JP2013036681A - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grain dryer capable of increasing heat recovery efficiency with respect to a quantity of heat generated in a combustion section and suppressing the wasteful consumption of fuel.SOLUTION: The grain dryer includes: a storage section 2 for storing grains; a drying section 5 which is disposed below the storage section 2, makes the grains made to flow from the bottom of the storage section 2 flow downward through the inside of a drying passage 3, and discharges the grains downward from a grain discharge port; a feeding device 14 for feeding the grains from the grain discharge port 4; a lifting/conveying device 16 for lifting and conveying the grains discharged from the drying section 5 and returning them to the storage section 2; and a hot air blowing means which is formed by mixing combustion gas from the combustion section and outside air introduced from the outside, and makes hot air flow while crossing the drying passage 3. A heat exchanger 21 is provided for performing heat exchange between the outside air and exhaust air in order to preheat the outside air by the exhaust air after the hot air crosses the drying passage 3 and is made to flow.

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer for drying grains such as rice, wheat, and soybean, and more specifically, a storage unit for storing grains, and a storage unit disposed below the storage unit. Grain flowing from the bottom flows through the drying passage downward and is discharged downward from the grain outlet, a feeding device for feeding the grain from the grain outlet, and discharged from the dryer A temperature at which warm air, which is a mixture of the lifting and conveying device that lifts and conveys the grain and returns it to the storage unit, and the combustion gas from the combustion unit and the outside air introduced from the outside, flows in a state of crossing the drying passage. The present invention relates to a grain dryer provided with wind blowing means.

  The grain dryer causes the grain stored in the storage part to flow downward through the drying passage and is discharged from the drying part, and then lifted and transported by the lifting and transporting device to return to the storage part. For example, while circulating and transporting grains, dry hot air at a temperature sufficiently higher than the outside air temperature, which is a mixture of combustion gas obtained by burning fuel such as kerosene in the combustion section and outside air introduced from the outside. The grain is dried by flowing in a state of crossing the use passage. In this type of grain dryer, conventionally, the outside air introduced from the outside is directly mixed with the combustion gas from the combustion section to generate hot air, and the hot air generated in a state crossing the drying passage is used. The exhaust gas after flowing and flowing warm air across the drying passage is directly discharged to the outside (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-226583 A

  In the above-mentioned conventional configuration, the outside air introduced from the outside is directly mixed with the combustion gas from the combustion section to generate hot air, so that hot air having a desired temperature necessary for drying grains is generated. Therefore, it is necessary to generate a high-temperature combustion gas in the combustion section, and there is a disadvantage that the consumption of fuel such as kerosene becomes large in order to obtain a high-temperature combustion gas in the combustion section.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a grain dryer capable of obtaining hot air at a desired temperature for drying grain and capable of suppressing fuel consumption in the combustion section. .

  The grain dryer according to the present invention has a storage part for storing grains, and a grain that is disposed below the storage part and flows from the bottom of the storage part, and flows downward through the drying passage. And a drying unit that discharges downward from the grain discharge port, a feeding device that feeds the grain from the grain discharge port, and a lifting conveyance device that lifts and transports the grain discharged from the drying unit and returns it to the storage unit, There is provided hot air blowing means for flowing hot air, which is a mixture of combustion gas from the combustion section and outside air introduced from the outside, in a state of crossing the drying passage. Is that a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the outside air and the exhaust is provided in order to preheat the outside air with the exhaust after the warm air flows across the drying passage.

  That is, the heat exchanger exchanges heat between the exhaust after warm air flows across the drying passage and the outside air introduced from the outside, and the outside air introduced from the outside is preheated by the heat held by the exhaust. That is, the outside air introduced from the outside is preheated by the heat held in the exhaust gas, and then mixed with the combustion gas and flows in a state of crossing the drying passage.

  In other words, as described above, the hot air flowing across the drying passage is sufficiently higher than the outside air temperature to efficiently dry the grains flowing through the drying passage, and thus the drying passage. After flowing across, the exhaust is at a higher temperature than the outside air. Therefore, the outside air is preheated by effectively using the heat of the exhaust.

  In this way, since the outside air introduced from the outside is preheated using the heat of the exhaust gas after flowing through the drying passage, the amount of combustion when the combustion gas is generated in the combustion section can be used effectively. It is possible to reduce the amount of fuel consumption while allowing the temperature of the hot air to be a desired temperature necessary for drying the grains.

  Therefore, according to the first characteristic configuration, there is provided a grain dryer that can suppress the amount of fuel consumed in the combustion section while being able to obtain hot air at a desired temperature to dry the grains. I was able to do it.

