JP2954939B1 - Pelletizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pelletizing device for forming compost obtained by a composting device into solid pellets, and achieves a reduction in power consumption and a reduction in size. SOLUTION: A support 15 is fixed to a rotating shaft 14 driven to rotate by a drive motor 13, and a roller 1
7 is rotatably supported, around which a perforated member 18 having a small hole 19 is fixedly arranged, and the compost C that has entered between the roller 17 and the perforated member 18 is extruded through the small hole 19 to form a pellet CP. Is molded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pelletizing apparatus for forming a processed product into solid pellets.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Pelletizing apparatuses for forming powder or other processed materials into solid pellets, that is, small pieces, are used in various technical fields.

For example, it has been widely practiced to compost dewatered sludge using a composting device and reuse it as fertilizer. However, compost obtained by the composting device has a moisture content of, for example, It is about 30 to 40% by weight of okara powder, which is not easy to transfer or store as it is, and when dry powder compost is applied to cultivated soil such as farmland, it becomes windy. Scattered by. Therefore, conventionally, a processed material composed of powdered compost is formed into solid pellets by a pelletizing device, and its handling such as transfer and storage is facilitated, and it can be applied to cultivated soil without scattering. Like that.

[0004] Various types of pelletizing apparatuses are conventionally known, and any of these types is
The processing object is directly pressed against a perforated member having a large number of small holes formed by a pressure member, and the processed material is extruded through the small holes by the pressure to form pellets. However, if the processing object is configured to be directly pressed against the perforated member, a very large pressing force is required, which increases the size of the pelletizing apparatus, increases the power consumption, and increases the running of the apparatus. The disadvantage of rising costs is inevitable.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pelletizing apparatus capable of efficiently pelletizing a processed material with low power consumption and further reducing the size of the structure.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotatable support member and a support member which is rotatable from a center of rotation of the support member to a portion radially outward of the support member. At least one supported roller and the support are fixedly arranged outside the roller that rotates together with the support around the center of rotation of the support with a gap to the peripheral surface of the roller. A perforated member having a small hole formed therethrough is formed in at least a part of a region facing the peripheral surface, and a concave groove extending in the peripheral direction is formed on the peripheral surface of the roller, The processing object that has entered between the concave groove formed on the peripheral surface of the roller that rotates about the rotation center of the support and rotates around the rotation center of itself and the perforated member is pressurized. Pass the processed material through small holes formed in the perforated member Extruding radially outwardly of the foraminous member Te by, it proposes a pelletizing device, characterized by forming the treated product into solid pellets (claim 1).

[0007] At this time, it is advantageous to have a cutter for cutting a solid processed material extruded radially outward of the perforated member through the small holes of the perforated member. .

Further, in the pelletizing apparatus according to claim 2, the cutter adjusts a mounting position of the cutter with respect to the outer peripheral surface so as to adjust an interval between the outer peripheral surface of the perforated member and the cutter. It is advantageous to have mounting position adjusting means (claim 3).

Further, in the pelletizing apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, it is advantageous to provide a scraper for scraping and removing the processing material accumulated in the concave groove of the roller (claim 4).

[0010] In the pelletizing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, it is advantageous that the support, the cutter and the scraper are fixed to a common rotary shaft that is driven to rotate by a drive motor. ).

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of a pelletizing apparatus for forming a powdered compost as an example of a processed product into solid pellets, FIG. 2 is a right side view thereof, and FIG. It is a vertical sectional view of the principal part of a pelletization device. The pelletizing apparatus shown here has a base member 1 fixedly arranged on the installation surface G, a main casing 2 and an inlet casing 3, and an inlet opening 4 is formed in an upper portion of the inlet casing 3. And an opening 6 in the right side wall 5 in FIG.
Are formed.

The main casing 2 is formed in a box shape in which the left portion in FIG. 3 is open, and the two casings 2, 3 will be described later with the left opening and the opening 6 in the side wall 5 of the inlet casing aligned. Fixed to each other in a manner.
The main body casing 2 has an outlet opening 9 and an upper opening 10 also formed on a bottom wall 7 and an upper wall 8, respectively. The upper opening 10 is used for monitoring the state inside the main body casing 2 and for performing maintenance and inspection of the inside.

The base member 1 is formed in a hollow box shape inside, and an opening 11 is formed in an upper wall of the base member 1. The casing 2 is firmly fixedly supported on the base member 1 via a connecting member (not shown).

