JP4339802B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a circulation type grain dryer for drying grain by supplying hot air while circulating in the machine.

  In a conventional circulation type grain dryer, a storage part, a drying part, and a grain collection part are placed in order from the top, and a hot wind tunnel with a built-in burner is disposed in the grain collection part on the front side. The part is provided with a whipping device that connects the cereal collecting part and the storage part, and a suction exhaust device is provided on the rear surface side of the drying part, the drying part is a hot air chamber with a partition plate having a porous hole that can ventilate, Some have formed a grain flow downway and a wind exhaust chamber (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  In the conventional circulation type grain dryer, the combustion air of the burner provided at the outside air intake on the front surface of the hot wind tunnel and the outside air sucked from around the burner are mixed in the hot wind tunnel to generate hot air for drying, It is supplied near the center of the hot air chamber in the drying section.

  And while the dried grain passes through the porous part of the grain flow downstream, it is repeatedly dried until it reaches the predetermined moisture by receiving the heating and drying action of the dry hot air sucked from the hot air chamber to the exhaust chamber. It is what is done.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-144993 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-40779

  However, in the conventional grain dryer, there is a disadvantage that the overall height of the fuselage is increased if the diameter of the hot wind tunnel in the cereal part is increased, and therefore the inner diameter of the hot wind tunnel cannot be increased. Therefore, the outside air around the burner provided in the hot wind tunnel Since the ventilation area is narrow, the inflow speed of outside air is fast, and the distance from the hot air chamber provided in the upper drying section is not sufficient, the burner combustion air and the outside air are sufficiently mixed in the hot air tunnel. It was difficult to mix and produce the dry hot air, and the hot air temperature was uneven in the supplied hot air chamber, and the temperature was difficult to be uniform. Therefore, if the burner combustion amount is increased in order to increase the drying efficiency, the hot air temperature unevenness also increases, making it difficult to control the hot air temperature, resulting in dry unevenness in the moisture content of the dried grain, resulting in damaged grains such as shell cracks. there were.

  Even if the burner combustion amount is increased to increase the drying efficiency and the hot air temperature is increased, the present invention can make the temperature of the dry hot air in the hot air chamber substantially uniform without unevenness, and further, An object of the present invention is to provide a grain dryer that can efficiently dry in a short time while suppressing generation of damaged grains such as shell cracks by effectively utilizing far-infrared radiant heat.

The present invention, in order to achieve the above Symbol purpose, reservoir from above in this order, drying section, the AtsumariKoku part by weight set, a AgeKoku device for connecting the reservoir and the AtsumariKoku portion on the front one side A suction exhaust device is provided on the rear side of the drying unit, and a hot air chamber, a grain flow path, and an exhaust chamber are formed in the drying unit with a porous partition plate that can be ventilated. In the long circulation type grain dryer, a wide hot air chamber is provided in the center of the drying unit in the left-right direction, and a hot air mixing chamber is provided in the front and rear of the drying unit, so that the outside air and the burner combustion air are supplied from behind the hot air mixing chamber Introduced through separate paths, mixed well inside to generate dry hot air, configured to supply dry hot air from the front of the hot air mixing chamber to the hot air chamber, and take in the outside air before and after the cereal collection unit A front air intake box that opens to the air vent and communicates with the air vent that opens downward in the rear part of the hot air mixing chamber. And a rear air intake box, a hot air tunnel having a substantially U-shaped cross section is provided below the front air intake box, a burner combustion cylinder is disposed at the front opening of the hot air cylinder, and the rear end portion has a reduced cross-sectional area. However, it started up upwards, protruded into the hot air mixing chamber and opened a hot air discharge port to constitute a grain dryer.

  Furthermore, a far-infrared radiation paint is applied to the bottom and both sides of the hot wind tunnel provided in the cereal gathering part to make the hot wind tunnel a far-infrared radiator, and flow down to the center below the left and right rotary valves. An inclined plate is provided, the flow guide plate is brought close to the vicinity of the outer peripheral bottom portion of the hot wind tunnel, and the tip end portion extends to the upper portion of the lower transfer spiral device.