  The second characteristic configuration of the present invention is that, in addition to the first characteristic configuration, a dust removing device is provided that performs a dust removing action on the exhaust before flowing into the heat exchanger.

  That is, the dust contained in the exhaust before the warm air flows across the drying passage and then flows to the heat exchanger is removed by the dust removing device, and the dust is removed from the heat exchanger after the dust is removed. Exhaust will be supplied.

  Since the hot air flows across the drying passage through which the grain flows, the hot air flows toward the lower side in the flow direction in a state including fine dust contained in the grain. However, even if it flows to the heat exchanger in a state containing such dust, the dust is removed by the dust removing device before flowing to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is clogged early. Can be prevented.

  In other words, if the exhaust contains dust, it may adhere to the walls inside the heat exchanger as it passes through the exchange passage in the heat exchanger, and the dust accumulates. The heat exchanger may become clogged, but since the dust is removed before it flows to the heat exchanger by the dust removal device, the heat exchanger is clogged early due to the dust contained in the hot air. It is possible to prevent this.

  Therefore, according to the second characteristic configuration, it is possible to prevent the heat exchanger from being clogged at an early stage, and to provide an easy-to-use grain dryer.

  According to a third feature configuration of the present invention, in addition to the first feature configuration or the second feature configuration, the dust removing device is configured by a cyclone dust collector, and the outside air before flowing to the heat exchanger is In order to preheat in the casing of the dust collector, the outside air is configured to flow through the outer peripheral portion of the dust collector.

  That is, since the dust removing device is composed of a cyclone type dust collector, in this dust removing device, the exhaust gas is introduced into the casing of the dust collector and flows in the casing, while the dust contained in the exhaust gas is It is guided by the inner surface of the casing, decelerates and falls downward due to its own weight, and is removed in a state separated from the exhaust. The exhaust is introduced into the casing of the dust collector and flows in the casing, whereby the casing is heated by the heat held by the exhaust.

  And, since the outside air is configured to flow through the outer periphery of the dust collector in order to preheat the outside air before flowing to the heat exchanger in the dust collector casing, when the outside air flows through the outer periphery of the dust collector, The outside air before flowing into the heat exchanger is preheated in the casing heated by the exhaust gas.

  Therefore, according to the third feature configuration, the heat of the exhaust gas is recovered by using the dust removing device for removing the dust contained in the exhaust gas while preventing the heat exchanger from being clogged early. The recovery efficiency when doing so can be increased.

  According to a fourth feature configuration of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first feature configuration to the third feature configuration, the heat exchanger includes an exhaust passage through which the exhaust flows and an outside air passage through which the outside air flows. There is a configuration in which a vertically oriented heat transfer plate is disposed therebetween, and an upper side of the exhaust passage is an inlet side and a lower side is an outlet side.

  That is, the heat exchanger is configured in such a manner that a heat transfer plate in a vertical orientation is disposed between the exhaust passage through which the exhaust flows and the outside air passage through which the outside air flows, so that the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage is arranged. Heat is transferred to the heat transfer plate, and heat is transferred from the heat transfer plate to the outside air flowing in the outside air passage, and heat exchange is performed between the exhaust and the outside air.

  The heat exchanger is configured in such a manner that the upper side of the exhaust passage is the inlet side and the lower side is the outlet side, so that the hot air flows to the heat exchanger after flowing through the drying passage. Flows in from the upper inlet of the exhaust passage and flows out from the lower outlet.

  In this way, the exhaust flows downward in the exhaust passage from the upper side toward the lower side, so that when the dust contained in the exhaust flows in the exhaust passage, both the airflow and the dust flow act on the gravity. Since it is the same as the direction to do, it will be in the state where dust does not collect easily inside a heat exchanger.

That is, the heat exchanger is configured in a form in which a heat transfer plate is disposed between the exhaust passage and the outside air passage. In order to efficiently exchange heat in the heat transfer plate, the exhaust passage and the outside air passage are It will be formed in a narrow space. When exhaust air containing dust flows through such a narrow space, there is a risk of dust adhering and accumulating on the surface of the heat transfer plate in the exhaust passage, but as described above, downward from the upper side to the lower side. Since it flows in the exhaust passage, it becomes difficult for dust to adhere to and accumulate on the surface of the heat transfer plate.
The dust that has passed through the exhaust passage may be stored by a receiving member located on the lower side of the exhaust passage. However, the exhaust air passes between the dust storage location and the lower end of the exhaust passage. Therefore, the stored dust is less likely to adhere to the surface of the heat transfer plate.

  Therefore, according to the fourth characteristic configuration, it has become possible to provide a grain dryer in which the heat exchanger is less likely to be clogged at an early stage due to dust.

