顕著な性状である。
鋼材系の制震ダンパーは、塑性歪みを受けると、機械的性質の劣化を起こすため、継続使用の際の性能把握が困難で、往々にして点検・交換をする必要が大であり、メンテナンスに相当額の費用負担が発生することが問題である。 The steel-based damping dampers disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above are subject to instability in which the yield load gradually changes due to repeated deformation and the damping performance changes when subjected to a plastic strain history due to an earthquake or the like. is there. That is, the yield load increases due to the work hardening of the steel material, and the elastic region of the material becomes longer after the second time, and the energy absorption performance becomes unstable. This is a remarkable characteristic even when an extremely low yield point steel is used for the steel system damping damper.
Steel-based seismic dampers are subject to deterioration of mechanical properties when subjected to plastic strain, making it difficult to grasp the performance during continuous use, and often require inspection and replacement. The problem is that a considerable amount of costs are incurred.

上記特許文献３、４に開示された粘弾性体ダンパーは、温度依存性が非常に大きく、地震エネルギの吸収による発熱に関して、熱の逸散が悪く、繰り返し変形時における強度低下が著しいため、制震性能が不安定となる。外気温の変動の差が大きい一般の木造住宅へ適用する場合には、夏と冬などの季節要因によって使用温度が大きく異なることになり、制震性能が大きく左右されることになって不都合である。   The viscoelastic dampers disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4 have a very large temperature dependency, and heat dissipation due to absorption of seismic energy is poor, and the strength is greatly reduced during repeated deformation. Seismic performance becomes unstable. When applied to a general wooden house with a large difference in fluctuations in outside air temperature, the operating temperature will vary greatly depending on seasonal factors such as summer and winter, and the vibration control performance will be greatly affected. is there.

上記特許文献５、６に開示されたオイルダンパーは、通例直線運動機構により実施するため、オイルダンパーの円滑な動きを確保するために多くの補助部材や金具類を取り付ける必要があり、とうてい木造住宅の柱と梁の仕口部にコンパクトに納まる構造とはなり得ず、また、低コスト化は容易なことではない。即ち、直線運動機構その他が複雑な構成となるので、高価なものになってしまう。しかもオイル漏れなどによる性能劣化に注意が必要であり、定期的な保守・点検が必要で、費用が掛かる。   Since the oil dampers disclosed in Patent Documents 5 and 6 are generally implemented by a linear motion mechanism, it is necessary to attach a lot of auxiliary members and metal fittings in order to ensure a smooth movement of the oil damper. The structure cannot be compactly accommodated in the joints of the columns and beams, and cost reduction is not easy. That is, since the linear motion mechanism and the like have a complicated configuration, it becomes expensive. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to performance deterioration due to oil leakage, etc., and regular maintenance and inspection are necessary, which is expensive.

上記特許文献７、８に開示された弾塑性ダンパー、及び特許文献９、１０に開示された亜鉛・アルミニウム合金等の所謂超塑性合金を利用した制震装置はそれぞれ、ビル等の大規模建築物に適用されるもので、そもそも木造住宅の柱と梁の仕口部に適用出来るような構造、性能になっていない。   The elasto-plastic dampers disclosed in Patent Documents 7 and 8 and so-called superplastic alloys such as zinc-aluminum alloys disclosed in Patent Documents 9 and 10 are large-scale buildings such as buildings. In the first place, it does not have a structure and performance that can be applied to the column and beam joints of wooden houses.

本発明の目的は、超塑性合金を利用した制震ダンパーであって、木造住宅の柱と梁の仕口部に適用出来るように小型にコンパクト化され、充分に安価であり、木造住宅への取り付け設置が簡単であり、木造住宅の耐震安全性を向上させることができ、大地震に遭遇しても木造住宅の耐用年数の間はメンテナンスフリーで使用可能な木造住宅用制震ダンパーを提供することである。   An object of the present invention is a damping damper using a superplastic alloy, which is small and compact so that it can be applied to a column and beam joint of a wooden house, is sufficiently inexpensive, and is suitable for a wooden house. It provides easy installation and installation, can improve the seismic safety of wooden houses, and provides seismic dampers for wooden houses that can be used maintenance-free for the life of wooden houses even in the event of a major earthquake. That is.