  The above-described drying hot air in the grain dryer of the present invention is a substantially uniform hot air in which a small amount of high-temperature burner combustion air and a large amount of outside air introduced through the intake ports before and after the airframe are sufficiently mixed in the hot air mixing chamber. Since it is supplied to the front of the hot air chamber after reaching the temperature, the grain flowing down the grain flow path in the drying section is subjected to a substantially uniform heating and drying action over the entire area where the dry hot air passes, and is efficiently dried.

  Furthermore, the grain fed from the rotary valve at the lower end of the grain flow downstream in the grain collection chamber is further heated by receiving far-infrared radiant heat from the hot wind tunnel heated while flowing down the flow guide plate. The internal moisture is diffused while depositing in the circulating storage chamber, and a more efficient drying action can be received in the drying section in the next step.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the arrow in a figure shows the flow state of an external air wind, a burner combustion wind, dry hot air, and exhaust air.

  FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a circulating grain dryer according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of an essential part of the grain dryer as viewed from the front side of the machine, and FIG. It is the principal part plane sectional view which looked at the BB section of a grain dryer from the body upper part. FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are embodiments of the case where four rows of grain flow paths are provided.

  1-3, the grain dryer 1 accumulates the storage part a, the drying part b, and the grain collection part c in order from the upper direction, and stores the grains collected by the grain collection part c in the front side part. A cerealing device 51 for returning to the part a is provided, and a suction exhaust device 61 is provided on the back side of the drying part b. Reference numeral 41 denotes a control device that controls the operation of the devices of the respective units.

  At the upper part of the storage part a, there are provided an upper conveying spiral device 52 and a rotary diffusion plate 53 for evenly putting the grains raised by the cerealing device 51 into the storage chamber 2. In addition, the drying part b is provided with two rows of grain flow downstreams 4, 4 partitioned by a partition plate 3, 3 ′ having a porous hole that allows ventilation, and the left and right grain flow downstreams 4, The partition plates 3 and 3 on the inner side of the front view 4 are inclined and extended to the vicinity of the center of the upper body, and the top portion is joined to form a wide hot air chamber 5. Further, the left and right outer partition plates 3 ′ and 3 ′ forming the grain flow down channels 4 and 4 are inclined and extended above the opposite body left and right side plates, respectively, to the outside of the grain flow down channels 4 and 4. The exhaust chambers 6 and 6 are formed. A part of the inclined extension of the partition plates 3 and 3 ′ is not perforated.

  The air exhaust chambers 6 and 6 are communicated with a suction box 62 and a suction air exhaust device 61 provided at the rear of the machine body through air exhaust ports 7 and 7 provided on the rear plate of the machine body. The suction exhaust device 61 includes a motor and a suction fan (not shown).

  A hot air mixing chamber 8 having a triangular cross section is provided inside the hot air chamber 5. The hot air mixing chamber 8 opens a dry hot air supply port 9 toward the front upper portion of the hot air chamber 5, and the rear lower portion has ventilation ports 10, 10 ′ communicating with air inlets 12, 20 before and after the machine body, which will be described later. Is open.

  A front air intake box in which the front is connected to the front air inlet 12 and the rear upper part is connected to the air inlet 10 of the hot air mixing chamber 8 directly below the hot air mixing chamber 8 and at the upper center of the cereal collecting part c. 13 is provided, and a hot wind tunnel 14 having a substantially U-shaped cross section having an upper side shared with a bottom side of the front intake box 13 is provided thereunder. The front face of the hot air drum 14 is open, a burner 15 for liquid fuel combustion provided with a blower fan 16 is provided, and the combustion cylinder 17 is disposed in the hot air wind tunnel 14. The rear part of the hot air drum 14 rises upward while narrowing the cross-sectional area, protrudes from the vicinity of the vents 10 and 10 'into the hot air mixing chamber 8, and bends with the hot air discharge port 18 at the tip toward the front of the machine body. The structure is the same. Reference numeral 31 denotes a burner cover that is formed of a part that allows ventilation.

  In addition, a rear intake port 20 is also opened in the rear plate of the cereal collecting part c, and communicates with the ventilation port 10 ′ of the hot air mixing chamber 8 through the rear intake box 21. Reference numeral 32 denotes a rear intake cover formed of a partly ventilating member.