  According to a fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention, in addition to any of the first characteristic configuration to the fourth characteristic configuration, a flow path for bypassing the heat exchanger is provided in the flow path of the outside air, and the heat exchanger is A flow state switching means that can be switched between a state in which the outside air flows and a state in which the outside air flows through the bypass passage and a state in which the outside air flows is provided in the flow passage.

  That is, in the normal state where the heat exchanger is installed, the heat exchange between the exhaust and the outside air is performed by the heat exchanger by switching the flow state switching means to the state in which the outside air flows through the heat exchanger. Can be performed satisfactorily. And in the case where the heat exchanger is removed from the mounting location in order to perform maintenance work such as cleaning and inspection of the heat exchanger, the flow state switching means is passed through the bypass passage and the outside air is allowed to flow. By switching to, the outside air can be caused to flow toward the mixing portion with the combustion gas from the combustion portion by allowing the outside air to flow while passing through the bypass passage.

  In the state where the outside air passes through the bypass path, heat exchange by the heat exchanger is not performed, so exhaust heat cannot be used effectively, but outside air introduced from outside is mixed with combustion gas to generate hot air Then, the grain can be dried by flowing across the drying passage.

  Therefore, according to the fifth characteristic configuration, even when the heat exchanger is removed for maintenance work, it is possible to continue the grain drying process and provide an easy-to-use grain dryer. It came to.

  According to a sixth feature configuration of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first feature configuration to the fifth feature configuration, the warm air blowing means blows air against the outside air, and the exhaust air It is in the point provided with the exhaust ventilation fan which blows air.

  That is, the apparatus has an outside air blowing fan that blows air against the outside air and an exhaust air blowing fan that blows air against the exhaust, and is used to dry hot air that is a mixture of combustion gas from the combustion section and outside air introduced from the outside. Since the hot air blowing means is configured to flow while crossing the passage, the internal pressure of the drying passage is set to the same or substantially the same pressure as the atmospheric pressure when the hot air flows while crossing the drying passage. In the state, it becomes possible to make warm air flow.

  In other words, in the case where the hot air blowing means is composed only of the outside air blowing fan that blows air against the outside air, the internal pressure of the drying passage is higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the air is blown by the outside air blowing fan. There is a risk that warm air will leak between the grains in the drying passage and leak out. On the other hand, in the case where the hot air blowing means is composed only of an exhaust fan that blows air against the exhaust, the internal pressure of the drying passage is lower than the atmospheric pressure, and the space between the grains in the drying passage There is a risk that the outside air will be inhaled and the temperature of the hot air will decrease.

  Therefore, according to the sixth feature configuration, the internal pressure of the drying passage is set to atmospheric pressure by including an outside air blowing fan that blows air against the outside air and an exhaust air blowing fan that blows air against the exhaust. With the same or nearly the same pressure as the warm air, the warm air flows between the grains in the drying passage and leaks outside, or passes between the grains in the drying passage. Thus, it is possible to flow the warm air satisfactorily without causing any disadvantages such as inhalation of outside air.

  According to a seventh feature configuration of the present invention, in addition to any one of the first feature configuration to the sixth feature configuration, the grain discharge port is formed in an elongated shape extending along a horizontal direction, and is discharged from the grain discharge port. A transverse conveyor that conveys the grain to be transported is provided below the grain outlet in a state of conveying the grain along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet, and the lifting and conveying device is provided in the transverse conveyor. The grain discharge port and the transverse feed conveyor are provided in a state of lifting and transporting the grain being conveyed, and the one end side in the lateral width direction of the storage unit as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the grain discharge port It is in the point arrange | positioned in the downward equivalent location.

  That is, since the grain outlet is formed in a long shape extending in the horizontal direction, the grain is made to flow little by little per unit length from the grain outlet toward the lower side through the drying passage. However, since it is formed in a long shape, the grain can be efficiently discharged as a whole, and the grain discharged from the grain discharge port can be efficiently conveyed by the transverse conveyor.

By the way, when maintenance clogging such as clogging removal work is performed from the outside of the apparatus due to occurrence of transport clogging at the grain discharge port and the lateral feed conveyor, the work is performed from the outer side in the direction along the horizontal width direction of the storage unit. However, since the grain discharge port and the transverse feed conveyor are arranged at a position corresponding to the lower side on one end side in the lateral width direction of the storage portion as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the grain discharge port, the grain discharge port and the transverse feed conveyor However, it exists in the position where an operator's hand is easy to reach.
As a result, when performing maintenance work such as clogging work, the operator can easily reach the work from the outside of the apparatus.

