JP2001347174A - Method and device for crushing/molding clayey material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a method and a device for crushing/molding a clayey material by which the clayey material, in which materials in a dry state and a wet state are contained or the clayey material having relatively high water content can be continuously crush-molded without being kneaded. SOLUTION: The method and the device for crushing/molding the clayey material is distinguished by that the clayey material which cannot be crushed by a crusher having a rotary bar or a rotary cutting blade is crush-molded by a device in which a pair of cylindrical rotary bodies having a plurality of grooves in a rotary shaft direction are arranged in parallel so that a projected part formed between the grooves of one cylindrical rotary body faces the groove of another cylindrical rotary body and these cylindrical rotary bodies rotate. The cylindrical rotary body may have a plurality of projections at the projected part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for crushing and shaping clay-like substances such as sun-dried cakes and dehydrated cakes generated in the treatment of wastewater such as tap water and service water, and a dry cake manufacturing facility. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventionally used crushing device 11 having a rotating rod or a cutting blade 12 as shown in FIG. 5 is used for crushing a relatively homogeneous and hard clay-like material such as a pressed dewatered cake. It was an effective device that crushed clay-like substances by impact or cutting. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view, in which 13 is a rotating shaft on which a rotating cutting blade or the like is mounted, 14 is a screen for dropping only the crushed material 17, and 15 is a screen of the crushing device 11. A cover 16 is a clay-like substance such as sludge.

[0003]

However, in the prior art crushing apparatus, a clay-like substance such as a sun-dried cake having a mixture of a dry state and a wet state or a pressed dewatered cake having a relatively high water content is obtained. In the case of crushing, a kneading action also occurs in the crushing device, and continuous crushing may be difficult due to adhesion of a clay-like substance to a rod or a cutting blade, or blockage of a screen. The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, without kneading a clay-like substance in which a dry state to a wet state are mixed, or a clay-like substance having a relatively high moisture content, An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for crushing and shaping clay-like substances which can be continuously crushed and formed.

[0004]

The present invention has solved the above-mentioned problems by the following means. (1) A pair of cylindrical rotators having a plurality of grooves in the rotation axis direction are arranged in parallel, and a protrusion formed between the grooves of one cylindrical rotator is formed in the groove of the other cylindrical rotator. Cylindrical rotating body and support mechanism that are located opposite each other and the width of the protruding part is wider than the width of the facing groove, scraper for removing clay-like substances attached to the groove, power mechanism of inverter, motor, and reduction gear, cylinder A crushing and forming apparatus for a clay-like substance, comprising a hopper for supplying the clay-like substance to a rotator. (2) The cylindrical rotating body has a plurality of protrusions on the convex portion, and the size of the protrusions is smaller than the groove dimension of the opposed cylindrical rotary body and equal to or less than the groove depth. ). (3) The gap between the cylindrical rotating bodies is adjustable,
The apparatus for crushing and molding a clay-like substance according to the above (1), wherein the number of grooves and the shape of the grooves can be changed. (4) The apparatus for crushing and molding a clay-like substance according to the above (1), wherein the cylindrical rotating body is incorporated in a lower part of a storage tank for the clay-like substance and used as a quantitative feeder.

(5) A clay comprising a pressurized press dewatering machine, a dewatered cake conveyor, a dewatered cake storage tank, a crushing and forming apparatus for a clay-like substance described in (1) above, a transfer feeder, a drier, a dried cake conveyor, and a dried cake storage tank. Equipment for the production of dry cakes for particulate matter. (6) A pair of cylindrical rotators having a plurality of grooves in the rotation axis direction are arranged in parallel, and a projection formed between the grooves of one cylindrical rotator is formed in the groove of the other cylindrical rotator. A method for crushing and shaping a clay-like substance, characterized in that crushing and shaping are performed in a device in which these cylindrical rotating bodies rotate, wherein the width of the facing portion is greater than the width of the facing groove.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a plan view of a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies which is an example of a crushing and forming apparatus for a clay-like substance of the present invention, FIG. It is an expanded sectional explanatory view of the part enclosed. Also,
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal side view of a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies of another example of the crushing and forming apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional explanatory view of a contact portion thereof. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the projections of a pair of cylindrical rotators are not meshed with each other, and FIG. It is shown that they are engaged with each other by entering the groove formed between them. In all the drawings for describing the embodiments, those having the same mechanism are denoted by the same reference numerals,
The description of the repetition is omitted.

