JP4330325B2 - Waste plastic oil making equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste plastic oil converting apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As described in JP-A-5-263079, in a waste plastic oil converting apparatus for carbonizing waste plastic and condensing the dry distillation gas into oil, a screw covered with a heat-resistant material in a heating furnace A conveyor and a hook are arranged. The heating furnace is provided with a burner at the lower part of the furnace chamber, the screw conveyor and the kettle in the furnace chamber are heated by the combustion heat of the burner, and waste air of 350 to 700 ° C is generated in the flue communicated with the upper part of the furnace chamber. It has been discharged.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-263079 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to this conventional waste plastic oil converting apparatus, the hot air heated by the burner temporarily comes into contact with the screw conveyor or the shuttle, so that there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is extremely low.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic oil converting apparatus that solves the problems of the prior art and enables the waste plastic to be efficiently carbonized.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, a waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to the present invention includes a heating furnace comprising an inner and outer double pipe, a pump for pushing waste plastic into one end of the inner pipe of the heating furnace, and an outer pipe of the heating furnace. A technical means is provided that includes a hot stove connected to the other end of the outer pipe and an exhaust passage for leading the waste wind from one end of the outer tube.
[0007]
According to this, since the hot air supplied to the outer tube from the hot stove flows through the entire length of the outer tube, it contacts the inner tube. Compared with the time of contact across the top and bottom, each stage becomes longer, and the amount of heat transferred from the hot air to the inner pipe is significantly increased.
[0008]
As a result, according to the present invention, the ratio of the amount of heat transmitted to the waste plastic in the inner pipe with respect to the amount of heat of the hot air generated in the hot air furnace, that is, the thermal efficiency can be increased in each stage.
[0009]
By the way, the pump of the present invention only needs to be configured so that the waste plastic can be pushed into one end of the inner pipe. For example, a piston pump can be adopted, but the waste plastic is continuously applied to the inner pipe at a certain pressure or higher. A screw pump that can be pushed in is preferred.
[0010]
In the present invention, the position where the waste plastic is gasified while moving from one end of the inner pipe to the other end depends on the composition of the waste plastic, but the other end can be determined by appropriately designing the length of the inner and outer double pipes. It is possible to completely change to gas and carbon before reaching the point.
[0011]
Therefore, in the present invention, the gas component and the carbon can be separated by providing a reflux device that is connected to the other end of the inner pipe and separates the gas component and the carbon.
[0012]
The method for separating the gas and carbon is not particularly limited. For example, a method for separating the gas and carbon by utilizing the inertia of the carbon by turning the flow direction of the gas containing carbon (inertia separation method). ), A method of separating the gas and carbon using the weight of carbon (gravity separation method), or an electric dust collection method. In addition to this, it is possible to employ a method of filtering carbon using a filter (filtering method), but in this case, a measure for eliminating clogging of the filter is required.
[0013]
The carbon separated by this reflux device may be discarded, but when the carbon separated by this reflux device is refluxed to the screw pump and blended with the waste plastic to be treated at a predetermined ratio, the carbon is stored with heat. Since the temperature in the inner tube can be increased, the thermal efficiency can be further increased.
[0014]
Further, since the waste wind discharged from the one end of the outer pipe to the flue is at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher, a hopper for introducing waste plastic into the screw pump is provided, and a part of the flue is hopper If the waste plastic in the hopper is preheated by the waste wind flowing through the flue, the exhaust heat can be used effectively and the thermal efficiency can be further increased.
[0015]
By the way, the gas component separated by the reflux device contains a super-heavy component having a vaporization temperature (condensation temperature) of 400 ° C. or higher, and the gas component is easily condensed in the subsequent processing. May be narrowed.
[0016]
Therefore, it is preferable to provide a super heavy oil separator that separates and recovers the super heavy component in the flow path for the gas derived from the reflux device so that the super heavy component does not flow downstream thereof.
[0017]
This super heavy component can be further thermally decomposed, so it must be mixed with carbon and waste plastic separated by the reflux device and pushed again into the inner tube by the screw conveyor to cause thermal decomposition, thereby lowering the vaporization temperature. Is preferred.
[0018]
In the present invention, a condenser is provided for condensing the oil separated by the reflux device into oil. The structure of this condenser is not particularly limited, and a surface condenser in which the gas component and the cooling agent indirectly exchange heat through the metal surface may be used, or mixed condensation in which the gas component and the cooling agent are in direct contact with each other. Although a vessel may be used, it is preferable to use a surface condenser in order to avoid mixing oil and moisture.