  Therefore, according to the 7th characteristic structure, when conveyance clogging generate | occur | produced in the grain discharge port and the transverse feed conveyor, it came to provide the grain dryer which becomes easy to perform the maintenance operation | work with respect to conveyance clogging.

  In an eighth characteristic configuration of the present invention, in addition to the seventh characteristic configuration, the heat exchanger is arranged side by side with the transverse feed conveyor as viewed in a direction along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet, It exists in the point arrange | positioned in the downward equivalent location of a storage part.

  That is, since the heat exchanger is arranged in a position corresponding to the lower part of the storage part in a state aligned with the transverse feed conveyor in a direction view along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet, the transverse feed conveyor is arranged in the width direction of the storage part. Since there is a vacant space at the other end side in the lateral width direction, by arranging the heat exchanger using the vacant space effectively, It is possible to deploy the heat exchanger without increasing the external dimensions in the direction.

  Therefore, according to the eighth characteristic configuration, the heat exchanger is provided in a state in which the outside dimension of the whole grain dryer is not increased by utilizing the empty area located at the side portion of the transverse conveyor. Is possible.

The perspective view of a grain dryer. (A) is the cross-sectional top view of the drying part which follows the IIa-IIa line of (b), (b) is the IIb-IIb sectional view taken on the line of (a). (A) is the IIIa-IIIa sectional view taken on the line of FIG.2 (b), (b) is the IIIb-IIIb sectional view taken on the line of FIG.2 (b). (A) is the IVa-IVa sectional view taken on the line of FIG.2 (b), (b) is the IVb-IVb sectional view taken on the line of FIG.2 (b). The ventilation path figure which shows the ventilation state of exhaust air and external air. The perspective view which shows the ventilation state in a heat exchanger. The ventilation path | route figure which shows the ventilation state of the exhaust_gas | exhaustion and external air of another embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a grain dryer according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the grain dryer includes a storage unit 2 that stores grains and a lower part of the storage unit 2 in a substantially box-shaped casing 1 that is rectangular and vertically long in plan view. And a drying section 5 for flowing the grain flowing from the bottom of the storage section 2 downward through the drying passage 3 and discharging the grain downward from the grain discharge port 4. Yes.

  The grain dryer is configured to circulate and transport the grains so that the grains stored in the storage unit 2 flow downward through the drying passage 3 and then return to the storage unit 2. The cereal is dried by flowing the hot air, which is obtained by mixing the combustion gas obtained by burning at 6 and the outside air introduced from outside, in a state of crossing the drying passage 3.

  FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a ventilation path forming portion for supplying warm air to the drying unit 5 in addition to an overall perspective view showing the inside of the housing 1 of the grain dryer. In addition, a perspective view of a portion constituting the drying unit 5, a portion of the drying unit 5, and a ventilation path forming portion after the warm air is discharged from the drying unit 5 is extracted to the left side of the overall perspective view. It is represented by a state.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a), 3 (b) and 4 (a), the drying unit 5 has a pair of drying passages 3 for allowing grains stored in the storage unit 2 to flow downward. A grain fluidizing portion 10 is formed below the pair of drying passages 3 where the grains that have passed through the drying passage 3 join together, and the grains are discharged below the grain fluidizing portion 10. A grain outlet 4 is formed for the purpose. A hot air supply path 8 to which hot air generated as will be described later is supplied is formed in an intermediate portion between the pair of drying paths 3, and the pair of drying paths 3 are arranged in the alignment direction. Exhaust air passages 9 through which the exhaust air after the warm air passes through the respective drying passages 3 are formed in the outer portion.

As shown in FIG. 3B and FIG. 4A, the hot air supply path 8 has an upper surface portion 8A formed in a mountain shape, a vertical surface portion 8B continuous below the upper surface portion 8A, and a bottom surface portion 8C. The upper surface 8A and the bottom surface 8C are formed of a plate body, and the vertical surface portion 8B is formed of a porous body through which warm air passes.
Further, the exhaust ventilation passages 9 on both the left and right sides are formed with a passage so as to be surrounded by an inclined upper surface portion 9A, a vertical surface portion 9B continuous below the upper surface portion 9A, and a bottom surface portion 9C. The upper surface portion 9A and the bottom surface portion 9C are configured by plates, and the vertical surface portion 9B is configured by a porous body so that warm air passes therethrough.

  Under the pair of drying passages 3, a grain flowing portion 10 is formed in which the grains flowing through the drying passages 3 flow while joining, and the bottom surface portion 11 of the grain flowing portion 10 has an oblique posture. The grain discharge port 4 is formed by a lower end portion of the bottom surface portion 11 and a lower end portion of the inclined plate 13 provided at a position facing the bottom end portion.