[0007] The cylindrical rotating body 1 is a cylindrical body having a plurality of circumferentially parallel grooves around the circumference thereof and rotating about a rotation axis. Means can be used. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a hollow tube is cut into an appropriate length, and two types of rings having different inner diameters and larger outer diameters are provided around the hollow tube. It can be formed by sequentially fitting, fixing, and attaching a rotating shaft. 6 to 9
Cut the round bar into an appropriate length as shown in the above, and insert and fix two types of hollow disks around the round bar, each having a larger inner diameter than its outer diameter and a different outer diameter, in order. , Can be formed by using a round bar as a rotation axis. Although the diameter of the cylindrical rotating body is not particularly limited, it is 10 mm in diameter.
0 mm to 600 mm, preferably 300 mm to 50 in diameter
0 mm, which is selected according to the size of sludge or clay-like substance to be crushed and formed. When the diameter is less than 200 mm, the size of the clay-like material that can be crushed and formed is limited to a small one. The length of the cylindrical rotating body 1 is 0.5 to 10 times the diameter,
Preferably, it is 1 to 5 times. When the length of the cylindrical rotating body 1 is 0.5 times or less the diameter, crushing and shaping is possible, but the processing amount is reduced. The length of the cylindrical rotating body 1 is 1 of the diameter
When it exceeds 0 times, the cylindrical rotating body 1 is deformed by the force generated in the crushing and forming, and is not effective.

[0008] The peripheral speed of the cylindrical rotating body 1 is 1 m / min or more.
24 m / min, preferably 2 m / min to 12 m / m
in is good. When the peripheral speed is less than 1 m / min, the amount of treatment is small, and when the peripheral speed is 24 m / min or more, the sludge or clay-like substance to be crushed and formed undergoes rapid deformation, so that the rotational power is reduced. It is consumed as heat and consumes a lot of power. The material of the cylindrical rotating body 1 is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the hardness of the clay-like substance to be crushed and formed. Iron, stainless steel, various plastics, and the like can be used.

The cylindrical rotating body 1 is provided with a plurality of grooves in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 1, and the grooves are preferably provided at equal intervals. The detailed structure is shown in FIG. As shown, a groove 5 is formed. Therefore, the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical rotating body 1 has a shape such that there is an annular convex portion 4 between the grooves 5 based on the bottom surface of the grooves 5. In the cylindrical rotating body 1, the larger the width of the convex portion 4 is greater than the width of the groove 5, the better the crushing efficiency is, and the interval between the cylindrical rotating bodies 1 can be freely changed. If the width of the convex portion 4 is smaller than the width of the groove 5, the tip of the convex portion 4 enters the groove 5, and the clay-like material easily becomes clogged in the groove 5, which is not preferable.

Further, as shown in FIG.
As a method for providing a plurality of protrusions 6 having a groove size less than the groove depth and not more than the groove depth of the cylindrical rotating body facing the convex portion 4 of the cylindrical rotating body, a method in which a circular or square rod is cut, bonded, welded, or screwed in and so on. The material of the projection 6 is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the hardness of the clay-like substance to be crushed and formed. Iron, stainless steel, various plastics, and the like can be used. As locations where the projections 6 are provided, for example, several locations can be provided at equal intervals along the circumference of the projection 4. Thereby, it is conceivable that the projection 6 has the function of crushing the clay-like substance in the groove 5 of the counterpart cylindrical rotating body 1 or discharging the crushed material in the groove 5 to prevent clogging. When the clay-like substance is crushed by the convex portions 4 of the cylindrical rotating body 1, the clay-like material is easily crushed into an elongated shape, but the crushed material formed into the elongated shape by the projections 6 is further shortened. Seems to be crushed,
It is considered that the vertical and horizontal lengths of the crushed material vary, though on average, depending on the interval between the protrusions 6. When a projection is provided on the projection, the width of the projection is preferably smaller than the width of the groove.