上述した課題を解決するための手段として、請求項１に記載した発明に係る超塑性合金による木造住宅用制震ダンパーは、
木造住宅の柱１と梁２の仕口部にほぼ４５°方向に配置して取り付けられる超塑性合金製の制震ダンパー３であって、
柱・梁フレームの面内方向に円弧形状に湾曲された細幅の変形部３１と、及びその両端の非変形とするために充分な大きさの幅寸に拡幅された支持部３０とから成り、少なくとも前記変形部３１を超塑性合金により製作された制震ダンパー３と、
前記制震ダンパー３の両端の前記支持部３０を住宅の柱・梁仕口部へ取り付ける取付金具４との組み合わせで構成され、
前記制震ダンパー３は、変形部３１の円弧形状を柱・梁フレームの面内方向とし、且つ両端の支持部３０の加力点の位置を結んだ直線Ｐ−Ｑから離れた変形部３１の円弧外縁を柱・梁仕口の隅部へ向け、両端の支持部３０は、同支持部３０の加力点に設けたピン孔３２へ通したピン５を取付金具４へも共通に通したピン接合とし、該取付金具４を介して柱・梁仕口部へ設置され、
制震ダンパー３の前記変形部３１は、木造住宅の柱・梁仕口部に作用する水平力が、両端の支持部３０のピン接合部を介して作用することにより生ずる軸力と曲げモーメントに対して、同変形部３１の端部から中央部にかけて一様な変形をするように、同変形部３１の端部から中央部にかけて断面積及び断面係数が漸次大きくなり、最大変形時にも円弧形状を維持するように形成されていることを特徴とする。 As means for solving the above-mentioned problem, a vibration damping damper for a wooden house made of a superplastic alloy according to the invention described in claim 1 is:
A damping damper 3 made of a superplastic alloy, which is attached to the joints of the pillar 1 and the beam 2 of the wooden house in a direction approximately 45 °,
A deformable portion 31 of the narrow, which is curved in a circular arc shape in the plane direction of the columns and beams frame, and the widened support portion 30. the width dimension large enough to be a non-deformed at both ends thereof And at least the deformation part 31 is made of a super-damping damper 3 made of a superplastic alloy,
Wherein the support portion 30 at both ends of the vibration control damper 3 is formed by a combination of with Keru mounting bracket 4 takes into columns and beams Joint portions of the housing,
The seismic damper 3 has an arc shape of the deformable portion 31 which is away from the straight line PQ connecting the positions of the applied points of the support portions 30 at both ends with the arc shape of the deformable portion 31 being the in-plane direction of the column / beam frame. Pin joints in which the outer edges are directed to the corners of the column / beam joint, and the support portions 30 at both ends are commonly connected to the mounting bracket 4 with the pins 5 passed through the pin holes 32 provided at the applied points of the support portions 30. And installed in the column / beam joint through the mounting bracket 4,
The deformation portion 31 of the vibration control damper 3 is adapted to the axial force and bending moment generated by the horizontal force acting on the pillar / beam joint of the wooden house acting through the pin joints of the support portions 30 at both ends. On the other hand, the cross-sectional area and section modulus gradually increase from the end portion to the central portion of the deformable portion 31 so as to be uniformly deformed from the end portion to the central portion of the deformable portion 31, and the circular arc shape even at the maximum deformation. It is characterized by being formed so that it may maintain .

請求項２に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した超塑性合金による木造住宅用制震ダンパー３において、超塑性合金は、亜鉛・アルミニウム合金（Ｚｎ−Ａｌ合金）であることを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 2 is the damping damper 3 for a wooden house using the superplastic alloy according to claim 1, wherein the superplastic alloy is a zinc-aluminum alloy (Zn-Al alloy). .