  The partition plates 3 and 3 ′ forming the grain flow downways 4 and 4 extend a non-hole portion downward into the cereal collection chamber 11, and are provided with rotary valves 22 and 22 at a lower end portion, below the rotary valve. The flow guide plates 23, 23 are inclined in the center downward direction, the flow guide plates 23, 23 are brought close to the vicinity of the outer peripheral bottom of the hot air drum 14, and the tip is near the upper part of the lower transfer spiral device 25 described later. Has been extended.

  Further, a lower transfer spiral device 25 is provided at the bottom of the cereal collecting portion c at the front and rear of the central portion, and cereal collecting plates 24 and 24 that are inclined from the left and right side plates of the cereal collecting portion c toward the lower transfer spiral device 25 are provided. Thus, a cereal collection chamber 11 is formed. And in order to paste a to-be-dried grain in a machine, part of the grain collection part c right-and-left side board can be opened and closed, and the stretch hopper 26 is formed. The front end of the lower transfer spiral device 25 is connected to the lower portion of the cerealing device 51.

  Hereinafter, the effect | action of the grain dryer 1 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. First, the dried grains stretched from the stretch hopper 26 provided in the cereal collecting part c are transported upward by the lower transfer spiral device 25, the cerealing device 51, and the upper transport spiral device 52. It accumulates in the grain flow downways 4 and 4 of the drying part b, and the storage chamber 2 of the storage part a. Then, when the suction exhaust device 61 is activated, the inside of the machine becomes negative pressure, and the outside air is sucked from the intake ports 12 and 20 before and after the cereal collecting part c to generate dry wind. The generation of dry hot air will be described in detail later. On the other hand, the grain flowing through the grain flow down passages 4, 4 under the constant feeding action of the rotary valves 22, 22 from the storage chamber 2 passes through the porous part of the partition plates 3, 3 ′ while the hot air chamber 5. To the exhaust chambers 6 and 6 are subjected to the heating and drying action of the dry hot air sucked and blown. Exhaust air whose temperature has decreased due to heat exchange in contact with the grains and whose humidity has increased is exhausted from the suction exhaust device 61 through the suction box 62 from the exhaust port 7 at the rear of the exhaust chamber 6 to the outside of the apparatus. The

  The grain from which moisture has been removed by the drying action is fed into the grain collection chamber 11 by a predetermined amount by the rotary valves 22, 22, and is heated while flowing down on the flow guide plates 23, 23. Is further heated by receiving the far-infrared radiant heat. Then, the moisture inside the grain is returned to the upper part of the storage chamber 2 again by the lower transfer spiral device 25, the cerealing device 51, the upper conveying spiral device 52, etc., and reaches the grain flow path 4 of the drying section b. The diffusion action is promoted, and the drying action is repeated until a predetermined moisture value is reached.

  Next, the generation process of dry hot air will be described in detail. The high-temperature combustion hot air obtained by the combustion of the burner 15 provided in front of the hot air cylinder 14 is mixed with a small amount of outside air flowing from the opening on the front surface of the hot air cylinder 14 to become high-temperature hot air, and heats the entire hot air cylinder 14. However, it progresses to the rear and is discharged from the hot air discharge port 18 into the hot air mixing chamber 8 toward the front of the machine body.

  The outside air that has flowed into the front air intake box 13 from the front air inlet 12 is introduced into the hot air mixing chamber 8 from the air outlet 10 while being heated while being in contact with the upper side of the heated hot air cylinder 14. On the other hand, outside air is also introduced into the hot air mixing chamber 8 from the air inlet 10 'through the rear air inlet box 21 through the rear air inlet box 21, and mixed with the hot air blown out from the hot air cylinder 14 described above, A large amount of hot air having a substantially uniform temperature suitable for drying the grains is generated and supplied toward the upper front of the hot air chamber 5.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the temperature of the dry hot air supplied into the hot air chamber 5 can be made uniform, and the far-infrared radiant heat from the heated hot wind tunnel 14 is also received in the cereal collection chamber. Thus, the grain is heated, and the effect of drying the grain efficiently in a short time while suppressing the occurrence of damaged grains such as torso cracking is obtained.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, For example, it can apply also to the grain dryer of the form which provided the grain flow downstream as shown in FIGS. 4-6 in 4 rows.

