JP4356086B2 - Ftirを使用しての生物学的物質についての迅速試験 - Google Patents
Ftirを使用しての生物学的物質についての迅速試験 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4356086B2 JP4356086B2 JP2002557987A JP2002557987A JP4356086B2 JP 4356086 B2 JP4356086 B2 JP 4356086B2 JP 2002557987 A JP2002557987 A JP 2002557987A JP 2002557987 A JP2002557987 A JP 2002557987A JP 4356086 B2 JP4356086 B2 JP 4356086B2
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Description
(a)該生物学的流体のいくつかの天然サンプルを提供する工程[各サンプルにおける該生物学的流体のコンディションは既知である];
(b)工程(a)の天然サンプルのIR(赤外)スペクトルを記録する工程;
(c)工程(b)のIRスペクトルをマルチパラメータ分析手順(multiparameter analytical procedure)に供し、そして既知コンディションへの該サンプルの信頼性のある帰属を確実にする分類または帰属パラメータ(classification or assignment parameters)を選択する工程;
(d)工程(c)において得られた分類パラメータを保存する工程;
(e)そのコンディションが未知である生物学的流体の天然サンプルを提供する工程;
(f)工程(e)の天然サンプルの少なくとも1つのIRスペクトルを記録する工程;
(g)工程(f)のIRスペクトルをマルチパラメータ分析(multiparameter analysis)へ供する工程、および
(h)該未知サンプルのIRスペクトルのコンディションパラメータを、工程(d)において保存された該既知サンプルのIRスペクトルのコンディションパラメータと比較する工程、
[ここで、工程(b)および(f)におけるIRスペクトルは、30μm以下の路長(path length)を有する測定セルの助けを借りて記録される]
を包含する。
このようなセルは、市販されており、以下の特徴を有する:
− 高圧耐性(例えば、10〜100bar)。これは、フロースルーセル(特に、1〜15μmの範囲の路長(path length)を有するもの)の充填の間の高フロー耐性(high flow resistance)の場合に有利である;
− 少量の充填容積(0.05〜3μL);従って、極めて非常に少量のサンプル量が好適である;
− 自動化高スループットが可能である;セルの充填およびリンスが、非常に迅速に達成され得る;
− 迅速な圧力緩和(pressure relaxation)(<10ms);高サンプルスループットのために必要とされる;
− このようなセルは、変動する圧力条件にもかかわらず、サンプル分析の間、一定の路長(path length)を保持する。偏差は、IR分析の検出限界未満のままであり、従って、干渉シグナルを生成しない。従って、本発明の方法の再現性は、非常に改善される;
− 微細構造化電極(microstructured electodes)との一体化が可能である。
− 体液中に酸化還元活性成分を有するサンプルについての複雑性縮小(complexity reduction)が、達成され得る。全スペクトルおよび詳細な(高分解能)電気化学誘導差異スペクトルに基づくデータ分析は、新たな(更なる)スペクトル情報を提供することを可能にする。
− 微細構造化電極とセルとの一体化によって、スキャン可能な電位インターバル(scannable potential intervals)が、電位インターバルに特異的なスペクトル変化のために評価され得る。
− 特定の疾患について最適化された最大の疾患−特異的スペクトル変化を伴う電位範囲を評価することが可能である。
このような測定セルは、先行技術から公知であり、そして以下の特性を有する:
− セルは使用後に破棄されるので(単回使用セル)、洗浄が必要でない;
− 一定の路長(path length);
− 必要とされるサンプル容積が少量である(<1μL、例えば50〜200nL);
− 迅速な圧力緩和および高圧力耐性は、以下のために必要とされない:
− 単回使用の使い捨てセルまたはアレイが使用される(時間を要するリンスおよび洗浄が必要でない;病原性生体材料(例えば、セーフティクラスS2と帰属されたサンプル)を用いての作業の場合、取り扱いが容易である;
− 充填が、毛細管力(capillary force)によって生じる;
− “ポイント−オブ−ケア(point-of-care)”使用に好適である。
このタイプの測定セルは、DE 197 39 126に記載され、そして以下の特性を有する:
− 少量のサンプル容積(<5μL);
− 迅速な緩和および高圧力耐性は、以下のために必要とされない:
− セルが単回使用の使い捨てタイプである;
− 充填が、毛細管力によって生じる;
− 微細構造化電極との一体化が可能である。
− 水は、生体分子の空間構造(spatial structure)の安定化において必須の役割を果たす。天然状態において、可溶性生体分子は、コンフォーメーション安定化様式で、イオン性または極性官能基と相互作用する水和シェル(hydrate shell)によって囲まれている。該分子構造の内部においても、水は、安定化および形状化(shaping)様式で、生体分子の空間構造に対して水素結合によって作用する。乾燥バイオフィルムの形態での脱水は、この場合、隣接する分子との分子間相互作用によって重要な(critical)構造修飾を生じさせ得る。