請求項１、２に記載した発明に係る超塑性合金による木造住宅用制震ダンパー３は、超塑性合金を利用して、木造住宅の柱と梁の仕口部に適用出来るように小型にコンパクト化されており、充分に安価である。しかも木造住宅への取り付け設置が簡単であり、木造住宅の耐震安全性を向上させることができ、大地震に遭遇しても木造住宅の耐用年数の間はメンテナンスフリーの使用が可能である。したがって、制震ダンパーの点検・交換に伴う仕上げ材の解体や復旧の手間と費用が不要である。木造住宅が新築であるか既存住宅であるかの別なく適用でき、汎用性が高い。木造の寺社、仏閣の伝統建築物の柱・梁仕口部に適用しても充分な制震効果を発揮する。
更に本発明の制震ダンパー３は、上述した考え方（形状設計法）に基づき、建物の規模に応じて大型化したものを製造すること、及び複数個組み合わせることが非常に容易であり、木造の他にも、中規模のボルト接合を主体とした鋼構造物やトラス構造、或いは鉄骨屋根等の制震ダンパーとしても充分な性能を発揮させることができる。 The damping damper 3 for a wooden house made of a superplastic alloy according to the first and second aspects of the invention uses a superplastic alloy and is compact and compact so that it can be applied to a column and beam joint of a wooden house. Is sufficiently inexpensive. In addition, the installation and installation on the wooden house is simple, and the earthquake-resistant safety of the wooden house can be improved, and maintenance-free use is possible during the service life of the wooden house even if it encounters a large earthquake. Therefore, the labor and cost of dismantling and restoration of the finishing material associated with inspection and replacement of the damping damper are unnecessary. It can be applied regardless of whether the wooden house is a newly built house or an existing house, and is highly versatile. Even if it is applied to wooden temples and pillars and beam joints of traditional buildings in Buddhist temples, it exhibits sufficient vibration control effects.
Furthermore, the damping damper 3 according to the present invention is very easy to manufacture in large size according to the scale of the building based on the above-described concept (shape design method) and to combine a plurality of them. In addition, sufficient performance can be exhibited as a steel structure or truss structure mainly composed of medium-scale bolt joints, or as a damping damper such as a steel roof.

木造住宅の柱と梁の仕口部にほぼ４５°方向に配置して取り付けられる超塑性合金製の制震ダンパーとして実施する。
柱・梁フレームの面内方向に円弧形状に湾曲された細幅の変形部３１と、及びその両端の非変形とするために充分な大きさの幅寸に拡幅された支持部３０とから成り、少なくとも前記変形部３１を超塑性合金により製作された制震ダンパー３と、
前記制震ダンパー３の両端の前記支持部３０を住宅の柱・梁仕口部へ取り付ける取付金具４との組み合わせで構成する。
前記制震ダンパー３は、変形部３１の円弧形状を柱・梁フレームの面内方向とし、且つ両端の支持部３０の加力点の位置を結んだ直線Ｐ−Ｑから離れた変形部３１の円弧外縁を柱・梁仕口の隅部に向け、両端の支持部３０は、同支持部３０の加力点に設けピン孔３２へ通したピン５を取付金具４へも共通に通してピン接合とし、前記取付金具４を介して木造住宅の柱・梁仕口部へ設置され、
制震ダンパー３の前記変形部３１は、木造住宅の柱・梁仕口部に作用する水平力が、両端の支持部３０へピン接合部を介して作用することにより生ずる軸力と曲げモーメントに対して、同変形部３１の端部から中央部にかけて一様な変形をするように、同端部から中央部にかけて断面積及び断面係数が漸次大きくなり、最大変形時にも円弧形状を維持するように形成されている。 It will be implemented as a damping damper made of superplastic alloy that is installed in a 45 ° orientation on the column and beam joints of a wooden house .
A deformable portion 31 of the narrow, which is curved in a circular arc shape in the plane direction of the columns and beams frame, and the widened support portion 30. the width dimension large enough to be a non-deformed at both ends thereof And at least the deformation part 31 is made of a super-damping damper 3 made of a superplastic alloy,
Wherein the support portion 30 at both ends of the Seismic Damper 3 constitutes a combination of a mounting bracket 4 Keru Installing the columns and beams Joint portions of the housing.
The seismic damper 3 has an arc shape of the deformable portion 31 which is away from the straight line PQ connecting the positions of the applied points of the support portions 30 at both ends with the arc shape of the deformable portion 31 being the in-plane direction of the column / beam frame. The outer edge is directed to the corner of the column / beam joint, and the support portions 30 at both ends are connected to the mounting bracket 4 by passing the pin 5 provided at the applied point of the support portion 30 and passing through the pin hole 32 to the pin fitting 32. , Installed on the pillar / beam joint of a wooden house via the mounting bracket 4,
The deformed portion 31 of the vibration control damper 3 has an axial force and a bending moment generated by the horizontal force acting on the pillar / beam joint of the wooden house acting on the support portions 30 at both ends via the pin joints. in contrast, to the uniform deformation to the center portion from the end portion of the deformation portion 31, the cross-sectional area and section modulus to the center portion from the end portion Ri gradually larger name also maintains the arc shape at the maximum deformation It is formed as follows.