  4 to 6, one hot air chamber 5, 5 ′ is provided in the center, and two rows are provided on the left and right sides of the wide hot air chamber 5, and two rows are provided on the outside of the grain flow downstream 4 provided. Thus, the exhaust chambers 6 are sandwiched between two rows of grain flow downways 4 and 4 provided on the left and right sides, and are provided in one row on the left and right sides.

  The hot air mixing chamber 8 is provided between the front and rear side plates inside the central hot air chamber 5, and a dry hot air supply port 9 ′ is opened toward the front side plate. Hot air ports 72 and 72 'are opened on the front side plate corresponding to the hot air chambers 5 and 5' on both the center and the left and right sides. A hot air distribution box 71 is provided for distributing and passing the dry hot air blown from the dry hot air supply port 9 ′ to the hot air ports 72, 72 ′. If comprised in this way, the grain dryer which is larger than the Example which provided two rows of grain flow paths, and can dry-process a lot of grains at once can be provided. Other configurations are omitted because they are substantially the same as the embodiment in which two rows of grain flow paths are provided.

Side surface sectional drawing of the grain dryer which shows embodiment of this invention AA sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. BB sectional drawing in FIG. 1 of the drying part of a grain dryer same as the above. Side sectional view of a grain dryer showing an embodiment in which four rows of grain flow paths are provided CC sectional view in FIG. 4 of the drying part and the grain collecting part of the grain dryer as above. DD sectional drawing in FIG. 4 of the drying part of a grain dryer same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

a storage part b drying part c grain collection part 1 grain dryer 2 storage room 3, 3 'partition 4 grain flow downway 5, 5' hot air chamber 6 exhaust air chamber 7 exhaust air outlet 8 hot air mixing chamber 9, 9 ' Dry hot air supply port 10, 10 ′ Ventilation port 11 Grain chamber 12 Front intake port 13 Front intake box 14 Hot air drum 15 Burner 16 Blower fan 17 Combustion cylinder 18 Hot air discharge port 20 Rear intake port 21 Rear intake box 22 Rotary valve 23 Flow guide plate 24 Grain collecting plate 25 Lower transfer spiral device 26 Tension hopper 31 Burner cover 32 Rear intake cover 41 Control device 51 Graining device 52 Upper transport spiral device 53 Rotating diffuser 61 Suction exhaust device 62 Suction box 71 Hot air distribution box 72, 72 'Hot air outlet

Claims (2)

A storage part, a drying part, and a grain collection part are placed in order from the top, and a cerealing device for connecting the grain collection part and the storage part is arranged on one side of the front surface, and suction exhaust air is provided on the rear side of the drying part. In the circulation type grain dryer long in the front-rear direction in which a hot air chamber, a grain flow downway, and an exhaust chamber are formed by a partition plate having a porous hole that can be ventilated is provided in the drying unit, A wide hot air chamber is provided in the center of the direction, and a hot air mixing chamber is provided long in the front and rear of the chamber. The outside air and the burner combustion air are introduced from the rear of the hot air mixing chamber through separate paths, and mixed thoroughly inside. A grain dryer configured to generate dry hot air and supply the dry hot air from the front of the hot air mixing chamber to the hot air chamber,
A front intake box and a rear intake box that communicate with a vent opening that opens below the rear part of the hot air mixing chamber are provided in front and rear of the cereal collecting part. A hot wind tunnel having a substantially U-shaped cross section is provided below, a combustion cylinder of a burner is disposed at the front opening of the hot wind tunnel, and the rear end portion is raised upward while narrowing the cross-sectional area. A grain dryer characterized by protruding and opening a hot air outlet. A far-infrared radiation paint is applied to the bottom and both sides of the outer surface of the hot air wind tunnel provided in the cereal collecting part to make the hot air wind tunnel a far-infrared radiator, and a flow guide plate is provided below the left and right rotary valves downward in the center. 2. A grain dryer according to claim 1 , wherein the flow guide plate is inclined, the flow guide plate is brought close to the vicinity of the outer peripheral bottom portion of the hot wind tunnel, and the tip end portion is extended to the vicinity of the upper portion of the lower transfer spiral device. .

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