A drive motor 13 is detachably fixed to the right end wall 12 in FIG. 3 of the main body casing 2, and a rotary shaft 14 driven to rotate by the drive motor 13 passes through the end wall 12 of the main body casing 2. Extend horizontally
The free end of the rotating shaft 14 reaches the inlet casing 3.

As shown in FIG. 4, a rotary shaft portion in a substantially boundary region between the inlet casing 3 and the main body casing 2 has
A rectangular parallelepiped support 15 is fixed, and the support 15 is
When the rotation shaft 14 is rotationally driven by the drive motor 13, it rotates around the rotation center X together with the rotation shaft 14.

A support shaft 16 extending in parallel with the rotation shaft 14 is fixed to a support portion of the support 15 which is radially separated from the rotation center X of the support 15, and is supported by a support (not shown). A roller 17 is rotatably supported. Although at least one roller 17 is provided, it is desirable to provide a plurality of rollers. In the illustrated example, two rollers 17 are provided. The rotation center Y of the roller 17 extends in the horizontal direction in parallel with the rotation center X of the support 15, and when a plurality of rollers 17 are provided as in the illustrated example, each roller 17 is separated from the rotation center X of the support 15. 17
It is preferable that all the distances to the rotation center Y are set equal.

As described above, the pelletizing apparatus of the present embodiment
At least a support 15 rotatably supported by a drive motor 13 via a rotation shaft 14 and a support portion spaced radially outward from a rotation center X of the support 15. It has one roller 17, and the roller 17 rotates together with the support 15 around the rotation center X of the support 15. Roller 1
Outside the roller 7, a cylindrical perforated member 18 is fixedly arranged at a predetermined gap Z with respect to the peripheral surface of the roller 17. The perforated member 18 is made of a plate material such as a metal plate, and a portion of the perforated member 18 facing the peripheral surface of the roller 17 has a large number of holes penetrating the perforated member 18 as shown in FIG. A small hole 19 is formed.

In the illustrated example, a disc 20 is integrally connected to one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical perforated member 18, and a flange 21 protruding outward in the radial direction is integrally formed at the other end. 3, the flange 21 is sandwiched between the side wall 5 of the inlet casing 3 and the end of the main casing 2,
These are detachably fixed by a fixing member including a bolt 22. Thus, the inlet casing 3
And the main body casing 2 are integrally and detachably connected. The hole formed in the center of the disk 20 has a rotating shaft 1
4 is rotatably penetrated.

The roller 17 rotates around the rotation center X of the support 15, and the rotation of the roller 17 at this time is
If necessary, the rotation of the roller 17 around the rotation center Y of the roller itself will be referred to as the rotation of the roller 17, and the rotation of the roller 17 will be referred to as the rotation of the roller as necessary.
Are located outside the roller 17 with respect to the radial direction of the support 15 along the orbit of the roller 17, and
5 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the rotation center X as the center axis. At this time, the gap Z (FIG. 3) between the perforated member 18 and the peripheral surface of the roller 17 is set to, for example, about 3 to 5 mm, and the diameter of the small hole 19 of the perforated member 18 is set to, for example, about 2 to 10 mm. Is set.

The perforated member 18 of this embodiment has a small hole 19 formed around the entire periphery thereof. At least a part of the perforated member in the circumferential direction of the perforated member portion facing the peripheral surface of the roller 17 is provided. For example, the small holes may be formed only in the lower part denoted by the symbol A in FIG.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, a groove 23 extending over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction is formed on the peripheral surface of the roller 17, and in the illustrated example, a groove having a substantially semicircular cross section is formed. Is formed. A concave groove having an appropriate shape such as a V-shaped or U-shaped cross section may be formed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a substantially triangular stirring member 24 is disposed inside the inlet casing 3, and the base of the stirring member 24 is fixed to the support 15.

Wastewater discharged from general households, food processing factories, pig farms, hotels, etc., is subjected to water treatment and then dewatered by a solid-liquid separator (not shown) to obtain sludge having a water content of, for example, about 80% by weight. It is said. The sludge is dried in a compost device (not shown) and is composted by microorganisms. The compost having a water content of, for example, 30 to 40% is discharged from the compost device. At this time, the compost is in the form of okara-like powder as described above, and such compost is introduced into the casing through the inlet opening 4 of the inlet casing 3 as shown by an arrow B in FIG. At this time, the rotation of the rotation shaft 14 around the rotation center X by the operation of the drive motor 13 and the rotation of the stirring member 24 cause the powdered compost falling into the inlet casing 3 to be removed by the stirring member 24. The rotation of the agitator prevents the formation of a compost bridge in the inlet casing 3. FIG. 3 shows a compost, which is an example of the processed product, with a reference numeral C.