図１は、木造住宅の柱１と梁２の仕口部に、請求項１〜３に記載した発明に係る超塑性合金による制震ダンパー３を、取付金具４、４によりほぼ４５°方向の配置に取り付けた使用状態を示している。
図２に示したように、本発明に係る制震ダンパーは、超塑性合金により製作された制震ダンパー３と、前記制震ダンパー３の両端の支持部３０、３０を住宅の柱１、梁２の仕口部へ木ネジ等で取り付け固定する取付金具４との組み合わせで構成されている。
前記制震ダンパー３は、住宅の柱・梁フレームの面内方向にほぼ平行幅の円弧形状に湾曲された細幅の変形部３１と、その両端の非変形とするために必要充分な大きさの幅寸に拡幅された支持部３０とから成り、少なくとも前記変形部３１が超塑性合金により製作されている。 FIG. 1 shows that a damping damper 3 made of a superplastic alloy according to the invention described in claims 1 to 3 is attached to a joint portion of a pillar 1 and a beam 2 of a wooden house by a mounting bracket 4 or 4 in a direction of approximately 45 °. The use state attached to the arrangement is shown.
As shown in FIG. 2, the damping damper according to the present invention includes a damping damper 3 made of a superplastic alloy, and support portions 30 and 30 at both ends of the damping damper 3. It is comprised with the combination with the attachment metal fitting 4 attached and fixed to the joint part of 2 with a wood screw etc.
The seismic damper 3 has a narrow deformed portion 31 that is curved in an arc shape having a substantially parallel width in the in-plane direction of the pillar / beam frame of the house, and a size that is necessary and sufficient for non-deformation of both ends thereof. And a support portion 30 widened to the width of at least one, and at least the deformation portion 31 is made of a superplastic alloy.

柱・梁フレームの面内方向にほぼ平行幅の円弧形状に湾曲された細幅の変形部３１は、具体的には、図３に示したように、板厚を一定とし、両端の支持部３０に設けられた加力点（後述するピン連結用孔３２の位置）を通じて入る地震等の入力が、軸力と曲げモーメントの合力として作用することを考慮した曲率の円弧形状に湾曲されている。一例として中立線の曲率半径の大きさは５０mm〜２５０mm程度に形成されている。
上記の変形部３１が直線形状であると、変形部３１の曲げ変形がスムーズに導入されないで、変形部３１の端部と支持部３０との境界部位に変形が集中する、いわゆるひずみ集中を起こす不都合がある。円弧形状に湾曲された変形部３１は、最大変形時にも円弧形状を維持することにより曲げ変形が維持され、引張り変形が生じない（突っ張らない）ようにする工夫である。このような工夫により、大変形を許容できる制震ダンパー３でありながら、座屈補剛部材によるダンパーの補剛が不要であり、非常に単純な構造を実施可能としている。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the narrow deformed portion 31 that is curved into an arc shape having a substantially parallel width in the in-plane direction of the column / beam frame has a constant plate thickness and supports portions at both ends. An arc such as an earthquake that enters through an applied point (position of a pin coupling hole 32 to be described later) provided at 30 is curved into an arc shape with a curvature that takes into consideration that it acts as a resultant force of an axial force and a bending moment. As an example, the radius of curvature of the neutral line is about 50 mm to 250 mm.
If the deformed portion 31 has a linear shape, bending deformation of the deformable portion 31 is not smoothly introduced, and deformation concentrates at the boundary portion between the end portion of the deformable portion 31 and the support portion 30, so-called strain concentration occurs. There is an inconvenience. The deformed portion 31 curved in an arc shape is a device that maintains the arc shape even at the maximum deformation so that bending deformation is maintained and tensile deformation does not occur (does not stretch). By such a device, although the vibration damper 3 can tolerate large deformation, it is not necessary to stiffen the damper with a buckling stiffening member, and a very simple structure can be implemented.

