JP4350155B2 - Elevated cultivation apparatus and elevated cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is an elevated cultivation apparatus used for tall cultivation in which plants such as soft vegetables (for example, spinach) or fruit vegetables (for example, strawberries, melons, blueberries, tomatoes, etc.) are cultivated at high locations away from the ground, and The present invention relates to a high cultivation method (a method of high cultivation).

  Conventionally, in the field of cultivating soft vegetables or fruit vegetables, high-altitude cultivation in which plants are cultivated at high altitudes away from the ground has been widely performed for reasons such as significantly reducing the burden of cultivation work. .

  On the other hand, in elevated cultivation, the medium is easily affected by solar heat (sunlight) and outside temperature, and in the high temperature period (especially in summer), the medium temperature (medium temperature) rises above the outside temperature. The plant root growth environment was worsened. In order to improve such a situation, an elevated cultivation apparatus as shown in Patent Document 1 has been developed. The configuration of the elevated cultivation apparatus according to the prior art will be briefly described as follows.

  That is, the high-arrangement cultivation apparatus according to the prior art includes a cultivation rack as a base, and a cultivation bed is disposed on the cultivation rack. Moreover, the cultivation bed is equipped with the culture medium sheet laid in the concave shape on the upper part of the cultivation stand, and the culture medium with which the recessed part of the culture medium sheet was filled.

  On one side of the cultivation bed in the upper part of the cultivation stand, a water jar for containing water is provided. And under the culture medium sheet is provided so as to wrap a water-absorbing sheet capable of absorbing moisture, and this water-absorbing sheet is made of nonwoven fabric, and one edge of the water-absorbing sheet is inside the water-absorbing bowl. Soaked in water.

  Therefore, when the water absorbed in the water absorbing sheet from the water absorbent evaporates, the plant can be cultivated at a high place while the culture medium is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization. Thereby, the temperature of the culture medium in a high temperature period can be lowered | hung and the deterioration of the plant root growth environment can be suppressed.

In addition, as prior art related to the present invention, there is one shown in Patent Document 2 in addition to that shown in Patent Document 1.
JP 2000-262161 A JP 2006-271314 A

  However, in the upright cultivation apparatus according to the prior art, since the water absorbing sheet is disposed so as to be wrapped under the medium sheet, the lower part of the medium is sufficiently cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of moisture in the water absorbing sheet. Although it is possible, the upper part and the middle part of the medium in which many plant roots are present cannot be sufficiently cooled. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to improve the growth environment of plant roots by lowering the temperature of the upper and middle parts of the medium in the high temperature period.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the high cultivation method apparatus and high cultivation method of a novel structure which can solve the above-mentioned problem.

A first feature of the present invention (a feature of the invention described in claim 1) is an elevated cultivation apparatus used for elevated cultivation in which a plant is cultivated at a high place away from the ground, and is disposed on an upper part of a cultivation rack. A culture sheet provided in a concave shape on the upper part of the cultivation stand, and a culture bed provided with a culture medium filled in the concave part of the culture sheet, and provided on the back surface so as to cover the culture medium on the upper side of the cultivation bed. receiving groove is formed, the insulating panel having a plurality of planting holes for planting seedlings of the plants is formed, is provided between the medium and the insulation panel, it is received in the receiving groove of the insulating panel A drip tube that is adjacent to the plurality of planting holes and supplies a drip solution to the medium, and a cooling medium that is embedded in a region immediately below the drip tube in the middle of the medium and that allows the coolant to flow A tube, And summarized in that it was.

  The irrigation solution includes a nutrient solution.

According to the first feature, in a state where the culture medium is covered with the heat insulating panel , the irrigation liquid is supplied to the culture medium by the drip tube and the cooling liquid is circulated through the cooling tube. Thereby, the said plant can be grown in the said high place, cooling the said culture medium.

