CN101280201A - Full cycle dry distillation process and system for producing shale oil from oil shale (coal) - Google Patents
Full cycle dry distillation process and system for producing shale oil from oil shale (coal) Download PDFInfo
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- CN101280201A CN101280201A CNA2008100285119A CN200810028511A CN101280201A CN 101280201 A CN101280201 A CN 101280201A CN A2008100285119 A CNA2008100285119 A CN A2008100285119A CN 200810028511 A CN200810028511 A CN 200810028511A CN 101280201 A CN101280201 A CN 101280201A
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Abstract
The invention provides a full cycle dry distillation process and a system which use oil shale (coal) to produce shale oil; the technological process includes that the distillation of the oil shale is processed in an oil shale distillation system which is composed of an oil shale input storage tank, a non-oxygen coal-gas heating retort and a semi-coke discharge device to generate pyrogenous coal gas and the semi-coke; the pyrogenous coal gas is separated and purified by a pyrogenous coal gas multi-stage purifying system composed of a coal gas collecting pipe, an oil-washing tower, an intercooling tower and an electrical oil trap; the obtained coal gas is preheated by a coal gas preheating system composed of a fluidized bed combustion furnace, a spiral feeder and a duster collector and then is fed into the non-oxygen coal-gas heating retort for the dry distillation of the oil shale; the oil product separated from the oil-washing tower, the intercooling tower and the electrical oil trap is purified and collected through an oil product purifying and collecting system so that the shale oil product is obtained; the semi-coke and the sludge generated during the dry distillation and purification process are used as the materials for the preheating of the coal gas. The dry distillation process in the invention can effectively realize the functions of dry distillation, dust separation and combusting the semi-coke and sludge generated during the process of dry distillation for the preheating of the coal gas; thereby, the sources is utilized sufficiently and the environmental protection requirement is fulfilled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dry rectificating oil shale (coal) fractionation and produce the technology and the device of shale oil.
Background technology
The technology of present domestic resinous shale, coal oil refining all is based on Fushun formula distillation process, owing to produce heat for shale retorting by air combustion shale, a series of problems of post-treatment have been produced, because of containing 21% oxygen, 79% nitrogen in the air, oxygen has produced heat as the combustiblecomponents effect in ignition dope and the shale, but also produced CO, CO
2Have only 21% oxygen playing the burning effect in 100% the air, the input of 79% nitrogen has increased gas volume, also promptly increased the load of recovery system, corresponding recovery system equipment also will increase, and has improved production cost, and nitrogen heating back becomes nitride, also increase the difficulty that recovery system is handled, and increased the equipment of respective handling.The result is that oil yield rate reduces, and gas volume is big, and caloric power of gas reduces, and the recovery system treatment capacity increases and be complicated, and its recovery system adopts water washing dedust, causes water consumption big, and sewage quantity is big, and environmental pollution is serious.Then there is the equipment complexity in external distillation process, the shortcoming that is difficult to promote.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of have greater efficiency and compliance with environmental protection requirements, can be used for the recycle to extinction distillation process and the system and device of oil-containing solids fuel production shale oil such as resinous shale, coal.
For realizing the object of the invention, the recycle to extinction distillation process that resinous shale proposed by the invention (coal) is produced shale oil may further comprise the steps:
(1) by importing basin by resinous shale, the oil shale distillation system that anaerobic gas heating gas retort and semicoke discharger constitute carries out destructive distillation to resinous shale, coal gas through preheating is upwards imported gas retort by the preheating gas input tube of the bottom of anaerobic gas heating gas retort, contact with the resinous shale of importing gas retort downwards from the top of anaerobic gas heating gas retort by resinous shale input basin, resinous shale carries out pre-heating temperature elevation from the top down, destructive distillation, the semicoke that produces is discharged by the semicoke discharger of anaerobic gas heating gas retort bottom, and the dry distillation gas that destructive distillation produces is discharged from the furnace roof of anaerobic gas heating gas retort;
(2) will import the coal gas collecting tubule from the dry distillation gas that the furnace roof of anaerobic gas heating gas retort is discharged, catch the stage purification of oil absorption again through oil scrubber oil wash, indirect cool tower condensation sedimentation and electric trap for oil, the coal gas that is purified;
(3) the purification coal gas part that will go up the step and be obtained is sent into the coal gas basin and is stored standby, another part passes through by fluid-bed combustion furnace, the gas preheating system that screw feeder and fly-ash separator constitute carries out preheating, the combustion fuel of fluid-bed combustion furnace is that semicoke and the following step (4) that step (1) is discharged by the semicoke discharger of anaerobic gas heating gas retort bottom obtains and greasy filth, by the burning of screw feeder input fluid-bed combustion furnace, purification coal gas that will step (2) gained feeds and is input to the preheating gas input tube of described gas retort bottom after the heat exchange pipeline preheating in the fluid-bed combustion furnace and imports anaerobic gas heating gas retort with semicoke and greasy filth;
(4) will isolate greasy filth and shale oil through isolated oil of oil scrubber oil wash and dust by the greasy filth separator in the step (2), the greasy filth of gained is as the combustion fuel of the fluid-bed combustion furnace of step (3), the shale oil of gained with separate with electric trap for oil by indirect cool tower, sedimentation and oil product merge and the shale oil product be sent into oil product storage tank, wherein a part is sent into oil scrubber again and is carried out dedusting, recycle.