念のために言えば、前記円弧状に湾曲された変形部３１のうち、前記左右のピン連結孔３２の位置を結んだ直線Ｐ−Ｑから最も遠くに離れた中央部位が最大モーメントの位置となることから明らかなように、仮に変形部３１がその全長にわたり平行幅であると、中央部位に変形が集中してしまう。そうなると、変形性能には優れるものの、不必要な局部変形（ひずみ集中）を強いることとなり、変形部３１の全体で大きなエネルギ吸収を達成する、超塑性合金の利点を充分に活かすことができない。つまり、超塑性合金による高性能ダンパーとしては応力集中を避ける工夫が重要である。その手段として、本発明の制震ダンパー３は、前記のように軸力と曲げモーメントが同時に作用しても、変形部３１がその端部から中央部にかけて一様な変形をする（又は外力に応じてダンパーの縁応力度を均一化する）ように、同変形部３１の端部から中央部にかけての断面積及び断面係数が漸次大きくなるように形成されていることを特徴とする（請求項１に記載した発明）。かくして、本発明の制震ダンパー３は、その変形部３１の外観として、端部の幅寸が小さく、中央部位の幅寸の方が少し大きく太い形状を呈する（図３Ｂ参照）。 As a precaution, the central portion farthest from the straight line PQ connecting the positions of the left and right pin connection holes 32 in the arcuately deformed portion 31 is the position of the maximum moment. As is clear from the above, if the deformed portion 31 has a parallel width over its entire length, deformation concentrates on the central portion. In this case, although the deformation performance is excellent, unnecessary local deformation (strain concentration) is forced, and the advantage of the superplastic alloy that achieves large energy absorption in the entire deformation portion 31 cannot be fully utilized. That is, it is important to avoid stress concentration as a high-performance damper made of a superplastic alloy. As the means, the damping damper 3 according to the present invention causes the deformable portion 31 to be uniformly deformed from the end portion to the central portion (or to an external force) even if the axial force and the bending moment act simultaneously as described above. Accordingly, the sectional area and the section modulus from the end portion to the center portion of the deformable portion 31 are gradually increased so that the edge stress level of the damper is made uniform). 1). Thus, the damping damper 3 of the present invention has an outer appearance of the deformed portion 31 having a small width at the end and a slightly larger width at the central portion (see FIG. 3B) .

なお、本発明の制震ダンパー３を構成する超塑性合金としては、例えば特開平１１−２２２６４３号公報に開示されているように、加工硬化、ひずみ劣化を起こさない性質の亜鉛・アルミニウム合金（Ｚｎ−Ａｌ合金）を指す（請求項２に記載した発明）。両端の支持部３０に関しては、前記円弧状の変形部３１に変形を集中させるために必要な断面積と剛性が確保されておればよく、必ずしも変形部３１と同一の超塑性合金製であることを要しない。支持部３０は鋼製のパイプ等を被せた構造でも良く、それらを介して取付金具４へ取り付けても全く機能は損なわれない。   In addition, as a superplastic alloy constituting the damping damper 3 of the present invention, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-222463, a zinc-aluminum alloy (Zn) having a property that does not cause work hardening and strain deterioration. -Al alloy) (Invention described in claim 2). As for the support portions 30 at both ends, the cross-sectional area and rigidity necessary for concentrating the deformation on the arc-shaped deformation portion 31 need only be ensured, and are necessarily made of the same superplastic alloy as the deformation portion 31. Is not required. The support portion 30 may have a structure covered with a steel pipe or the like, and the function is not impaired at all even if the support portion 30 is attached to the mounting bracket 4 via them.

