JP4019657B2 - Far infrared grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grain dryer in which a far-infrared radiator is arranged in a grain collecting room formed by a grain collecting board for collecting grains on a lower transport device and a porous plate forming a drying passage. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
A circulation type grain dryer that supplies hot air while circulating in the machine to dry the grain is well known.
In addition, a far-infrared radiator with the start side facing the combustion device and the end side facing the rear wall of the dryer is provided in the grain collection room or hot air chamber, and the far-infrared radiator is heated by the combustion device. And the grain dryer which dried the grain with the far infrared rays radiated | emitted from a far-infrared radiator and the hot air by a combustion apparatus is known.
[0003]
As a conventional far-infrared grain dryer, there exists a thing of the patent 3043572 shown in FIG. 5, for example. The dryer 100 is a hollow far-infrared radiator 101 having a proximal end side connected to a combustion device and a discharge side from a side of a take-out tank 103 via a bent nozzle 102. The configuration is such that the hot air for drying is circulated into the take-out tank 103 by mixing and opening the combustion hot air ejected from the bent nozzle 102 and the intake outside air by connecting and opening to the inserted intake cylinder 104 having both ends open.
In such a conventional example, in order to stir and mix the combustion hot air discharged from the far-infrared radiator 101 with the outside air, a space for disposing the bent nozzle 102 and the intake cylinder 104 is required. However, in a conventional dryer in which the transmission portion is provided in the vicinity of the bent nozzle 102, a heat insulating or heat insulating device is necessary. In order not to provide such a device, the transmission portion is not connected to the bent jet. It is necessary to keep away from the barrel 102. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the height of the machine frame including the take-out tank 103.
[0004]
Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-300347 shown in FIG. 6 discloses a heat-resistant plate made of stainless steel or the like near the hot air generator 204 side in the far-infrared radiator 201 in order to make the temperature of the far-infrared radiator 201 uniform. The example which provided the ventilation resistance plates 202 and 203 formed by this is disclosed.
However, the ventilation resistance plate 202 blocks about 50% of the cross section of the ventilation path inside the main cylinder of the far-infrared radiator 201, and the ventilation resistance plate 203 is combined to block about 20%. In this case, it is necessary to increase the required power in order to generate a predetermined air volume because the ventilation resistance in the far-infrared radiator 201 is large.
Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-206016 shown in FIG. 7, a radiation tube 301 that radiates far infrared rays extends from a second heat distribution chamber 303, and the second heat distribution chamber 303 includes a communication tube 304. A configuration in which the first heat distribution chamber 302 and the burner 305 communicate with each other is disclosed.
However, since the first heat distribution chamber 302, the second heat distribution chamber 303, the communication tube 304, and the radiation tube 301 are separated and independent from each other, the far-infrared device becomes large and the height of the aircraft is as low as possible. In the grain dryer which wants to do, there exists a fault that these heat distribution rooms cannot be installed in the grain collection room of the lower part of a dry passage.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional problems. The object of the present invention is to promote the mixing of hot air and outside air by the hot air generator, and to reduce the airflow resistance. By providing a compact far-infrared radiator with less power, there is no need to provide heat insulation or heat shielding means in the transmission configuration, and to provide a grain dryer that can reduce the height of the machine.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, the invention of claim 1 has a storage portion for inserting the grain to be dried formed in the upper part of the box-shaped body, and has a breathable porosity below it. A grain drying passage is formed, the lower end of the grain is installed to face a feeding device that feeds the grain quantitatively, and the grain is placed on the lower part of the center of the machine, and the grain is transported to an elevator installed on the front side of the machine. In a grain dryer equipped with a grain collecting plate to flow down the grain fed from the feeding device to the lower conveying device, one is connected to a burner that generates hot air, and the other is formed in the lower rear part of the machine body the far-infrared radiator communicating with the parts 31, arranged to sit in substantially the same height as its central portion in the front view and the feeding device, wherein the far-infrared radiator, and skewed in the machine body rearwardly downwards And the inclined partition plate 23 which opens the hot-air blower outlet 29 in the terminal end side, and one end are machine Wherein the front suction port 33 that is open toward the front wall, that the cylindrical body 32 and a rear opening 34 which is open at the other end in the middle of the inclined partition plates 23, disposed along the inclined partition plate 23 And
According to the invention of claim 1, since hot air can be ventilated while radiating far-infrared rays to any of the grains flowing down the cereal boards forming the drying passage and cereal collection chamber, drying by far-infrared radiation Longer time can be taken and drying can be promoted.