− 乾燥処理のため、バイオフィルムは、不均質な組成を有する。これは、分析再現性の低下を引き起こす。
− 良好な再現性および低い分類(“帰属”)エラー率のために、較正データ記録と一致して、以下のパラメータが、バイオフィルムの調製において最適化されなければならない:
− 乾燥持続時間
− 乾燥勾配(drying gradient)
− 乾燥温度
− 適用されるコーティング量
− 適用されるコーティングの厚み
− 担体材料(湿潤(wetting))
− フィルム表面(例えば、湾曲(curvature)、荒さ(roughness)など)(透過/反射/スキャタリング関係について重要)
− コーティング方法(例えば、適用間で、単一の厚いコーティング適用と乾燥段階を伴ういくつかの薄い適用との間での差異が存在する)。そうでなければ、劣った再現性および高い分類エラー率が生じるだろう。
− サンプルは、手動で(半自動化システム)またはマイクロタイタープレート(1)から(完全な自動化システム)供給され得る。
実施例
ヘモグロビンの電気化学誘導差異分析
正常なヒトヘモグロビン(HbA)および鎌状赤血球貧血ヘモグロビン(HbS)の溶液を調製した。その電気化学誘導スペクトルを、短路セル(short-path cell)においてFTIR分光計の手段によって記録した。差異スペクトルを図2に示す。2つのスペクトルは、特定の吸収範囲において良好な一致(agreement)を示す。しかし、他の範囲において、鎌状赤血球貧血ヘモグロビンについて特徴的な明確な差異が認識可能である。従って、本発明の方法は、例えば臨床分野における診断目的について、迅速かつ普遍的な有用な検出方法を提供する。何故ならば、電気化学誘導差異分析は、生物学的流体において全ての酸化還元−活性物質に適用可能であるからである。
全吸収スペクトルを、短路フロースルーセル(short-path flow-through cell) (路長(path length)6μm)の手段によって記録した(図3)。
広範なヒトデータバンクから、多発性硬化症に罹患する患者由来の髄液および血清のサンプルを、上述の方法によって分析した。凍結保存していたサンプル−新鮮なサンプルもまた使用され得る−を、短路セル(short-path cell)を備える装置中に、解凍、流体状態で分析に供した。最も単純な場合、これらのサンプルは、直接使用され得る。最適化は、サンプルの好適な前処理によって達成され得る。ケモメトリック(chemometric)方法による引き続いてのデータ評価のために、記録された吸収スペクトルは直接使用され得、またはその二次導関数が使用され得る。700cm-1までおよび3000cm-1まで記録されたスペクトルのスペクトル範囲を拡大することは、これが情報量を増加させるので、スペクトル評価のために有用であるかもしれない。
Claims (24)
- 生物学的流体の状態を決定するための方法であって、以下
(a)様々な状態の該生物学的流体のいくつかの天然サンプル、各サンプルにおける該生物学的流体の状態は既知である、および輸送媒体として一定の参照サンプル供給を提供する工程;
(b)工程(a)の天然サンプルおよび参照サンプルのIRスペクトルを測定する工程;
(c)工程(b)のIRスペクトルをマルチパラメータ分析手順に供し、そしてそれらの特定の既知の状態への該サンプルの信頼性のある帰属を確実にする帰属パラメータを選択する工程;
(d)工程(c)において得られた帰属パラメータを保存する工程;
(e)その状態が未知である生物学的流体の未知の天然サンプルを提供する工程;
(f)工程(e)の天然サンプルおよび参照サンプルの少なくとも1つのIRスペクトルを測定する工程;
(g)工程(f)のIRスペクトルをマルチパラメータ分析へ供する工程、および
(h)該未知サンプルのIRスペクトルの帰属パラメータを、工程(d)において保存された該既知サンプルのIRスペクトルの帰属パラメータと比較する工程、
ここで、工程(b)および(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定は、30μm以下の路長(path length)を有しそして該スペクトルの記録の間に1nm未満の光路長偏差(path length deviation)を示す測定セルの助けを借りて行われる、
を包含する、方法。 - 生物学的流体の状態のコレクションを作製するための方法であって、以下
(a)様々な状態の生物学的流体のいくつかの天然サンプル、生物学的流体の各サンプルの状態は既知である、および輸送媒体として一定の参照サンプル供給を提供する工程;
(b)工程(a)の天然サンプルおよび参照サンプルのIRスペクトルを測定する工程;
(c)工程(b)のIRスペクトルをマルチパラメータ分析手順に供し、そしてそれらの特定の既知の状態への該サンプルの信頼性のある帰属を確実にする帰属パラメータを選択する工程、および
(d)工程(c)において得られた帰属パラメータを保存する工程、
ここで、工程(b)におけるIRスペクトルの測定は、30μm以下の路長(path length)を有しそして該スペクトルの記録の間に1nm未満の光路長偏差(path length deviation)を示す測定セルの助けを借りて行われる、
を包含する、方法。 - 生物学的流体の状態を決定するための方法であって、以下
(e)その状態が未知である生物学的流体の天然サンプル、および輸送媒体として一定の参照サンプル供給を提供する工程;
(f)該生物学的流体の天然サンプルおよび参照サンプルのIRスペクトルを測定する工程;
(g)工程(f)のIRスペクトルをマルチパラメータ分析へ供する工程、および
(h)該未知サンプルのIRスペクトルの帰属パラメータを、既知サンプルのIRスペクトルの帰属パラメータと比較する工程、