As a method of adjusting the gap between the cylindrical rotating bodies 1, there are a method of fixing one of the rotating bearings of the pair of cylindrical rotating bodies 1 with an elongated hole of a base and a bolt, a method of connecting with a hydraulic cylinder, and the like. is there. Although the groove width and the groove depth of the cylindrical rotating body are not particularly limited, they are each 3 mm to 2 mm.
0 mm, preferably 4 mm to 10 mm. If it is less than 3 mm, the processing amount is small, and if it is more than 20 mm, the rotational power becomes large, which is not effective. As a method of changing the number of the grooves 5 and the dimensions of the grooves 5 of the cylindrical rotating body 1, there are the following methods. A hollow tube having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical rotating body 1 having no groove 5 in the rotating direction is cut into a ring with an arbitrary width, or the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical rotating body 1 having no groove in the rotating direction. A processed rod or plate is produced, and the hollow tube or the rod or plate is
A method of fixing with screws or pins etc. with an arbitrary gap,
In addition, the hollow tubes or the bars or plates having different thicknesses, in which the grooves 5 or the protrusions 4 are formed in the cylindrical rotating body 1 in the axial direction and the grooves 5 or the protrusions 6 are formed inside, are alternately incorporated. ,
There is a method of fixing with screws or pins.

Further, the crushing and forming machine of the present invention is provided with a plurality of projections 6 on the outer peripheral surface (convex portion) of the cylindrical rotating body 1 so that the crushing and forming target is a plate-like clay-like material. However, with the rotation, the sludge or clay-like substance is caught and crushed and formed. The throughput of the sludge or clay-like substance to be crushed and formed is defined by the cross-sectional area of the groove 5 of the cylindrical rotary body 1, the gap area between the rotary bodies 1, and the peripheral speed of the cylindrical rotary body 1. Therefore, even when the crushing and forming machine of the present invention is installed below the storage tank for sludge or clay-like material, the clay-like material is crushed and formed, and quantitatively cut out without adding any other method and machine. Because it is possible
It can also be used as a quantitative feeder.

FIG. 10 shows a dry cake manufacturing facility in which the crushing and forming machine of the present invention is incorporated in the lower part of a clay-like substance storage tank (dewatered cake storage tank). The cake dewatered by the press and press dewatering machine is crushed and formed by a crushing and forming machine. The crushed and formed cake is dried in a dryer. The dried cake is mixed with various soils and fertilizers, and can be used as soil for fields and horticulture. The formed dehydrated cake can be fired and used as an aggregate, or can be used as a roadbed material by adding a solidifying agent. In FIG. 10, the clay-like substance is put into a press and dewatering machine 35 to be dewatered, and the dewatered dewatered cake 3 is dehydrated.
6 is stored in a dewatered cake storage tank 38 by a dewatered cake conveyor 37, and the dewatered cake 36 that has flowed out from the lower part of the dewatered cake storage tank 38 is supplied to a crusher 39 of the present invention, where it is crushed.
The crushed material is dried by the dryer 41 by the transfer feeder 40. The dried cake 42 coming out of the dryer 41 is sent to and stored in a dried cake storage tank 44 by a dried cake conveyor 43.

The apparatus for crushing and shaping clay-like substances according to the present invention comprises the following. The cylindrical rotator 1 and the support mechanism are provided with one of the rotary bearings of the pair of cylindrical rotators 1,
There are a device fixed to a long hole of a gantry and bolts, a device connected to a hydraulic cylinder, and the like. Further, in the case of a device in which the rotary bearing of the cylindrical rotary member 1 and the hydraulic cylinder are connected, a mechanism for processing a signal of the pressure detecting device of the hydraulic cylinder and operating the hydraulic pump to adjust the gap between the cylindrical rotary member 1. In addition, a mechanism for processing the current value of the inverter / motor and operating the hydraulic pump to adjust the gap between the cylindrical rotating bodies 1 can be added. Example) The hydraulic pump needs a pressure higher than the pressure calculated from the following formula. Pressure (MPa) = shaft torque (kgf · m) ÷ reduction ratio ÷ rotor radius (m) × 0.101 MPa / kgf = 0.416 kgf · m × 70 ÷ 0.15 mx0.101 1 = 19.6 MPa rotation When the body axis is fixed by two axes on the left and right, two 9.8 MPa or more.

The scraper for removing sludge or clay-like substances attached to the groove has a blade facing the rotating direction on the outer periphery of the concave portion of the rotating body, and the blade is in contact with the rotating body and has a surface perpendicular to the diameter direction of the rotating body. And a material having a lower hardness than the material of the rotating body. For example, when the cylindrical rotating body 1 is made of stainless steel, the scraper is preferably made of aluminum or plastic that is softer than stainless steel. The angle of the scraper blade is preferably 15 to 60 degrees,
As the angle of the blade is smaller, a crushed molded product having a shape closer to the concave portion of the rotating body is obtained, and as the angle of the blade is larger, a molded product shorter than the concave shape of the rotating body is obtained. When the angle of the blade is larger than 60 degrees, the blade of the scraper becomes a resistance, and it is necessary to increase the rotational power.