[0019]
Since the gas components separated by the reflux device contain components with different condensation temperatures, for example, the temperature is lowered in three stages according to the condensation temperature, and heavy oil with a high condensation temperature and the condensation temperature is lower than that. It is preferable to divide and condense into medium oil and light oil with a lower condensation temperature (fractional distillation).
[0020]
Here, the cooling agent used for the capacitor is not particularly limited, and for example, brine can be used. However, in order to reduce costs, it is preferable to use hot water, air, cold water, or the like.
[0021]
For example, a condenser that condenses the gas component separated by the reflux device includes a heavy oil condenser that condenses heavy oil with warm water from the gas component led from the reflux device, and warm air from the gas component from which heavy oil is separated. It is preferable to include a medium oil condenser that condenses the medium oil and a light oil condenser that condenses the light oil with water from the gas component from which the heavy oil and the medium oil are separated.
[0022]
The gas component also includes components that are not condensed by the condenser, and the components that are not condensed are discharged from the condenser as off-gas. Since this off gas is flammable, the fuel consumption of the hot stove can be reduced when it is introduced into the hot stove and burned.
[0023]
The off-gas may flow directly from the condenser to the hot stove. However, it is preferable to remove the dust by submerging the water smoke and to make it flow into the hot stove after purification by contacting with the catalyst.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the heating furnace and hot air furnace of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the entire embodiment.
[0025]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to this embodiment includes a heating furnace 1, a hot air furnace 2 that supplies hot air of 700 to 1400 ° C. to the heating furnace 1, A hopper 3 for supplying waste plastic to the heating furnace 1 and a screw pump 4 are provided. The heating furnace 1 includes an inner pipe 5 having both ends opened and an outer pipe 6 having both ends closed. The screw pump 4 is connected to one end.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 1, the inner pipe 5 is provided with flow guide vanes 9 for giving a swirl component to the flow of waste plastic moving from one end to the other end as necessary. Accordingly, the waste plastic moves while spirally turning in the inner tube 5 from one end of the inner tube 5 toward the other end.
[0027]
The hot air furnace 2 includes a burner 7 made of, for example, a gas burner, and the air sent into the furnace chamber 8 is heated by the burner 7 with a combustion flame of the burner 7, thereby hot air heated to, for example, 700 ° C. to 800 ° C. Hot air is sent to the other end of the outer tube 6.
[0028]
The inner surface of the outer tube 6 (and / or the outer surface of the inner tube 5) is provided with at least one air guide vane 10 that imparts a swirl component to the hot air flowing from the other end to the other end in the outer tube 6. Since the other end of 6 is communicated with the atmosphere via the flue 11, the hot air sent to the other end of the outer tube 6 is guided by the air guide plate 10 and spirals around the inner tube 5. It flows toward one end of the outer tube 6 while swirling in a shape, and is diffused into the atmosphere through the flue 11.
[0029]
Further, by disposing a part of the flue 11 in the hopper 3, the waste plastic in the hopper 3 is preheated.
[0030]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the deodorizer 12 and the exhaust fan 13 are interposed in this flue 11, and the chimney 14 is provided in the terminal.
[0031]
The waste plastic put into the hopper 3 is preheated to about 80 ° C. in the hopper 3 and pushed into the inner pipe 5 by the screw pump 4, moving while spirally turning from one end of the inner pipe 5 to the other end. Heated by hot air flowing while spirally swirling around the outside of the inner tube 5. As a result, the waste plastic gradually becomes high temperature, pyrolyzes and gasifies from the one having a low pyrolysis temperature, and finally is heated to 450 ° C. or more, and a part of carbon contained in the pyrolyzed component is liberated.
[0032]
As described above, when the hot air is continuously contacted from the other end to the one end of the inner tube 5, the contact time between the hot air and the inner tube 5 can be lengthened, and is conducted to the waste plastic through the inner tube 5. Since the amount of heat can be increased in each stage, the thermal efficiency is increased in each stage, and the waste plastic can be gasified in a short time.
[0033]
In particular, in this embodiment, the hot air is brought into contact with the inner tube 5 while spirally swirling from the other end to the other end of the inner tube 5, so that the contact time between the hot air and the inner tube 5 is further increased, and the thermal efficiency is further increased. As a result, the processing time is shortened.
[0034]
Further, in this embodiment, the waste plastic flowing with the flue 11 is preheated to increase the heat utilization rate, so that the overall thermal efficiency is further increased and the processing time is further shortened.
[0035]
Further, in this embodiment, a guide vane 9 is provided in the inner tube 5 to give a swirling component to the flow of waste plastic, and the other end of the inner tube 5 while the waste plastic swirls in the inner tube 5 spirally. Therefore, the contact time between the inner tube 5 and the waste plastic becomes longer, the thermal efficiency is further improved, and the processing time is further shortened.