[0007]
Moreover, the invention of claim 2 forms a storage part into which the grain to be dried is formed in the upper part of the box-shaped body, and a grain drying passage having a breathable porosity below it. A lower part that is shaped like an inverted letter and is installed at the lower end of the machine to face a feeding device that feeds the grain in a fixed amount, and is placed horizontally on the lower part of the center of the machine. In the grain dryer equipped with a grain collecting plate to flow down the grain fed from the feeding device to the conveying device, one is communicated with a burner that generates hot air, and the other is an opening formed in the rear lower part of the machine A far-infrared radiator that communicates with the lower passage device between the drying path on the center side of the machine body ,
The far-infrared radiator includes an inclined partition plate 23 which is inclined obliquely downward from the airframe and opens a hot air outlet 29 on the end side thereof, a front suction port 33 having one end opened toward the front wall of the airframe, A cylindrical body 32 having a rear opening 34 having the other end opened in the middle of the inclined partition plate 23 is provided along the inclined partition plate 23 .
According to the invention of claim 2, as in the invention of claim 1, hot air is ventilated while emitting far-infrared rays to any of the grains that flow down the grain collecting board forming the drying passage and the grain collecting chamber. Can promote drying.
[0008]
Further, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, outside air introduced from the opening on the front wall surface of the fuselage is discharged from the rear opening 34 through the front suction port 33 of the cylindrical body 32 and the opening at the rear of the fuselage. Outside air is also introduced from 31. And the hot air by the combustion apparatus 19 blows upwards from the hot air blower outlet 29, is mixed with the external air attracted | sucked from the back opening part 34 and the opening part 31, is exhausted from the exhaust port 26 of an upper surface, and is utilized for drying of a grain. .
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the grain dryer concerning this invention, FIG. 1 is sectional drawing seen from the front, FIG. 2 is the sectional side view.
The grain dryer 1 shown here is a circulation type dryer for drying grains, and the whole is formed in a box shape. Inside the machine frame 2, a storage chamber 3 and a drying chamber 4 are provided. , A cereal collection chamber 5, a hot air chamber 6, an exhaust air chamber 7, and the like.
The storage chamber 3 is located in the upper stage of the drying unit, and the grain stuck in the machine circulates and is supplied to the storage chamber 3 from above. In the lower part of the storage chamber 3, a pair of left and right exhaust chambers 7 having a rhombus shape in cross section, in which the upper half is made of a sheet metal material 8, 8 and the lower half is made of a breathable plate 9, 9 . Breathable plate members 10 and 10 are provided in parallel with the lower half breathable plate members 9 and 9 to form a drying chamber 4 having a V-shaped cross section sandwiched between the breathable plate member 9 and the breathable plate member 10. Rotary valves 11, 11 are respectively provided at the lower part of the drying chamber 4, and the fed grains from the rotary valve are collected on a chopping board 13 formed in a hopper shape constituting the mashing chamber 5. It is set as the structure which can be transferred to the cereal elevator 14 set up outside the machine with the lower feed spiral 12 installed in the lower part. The hot air that passes through the drying chamber 4 and is used to dry the grains passes through the exhaust chamber 7 and is discharged outside the apparatus. Further, a moisture meter (not shown) for detecting the moisture of the grain and a combustion device 19 for generating hot air are provided.