次に、上記構成の制震ダンパー３の両端の支持部３０を木造住宅の柱１及び梁２の仕口部に取り付ける取付金具４は、上述した加力点に地震力が伝達されるように支持すれば足りる。よって、図２に示す実施例は、制震ダンパー３の両端の支持部３０の両面へ組み付ける半割形状の一対の金具材４０、４０で構成されている。金具材４０は、制震ダンパー３の両端の支持部３０を木造住宅の柱１及び梁２の仕口部へほぼ４５°方向に取り付け固定することに適していれば良く、制震ダンパー３に生じる荷重を受け止めるのに十分な強度を有していれば、形状は特に限定されない。金具材４０のウエブ４１には、制震ダンパー３の両端の支持部３０の上述した加力点の位置に設けたピン孔３２と共通に鋼製のピン５を通して連結するピン孔４２が設けられている。また、底辺のフランジ部４３には当該金具材４０を木造住宅の柱１及び梁２の仕口部へ木ネジ等で取付け固定するための通孔４４が複数個設けられている。 Next, mounting bracket 4 Keru Installing the Joint portion of the column 1 and beam 2 of the supporting portion 30 wooden houses across the Seismic Damper 3 of the above configuration, so that the seismic force is transmitted to the above-described pressurizing force point It is enough to support it. Therefore, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is composed of a pair of half-shaped metal fittings 40, 40 assembled to both surfaces of the support portions 30 at both ends of the vibration damping damper 3. The metal fittings 40 need only be suitable for attaching and fixing the support portions 30 at both ends of the vibration control damper 3 to the joints of the pillar 1 and the beam 2 of the wooden house in a direction of approximately 45 °. The shape is not particularly limited as long as it has sufficient strength to receive the generated load. The web 41 of the metal fitting 40 is provided with a pin hole 42 that is connected through the steel pin 5 in common with the pin hole 32 provided at the position of the above-described force point of the support portion 30 at both ends of the vibration damper 3. Yes. Further, the flange portion 43 of the base that have holes 44 for attaching and fixing the bracket member 40 to the Joint portion of the column 1 and beams 2 wooden houses with wood screws or the like is provided with a plurality.

上記構成の制震ダンパー３は、要するにその両端の支持部３０の両面に取付金具４を構成する一対の金具材４０、４０のウエブ４１を沿わせ、ピン５を差して連結した上で、各金具材４０のフランジ部４３を木ネジ等で木造住宅の柱１及び梁２の仕口部へ取付固定して使用される。
しかるときは、制震ダンパー３の円弧状の変形部３１は、その全体が地震時の弾塑性変形を集中的に誘導し、その端部から中央部にかけて一様な変形をして大きなエネルギ吸収性能を発揮して制震効果を奏する。そして、大変形を許容するにもかかわらず、座屈補剛部材等は必要なく、構成が非常に単純、簡素である。しかも超塑性合金製の変形部３１は、変形性能に優れて、ひずみの自己回復性（ひずみ履歴による機械的性質の劣化が極めて少ない性質）により、複数回の塑性履歴歪みを受けても機械的性質の劣化、即ち、加工硬化やひずみ劣化を起こさず、安定であるから、継続使用の性能把握が容易であり、点検・交換の必要がなく、耐用年数の間はメンテナンスフリーを実現可能である。勿論、外気温程度の変動によっては性能を左右されない。
超塑性合金性の制震ダンパー３は、機械加工の方法で製作することができるが、素材の特徴を生かした温間鍛造超塑性ニアネット成形加工法（例えば特開２００３−１２９２０４号公報記載の発明を参照）による製作が最も効率的である。超塑性合金の巨大な変形性能を利用したプレス成形法により安価に大量生産することも可能である。この場合も、成形加工による機械的性質の劣化は生じない。
なお、取付金具４は、上述したピン連結に限らず、木造住宅の柱１及び梁２の仕口部へ制震ダンパー３をいわゆる剛接合の構造で取り付ける構成であっても良い。 The seismic damper 3 having the above-described configuration is basically formed by placing the web 41 of the pair of metal fittings 40 and 40 constituting the attachment metal fitting 4 on both surfaces of the support portions 30 at both ends thereof and connecting the pins 5 to each other. The flange part 43 of the metal fitting 40 is attached and fixed to the joints of the pillar 1 and the beam 2 of the wooden house with wood screws or the like.
When appropriate, the arc-shaped deformed portion 31 of the damping damper 3 as a whole induces elasto-plastic deformation at the time of the earthquake in a concentrated manner, and uniformly deforms from the end portion to the center portion to absorb a large amount of energy. Demonstrates performance and exhibits seismic control effect. And although large deformation | transformation is accept | permitted, a buckling stiffening member etc. are unnecessary and a structure is very simple and simple. In addition, the deformable portion 31 made of a superplastic alloy has excellent deformation performance and is self-healing of strain (a property in which mechanical properties are hardly deteriorated due to strain history), so that it is mechanical even when subjected to multiple plastic history strains. Degradation of properties, that is, work hardening and distortion degradation are stable and stable, so it is easy to grasp the performance of continuous use, there is no need for inspection and replacement, and maintenance-free can be realized during the service life . Of course, performance is not affected by fluctuations in the outside air temperature.
Although the superplastic alloy-based damping damper 3 can be manufactured by a machining method, a warm-forging superplastic near-net forming method (for example, described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-129204) utilizing the characteristics of the material. (See invention) is most efficient. It is also possible to mass-produce at a low cost by a press forming method utilizing the huge deformation performance of superplastic alloys. In this case, the mechanical properties are not deteriorated by the molding process.
Note that the mounting bracket 4 is not limited to the above-described pin connection, and may be configured to attach the damping damper 3 to the joints of the pillar 1 and the beam 2 of the wooden house with a so-called rigid joint structure.

