JP4346604B2 - Compost granulator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a granulating apparatus that forms compost such as livestock dung into pellets.

  Feces from farms such as livestock and chickens have been widely used as fertilizers for agricultural products after being composted by fermentation with microorganisms. However, compost that has only been fermented is scattered by the wind even if it is sprayed on the field, and is wasteful, and is not preferable in terms of hygiene. Therefore, it is desirable to process the compost into pellets (granular) so that it does not scatter.

An apparatus used for pelletizing chicken manure compost is described in Patent Document 1. In this product, compost dropped from the hopper into the cylinder is pushed out by a rotating screw shaft and pushed out from a hole at the front end of the cylinder, and this is cut short with a rotary blade. In such an apparatus, depending on the moisture content of the compost, the fluidity is lost, the compost adheres to the screw blades, and there is a drawback that smooth operation is hindered. However, it is not easy to remove the deposits because the work is performed inside the cylinder.
Utility Model Application Publication No. 61-13068

  This invention makes it a subject to obtain the apparatus which can granulate compost of compost in the stable state always.

In this granulating apparatus, a cylindrical rod for receiving compost to be treated is rotatably supported on a vertical fixed shaft, and is rotated at a slow speed by a motor. Inside the cylindrical rod, a roller is rotatably supported vertically on the tip of an arm body extending in the radial direction from the fixed shaft. This roller maintains a small gap with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical rod. Further, a guide member is provided for smoothly guiding the compost put into the cylindrical basket to the extrusion roller .

  Since it comprised in this way, if the compost which should be processed is thrown in in a cylindrical rod, the compost will rotate with a cylindrical rod, will be guided by the guide member, and will be sent into the clearance gap between a roller and a rod. The compost that has been fed is pushed into a hole made in a cylindrical tub by a roller, and the compost is solidified under a large pressure. The solidified compost is pushed out of the hole like a stick, and scraped off by a scraper waiting outside the tub to obtain cylindrical pellets. The number of rollers may be one or more.

  Unlike the conventional apparatus, this apparatus is granulated in a jar with an open top, so that maintenance is extremely easy and stable operation is possible. In addition, the compost pressure is high only in the gap between the roller and the cylindrical rod, and the pressure is low elsewhere, so the compost is less likely to solidify or adhere to the cylindrical rod. In addition, since the rollers rotate together, a large amount of power is not required to rotationally drive the cylindrical rod.

For applying high pressure to the compost, holes are drilled in the peripheral surface of the cylindrical cage is necessary that the depth is sufficiently large, at least the depth of the holes have to desirably greater than the diameter.

Preferably, Ru a groove along the axial direction at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential surface of the roller. In this way, the roller rotates as the compost moves, and the compost can be smoothly drawn into the gap between the roller and the straw.

The provision of guide plate pushes up the compost which rotates with the cylindrical basket in a high position in the guide member, it is possible to compost is supplied substantially uniformly to the upper from the lower roller, it improved granulation efficiency.
Further, in order to compost is fed uniformly to the entire roller, divided into two peripheral surface of the roller up and down, have good to upper and lower parts is provided in the opposite direction of the spiral grooves.

  A fixed shaft 2 is erected vertically on the machine base 1, and a sleeve 5 is rotatably supported via a bearing 3 at a lower end portion of the shaft. A collar 6 is integrally provided at the upper end of the sleeve, and a cylinder 7 is attached on the collar to form a cylindrical rod 9 having a diameter of 470 mm. The cylinder 7 is made of a steel plate having a thickness of about 12 mm, and has an infinite number of holes 8 having a diameter of about 6 mm.

  In order to rotationally drive the cylindrical rod 9, a sprocket 10 is attached to the sleeve 5, and this is chain driven by an electric motor (not shown). Cylindrical scissors are often operated at about 25 rpm, but can be adjusted in the range of about 10-60 rpm. The rotation of the cylindrical rod 9 is counterclockwise as shown by the arrow in FIG.

  The extruded body 11 is attached to the fixed shaft 2 protruding into the cylindrical rod 9. The extruded body will be described. A cylindrical body 12 is provided at the center, and this cylindrical body is keyed to the fixed shaft 2. An arm body 13 extends in two directions from the cylinder body 12. Each arm 13 is composed of two upper and lower support plates 13a, and a roller shaft 15 is supported between the support plates. The roller shaft includes a large-diameter shaft 15a and a small-diameter shaft 15b extending above and below the large-diameter shaft 15a. The small-diameter shaft 15b is supported by a support plate 13a, and the roller body 16 is supported by the large-diameter shaft 15a. The large-diameter shaft 15a and the small-diameter shaft 15b are eccentric, and by rotating the small-diameter shaft 15b, the gap between the roller 16 and the cylindrical rod 9 can be adjusted in a range of about 0 to 5 mm. Actually, it is set to about 1mm. Reference numeral 17 denotes a set screw which fixes the small-diameter shaft 15b so as not to rotate. The head of the small-diameter shaft 15b is formed in a corner and is easy to turn with a spanner.