[0010]
In such a configuration, the grain dryer 1 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the machine body while ventilating hot air generated by the action of the combustion device 19 and the exhaust fan 17 connected to the rear side of the exhaust chamber 7 to the drying chamber 4. The rotary valves 11, 11 that are rotatably arranged feed out the kernels by a fixed amount, and the fed-out grains are collected by the collecting board 13 and transferred by the lower feed spiral 12. Further, the cereal is dried while being circulated such that it is transferred upward by the cereal elevator 14, transferred to the center by the horizontal spiral 18, and supplied to the storage chamber 3 by the stirring blade 15. It is a grain dryer. The grain collection chamber 5 and the drying chamber 4 communicate with each other via the hot air chamber 6. The hot air is divided into the center and the outer side of the hot air chamber 6 by the flow of the wind in the grain collection chamber 5, and each is dried. Sent to chamber 4. The lower arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the main flow direction of hot air. Reference numeral 16 denotes a grain outlet.
[0011]
A box-shaped far-infrared radiator 20 that communicates with the opening 31 formed in the cereal collection chamber 5 with the start side facing the combustion device 19 and the end side formed in the rear lower part of the machine body is provided in the center part of the machine. It is arranged. In the present invention, the far-infrared radiator 20 is disposed so that the central portion thereof is positioned at substantially the same height as the rotary valve 11 in a front view. Alternatively, the far-infrared radiator 20 is disposed between the drying passage on the center side of the machine body and the lower feed spiral 12.
Thereby, hot air can be ventilated while radiating far-infrared rays to any of the grains flowing down on the grain collecting board 13 forming the drying passage and the grain collecting chamber 5. Therefore, it is possible to increase the drying time by far-infrared radiation and promote the drying of the grains.
[0012]
The configuration of the far-infrared radiator 20 will be described in more detail with reference to the perspective view of the far-infrared radiator 20 shown in FIG.
The far-infrared radiator 20 is provided with a slanting partition plate 23 in a cylindrical body 21 having an opening at both ends and a plurality of exhaust ports 26 formed on the upper surface so as to gradually reduce the sectional diameter. The cylindrical body 22 is inserted. The opening 30 on the start end side of the cylindrical body 21 faces the combustion device 19, and the terminal end side communicates with an opening 31 formed in the rear lower part of the fuselage. A hot air outlet 29 is opened on the lower end (terminal) side of the inclined partition plate 23 of the cylindrical body 22. The outer wall surface of the cylinder 21 is formed of a far infrared radiation material. Specifically, a black far-infrared paint is applied to the surface of the outer wall surface of the cylinder 21.
In addition, a plurality of partition plates 24 are installed between the cylindrical body 21 and the cylindrical body 22 at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction. The plurality of partition plates 24 are arranged so as to form every other opening 27 between the lower surface of the inclined partition plate 23 of the cylinder 22 and the opening 28 between the bottom surface of the cylinder 21. Is done.
Further, above the side of the cylinder 22 facing the combustion device 19, one end is directed to the opening of the front wall of the fuselage along the inclined partition plate 23 of the cylinder 22, and the other end is in the middle of the inclined partition plate 23. A cylindrical body 32 having openings 33 and 34 at both ends is provided facing downward.
Furthermore, a cover 25 having a mountain-shaped cross section is provided above the cylindrical body 21.
[0013]
The far-infrared radiator 20 is configured as described above, and the hot air from the combustion device 19 is ventilated with the start side facing the combustion device 19. The hot air sequentially passes through the opening 27 between the partition plate 24 and the lower surface of the inclined partition plate 23 of the cylinder 22 and the opening 28 between the partition plate 24 and the bottom surface of the cylinder 21 in the cylinder 21. To go. Since the openings 27 and the openings 28 are formed alternately, the hot air flows from the front side to the rear side of the cylindrical body 21 while meandering around the partition plate 24. In this way, by generating a detour flow of hot air, the cylindrical body 21 can be heated uniformly, and there is an effect that the radiant heat of far infrared rays can be made uniform.