Further scheme is the part in the step (2) directly can also imported the semicoke discharger of anaerobic gas heating gas retort bottom without the coal gas of the cold purification of preheating, import gas retort from the semicoke discharger again.This part cooled coal gas can utilize the scorching hot semicoke that enters in the semicoke discharger to carry out preheating, has both improved the heat energy utilization rate, plays the cooling performance to semicoke simultaneously again.
The resinous shale (coal) of the special use of the above-mentioned Technology of employing provided by the present invention is produced the formation of the recycle to extinction distillation system of shale oil, comprising:
(1) oil shale distillation system, constitute by resinous shale input basin, anaerobic gas heating gas retort and semicoke discharger, resinous shale input basin places the top of anaerobic gas heating gas retort, the semicoke discharger is connected in the bottom of anaerobic gas heating gas retort, the preheating gas input tube is installed in the stove of anaerobic gas heating gas retort, the cooled coal gas input tube is installed in the semicoke discharger;
(2), dry distillation gas stage purification system, constitute by coal gas collecting tubule, oil scrubber, indirect cool tower and electric trap for oil, the coal gas collecting tubule is connected by the dry distillation gas delivery port of pipeline with anaerobic gas heating gas retort top, be connected with oil scrubber, indirect cool tower and electric trap for oil successively and carry out gas purification, the purification coal gas of generation is by the gas exit output of electric trap for oil;
(3), oil purification and gathering system, comprise greasy filth separator, oil product conduit and oil product storage tank, the greasy filth separator is connected with the greasy filth outlet end with the shale oil of oil scrubber, carrying out shale oil separates with greasy filth, the oil product output terminal of its shale oil output terminal and indirect cool tower and electric trap for oil is connected back input oil product storage tank by the oil product conduit, and by the oil transportation arm part oil product is input to oil scrubber dry distillation gas is carried out oil wash;
(4) gas preheating system, constitute by fluid-bed combustion furnace, screw feeder and fly-ash separator, screw feeder is sent into semicoke and greasy filth fuel in the fluid-bed combustion furnace and is burnt, the flue gas that produces by fly-ash separator with dust separation, and make isolated dust pass back into roasting kiln, the coal gas of being exported by the electric trap for oil of dry distillation gas stage purification system is divided into two-way, be input to the preheating gas input tube of anaerobic gas heating gas retort after the preheating pipe preheating in one tunnel input fluid-bed combustion furnace, the cooled coal gas input tube in one tunnel input semicoke discharger.
The recycle to extinction distillation process that resinous shale provided by the present invention (coal) is produced shale oil adopts recycle to extinction anaerobic gas heating dry rectificating oil shale, effectively provide the required heat of destructive distillation existing drawback having overcome by air combustion, can make coal gas maintain higher calorific value, thereby improve dry distillation efficiency greatly.Owing to adopt the multistage gas cleaning system that constitutes by oil scrubber, indirect cool tower, electric trap for oil, gas purification efficient height.System reasonably is combined into an integral body with recycle to extinction coal gas gas retort, semicoke fluid-bed combustion furnace with by refining plants such as oil scrubber, indirect cool tower, electric trap for oil, greasy filth separators, make technology of the present invention can realize collecting destructive distillation, dust separation effectively, coal gas and oil purification and the semicoke that oil shale distillation and gas purification process are produced and the greasy filth multiple functions such as coal gas being provided preheating that acts as a fuel, resource is fully used, do not have sewage again and produce compliance with environmental protection requirements.