The compost C stirred by the stirring member 24 is
As shown by an arrow D in FIG. 3, the sheet is transported to a region where the roller 17 is provided. At this time, each roller 17 is rotating together with the support 15 around the rotation center X of the support 15 in a counterclockwise direction indicated by an arrow E in FIG. At this time, when the roller 17 comes into contact with the compost C, the roller 17 rotates clockwise as indicated by an arrow F in FIG. 2 around its own rotation center Y by an external force received from the compost C. The rollers 17 perform revolving and rotating operations in opposite directions.

The processed material, ie, the compost C, which has entered the space S (FIG. 5) between the concave groove 23 formed on the peripheral surface of the rotating roller 17 and the inner peripheral surface of the perforated member 18 as described above. ,
As shown in FIG. 5, it is sandwiched between them and pressurized. As a result, the compost C is pushed into the small holes 19 of the perforated member 18 and is pushed radially outward of the perforated member 18 through the small holes 19, whereby the compost C is converted into solid pellets C.
P (FIG. 3).

The pellet CP thus formed
Is, as shown in FIG. 3, an outlet opening 9 of the main body casing 2.
And fall down through the opening 11 of the base member 1, while rolling on a shooter 25 attached to the base member 1,
It is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 26 (FIG. 1) of the base member 1. 2 is a guide member that guides the pellets to the shooter 25. By pelletizing the compost in this manner, the compost can be easily transferred or stored, and can be applied to cultivated soil without being scattered.

As described above, when the roller 17 presses the compost C, the roller 17 revolves in the direction of the arrow E as shown in FIG. 5 and rotates in the direction of the arrow F opposite thereto. The compost C that has entered the S does not slip significantly with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the perforated member 18, and ideally, the compost S in the space S stops on the inner peripheral surface of the perforated member 18. I do. For this reason, the compost C in the space S is displaced by the rollers 17 revolving around the inner peripheral surface of the perforated member 18.
The compost C, which has received a large external force in the radial direction of FIG. 8 and has lost its escape in the space S, is efficiently pushed into the small holes 19 of the perforated member 18. Moreover, the revolving roller 17 and the perforated member 18
Since the inner peripheral surface of the wedge-shaped space S1 is formed in the vicinity of the space S, the compost existing in the wedge-shaped space S1 is
As the roller 17 revolves, it can be smoothly confined in the space S. This allows the roller 17 to be driven with a small torque.
The compost C can be efficiently extruded through the small holes 19 while revolving, and the compost can be efficiently pelletized with low power consumption, and the pelletizing apparatus can be downsized.

As shown in FIG. 5, a tapered peripheral surface 19A is formed in each of the small holes 19 of the perforated member 18 so as to reduce the diameter from the inner peripheral surface side to the outer peripheral surface of the perforated member 18. The compost C can be more smoothly and efficiently pushed into the small holes 19 and pushed out from the small holes 19.

Even if only the configuration described above is used, the small hole 1
It is possible to cut the compost extruded from 9 into small pieces by external force applied thereto and to pelletize the pieces. However, depending on conditions such as the water content of the compost, the compost extruded from the small holes 19 may not be cut into small pieces, but may be elongated.

Therefore, in the pelletizing apparatus according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS.
Through which the solid processed material extruded radially outward of the perforated member 18, ie, the compost, is cut.
7 are provided. In the illustrated example, two cutters 27 each composed of a rod member arranged at a predetermined interval H (FIG. 3) with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the perforated member 18 are used. As shown in FIG.
A bolt 30 and a nut 30 </ b> A are fixed to a mounting member 29 fixed to the rotating shaft 14 and extending in the radial direction. The cutter 27 is connected to the rotating shaft 14 via the mounting member 29.
, And can rotate around the rotation center X together with the rotation shaft 14.

As described above, the fixedly disposed perforated member 1
The compost is extruded from the small holes 19 of 8, and the compost is
It is cut by a cutter 27 that rotates around the perforated member 18. As a result, the compost does not become long in the form of a braid, and solid pellets having a diameter of about 7 mm and a length of about 15 mm are reliably formed.

As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of holes 31 are formed in the base 28 of the cutter 27, and a bolt 31 is formed in one of the holes 31 and a hole 32 formed in the tip of the mounting member 29. The cutter 27 is fixed to the mounting member 29 by threading a nut 30A through the nut 30A. The outer surface of the perforated member 18 and the 27 can be freely adjusted. Thereby, the length of the pellet to be formed can be adjusted to a desired size.