  The grain outlet 4 is formed in a long shape extending horizontally along the horizontal direction in the drawing of FIG. 2A, that is, the front and back direction of the drawing in FIG. 3B. As shown in FIG. 4B and FIG. 4B, in the vicinity of the grain outlet 4, a feeding roll 14 is provided as a feeding device for feeding out the grain from the grain outlet 4. The feeding roll 14 is formed in a long shape extending over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the grain discharge port 4, and is configured to be able to feed the grain substantially uniformly over substantially the entire region in the longitudinal direction of the grain discharge port 4. . As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 (b) and 4 (b), the grain discharged from the grain outlet 4 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet 4 below the grain outlet 4. A lower screw conveyor 15 as a transverse feed conveyor for transportation is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 3B and 4B, the grain outlet 4 and the lower screw conveyor 15 are arranged in the lateral direction of the storage section 2 as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet 4 (FIG. 3B). ) In the left-right direction of the drawing).

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 (b), and 3, the lifting conveying device that lifts and conveys the grain discharged from the drying unit 5 and returns it to the storage unit 2 at the conveying terminal end of the lower screw conveyor 15. As a bucket-type lifting conveyor 16. That is, the grain that has been laterally conveyed to the conveying terminal end of the lower screw conveyor 15 is supplied to the conveying start end of the lifting conveyor 16, and the grain is lifted and conveyed by the lifting conveyor 16 to the storage unit 2. It is configured to return.

In addition, an upper screw conveyor 17 that conveys the grain lifted and conveyed by the lifting and conveying conveyor 16 along the front-rear direction is provided above the storage unit 2. Further, a leveling unit 17A is also provided for releasing the grains, which are laterally conveyed by the upper screw conveyor 17, in a state of being uniformly dispersed in the storage unit 2, and the storage unit 2 evenly distributes the grains as much as possible. It is comprised so that it can supply in a state.
When a new grain is supplied to the grain dryer, it can be supplied to the conveyance start end of the lifting conveyance conveyor 16 by using a loading hopper (not shown).

  In this grain dryer, as shown in FIG. 5, a combustion section 6 composed of a burner that burns kerosene as fuel and generates combustion gas is provided, and the combustion gas from the combustion section 6 and the outside A hot air blowing means F is provided for flowing the hot air mixed with the outside air introduced from above in a state of crossing the drying passage 3. The warm air blowing means F includes an outside air blowing fan 19 that blows air against the outside air and an exhaust air blowing fan 20 that blows air against the exhaust.

In addition, a heat exchanger 21 for exchanging heat between the outside air and the exhaust gas is provided to preheat the outside air with the exhaust gas after the warm air flows across the drying passage 3, and before the air flows to the heat exchanger 21. A dust removing device J that removes dust from the exhaust is provided. The dust removing device J is constituted by a cyclone type dust collector 22, and is configured such that the outside air flows through the outer peripheral portion of the dust collector 22 in order to preheat the outside air before flowing to the heat exchanger 21 in the casing of the dust collector 22. Has been.
In other words, after the outside air introduced by the blowing action of the outside air blowing fan 19 is blown toward the mixing unit 23 and the outside air flows, the heat exchanger 21 is provided, and after passing through the heat exchanger 21. Outside air is blown toward the mixing unit 23. Also, the warm air flowing across the drying passage 3 is sucked in through the exhaust ventilation passage 9 by the air blowing action of the exhaust blower fan 20, and the exhaust gas is sequentially passed through the cyclone type dust collector 22 and the heat exchanger 21. It is configured to be blown and discharged to the outside after passing through the heat exchanger 21.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, a specific arrangement configuration of each member for configuring the flow of the gas for drying will be described. 1 to 4, the external air blower fan 19 and the exhaust air blower fan 20 are not shown, but the external air blower fan 19 is located outside the housing 1 and connected to the external air inlet 26. The exhaust air blowing fan 20 is provided outside the housing 1 and connected to the exhaust outlet passage 32.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (a) and 2 (b), the hot air supply path 8 and the left and right exhaust ventilation paths 9 are each formed in a long shape along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet 4. A mixing box 25 that forms the mixing unit 23 is provided in a state of being located at one end side in the longitudinal direction of the hot air supply path 8. The mixing box 25 is provided in a space separated from the drying unit 5 by an upper inclined guide plate 43 and a vertical wall 44 at an outer portion on one side in the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet 4 in the drying unit 5. Yes.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 3A and 4B, the combustion unit 6 is installed in the lower part of the mixing box 25, and the outside air supplied through the heat exchanger 21 as described later is installed in the upper part. And the mixing part 23 supplied to the warm air supply path 8 is formed, mixing the hot air generated in the combustion part 6.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, an inclined guide surface 25 a is formed on the upper part of the combustion unit 6 of the mixing box 25, so that the outside air supplied through the heat exchanger 21 is guided toward the combustion unit 6. In addition, the mixing section 23 is formed with a ventilation path 23a formed of a bent path so that a turbulent flow is generated inside. That is, the guide walls 25b and 25c are alternately formed so as to form a substantially S-shaped flow path, and the hot air and the outside air are mixed well.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 (a) and 4 (b), the mixing unit 23 is provided in a state where the internal space communicates with the warm air supply path 8 formed in the drying unit 5. Combustion gas generated in the combustion unit 6 and preheated outside air after being preheated by the heat exchanger 21 are introduced, and hot air mixed with them is supplied to the hot air supply path 8. Yes. The end of the hot air supply path 8 opposite to the longitudinal direction with respect to the communication portion with the mixing portion 23 is closed so that the hot air is not discharged.