  The roller 16 is provided with longitudinal grooves 18 at equal intervals. The extruded body 11 includes a curved guide member 19 for guiding the compost put into the cylindrical basket 9 to the roller. Since a large force is applied to the fixed shaft 2, the upper end of the fixed shaft 1 is also supported by the frame 20 rising from the machine base 1.

  In order to prevent the deformation of the cylindrical basket 9, a reinforcing ring 21 is provided in two steps on the outer peripheral surface, and a collar 22 for receiving the pellet is attached to the lower part of the cylindrical casing toward the outside. A shooter 23 is provided at the right end of the machine base 1. Reference numeral 25 denotes a scraper fixed to the machine base 1 and scrapes off the place where the compost is pushed out from the hole of the cylindrical rod and sends it to the shooter 23.

  A fence 24 is provided so as to prevent the pellets falling on the collar 22 from falling. An attachment piece 24 a protrudes outward from the fence, and is inserted into a screw shaft 26 standing on the machine base and tightened with a nut 29 via a compression coil spring 27. A rubber plate 30 is stretched inside the fence 24, and the lower edge of the rubber plate is in sliding contact with the collar 22 by the spring so that there is no gap.

  Next, the operation of this apparatus will be described. The fertilized compost 31 that has been subjected to a fermentation process and removed foreign matter through a sieve is continuously put into a rotating cylinder 9 using a belt conveyor or the like. The powdery compost is mixed with various particle sizes, and the water content is about 20-30%. The introduced compost 31 rotates together with the cylindrical rod 9, but the extruded body 11 is stationary, guided by the guide member 19, and gradually approaches the roller 16. In addition, the roller is rotated in the same direction as the cylindrical basket as the compost moves. Thus, the compost is sandwiched between the roller 16 and the cylindrical basket 9 and pushed into the hole 8 of the cylindrical basket. Since the hole 8 is deep, the pushed compost is solidified under high pressure.

  The solidified compost is pushed out of the hole 8 in a rod shape (diameter: 6 to 7 mm), scraped off by a scraper 25 waiting outside the tub, and becomes a columnar pellet 32. The pellets 32 are further guided by the scraper 25 and fall onto the shooter 23 and are conveyed to the outside.

  There are two rollers A and B, the A roller immediately after the scraper 25, and the B roller 180 degrees ahead. Therefore, the length of the compost bar which is extruded twice by the rollers A and B and pushed out of the hole grows to about 15 to 20 mm. This is scraped off by the scraper 25.

  By the way, it is ideal that the powdery compost in the cylindrical basket is fed evenly from the bottom to the top of the roller 16, but in reality it is biased toward the lower part of the roller and the efficiency is poor. In order to solve this problem, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a guide blade 33 can be provided on the guide member 19 of the extruded body 11. The blades are raised so that the compost is guided upward and the compost is fed into the high portion of the roller 16.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, the peripheral surface of the roller 16 may be divided | segmented into 2 up and down, and the spiral groove 34 of the opposite direction may be provided in each upper and lower part. In this way, the upper half of the roller can push the compost up. In addition, since the lower half of the roller pushes the compost downward, the upper and lower thrusts are balanced as a whole, and no excessive force is applied to the extruded body.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the granulation apparatus of compost. It is a top view of the granulation apparatus of compost. It is a perspective view of an extruded body. It is a front view of the roller which shows another Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 Machine 2 Fixed shaft 8 Hole 9 Cylindrical rod 13 Arm 16 Roller 19 Guide member 31 Compost 32 Pellet 33 Guide vane 34 Spiral groove

Claims (4)

A fixed shaft that stands on the machine base, a cylindrical rod that is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft and has a large number of holes in its peripheral surface, drive means for rotating the cylindrical rod, and the fixed shaft inside the cylindrical rod An arm body extending in a radial direction from the arm, a roller that is supported rotatably and perpendicularly to the tip of the arm body, and holds a small gap between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical rod, and in the cylindrical rod A guide member for guiding the introduced compost to the roller, a scraper that scrapes off the compost pushed out in a rod shape from the hole of the cylindrical rod, and the cylindrical member provided on the guide member and rotated together with the cylindrical rod. A compost granulating device consisting of guide vanes that push compost to a higher position . The compost granulating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein grooves along the axial direction are provided at substantially equal intervals on the peripheral surface of the roller. A fixed shaft that stands on the machine base, a cylindrical rod that is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft and has a large number of holes in its peripheral surface, drive means for rotating the cylindrical rod, and the fixed shaft inside the cylindrical rod An arm body extending in a radial direction from the arm, a roller that is supported rotatably and perpendicularly to the tip of the arm body, and holds a small gap between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical rod, and in the cylindrical rod It consists of a guide member for guiding the input compost to the roller, and a scraper that scrapes off the compost pushed out in a rod shape from the hole of the cylindrical rod , and the peripheral surface of the roller is divided into two parts up and down, A compost granulator with spiral grooves in opposite directions in the upper and lower parts . The compost granulation apparatus according to claim 1 or 3 , wherein a thickness of a metal plate forming a peripheral surface of the cylindrical basket is larger than a diameter of the hole formed in the metal plate.

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