本発明に係る木造住宅用制震ダンパーの使用状態を示した立面図である。It is the elevation which showed the use condition of the damping damper for wooden houses which concerns on this invention. 前記制震ダンパーの構成を分解して示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which decomposed | disassembled and showed the structure of the said damping damper. Ａ、Ｂは制震ダンパーの平面図と正面図である。A and B are a plan view and a front view of the damping damper.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 柱
２ 梁
３ 制震ダンパー
３１ 変形部
３０ 支持部
４ 取付金具
３２ ピン孔（加力部）
４２ ピン孔
５ ピン 1 pillar 2 beam 3 damping damper 31 deformation part 30 support part 4 mounting bracket 32 pin hole (forced part)
42 pin hole 5 pin

Claims (2)

木造住宅の柱と梁の仕口部にほぼ４５°方向に配置して取り付けられる超塑性合金製の制震ダンパーであって、
柱・梁フレームの面内方向に円弧形状に湾曲された細幅の変形部と、及びその両端の非変形とするために充分な大きさの幅寸に拡幅された支持部とから成り、少なくとも前記変形部を超塑性合金により製作された制震ダンパーと、
前記制震ダンパーの両端の前記支持部を木造住宅の柱・梁仕口部へ取り付ける取付金具との組み合わせで構成され、
前記制震ダンパーは、変形部の円弧形状を柱・梁フレームの面内方向とし、且つ両端の支持部の加力点の位置を結んだ直線から離れた変形部の円弧外縁を柱・梁仕口の隅部へ向け、両端の支持部は、同支持部の加力点に設けたピン孔へ通したピンを取付金具へも共通に通してピン接合とし、該取付金具を介して木造住宅の柱・梁仕口部へ設置され、
制震ダンパーの前記変形部は、木造住宅の柱・梁仕口部に作用する水平力が、両端の支持部へピン接合部を介して作用することにより生ずる軸力と曲げモーメントに対して、その端部から中央部にかけて一様な変形をするように、同変形部の端部から中央部にかけて断面積及び断面係数が漸次大きくなり、最大変形時にも円弧形状を維持するように形成されていることを特徴とする、超塑性合金による木造住宅用制震ダンパー。 A damping damper made of a superplastic alloy that is attached to a column and beam joint of a wooden house with a 45 ° orientation.
Consists of a deformable portion of the narrow which is curved in a circular arc shape in the plane direction of the columns and beams frame, and a support portion which is widened to a width dimension large enough to be a non-deformed at both ends thereof, A vibration damper made of at least the deformed portion with a superplastic alloy;
It said the support portions at both ends of the seismic damper is composed of a combination of the Keru mounting bracket Installing to the columns and beams Joint part of the wooden houses,
The damping damper has an arc shape of the deformed portion in the in-plane direction of the column / beam frame, and the arc outer edge of the deformed portion away from the straight line connecting the positions of the applied points of the support portions at both ends is the column / beam joint. The support parts at both ends are connected to the mounting bracket by connecting the pins that are passed through the pin holes provided at the application point of the support section to the mounting bracket, and the pillars of the wooden house are connected via the mounting bracket.・ Installed at the beam joint,
The deformation part of the damping damper is against the axial force and bending moment generated by the horizontal force acting on the pillar / beam joint of the wooden house acting on the support parts at both ends via the pin joints. In order to make uniform deformation from the end to the center, the cross-sectional area and section modulus gradually increase from the end to the center of the deformation, and the arc shape is maintained even at the maximum deformation. A damping damper for wooden houses made of superplastic alloy. 超塑性合金は、亜鉛・アルミニウム合金（Ｚｎ−Ａｌ合金）であることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載した超塑性合金による木造住宅用制震ダンパー。   The damping plastic damper for a wooden house using the superplastic alloy according to claim 1, wherein the superplastic alloy is a zinc-aluminum alloy (Zn-Al alloy).
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