[0036]
Here, the shortening of the processing time means that the staying time of the waste plastic in the inner pipe 5 can be shortened. Accordingly, the screw pump 4 can be set at a low press-fitting capacity to reduce the size and cost of the screw. Effects such that the pump 4 can be used and the length of the heating furnace 1 can be shortened to be reduced in size are brought about.
[0037]
As shown in FIG. 1, the heating furnace 1 is provided with, for example, six thermometers 15 for detecting the temperature in the inner pipe 5 and one furnace pressure gauge 16 for detecting the pressure in the inner pipe 5. In addition, a bomb door 17 is provided for preventing the internal pressure of the hot stove 2 or the outer tube 6 from explosively rising, but these are not essential to the present invention.
[0038]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tower-like reflux device 18 is connected to the other end of the inner tube 5, and the gas and carbon produced by dry distillation are extruded into the reflux device 18. The Since the carbon generated in the inner pipe 5 is pushed into the reflux device 18 by waste plastic pushed by the screw pump 4 or already produced carbon, there is a possibility that carbon accumulates in the inner pipe 5 and blocks the flow of the waste plastic. In addition, there is no possibility that the processing capacity is lowered due to carbon deposition.
[0039]
The gas component extruded into the reflux device 18 and the carbon are separated by gravity separation, and the carbon is dropped into the carbon collection container 20 and collected by opening a valve 19 provided at the lower portion of the reflux device 18.
[0040]
A duct 21 of an air conveyor is connected to the bottom of the carbon collection container 20, and carbon is sucked out from the carbon collection container 20 into the duct 21 and dropped into the hopper 3.
[0041]
The amount of carbon dropped from the duct 21 to the hopper 3 is set to 10 to 25% by weight of the waste plastic dropped to the hopper 3, and the carbon is stored in the heating furnace 1 to thermally decompose the waste plastic. To help.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 2, the gas component separated by the reflux device 18 is guided to the super heavy oil separator 22 from the top of the reflux device 18, and is condensed by the super heavy oil separator 22 with a high heat of 400 ° C. or more, for example. Super heavy oil is separated.
[0043]
Part of this super heavy oil is introduced into the hopper 3 and added to the waste plastic, for example, and the other part is introduced into the carbon recovery container 20 of the reflux device 18 and mixed with the carbon, and further along with the carbon via the duct 21. It is led to the hopper 3 and added to the waste plastic. Then, it is pushed into the inner tube 5 by the screw pump 4 together with the waste plastic, and is thermally decomposed again to become a gas component having a condensation temperature lower than 400 ° C.
[0044]
The gas component from which the super heavy oil has been removed by the super heavy oil separator 22 is guided to the condenser 23, and the heavy oil is condensed and separated by the heavy oil condenser 24 in the first stage of the condenser 23. The medium oil is condensed and separated by the two-stage medium oil condenser 25, and the light oil is condensed and separated by the third stage light oil condenser 26.
[0045]
The gas temperature of the heavy oil condenser 24 is set to, for example, 370 to 400 ° C., and a heavy oil is condensed by surface condensation by taking a hot water shower of, for example, 80 ° C. on a pipe through which the gas is circulated. The condensed heavy oil is recovered by a trap connected to a pipe and stored in a heavy oil recovery container 27.
[0046]
The gas temperature of the medium oil condenser 25 is set to 200 ° C., for example, and hot air of, for example, 50 to 60 ° C. is blown to the pipe through which the gas component is circulated to remove the heavy oil from the gas component from which the heavy oil has been removed by surface condensation. Condensate oil. The condensed medium oil is recovered by a trap connected to a pipe, purified by the catalyst device 28, and then stored in a medium oil recovery container 29.
[0047]
The gas temperature of the light oil condenser 25 is set to, for example, 100 ° C., and a cold water shower of, for example, 15 to 25 ° C. is put on a pipe through which a gas component is circulated to condense by surface condensation. The condensed light oil is recovered by a trap connected to a pipe, refined by a catalyst device 30 and then stored in a light oil recovery container 31.
[0048]
The gas component that has not been condensed by the light oil condenser 26 is guided to the gas cleaning device 32, cooled to an appropriate temperature by the cold water shower 33, purified by contacting with the catalyst 34, and then the hot stove 2 as off gas. The furnace chamber 8 is supplied and burned. Thereby, since the calorie | heat amount of the hot stove 2 increases, the fuel consumption of the burner 7 can be reduced.