Here, since the cooling tube is embedded in a region immediately below the drip tube in the middle part of the culture medium, the upper part of the culture medium contains a large amount of moisture with high heat conductivity and the roots of the plant concentrate. The periphery of the drip tube in the intermediate portion can be sufficiently cooled. In addition, since the heat insulation panel is provided so as to cover the culture medium on the cultivation bed, and the drip tube is provided between the heat insulation panel and the culture medium, while the solar heat is shielded by the heat insulation panel , The heat retention of the irrigation liquid in the culture medium and the drip tube can be enhanced.

The second feature of the present invention (the feature of the invention described in claim 2 ) is that, in addition to the first feature, the upper portion of each fixed planting hole of the heat insulation panel has an inverted cone shape. The gist.

A third feature of the present invention (a feature of the invention described in claim 3 ) is that the planting hole for planting seedlings of the plant in an elevated cultivation method for cultivating the plant at a high place away from the ground. There used formed insulation panels, among all of the planting hole, the planting hole is not used in planting keep blocking the cap and, while covering the medium cultivation bed through the insulating panel, the insulation panels The irrigation liquid is supplied to the medium by an infusion tube disposed between the medium and the medium and adjacent to the plurality of planting holes, and embedded in a region immediately below the infusion tube in the middle of the medium. The gist is to cultivate the plant at the high place while cooling the medium by circulating a coolant through the cooling tube.

According to a third feature, since the cooling tube is embedded in a region immediately below the drip tube in the middle part of the medium, the plant contains a high amount of water with high heat conductivity and the roots of the plant concentrate. The periphery of the drip tube in the upper part and middle part of the medium can be sufficiently cooled. In addition, since the heat insulation panel is provided so as to cover the culture medium on the cultivation bed, and the drip tube is provided between the heat insulation panel and the culture medium, while the solar heat is shielded by the heat insulation panel , The heat retention of the irrigation liquid in the culture medium and the drip tube can be enhanced.

According to the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the periphery of the drip tube in the upper part and the middle part of the culture medium can be sufficiently cooled, and by the heat insulation panel Since the heat retention of the irrigation liquid in the culture medium and the drip tube can be increased while shielding solar heat, the temperature of the upper and middle parts of the culture medium in the high temperature period can be lowered, and the root of the plant can be reduced. The growth environment can be improved.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  Here, FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of an elevated cultivation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a heat insulation panel, and FIG. 3A is a state in which an infusion tube is stored in a storage groove. 3B is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 3A, FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of the heat insulation panel in a state where the drip tube is housed in the housing groove, and FIG. 4 (b) is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 4 (a), and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a fixed planting hole not used for fixed planting is closed with a cap. In the drawings, “L” indicates the left direction, “R” indicates the right direction, “FF” indicates the front direction, and “FR” indicates the rear direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the elevated cultivation apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is used for elevated cultivation in which a soft vegetable such as spinach (an example of a plant) V is cultivated at a high place away from the ground G. It is an apparatus used, Comprising: The specific structure of the tall cultivation apparatus 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is as follows.

  That is, the elevated cultivation apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the cultivation rack 3 extending in the front-rear direction as a base. Moreover, the cultivation stand 3 is provided with a plurality of support columns 5 erected on the ground G, and a plurality of connection rods 7 (only one is shown) provided to be connected to the plurality of support columns 5 and extending in the left-right direction or the front-rear direction. A pair of left and right columns 5 (only one shown) and a plurality of (only one shown) right columns 5 extending in the front-rear direction and a plurality of appropriate connecting rods 7 is provided with a plurality of bed support bars 11 which are respectively installed on the base plate 7 and extend in the front-rear direction.

  A cultivation bed 13 extending in the front-rear direction (in other words, the length direction of the cultivation rack 3) is disposed on the upper part of the cultivation rack 3, and the cultivation bed 13 is moved downward by a plurality of bed support bars 11. It is supported from. Further, the cultivation bed 13 includes a pair of sheet holding rods 9 (upper part of the cultivation rack 3) and a permeable medium sheet 15 provided in a concave shape, and a medium 17 filled in the depression of the medium sheet 15 (implementation of the present invention). In the form, the thickness is about 20 cm). Here, the culture medium 17 is obtained by adding a surfactant to a mixture of peat moss, vermiculai, and parlay.