[0014]
The hot air flowing while meandering between the partition plates 24 is blown upward from the air outlet 29 provided in the inclined partition plate 23, where it is mixed with the outside air sucked from the opening 34 and the opening 31 of the cylindrical body 32. The air is exhausted from the exhaust port 26 on the upper surface and used for drying the grains. In addition, outside air (front outside air wind) introduced from the opening on the front wall surface of the fuselage is discharged from the rear opening 34 of the cylinder 32 through the front suction port 33 of the cylinder 32, and at the rear opening of the fuselage. Outside air (rear outside air wind) is also introduced from 31. As described above, the suction is performed from both the front opening for sucking outside air provided at the front of the machine frame and the rear opening for sucking outside air provided at the rear of the machine frame. It can be easily supplied from the opening, has low airflow resistance, and can provide a dry air volume with little power.
Moreover, since the cover 25 is provided on the upper part of the far-infrared radiator 20, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of dust or the like generated in the machine.
[0015]
By the way, since the temperature in the vicinity of the combustion device 19 of the far-infrared radiator 20 rises, the radiating portion is heated red as it is, or the temperature inside the burner of the combustion device 19 rises, so some heat countermeasure is necessary. Therefore, the temperature of the far-infrared radiator 20 in the vicinity of the burner is lowered by forming a flow path (a) for inflowing the outside air made of, for example, a slit, a perforated plate or a net on the side wall of the far-infrared radiator 20. Further, it is possible to prevent heating of the control box 40 provided above the burner and the combustion device, the peripheral devices 41, the harness, and the like.
[0016]
In addition, a cover plate 35 for heat insulation is provided on the top surface of the grain collecting plate 13 that forms the grain collecting chamber 5, and the cover plate 35 has a portion 35 a that extends from directly below the rotary valve 11 to the lower feed spiral 12. And the portion 35b above the rotary valve 11 is provided with a steep slope away from the cereal collecting plate 13.
If comprised in this way, the foreign material which fell to the steeply inclined part 35b of a cover board will slide down, and will reach directly under the rotary valve 11. FIG. And since the rotary valve 11 forcibly feeds the grain, the impurities flow down to the lower feed spiral 12 together with the grain. For this reason, impurities and grains do not accumulate in the cereal collection chamber 5.
In the above example, the cover plate 35 is configured differently from the cereal collecting plate 13, but the cereal collecting plate 13 may be configured to be steeply inclined at a portion above the rotary valve 11.
[0017]
Next, in relation to the present invention, a drying operation control device for a grain dryer will be described.
Conventionally, when the drying speed is set, the hot air temperature is set and the drying operation is performed from the relationship between the preset drying speed and the hot air temperature, but the initial grain moisture, processing amount, outside air temperature, humidity, etc. Due to the influence, the set drying speed may not always be obtained.
Therefore, a means for setting the drying speed, a means for setting the hot air temperature, a means for measuring the drying operation time, a means for detecting moisture, a means for calculating the drying speed, and a drying speed after completion of drying are stored. And a means for correcting the hot air temperature from the difference between the set drying speed and the drying speed at the end of drying, performing a drying operation based on the drying speed set by the drying speed setting means, and completing the drying Sometimes the drying rate is calculated from the drying operation time and the detected moisture value. The calculated drying speed at the end of drying is stored in a nonvolatile memory (EEPROM) connected to the CPU. When the stored drying speed is different from the preset drying speed, the hot air temperature correcting means controls the hot air temperature at the next drying to be operated based on the drying speed difference. To do.
In this way, control is performed so that the drying speed is stably set even if the grain type and atmospheric conditions during drying are different, and it is possible to prevent wrinkles from occurring in the work plan by the user. .
[0018]
As another example, after the automatic drying is completed with the set moisture, when the drying switch is operated without the discharging operation, it is determined that the “return” of the drying has occurred. Here, means for measuring and storing the additional drying time, and means for correcting the additional drying time and hot air temperature or stop moisture or drying time, the stored value of the additional drying time and the drying time correcting means, From the relationship, the hot air temperature or stop moisture or drying time is added to eliminate drying, for example, the hot air temperature at the time of finishing is reduced, the moisture value reduced by additional drying is stopped, the additional drying time, and the stop condition It is good also as correcting in order to extend within.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As explained in detail above, according to the invention of claim 1, hot air is ventilated while radiating far-infrared rays to any of the grains flowing down on the grain collecting plates forming the drying passage and the grain collecting chamber. Therefore, the drying time by far-infrared radiation can be increased and the drying can be accelerated.