Unique technique technology of the present invention and system, have that suitability is wide, adjustable extent is big, the characteristics that technical feature is high can adapt to different starting materials, the order treatment capacity can be from 300 tons to 1000 tons, and the shale oil that is produced can be used as the substitute energy of oil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation and the schema of total system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, resinous shale of the present invention (coal) is produced the recycle to extinction distillation system and the process flow and as follows of shale oil:
(1) oil shale retort: distillation system is by resinous shale input basin 1, anaerobic gas heating gas retort 2 and semicoke discharger 4 constitute, in gas retort 2 stoves preheating gas input tube 3 is installed, cooled coal gas input tube 41 is installed in the semicoke discharger 4, the oil shale retort process is as follows: rise from bottom to top in by preheating gas input tube 3 input gas retorts through the coal gas of preheating, resinous shale is sent into gas retort by resinous shale input basin 1 and is fallen from top to bottom by the heating gas pre-heating temperature elevation from the gas retort top, destructive distillation, the dry distillation gas that produces is discharged from the gas exit on gas retort top, the semicoke that produces is discharged from the semicoke discharger 4 of bottom, cooled coal gas is arranged simultaneously through cooled coal gas input tube 41 input semicoke dischargers 4, the cooled coal gas of input rises in the gas retort after the semicoke refrigerative is heated simultaneously, participates in heating and destructive distillation to resinous shale.
(2) stage trapping of dry distillation gas purifies: dry distillation gas stage purification system is connected and composed successively by coal gas collecting tubule 7, oil scrubber 8, indirect cool tower 10 and electric trap for oil 11.The scavenging process of dry distillation gas is as follows: after the dry distillation gas of discharging from the furnace roof of anaerobic gas heating gas retort 2 imports coal gas collecting tubule 7, earlier remove dust through oil scrubber 8 oil washes, it is cold between carrying out to feed indirect cool tower 10 usefulness recirculated waters again, coal gas after cold the going feeds electric trap for oil 11 again with the shale oil fractionation by adsorption of adhering in the coal gas, carry out stage purification, the coal gas that is purified, purify coal gas and be input to that pre-heating system carries out preheating so that the input gas retort, a part is directly inputted to cooled coal gas in the semicoke discharger 4 through cooled coal gas input tube 41, and redundance is input to coal gas basin 12 and stores.
(3) purification of shale oil and collection, its system comprises greasy filth separator 9, oil product conduit and oil product storage tank 13, purification to shale oil is as follows with collection process: will be input to greasy filth separator 9 through isolated shale oil of oil scrubber 8 oil washes and greasy filth and carry out greasy filth and separate with shale oil, the shale oil of gained with separate with electric trap for oil by indirect cool tower, sedimentation and oil product merge and the shale oil product be sent into oil product storage tank, wherein a part is sent into oil scrubber again and is carried out dedusting, recycle.