ここで、工程(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定は、30μm以下の路長(path length)を有しそして該スペクトルの記録の間に1nm未満の光路長偏差(path length deviation)を示す測定セルの助けを借りて行われる、
を包含する、方法。 - 工程(a)および/または工程(e)における天然サンプルの提供が、前記生物学的流体の均質化および/または前記生物学的流体の粒状成分の除去を包含する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(a)における天然サンプルの提供が、前記生物学的流体の均質化および/または前記生物学的流体の粒状成分の除去を包含する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 工程(e)における天然サンプルの提供が、前記生物学的流体の均質化および/または前記生物学的流体の粒状成分の除去を包含する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)および/または工程(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が400〜7000cm−1の波数で行われる、請求項1又は4に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が400〜7000cm −1 の波数で行われる、請求項2又は5に記載の方法。
- 工程(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が400〜7000cm −1 の波数で行われる、請求項3又は6に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)および/または工程(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が、FTIR分光計および/またはFTIR顕微鏡の助けを借りて行われる、請求項1又は4に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が、FTIR分光計および/またはFTIR顕微鏡の助けを借りて行われる、請求項2又は5に記載の方法。
- 工程(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が、FTIR分光計および/またはFTIR顕微鏡の助けを借りて行われる、請求項3又は6に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)および/または工程(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が、3〜12μmの路長(path length)を有する測定セルの助けを借りて行われる、請求項1又は4に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が、3〜12μmの路長(path length)を有する測定セルの助けを借りて行われる、請求項2又は5に記載の方法。
- 工程(f)におけるIRスペクトルの測定が、3〜12μmの路長(path length)を有する測定セルの助けを借りて行われる、請求項3又は6に記載の方法。
- 前記マルチパラメータ分析手順が、判別(discriminatory)分析、ニューロナルネットワーク(neuronal network)またはクラスター分析である、請求項1〜15のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記測定セルが、前記サンプル中の生体分子の還元および/または酸化のための、一体化された電極を含む、請求項1〜16のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記生物学的流体が生物の体液である、請求項1〜17のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記生物学的流体が、血液、血漿、血清、溶血血液、髄液、尿、唾液、精液、リンパ液、滑液、羊水、涙液、嚢胞液(cyst fluid)、汗腺分泌液および胆汁からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜18のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記生物が、ボス タウルス(Bos taurus)、ガルス ガルス(Gallus gallus)、マレアグリス ガロパボ(Maleagris gallopavo)、ムス ムスクルス(Mus musculus)、オビス アモン(Ovis ammon)、ラタス ノルウェギクス(Rattus norwegicus)、サス スクロファ(Sus scrofa)およびホモ サピエンス(Homo sapiens)からなる群から選択される、請求項18または19に記載の方法。
- 前記未知状態のサンプルが、病理学的もしくは非病理学的状態および/またはある段階もしくは程度の病理学的状態に帰属される、請求項18〜20のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記病理学的状態が、糖尿病、関節炎、増加したコレステロールレベル、貧血、組織破壊、癌、肝疾患、腎臓病、心筋梗塞、AIDS、アレルギー、じんま疹、アレルギー性ぜん息、自己免疫疾患、神経変性疾患およびTSEからなる群から選択される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記病理学的状態が、畜産において使用される食品および/または食品添加物によって引き起こされる、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記未知状態のサンプルが、特定の細胞タイプ、特定の細菌株または特定のウイルス株の存在に帰属される、請求項1〜23のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