  In the mixing box 25, a preheated outside air inlet 27 is formed at a location where the heat exchanger 21 faces to guide the outside air preheated through the heat exchanger 21 to the mixing unit 23.

  The heat exchanger 21 is arranged at a position below the storage unit 2 in a state of being aligned with the lower screw conveyor 15 in the longitudinal direction of the grain discharge port 4. If it adds description, as shown in FIG.3 (b) and FIG.4 (a), the heat exchanger 21 will be utilized using the empty space formed in the downward side of the bottom face part 11 of the diagonal attitude | position in the grain flow part 10. FIG. Is arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (b) and FIG. 3 (a), the mixing box 25 is an opposite side along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet 4, and at a place facing the heat exchanger 21, An outside air introduction port 26 for introducing outside air from the outside is formed, and the outside air is introduced from the outside air introduction port 26 and supplied to the heat exchanger 21 through the outside air flow path 36.

  Next, the configuration of the heat exchanger 21 will be described. This heat exchanger 21 has a configuration in which a metal heat transfer plate 21C in a vertical orientation is disposed between an exhaust passage 21A through which exhaust flows and an outside air passage 21B through which outside air flows, and the exhaust passage 21A. The upper side is the inlet side and the lower side is the outlet side.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the heat exchanger 21 is provided with a plurality of heat transfer plates 21 </ b> C spaced apart, and an exhaust passage 21 </ b> A through which exhaust flows is formed at one side of the heat transfer plate 21 </ b> C. The outside air passage 21B through which the outside air flows is formed at the other side, and the exhaust and the outside air flow in a state where heat exchange is possible and the compartments are separated from each other via the heat transfer plate 21C. It is configured.
The heat exchanger 21 functions as a sensible heat exchanger that recovers sensible heat contained in the exhaust and heats the outside air. Not only the sensible heat contained in the exhaust gas but also latent heat may be recovered. However, it is configured so that moisture (moisture) in the exhaust does not move to the outside air.

  The upper side of the exhaust passage 21A is the inlet side, and the lower side is the outlet side. When the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust passage in the heat exchanger 21, it passes downward. Even when dust is contained in the heat exchanger 21, there is little possibility that dust will stay inside the heat exchanger 21, and it is possible to prevent clogging at an early stage.

  As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (b) and FIG. 4 (a), the lower side of the bottom surface portion 11 of the grain fluidizing section 10 is placed at a location corresponding to the end of the heat exchanger 21 on the outside air inlet 26 side. A partition member 28 having a substantially triangular shape as viewed in the front-rear direction in a partitioned state is provided. As shown in FIG. 4A, the partition member 28 includes an outside air inlet hole 29 for introducing outside air into the heat exchanger 21. An exhaust inlet hole 30 for introducing exhaust gas is formed.

  Further, in a position corresponding to the end of the heat exchanger 21 opposite to the outside air inlet 26 side, the space between the bottom surface portion 11 of the grain flow portion 10 and the heat exchanger 21 is partitioned in the front-rear direction. A substantially triangular partition member 31 is provided, and the upper space K of the heat exchanger 21 is partitioned, and the upper space K functions as an exhaust flow path. An exhaust outlet passage 32 is formed below the heat exchanger 21 to exhaust the exhaust discharged from the lower side of the exhaust passage 21A to the outside.