On the upper side of the cultivation bed 13, a plurality of heat-insulating panels 19 made of polystyrene foam (in the embodiment of the present invention, about 120 cm wide × about 60 cm long × about 20 mm thick) are provided so as to cover the culture medium 17. The plurality of heat insulation panels 19 are sandwiched between a pair of sheet holding bars 9. Each heat insulation panel 19 has a plurality of planting holes for planting soft vegetable V seedlings in the left-right direction (in other words, the width direction of the cultivation bed 13) and the front-rear direction (in other words, the cultivation bed 13). The upper part of each fixed planting hole 21 of each heat insulation panel 19 has an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape (an example of an inverted cone shape). Furthermore, a plurality of storage grooves 23 extending in the front-rear direction are formed on the back surface of each heat insulation panel 19 at equal intervals in the left-right direction (about 20 cm in the embodiment of the present invention). A pair of protrusions 25 are formed on both edges of each storage groove 23 of the panel 19. Further, an engagement piece 27 extending in the left-right direction is formed at the front end of each heat insulation panel 19, and the engagement piece 27 of the adjacent heat insulation panel 19 is engaged at the rear end of each heat insulation panel 19. Engaging recesses 29 that extend in the left-right direction are formed.

Between the plurality of heat insulation panels 19 and the culture medium 17, a plurality of infusion tubes 31 for intermittently instilling the nutrient solution to the culture medium 17 are provided at equal intervals in the left-right direction. Extends in the direction. Each drip tube 31 is housed in a corresponding storage groove 23 in the plurality of heat insulation panels 19 and is locked to a corresponding pair of protrusions 25 in the plurality of heat insulation panels 19. Furthermore, each drip tube 31 has a plurality of drip holes (not shown) formed at equal intervals (about 10 cm in the embodiment of the present invention). Each is connected to a nutrient solution supply source (not shown). Here, in embodiment of this invention, what mixed fertilizer into the water of 5-18 degreeC cooled with the well water or the chiller is used as a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution by the several infusion tube 31 is used. Infusion supply is performed only several times during the day.

  A cooling tube 33 capable of circulating a coolant is embedded in a region immediately below each drip tube 31 in the middle portion of the culture medium 17, and each cooling tube 33 extends in the front-rear direction. The plurality of cooling tubes 33 are connected to a common coolant circulation supply source (not shown). Here, in the embodiment of the present invention, the coolant uses 5-18 ° C. water cooled by well water or a chiller, and the circulation of the coolant through the plurality of cooling tubes 33 is performed during the daytime.・ It is always performed at night.

  Then, the effect | action and effect of embodiment of this invention are demonstrated in conjunction with the tall cultivation method (method of tall cultivation) which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Of all the planting holes 21, the planting holes 21 that are not used for planting are closed with a cap 35 (see FIG. 5). Then, in a state where the culture medium 17 is covered by the plurality of heat insulating panels 19, the irrigation liquid is intermittently supplied to the culture medium 17 by the plurality of drip tubes 31 and the cooling liquid is circulated through the plurality of cooling tubes 33. Thereby, the soft vegetable V can be cultivated at a high place while the culture medium 17 is cooled.

  Here, since each cooling tube 33 is embedded in the region immediately below the drip tube 31 in the middle part of the medium 17, the medium 17 contains a large amount of moisture with high heat conductivity and the roots of the soft vegetables V concentrate. The periphery of the plurality of drip tubes 31 in the upper part and the intermediate part can be sufficiently cooled. Moreover, since the some heat insulation panel 19 is provided so that the culture medium 17 may be covered on the cultivation bed 13, and the some drip tube 31 is provided between the some heat insulation panel 19 and the culture medium 17, the some heat insulation panel 19 is provided. Thus, it is possible to improve the heat retaining properties of the irrigation liquid in the culture medium 17 and the plurality of drip tubes 31 while shielding solar heat. In particular, since the plurality of drip tubes 31 are housed in the corresponding storage grooves 23 of the plurality of heat insulation panels 19, the plurality of heat insulation panels 19 are brought into close contact with the medium 17, and the nutrients in the medium 17 and the plurality of drip tubes 31 are obtained. The heat retention of the liquid can be further increased.