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JP6835347B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-24 | 2021-02-24 | 学校法人東京理科大学 | 代謝産物分析方法及び代謝産物分析装置 |
BR112020023607A2 (pt) | 2018-05-23 | 2021-02-17 | Abs Global, Inc. | sistemas e métodos para focalização de partículas em microcanais |
US11280732B2 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2022-03-22 | Georgia State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Detection of melanoma and lymphoma by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy |
EP3955735A4 (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2023-01-25 | ABS Global, Inc. | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY ADDING CRYOPROTECTOR |
US11628439B2 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2023-04-18 | Abs Global, Inc. | Single-sheath microfluidic chip |
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DK88893D0 (da) * | 1993-07-30 | 1993-07-30 | Radiometer As | A method and an apparatus for determining the content of a constituent of blood of an individual |
DE4331596A1 (de) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-23 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur quantitativen Analyse von Probenflüssigkeiten |
EP0644412A3 (de) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-08-09 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Verfahren zur Analyse klinisch relevanter Flüssigkeiten und Suspensionen. |
US5772606A (en) * | 1994-03-04 | 1998-06-30 | Kyoto Dai-Ichi Kagaku Co., Ltd. | Method of and apparatus for measuring uric components |
US5473160A (en) * | 1994-08-10 | 1995-12-05 | National Research Council Of Canada | Method for diagnosing arthritic disorders by infrared spectroscopy |
DE19739126C1 (de) * | 1997-09-06 | 1999-04-29 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Dünnschichtzelle |
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CA2435572C (en) | 2012-01-10 |
ATE360809T1 (de) | 2007-05-15 |
WO2002057753A2 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
DE50210025D1 (de) | 2007-06-06 |
AU2002234621A1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
WO2002057753A3 (de) | 2003-05-01 |
EP1354189B1 (de) | 2007-04-25 |
CA2435572A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
US7524681B2 (en) | 2009-04-28 |
EP1354189A2 (de) | 2003-10-22 |
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