  At the lower part of the heat exchanger 21, a receiving tray 33 for collecting the condensed water generated in the heat exchanger 21 is provided, and the exhaust water is passed along the upper side of the receiving tray 33, so that the condensed water Can be included in the exhaust and discharged to the outside.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (a), 2 (b), an upper inclined guide plate is provided at an outer location on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet 4 in the drying unit 5 (the side opposite to the mixing box 25). 45 and the vertical wall portion 46 are separated from the drying unit 5, and a combined exhaust passage 24 is formed in communication with each of the pair of exhaust ventilation passages 9, and exhaust air taken in from the pair of exhaust ventilation passages 9 is formed. After merging in the merged exhaust passage 24, the cyclone type dust collector 22 is supplied through the inlet side communication passage 34. Further, the exhaust gas output from the upper center of the cyclone type dust collector 22 passes through the heat exchanger 21 via the outlet side communication passage 35 and the space K on the upper side of the heat exchanger 21, and then is discharged to the outside. It is configured.

  Although not shown, the cyclone type dust collector 22 joins in the merged exhaust passage 24 and then introduces exhaust gas supplied through the inlet side communication passage 34 into the casing 22A of the dust collector 22 so that the inside of the casing 22A is turned. The dust contained in the exhaust gas is dropped by its own weight due to friction with the casing 22A and is removed in a state separated from the exhaust gas.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 2B and 3A, the outside air flows through the outer peripheral portion of the dust collector 22 in order to preheat the outside air before flowing into the heat exchanger 21 in the casing 22 </ b> A of the dust collector 22. It is configured as follows. That is, the dust collector 22 is disposed in a state where the casing 22 </ b> A is positioned in the outside air flow path 36 formed between the outside air inlet 26 and the heat exchanger 21.

  With this configuration, the casing 22A of the dust collector 22 is heated by the heat of the exhaust, and the outside air is heated by the heated casing 22A, and the outside air is preheated by effectively using the heat held by the exhaust. Can be done.

  Although not described in detail, this grain dryer is equipped with a moisture measuring device that measures the moisture of the circulated and conveyed grain, and based on the measurement result of the moisture measuring device, when the moisture is high than when it is low Change and adjust the circulating circulation amount of the grain so as to increase the conveyance amount, or change and adjust the blowing capacity of the hot air by the hot air blowing means F so that the blowing capacity is increased when the moisture is high than when it is low. I am doing so.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the above embodiment, the exhaust after the warm air flows across the drying passage 3 always passes through the heat exchanger 21, but instead of such a configuration, in the outside air flow path 36, A bypass state 40 for bypassing the heat exchanger 21 is provided, and a flow state switching means K that can be switched between a state in which the outside air flows through the heat exchanger 21 and a state in which the outside air flows through the bypass 40. It is good also as a structure equipped with the flow path of outside air.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the outside air flow path 36 is halfway through the outside air flow path leading from the outside air introduction port 26 to the heat exchanger 21 and outside air flowing from the heat exchanger 21 to the mixing unit 23. A bypass path 40 is formed in each of the midpoints of the flow path, and the branch path of the bypass path 40 passes through the heat exchanger 21 and flows the outside air and the bypass path 40 passes the outside air. It is the structure provided with the flow-path switching mechanism 41 as a flow state switching means switchable to the state made to flow, respectively.

  As the flow path switching mechanism 41, for example, the outside air inlet hole 29 formed in the partition member 28 can be switched to a closed state by a shield (not shown), and the bypass path 40 is formed below the heat exchanger 21. Various configurations such as a cylinder body (not shown) that can be switched between a state in which the bypass path 40 is closed by a shielding body (not shown) and a state in which the shielding body is removed and the bypass path 40 is opened. May be implemented.

If comprised in this way, in order to perform maintenance work, such as cleaning and inspection of the heat exchanger 21, even if it is a case where the heat exchanger 21 is removed from the attachment location, the outside air is ventilated through the bypass passage 40. Can dry the grain.
And the exhaust may be made to ventilate the part where the heat exchanger 21 is mounted as it is, and, similarly to the outside air, it is provided with an exhaust bypass path and a flow path switching mechanism separately, It is good also as a structure which switches a switching mechanism to the state which flows through the bypass path for exhaust_gas | exhaustion.

(2) In the above embodiment, the heat exchanger 21 and the dust removing device J are provided. However, for example, the cyclone dust collector 22 is used as the dust removing device J, and the cyclone dust collector is used. 22 may be configured to also serve as a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the outside air and the exhaust.

(3) In the above embodiment, the lower screw conveyor 15 is configured to be disposed at a position corresponding to the lower side on one end side in the lateral width direction of the storage portion 2 as viewed in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet 4. Instead of such a configuration, a configuration may be adopted in which the storage portion 2 is disposed in the center in the lateral width direction as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the grain discharge port 4.