As described above, the pelletizing apparatus of the present example
A cutter mounting position adjusting means for adjusting a mounting position of the cutter 27 with respect to the outer peripheral surface so as to adjust an interval H between the outer peripheral surface of the perforated member 18 and the cutter 27;
In the illustrated example, the plurality of holes 31 formed in the base 28 of the cutter 27, the holes 32 formed in the mounting member 29, the bolt 30, and the nut 30A constitute the cutter mounting position adjusting means. I have.

Further, as described above, the concave groove 23 formed on the peripheral surface of the roller 17 cooperates with the inner peripheral surface of the perforated member 18 to confine the compost in the space S and improve the efficiency. The groove 2 serves to push the hole 2 into the small hole 19 well.
If the compost is clogged in 3, the purpose of the groove 23 cannot be fulfilled. Therefore, in the pelletizing apparatus of this example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, a rod-shaped scraper 33 protruding in the radial direction is fixed to the rotating shaft 14 and accumulated in the concave groove 23 of each roller 17. The processed material, that is, compost is scraped and removed by the scraper 33. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent a problem that the compost is clogged in the concave groove 23, and the original function of the concave groove 23 can be exhibited without any trouble.

As is clear from the above description, the support 18, the cutter 27, and the scraper 33 are fixed to the common rotary shaft 14 which is driven to rotate by the drive motor 13, thereby forming pellets. The structure of the device can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

Further, in the illustrated example, the perforated member 18 is removed by removing the bolt 22 shown in FIG.
9 can be replaced with another perforated member having a different diameter size. Thereby, the perforated member 18 having the small holes 19 of various diameters can be used, and a pellet having a desired diameter can be formed.

Although an example of an apparatus for pelletizing powdered compost, which is an example of a processed material, has been described above, the present invention relates to a method of solidifying powdered compost other than compost or various processed products in a form other than powdery solid. The present invention can be widely applied to a pelletizing apparatus for forming pellets.

[0039]

According to the pelletizing apparatus of the first aspect, the processed material can be pelletized with a small force, and the power consumption can be reduced and the apparatus can be downsized.

According to the pelletizing apparatus of the second aspect,
The processed material extruded from the small holes of the perforated member can be reliably cut and pelletized.

According to the pelletizing apparatus of the third aspect,
The length of the pellet can be freely changed.

According to the pelletizing apparatus of the fourth aspect,
The problem that the function of the concave groove of the roller is reduced can be prevented.

According to the pelletizing apparatus of claim 5,
The entire structure can be more reliably simplified, and the cost can be further reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a pelletizing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the pelletizing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of the pelletizing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of the pelletizing apparatus.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a function of a roller.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the cutter and its mounting member.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a scraper.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 13 drive motor 14 rotating shaft 15 support 17 roller 18 perforated member 19 small hole 23 concave groove 27 cutter 33 scraper CP pellet H interval X rotation center Y rotation center Z gap

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A support driven to rotate, at least one roller rotatably supported by a support portion radially outwardly spaced from a center of rotation of the support, and the support together with the support. Outside the roller that rotates around the center of rotation of the body, it is fixedly arranged with a gap to the peripheral surface of the roller, and penetrates at least a part of the area facing the peripheral surface of the roller. A perforated member having a small hole formed therein, a concave groove extending in the circumferential direction of the roller is formed on the peripheral surface of the roller, and the roller rotates around the rotation center of the support, and rotates on its own. The processing object that has entered between the concave groove formed on the peripheral surface of the roller that rotates around the center and the perforated member is pressed and the processing object is perforated through a small hole formed in the perforated member. By pushing it outward in the radial direction of the member, A pelletizer, wherein the processed product is formed into solid pellets. 2. The pelletizing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cutter for cutting a solid processed material extruded radially outward of the perforated member through small holes of the perforated member. 3. The cutter mounting position adjusting device according to claim 2, further comprising a cutter mounting position adjusting unit that adjusts a mounting position of the cutter with respect to the outer peripheral surface so that an interval between the outer peripheral surface of the perforated member and the cutter can be adjusted. Pelletizer. 4. The pelletizing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a scraper for scraping off and removing the processed material accumulated in the groove of the roller. 5. The support, cutter and scraper,
The pelletizing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pelletizing apparatus is fixed to a common rotating shaft that is rotationally driven by a driving motor.