[0016]

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to only these examples.

EXAMPLE 1 In order to compare the conventional crusher shown in FIG. 5 with the example of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a crushing molding experiment was performed using a cake A having a relatively high water content. went. First, the composition of cake A
Table 2 shows the results of the crushing and molding experiments.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

[Table 2]

In the conventional crusher, the screen was blocked two minutes after the start of the experiment, making crushing difficult. Embodiment 1 of the present invention
In the crushing molding method of
It can be continued for more than 0min, and 4mm square and 50 length
A crushed molded product of about mm was obtained.

Example 2 Using the cylindrical rotating body of Example 2 of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a crushing molding experiment was performed using a cake A having a relatively high water content having the composition shown in Table 1. Was. Table 3 shows the experimental results.

[0022]

[Table 3]

A plurality of projections are added to the convex portion of the cylindrical rotating body, and the groove width is changed to 8 mm, so that the peripheral speed is 2.3.
3.75 kg / min at m / min, peripheral speed 11.3 m
Crushing at 22.8 kg / min at 60 m / min
in can be continued over 8mm square and 100m long
A m-sized crushed product could be obtained.

Example 3 A crushing molding experiment using cake B in a dry state was performed using a cylindrical rotating body of another example of the present invention shown in FIGS. Table 4 shows the composition of the dried cake B, and Table 5 shows the results of the crushing molding experiment.

[0025]

[Table 4]

[0026]

[Table 5]

A plurality of protrusions were added to the convex portion of the cylindrical rotating body, and the groove width was changed to 10 mm, so that the circumferential speed was 2.
2.63 kg / min at 3 m / min, peripheral speed 11.3
16.0 kg / min crush molding at 60 m
in or more, and a crushed molded product of about 10 mm was obtained.

Example 4 A groove having a width of 4 mm to 10 mm and a diameter of 300 mm and a width of 3
Table 6 shows examples of combinations of hollow tubes for forming a 00 mm cylindrical rotating body.

[0029]

[Table 6]

An example of a method of forming the cylindrical rotating body 13 having a groove size of 10 mm square will be described with reference to FIGS. Rotating shaft 20
Has an outer diameter of 100 mm and a length of 600 mm. As shown in FIG. 7, four holes 21 for fixing the hollow tube are provided for fixing in the axial direction.
A guide 22 having a length of 20 mm square along the surface of the rotating shaft 20 and having a length corresponding to the length of the assembly including both the fixing plates is provided for fixing in the rotating direction. FIG. 7A shows a side view of the rotating shaft 20, and FIG. 7B shows a front view thereof. The concave member 23 is a disk-shaped member having an outer diameter of 280 mm and a thickness of 10 mm, having a hollow portion 24 at the center for passing a rotating shaft, and having a bolt hole 25 as shown in FIG. Further, the convex member 26 is a disk-shaped member having an outer diameter of 300 mm and a thickness of 12 mm, having a hollow portion 27 at the center for passing a rotating shaft and having a bolt hole 25 as shown in FIG. . In addition,
Each of the hollow portion 24 and the hollow portion 27 has a recess of 20 mm corresponding to the shape of the guide 22 so as to match the outer shape of the rotating shaft 20. The cross sections of the fixing plate 28 and the fixing plate 29 have the same shape as the convex member 26, and have a thickness of 10 mm and 4 mm, respectively. 8A and 9A are side views, and FIG. 9B is a front view thereof.

One fixing ring 30 is passed through the rotating shaft 20, and is fixed in the axial direction with a hexagon bolt 31. At this time, the tip of the hexagonal bolt 31 passes through the hole of the fixing ring 30 and enters the bolt fixing hole 21 provided on the rotating shaft 20 to secure the fixing. Next, the fixing member 28 on one side is passed, and the concave member 23 is formed.
And the specified number of the convex members 26 are alternately passed. Further, the fixing plate 29 and the fixing ring 30 on the other side are passed, and the axial direction is fixed with a hexagon bolt 31. Finally, a fixing bolt 32 is passed through a bolt hole 25 passing through the cylindrical rotating body 13 in the axial direction to each of the fixing plate 28, the convex member 26, the concave member 23, and the fixing plate 29, and is fixed. The rotating body 13 is formed. By assembling as described above, a width of 10
It is possible to form a cylindrical rotating body having a large number of grooves having a depth of 10 mm and a depth of 10 mm. FIG. 6 shows a side view of the assembled cylindrical rotating body.