[0020]
Further, according to the invention of claim 2, as in the invention of claim 1, hot air is emitted while radiating far-infrared rays to any of the grains flowing down on the grain collecting plates forming the drying passage and the grain collecting chamber. Can ventilate and promote drying.
[0021]
Further, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention , the outside air introduced from the opening on the front wall surface of the airframe is exhausted from the rear opening 34 through the front suction port 33 of the cylindrical body 32 and the opening on the rear of the airframe. Outside air is also introduced from 31. And the hot air by the combustion apparatus 19 blows upwards from the hot air blower outlet 29, is mixed with the external air attracted | sucked from the back opening part 34 and the opening part 31, is exhausted from the exhaust port 26 of an upper surface, and is utilized for drying of a grain. .
As described above, since the suction is performed from both the front suction port 33 for sucking outside air provided at the front part of the machine frame and the rear opening 31 for sucking outside air provided at the rear part of the machine frame, the required amount of air for drying is reduced. The air can be easily supplied from both the openings, the airflow resistance is small, and the amount of dry air can be obtained with less power.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view seen from the front of a far-infrared grain dryer according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view thereof.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a far-infrared radiator according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view seen from the front of the far-infrared grain dryer.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a conventional example.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another conventional example.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grain dryer 3 Storage chamber 4 Drying chamber 5 Grain collecting chamber 6 Hot air chamber 7 Exhaust chamber 11 Rotary valve 12 Lower feed spiral 19 Combustion device 20 Far-infrared radiator 21, 22 Cylindrical body 23 Inclined partition plate 24 Partition plate 25 Cover 26 Exhaust port 27, 28 Opening

Claims (2)

In the upper part of the machine body formed in a box shape, a storage part for inserting the grain to be dried is formed, below it is formed a drying passage for the grain with air-permeable porosity, and the lower end part is the grain The grain fed from the feeding device flows down to the lower conveying device that is installed to face the feeding device that feeds the fixed amount and is horizontally mounted on the lower part of the center of the machine body. In a grain dryer equipped with a collection board,
A far-infrared radiator that communicates with a burner that generates hot air and communicates with the opening 31 formed at the lower rear of the fuselage so that the center of the far-infrared radiator is located at substantially the same height as the feeding device in front view. Arranged ,
The far-infrared radiator includes an inclined partition plate 23 which is inclined obliquely with the lower back of the fuselage and opens a hot air outlet 29 on the end side thereof,
A cylindrical body 32 including a front suction port 33 having one end opened toward the front wall of the machine body and a rear opening 34 having the other end opened in the middle of the inclined partition plate 23 is provided along the inclined partition plate 23 . A far-infrared grain dryer characterized by that. In the upper part of the machine body formed in a box shape, a storage part for inserting the grain to be dried is formed, and below it, a drying passage for the grain having a breathable porosity is formed in an inverted C shape, The lower end is installed from the feeding device to the lower conveying device which is installed to face the feeding device for quantitatively feeding the grain, and is laid horizontally at the lower center of the machine body, and conveys the grain to the elevator provided on the front side of the machine body. In a grain dryer equipped with a grain collecting plate to flow down
A far-infrared radiator that communicates with one of the burners that generates hot air and the other communicates with an opening 31 that is formed at the lower rear of the aircraft, and is provided between the drying path on the center side of the aircraft and the lower conveyance device ,
The far-infrared radiator includes an inclined partition plate 23 that is inclined downwardly from the rear of the body and opens a hot air outlet 29 on the terminal side thereof,
A cylindrical body 32 including a front suction port 33 having one end opened toward the front wall of the machine body and a rear opening 34 having the other end opened in the middle of the inclined partition plate 23 is provided along the inclined partition plate 23 . A far-infrared grain dryer characterized by that.

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