(4) preheating of coal gas, its system is made of fluid-bed combustion furnace 5, screw feeder 51 and fly-ash separator 6, to burn by screw feeder 51 input fluid-bed combustion furnaces by semicoke and the greasy filth separator 9 isolated greasy filth that semicoke discharger 4 is discharged, the heat exchange pipeline that will be fed in the fluid-bed combustion furnace by the coal gas that dry distillation gas stage purification system isolation of purified obtains carries out preheating, then the input of the coal gas after preheating preheating gas input tube 3 is imported anaerobic gas heating gas retort.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of resinous shale (coal) is produced the recycle to extinction distillation process of shale oil, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) by importing basin (1) by resinous shale, the oil shale distillation system that anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) and semicoke discharger (4) constitute carries out destructive distillation to resinous shale, coal gas through preheating is upwards imported gas retort by the preheating gas input tube (3) of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) bottom, contact with the resinous shale of importing gas retort downwards from the top of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) by resinous shale input basin (1), resinous shale carries out pre-heating temperature elevation from the top down, destructive distillation, the semicoke that produces is discharged by the semicoke discharger (4) of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) bottom, and the dry distillation gas that destructive distillation produces is discharged from the furnace roof of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2);
(2) will import coal gas collecting tubule (7) from the dry distillation gas that the furnace roof of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) is discharged, carry out stage purification, the coal gas that is purified through oil scrubber (8), indirect cool tower (10) and electric trap for oil (11) again;
(3) the purification coal gas part that will go up the step and be obtained is sent into coal gas basin (12) and is stored standby, another part passes through by fluid-bed combustion furnace (5), the gas preheating system that screw feeder (51) and fly-ash separator (6) constitute carries out preheating, the greasy filth that the combustion fuel of fluid-bed combustion furnace (5) semicoke that to be step (1) discharged by the semicoke discharger (4) of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) bottom and following step (4) obtain, semicoke and greasy filth by screw feeder (51) input fluid-bed combustion furnace (5) burning, are fed the heat exchange pipeline preheating in the fluid-bed combustion furnace (5) after gas inlet pipe (3) imports anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) with the purification coal gas of step (2) gained;
(4) the oil and the dust that go out through oil scrubber (8) oil wash in the step (2) are isolated greasy filth and shale oil by greasy filth separator (9), the greasy filth of gained is as the combustion fuel of the fluid-bed combustion furnace (5) of step (3), the shale oil of gained with separate with electric trap for oil (11) by indirect cool tower (10), sedimentation and oil product merge and the shale oil product be sent into oil product storage tank (13), wherein a part is sent into oil scrubber (8) again dry distillation gas is carried out oil wash dedusting, recycle.
2, system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described recycle to extinction distillation process, it is characterized in that directly importing gas retort (2) from the semicoke discharger of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) bottom at the coal gas that also part in the step (2) is purified.
3, a kind of resinous shale (coal) is produced the recycle to extinction distillation system of shale oil, it is characterized in that comprising:
(1) oil shale distillation system, constitute by resinous shale input basin (1), anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) and semicoke discharger (4), resinous shale input basin (1) places the top of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2), semicoke discharger (4) is connected in the bottom of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2), preheating gas input tube (3) is installed in the stove of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2), cooled coal gas input tube (41) is installed in semicoke discharger (4);
(2), dry distillation gas stage purification system, constitute by coal gas collecting tubule (7), oil scrubber (8), indirect cool tower (10) and electric trap for oil (11), coal gas collecting tubule (7) is connected by the dry distillation gas delivery port of pipeline with anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) top, be connected with electric trap for oil (11) with oil scrubber (8), indirect cool tower (10) successively and carry out gas purification, the purification coal gas of generation is by the gas exit output of electric trap for oil (11);
(3), oil purification and gathering system, comprise that greasy filth separator (9), oil product conduit and oil product storage tank (13) constitute, greasy filth separator (9) is connected with the dust outlet end with the oil of oil scrubber (8), carrying out shale oil separates with greasy filth, its shale oil output terminal is connected input oil product storage tank (13) in back with the oil product output terminal of indirect cool tower (10) and electric trap for oil (11) by the oil product conduit, and is connected with oil scrubber (8) by the oil transportation arm;
(4) gas preheating system, by fluid-bed combustion furnace (5), screw feeder (51) and fly-ash separator (6) constitute, screw feeder (51) is sent semicoke and greasy filth fuel into burning in the fluid-bed combustion furnace (5), the flue gas that produces passes through fly-ash separator (6) with dust separation, and make isolated dust pass back into roasting kiln, the coal gas of being exported by the electric trap for oil (11) of dry distillation gas stage purification system is divided into two-way, be input to the preheating gas input tube (3) of anaerobic gas heating gas retort (2) after the preheating pipe preheating in one tunnel input fluid-bed combustion furnace (5), the cooled coal gas input tube (41) in one tunnel input semicoke discharger (4).