[0032]

According to the present invention, by using a pair of cylindrical rotators having a plurality of grooves in the direction of the rotation axis and a device in which a plurality of projections are added to the convex portion of the cylindrical rotator,
Continuous kneading and shaping into a shape close to the groove size became possible without kneading and clogging the clay-like substance in the dry state to the wet state. Further, since the number of rotations is small, the clay-like substance can be formed without abrupt deformation, and the power cost is small.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an example of a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies of a device for crushing and molding a clay-like substance according to the present invention, wherein FIG.
(B) is a longitudinal side view.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a contact portion of a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of another example of a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies of the crushing and forming apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a contact portion between a pair of cylindrical rotating bodies in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a vertical side view of a conventional crushing and forming apparatus.

FIG. 6 shows a side view of the assembled cylindrical rotating body.

FIG. 7 shows a rotating shaft used for assembling a cylindrical rotating body,
(A) shows the side view, (b) shows the front view.

FIG. 8 shows a concave member used for assembling the cylindrical rotating body,
(A) shows the side view, (b) shows the front view.

FIG. 9 shows a convex member used for assembling the cylindrical rotating body,
(A) shows the side view, (b) shows the front view.

FIG. 10 Storage tank for granular soil material (storage tank for dehydrated cake)
In the lower part of the figure, a dry cake production facility incorporating the crushing and forming machine of the present invention is shown.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylindrical rotating body 2 Hollow tube 3 Rotating shaft 4 Convex part 5 Groove 6 Projection 11 Crusher 12 Cutting feather 13 Rotating shaft 14 Screen 15 Cover 16 Clay material (sludge etc.) 17 Crushed material 20 Rotating shaft 21 Bolt fixing Hole 22 Guide 23 Concave member 24 Hollow part 25 Bolt hole 26 Convex member 27 Hollow part 28 Fixing plate 29 Fixing plate 30 Fixing ring 31 Hexagonal bolt 32 Fixing bolt 35 Pressure squeeze dehydrator 36 Dehydration cake 37 Dehydration cake conveyor 38 Dehydration Cake storage 39 Crusher 40 Transfer feeder 41 Dryer 42 Dry cake 43 Dry cake conveyor 44 Dry cake storage

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shinichiro Egawa 11-1 Haneda Asahimachi, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Ebara Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Taizo Iwatani 11-1 Haneda Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo EBARA F-term (reference) 4D059 AA00 BD00 BD18 BE25 BK11 CB09 CB18 CC04 4D063 CC01 CC07 CC09 GA10 GC01 GC21

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A pair of cylindrical rotators having a plurality of grooves in a rotation axis direction are arranged in parallel, and a convex portion formed between the grooves of one cylindrical rotator has a convex portion formed by the other cylindrical rotator. Cylindrical rotating body and supporting mechanism located opposite the groove and having a width of the convex portion larger than the width of the facing groove, a scraper for removing clay-like substances attached to the groove, and a power mechanism of an inverter, a motor and a speed reducer. And a hopper for feeding the clay-like substance to the cylindrical rotating body. 2. The cylindrical rotator has a plurality of protrusions on the projection, and the protrusions have a dimension less than a groove dimension of the opposed cylindrical rotator and less than a groove depth. Item 4. A device for crushing and molding a clay-like substance according to Item 1. 3. The apparatus for crushing and shaping clay-like substances according to claim 1, wherein the gap between said cylindrical rotating bodies is adjustable, and the number of grooves and the shape of the grooves are changeable. 4. The apparatus for crushing and molding a clay-like substance according to claim 1, wherein said cylindrical rotating body is incorporated in a lower part of a storage tank for the clay-like substance and used as a quantitative feeder. 5. A pressure-press dewatering machine, a dewatering cake conveyor,
A dry cake production facility for a clay-like substance, comprising a dewatering cake storage tank, the crushing and forming apparatus for a clay-like substance according to claim 1, a transfer feeder, a dryer, a dry cake conveyor, and a dry cake storage tank. 6. A pair of cylindrical rotators having a plurality of grooves in a rotation axis direction are arranged in parallel, and a projection formed between the grooves of one of the cylindrical rotators is the same as that of the other cylindrical rotator. A method for crushing and shaping a clay-like substance, characterized in that crushing and shaping are performed in a device in which these cylindrical rotating bodies rotate, wherein the width of the convex portion is larger than the width of the groove facing the groove.