  In addition, since the upper part of each fixed planting hole 21 of each heat insulation panel 19 is exhibiting an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape, the nutrient solution for promoting survival by irrigation after planting the soft vegetable V seedlings (an example of an irrigation solution for promoting planting) ) Easily flows into the fixed planting holes 21 of the heat insulating panels 19.

  Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the periphery of the plurality of drip tubes 31 in the upper part and the middle part of the culture medium 17 can be sufficiently cooled, and while the solar heat is shielded by the heat insulating panel 19, the culture medium 17 and Since the heat retention of the nutrient solution in the plurality of drip tubes 31 can be further increased, the temperature of the upper part and the middle part of the medium 17 in the high temperature period can be lowered to improve the growth environment of the roots of the soft vegetables V. it can.

In addition, this invention is not restricted to description of the above-mentioned embodiment, Instead of using the tall cultivation apparatus 1 for the tall cultivation of the soft vegetable V, the raising of fruit vegetables, such as a strawberry, a melon, a blueberry, a tomato, is raised. equal to Ru used for cultivation and can be carried out in various ways. Further, the scope of rights encompassed by the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

It is a front sectional view of the tall cultivation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of a heat insulation panel. Fig.3 (a) is a front view of the heat insulation panel in the state which accommodated the drip tube in the accommodation groove, FIG.3 (b) is the figure which expanded a part of Fig.3 (a). Fig.4 (a) is sectional drawing of the heat insulation panel in the state which accommodated the drip tube in the accommodation groove, FIG.4 (b) is the figure which expanded a part of Fig.4 (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the state which closed the fixed planting hole which is not used for fixed planting with the cap.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elevating cultivation apparatus 3 Cultivation stand 13 Cultivation bed 15 Medium sheet 17 Medium 19 Heat insulation panel 21 Planting hole 23 Storage groove 31 Drip tube 33 Cooling tube 35 Cap

Claims (3)

In the upland cultivation device used for the upland cultivation that cultivates the plant at a high place away from the ground,
A culture sheet disposed on the top of the cultivation rack, and a medium sheet installed in a concave shape on the upper part of the cultivation rack, and a cultivation bed provided with a medium filled in the concave portion of the culture medium sheet;
An insulating panel provided on the upper side of the cultivation bed so as to cover the medium , a storage groove formed on the back surface, and a plurality of planting holes for planting the plant seedlings, and
An infusion tube which is provided between the heat insulation panel and the medium, is accommodated in the accommodation groove of the heat insulation panel, is adjacent to the plurality of planting holes, and supplies the medium with an infusion solution;
An elevated cultivation apparatus comprising: a cooling tube embedded in a region immediately below the drip tube in an intermediate portion of the culture medium and capable of circulating a coolant. The upright cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein an upper portion of each fixed planting hole of the heat insulating panel has an inverted cone shape. In the upland cultivation method of cultivating plants at a high place away from the ground,
Using a heat insulating panel in which a plurality of planting holes for planting the plant seedlings is formed , among the planting holes, the planting holes that are not used for planting are closed with caps, and the thermal insulation panel In the state where the culture medium of the cultivation bed is covered, the irrigation liquid is supplied to the culture medium by an infusion tube disposed between the heat insulation panel and the culture medium and adjacent to the plurality of planting holes. A planting method for cultivating the plant at the high place while cooling the medium by circulating a coolant through a cooling tube embedded in a region immediately below the infusion tube in the section.

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