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| CNA2008100285119A CN101280201A (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2008-06-04 | Full cycle dry distillation process and system for producing shale oil from oil shale (coal) |
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| CNA2008100285119A CN101280201A (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2008-06-04 | Full cycle dry distillation process and system for producing shale oil from oil shale (coal) |
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| CN101993703A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-03-30 | 吉林李柯油页岩有限公司 | Oil shale oven and carbonification process |
| CN102010732A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-04-13 | 华东理工大学 | Method and device for condensing and recovering shale oil in gas tower section of oil shale distillation system |
| CN102010733A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-04-13 | 华东理工大学 | Method and device for condensing and recovering shale oil in collecting tube section of oil shale retorting system |
| CN102070260A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-05-25 | 华东理工大学 | Wastewater recycling method and device for collection pipe section of dry distillation system for oil shale |
| CN102092867A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-06-15 | 华东理工大学 | Recycling method and device of gas tower section wastewater of oil shale dry distillation system |
| CN102161900A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-08-24 | 唐山雷浩能源技术装备有限公司 | Device and method for extracting oil from blocky oil shale with high efficiency |
| CN102161899A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-08-24 | 唐山雷浩能源技术装备有限公司 | Efficient internal thermal type oil extraction device for powder oil shale and extraction method thereof |
| CN102839001A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-26 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Pyrolysis apparatus and method for production of light tar |
| CN103131449A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-06-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Destructive distillation method and device for fluidized bed of oil shale |
| CN103468281A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-25 | 中钢集团鞍山热能研究院有限公司 | Method and device for low temperature carbonization and pyrolysis of low-rank coal and oil shale |
| CN103666511A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2014-03-26 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Tire treatment system |
| CN104277858A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-14 | 东北电力大学 | Gas-phase-state separation process of shale oil obtained by dry distillation of oil shale |
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| CN101993703A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-03-30 | 吉林李柯油页岩有限公司 | Oil shale oven and carbonification process |
| CN102092867A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-06-15 | 华东理工大学 | Recycling method and device of gas tower section wastewater of oil shale dry distillation system |
| CN102092867B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2013-03-06 | 华东理工大学 | Recycling method and device of gas tower section wastewater of oil shale dry distillation system |
| CN102070260B (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-03-06 | 华东理工大学 | Wastewater recycling method and device for collection pipe section of dry distillation system for oil shale |
| CN102010732A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-04-13 | 华东理工大学 | Method and device for condensing and recovering shale oil in gas tower section of oil shale distillation system |
| CN102010733A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-04-13 | 华东理工大学 | Method and device for condensing and recovering shale oil in collecting tube section of oil shale retorting system |
| CN102070260A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-05-25 | 华东理工大学 | Wastewater recycling method and device for collection pipe section of dry distillation system for oil shale |
| CN102010733B (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-03-06 | 华东理工大学 | Method and device for condensing and recovering shale oil in collecting tube section of oil shale retorting system |
| CN102010732B (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-03-06 | 华东理工大学 | Method and device for condensing and recovering shale oil in gas tower section of oil shale distillation system |
| CN102161900A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-08-24 | 唐山雷浩能源技术装备有限公司 | Device and method for extracting oil from blocky oil shale with high efficiency |
| CN102161899A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-08-24 | 唐山雷浩能源技术装备有限公司 | Efficient internal thermal type oil extraction device for powder oil shale and extraction method thereof |
| CN102161899B (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2013-05-08 | 唐山雷浩能源技术装备有限公司 | Efficient internal thermal type oil extraction device for powder oil shale and extraction method thereof |
| CN102161900B (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2014-05-28 | 唐山雷浩能源技术装备有限公司 | Device and method for extracting oil from blocky oil shale with high efficiency |
| CN102839001B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Pyrolysis apparatus and method for production of light tar |
| CN102839001A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-26 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Pyrolysis apparatus and method for production of light tar |
| CN103131449A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-06-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Destructive distillation method and device for fluidized bed of oil shale |
| CN103468281A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-25 | 中钢集团鞍山热能研究院有限公司 | Method and device for low temperature carbonization and pyrolysis of low-rank coal and oil shale |
| CN103468281B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-07-01 | 中钢集团鞍山热能研究院有限公司 | Method and device for low temperature carbonization and pyrolysis of low-rank coal and oil shale |
| CN103666511A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2014-03-26 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Tire treatment system |
| CN104277858A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-14 | 东北电力大学 | Gas-phase-state separation process of shale oil obtained by dry distillation of oil shale |
| CN104277858B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-11-04 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of oil shale distillation shale oil and gas phase separating technology |
| CN105602631A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 陕西化建工程有限责任公司 | Device for dedusting high-temperature coal gas through circulating oil washing and process flow of device |
| CN105602631B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-01-26 | 陕西化建工程有限责任公司 | A kind of device for circulating oil wash high-temperature gas duster and its technological process |
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