(4) In the above embodiment, the combustion unit 6 is composed of a burner that burns kerosene to generate combustion gas. For example, a combustion device that uses heavy oil as fuel, natural gas, propane gas, etc. Various types of combustion devices, such as a combustion device using as a fuel, can be used.

(5) In the above embodiment, a pair of drying passages 3 are provided on both the left and right sides, but three or more drying passages 3 may be provided.
Further, in the above embodiment, the grain flowing portion 10 where the grains merge is formed below the drying passage 3, but the grains flowing in the drying passage 3 in this way are below the drying passage 3. It is good also as a structure which flows to the grain discharge port 4 as it is, without confluence | merging by the side, and it is good also as a structure which warms the hot air | flow over the long range up and down by lengthening the drying path 3 up and down. .

(6) In the above embodiment, a method using a hot air type drying method in which hot air mixed with the entire amount of combustion gas generated in the combustion unit 6 and outside air introduced from the outside is supplied to the drying passage 3 is shown. However, instead of such a configuration, for example, the combustion gas generated in the combustion unit 6 is supplied to the far-infrared radiator, and the far-infrared rays generated from the surface of the far-infrared radiator are irradiated to the grain. In addition, a far-infrared drying method may be used in which hot air, which is a mixture of the combustion gas supplied to the far-infrared radiator and the outside air, is supplied to the drying passage 3.

The present invention comprises a storage section for storing grain, and a drying section for flowing the grain flowing from the bottom of the storage section downward through the drying passage and discharging the grain downward from the grain outlet. The present invention can be applied to a grain dryer in which warm air, which is a mixture of gas and outside air, flows in a state of traversing a drying passage to dry grains.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Storage part 3 Drying path 4 Grain discharge port 5 Drying part 6 Combustion part 14 Feeding apparatus 15 Side feed conveyor 16 Lifting conveyance apparatus 19 Outside air blowing fan 20 Exhaust air blowing fan 21 Heat exchanger 21A Exhaust path 21B Outside air path 21C Transmission Heat plate 22 Dust collector 22A Casing 36 Flow path 40 Bypass path 41 Flow state switching means F Hot air blowing means J Dust removing device

Claims (8)

A storage section for storing grain;
A drying unit disposed below the storage unit and flowing from the bottom of the storage unit to flow downward through the drying passage and to discharge downward from the grain outlet;
A feeding device for feeding out the grain from the grain outlet;
A lifting and conveying device that lifts and conveys the grain discharged from the drying unit and returns it to the storage unit;
A grain dryer provided with hot air blowing means for flowing hot air mixed with combustion gas from the combustion section and outside air introduced from the outside in a state of crossing the drying passage,
A grain dryer provided with a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the outside air and the exhaust in order to preheat the outside air by exhaust after the warm air flows across the drying passage.   The grain dryer according to claim 1, further comprising a dust removing device that removes dust from the exhaust gas before flowing into the heat exchanger. The dust removing device is constituted by a cyclone type dust collector,
The grain dryer according to claim 2, wherein the outside air flows through an outer peripheral portion of the dust collector so as to preheat the outside air before flowing into the heat exchanger in a casing of the dust collector.   The heat exchanger has a configuration in which a heat transfer plate in a vertical orientation is disposed between an exhaust passage through which the exhaust flows and an outside air passage through which the outside air flows, and an upper side of the exhaust passage is an inlet The grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grain dryer is configured in such a manner that the lower side is the outlet side. The outside air flow path is equipped with a bypass path that bypasses the heat exchanger,
The flow path is equipped with a flow state switching means capable of switching between a state in which the outside air flows through the heat exchanger and a state in which the outside air flows through the bypass path. The grain dryer of any one of -4.   The grain according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the warm air blowing means includes an outside air blowing fan that blows air against the outside air and an exhaust air blowing fan that blows air against the exhaust. Dryer. The grain outlet is formed in a long shape extending along the horizontal direction,
A transverse feed conveyor for conveying the grains discharged from the grain outlet, equipped below the grain outlet in a state of conveying the grains along the longitudinal direction of the grain outlet;
The lifting and conveying device is provided in a state that lifts and conveys the grains conveyed by the transverse feeding conveyor,
The said grain discharge port and the said transverse feed conveyor are arrange | positioned in the downward equivalent location of the one end side of the horizontal width direction of the said storage part by the direction view along the longitudinal direction of the said grain discharge port. 2. The grain dryer according to claim 1.   The grain according to claim 7, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged at a position corresponding to a lower part of the storage unit in a state of being aligned with the transverse feed conveyor in a lateral direction along the longitudinal direction of the grain discharge port. Dryer.

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