[0049]
The water discharged from the cold water shower 33 of the gas cleaning device 34 into the gas cleaning device 32 is recovered in the water recovery container 35 and finally discarded.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to the present invention includes a heating furnace composed of an inner and outer double pipe, a screw pump for pushing the waste plastic into one end of the inner pipe of the heating furnace, and an outer pipe of the heating furnace. A hot blast furnace connected to the other end of the outer pipe, and a flue for leading the waste wind from one end of the outer pipe, so that the hot air supplied from the hot blast furnace to the outer pipe is The effect of contacting the inner tube while flowing over the entire length and heating the inner tube for a long time is obtained.
[0051]
And by this effect | action, the ratio of the amount of heat transmitted to the waste plastic with respect to the amount of heat of the hot air generated in the hot stove, that is, the effect that the thermal efficiency can be enhanced at each stage can be obtained.
[0052]
In addition, due to this effect, the effect of shortening the carbonization process time of waste plastic and increasing the processing capacity, and the effect of shortening the length of the heating furnace and reducing the size of the entire apparatus can be obtained. be able to.
[0053]
In particular, in the present invention, if a wind guide vane that provides the hot air with a swirl component that swirls around the inner tube is provided in the outer tube, the path length of the hot air flowing from the other end of the outer tube to one end can be increased. As a result, the contact time between the hot air and the inner tube becomes longer, and the effect of further improving the thermal efficiency can be obtained.
[0054]
Further, in the present invention, if a flow guide vane that imparts a swirl component to the flow of waste plastic in the inner pipe is provided and the waste plastic moves in a spiral manner from one end to the other end of the inner pipe, The contact time between the pipe and the waste plastic becomes longer, the amount of heat transferred from the inner pipe to the waste plastic becomes larger, and the effect of further increasing the thermal efficiency can be obtained.
[0055]
Furthermore, in the present invention, a hopper for introducing waste plastic into the screw pump is provided, and a part of the flue is disposed in the hopper, and the waste plastic in the hopper is preheated by the waste air flowing through the flue. If comprised so, the effect that heat efficiency can be used still more effectively and thermal efficiency can be raised further can be acquired.
[0056]
By the way, in the present invention, a reflux device connected to the other end of the inner pipe and separating the gas and carbon is provided, and when the carbon separated by the reflux device is refluxed to the screw pump, Since heat can be stored in carbon to reduce heat dissipation, it is possible to obtain an effect that the capacity of the hot stove can be set low and the hot stove can be made small and inexpensive.
[0057]
Here, a condenser for condensing the gas component separated by the reflux device is provided, and the condenser condenses the heavy oil with hot water from the gas component led from the reflux device, and the heavy oil. When equipped with a medium oil condenser that condenses medium oil from the separated gas with warm air and a light oil condenser that condenses light oil with water from the gas separated from heavy oil and medium oil, In addition, it is possible to obtain three grades of medium and light oils, and the use of inexpensive cooling agents such as hot water, air, and cold water as the cooling agent for the condenser can provide the effect of reducing running costs. .
[0058]
Further, if the off-gas separated by condensing oil from the gas separated by the reflux device is guided to the hot stove and burned, the fuel efficiency of the hot stove can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating furnace 2 Hot air furnace 3 Hopper 4 Screw pump 5 Inner pipe 6 Outer pipe 9 Flow guide blade 10 Wind guide blade 11 Flue 18 Dry distillation apparatus 23 Capacitor 24 Heavy oil condenser 25 Medium oil condenser 26 Light oil condenser

Claims (6)

A heating furnace comprising an inner and outer double pipe, a pump for pushing waste plastic into one end of the inner pipe of the heating furnace, a hot stove connected to the other end of the outer pipe of the heating furnace, and one end of the outer pipe With a flue to derive waste wind from
A hopper for introducing waste plastic into the pump is provided,
A waste plastic oil converting apparatus, wherein a part of the flue is disposed in a hopper, and waste plastic in the hopper is preheated by waste wind flowing through the flue.   The waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a wind guide vane for providing a swirl component that swirls around the inner pipe to a flow of hot air in the outer pipe.   The waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a guide vane that imparts a swirl component to the flow of waste plastic in the inner pipe. Connected to the other end of the inner tube, a reflux apparatus for separating a gas component and carbon provided, any one of claims 1 to 3 carbon separated in the reflux device, characterized in that recirculates to the pump The waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to Item 1. A condenser for condensing the gas component separated by the reflux device is provided, and the capacitor separates the heavy oil from the heavy oil capacitor that condenses the heavy oil with hot water from the gas component led from the reflux device. and fuel oil condenser in condensing the medium fuel oil from a gas fraction by hot air, according to claim 4, the gas component separated heavy oil and medium fuel oil and a light oil condenser for condensing the light oil by water Waste plastic oil converting equipment. The waste plastic oil converting apparatus according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the off-gas separated by condensing oil from the gas separated by the reflux device is guided to the hot air furnace and burned.

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