JP4325755B2 - Descent device and descent method for open shield machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an open shield machine descent device, and more specifically, when an open shield machine is lowered into the soil, the open shield machine is smoothly lowered into the soil by applying downward force to the open shield machine. The present invention relates to an open shield machine descent device.

Open shield machines have been used to bury buried objects such as water and sewage pipes, box culverts, manholes, etc. (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, Patent Reference 5).
The open shield machine is installed in a hole formed at the starting point (a depression formed in the soil with the upper part open to the soil surface, hereinafter referred to as “starting hole”), and then at the destination point. It is used to bury buried objects from the starting point to the destination point by excavating the earth and sand with an excavating machine such as a backhoe, moving the open shield machine forward, and burying the buried object.
In order to arrange the open shield machine in the departure hole at this departure point, as described in the first page, column 2, line 8 to line 15 of Patent Document 1, “When installing an open shield machine at the transmission point” The following methods are used: (a) Most generally, a transmission mine and a reaching mine are provided in advance, and an open shield machine is assembled and dismantled in the mine. Then, after assembling, the inside of the open shield machine is excavated and forced to sink by the loading load of the well-cylinder method. However, in the method (a), when building a shaft, it is not possible to avoid the effects of vibrations, noise, and adverse effects on the surrounding ground due to the driving of piles for piles and piles with sheet piles, etc., and the construction cost is high. Also, in the method (b), it is difficult to prevent unequal settlement due to friction between the side plate and the soil "(Patent Document 1, page 1, column 2, lines 18 to 23). In view of the above, the invention according to Patent Document 1 has been made.

  The invention according to Patent Document 1 states that “a support column standing on the ground at the side of an open shield machine having left and right side plates formed on a vertical surface, a vertical suspension column, and a support column with an upper end on the suspension column. A suspension system is composed of a hydraulic cylinder that is externally fitted to a position-adjustable guide column and whose bottom end is connected to the suspension cylinder, and the suspension system is suspended by attaching the suspension system to each suspension column. In parallel with excavating the earth and sand inside the open shield machine, the hydraulic cylinder is operated while being synchronized with the hydraulic tuning device, and the open shield machine is evenly lowered. "(Patent Document 1, page 1, page 2) Column 27th line to page 2 column 3 line 9) "The open shield machine is suspended on the ground by the suspension device and in parallel with excavating the earth and sand inside the open shield machine, Each hydraulic cylinder is synchronized by a hydraulic tuning device, so the open shield machine descends evenly. It can be self-raised by operating "(Patent Document 1, page 2, column 3, lines 11 to 18).

  FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 (showing a state where the open shield machine 1 is placed on the soil surface 103 (substantially horizontal plane here) of the ground 101), and FIG. FIG. 10 is similar to FIG. 3 of Document 1 (shown from the direction of arrow D in FIG. 8), and FIG. 10 is opened in FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1 (in the soil 105 of the ground 101). It shows a state in which the shield machine 1 is lowered.). FIG. 11 is a side view of the open shield machine 1 showing a wider range than FIG. 9 (shown from the side opposite to FIG. 9 (in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 8)). Further, FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion surrounded by a dotted line E in FIG. 10 (some elements are omitted or simplified). The invention according to Patent Document 1 will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about a structure, an effect | action, etc. of the open shield machine 1 shown in these figures, the suspension apparatus 4, etc. (for example, 2nd page 3rd column 20th line-4th of patent document 1). Column, line 29).

  As shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 11, the open shield machine 1 is disposed on the soil surface 103 of the ground 101. As shown in FIG. 11, hydraulic excavators 201a and 201b (excavated) are positioned adjacent to the open shield machine 1. Machine). The excavators 201a and 201b excavate the earth and sand 301 (see FIG. 8) existing inside the open shield machine 1 (between the left and right side plates 2) and contract the hydraulic cylinder 7 to reduce the weight of the open shield machine 1 ( The open shield machine 1 can be lowered as shown in FIG. 10 by gravity applied to the open shield machine.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-46612 (for example, page 1, column 1, line 22 to page 2, column 3, line 18, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, etc.) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-49991 (for example, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, etc.) JP 2002-61492 A (for example, FIG. 1 and the like) JP 2003-64987 A (for example, paragraph numbers 0001 and 0002) JP 2004-116179 A (for example, paragraph numbers 0001 to 0003)

However, since the invention according to Patent Document 1 lowers the open shield machine by its own weight (gravity acting on the open shield machine), it does not drop when the friction with the sand around the open shield machine is large. There was a problem that the descent speed was too small.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 12, by excavating the earth and sand 301 existing in the inner side 1a of the open shield machine 1, there is a problem that the earth and sand flows (collapses) from the lower end portion 2a of the side plate 2 of the open shield machine 1 to the inner side 1a. (The inflow of earth and sand is indicated by an arrow J in FIG. 12. This occurs particularly when the surrounding earth and sand is a soft viscous soil or a loose sand layer.) Such inflow (collapse) of earth and sand into the inner side 1a may cause settlement of the earth surface 103 together with loosening of the ground around the open shield machine 1. In addition, in order to reduce the friction between the side plate 2 of the open shield machine 1 and the earth and sand facing it (opening the friction), the side plate 2 is lifted by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and the open shield by reducing the hydraulic cylinder 7. Although the descent of the machine 1 may be repeated, the repetition of such ascending and descending disturbs the surrounding ground, and when the side plate 2 is raised, the support member 16 such as H-section steel is used. Since downward force (reaction force against the rise of the side plate 2) acts, this can also promote the inflow (collapse) of earth and sand from the lower end portion 2a of the side plate 2 to the inner side 1a (for example, H (A slip surface may be generated from the end of the support member 16 such as a shape steel, and a slip failure may occur up to the excavation surface.)

  Therefore, in the present invention, the open shield machine descent device can smoothly drop the open shield machine and can prevent or reduce the inflow (collapse) of earth and sand from the lower end portion of the side plate of the open shield machine. The purpose is to provide.

An open shield machine descent device (hereinafter referred to as “this device”) of the present invention is an open shield machine for lowering the open shield machine into the soil as it is excavated by a soil excavating machine located inside the open shield machine. A descent device, a driving means for applying a downward force to the open shield machine, and a main body portion to which the driving means is attached, and when the main body portion moves upward due to a reaction force of the driving means, the excavating machine An open shield machine descent device comprising a main body part to which at least a part of gravity applied to is added.
This device is an open shield machine descent device for lowering the open shield machine into the soil as it is excavated by the earth and sand excavating machine existing inside the open shield machine, and in this respect, is similar to the invention according to Patent Document 1. Can be used to lower the open shield machine. And this apparatus is provided with the drive means and the main-body part to which the drive means was attached, and a drive means applies the downward force (a component included in the perpendicular downward direction) to an open shield machine. When the driving means applies a downward force to the open shield machine, a reaction force (reaction force) due to the downward force is applied. Since the reaction force is directed upward in the direction opposite to the downward force (including the vertically upward component), the reaction force acts to move the main body to which the driving means is attached upward. In order to prevent or reduce the upward movement of the main body, at least a part of gravity applied to the excavating machine when the main body moves upward by the reaction force is applied to the main body. That is, when the main body portion moves upward due to the reaction force, at least a part of gravity that is normally applied to a heavy excavating machine (for example, a hydraulic excavator, a backhoe, etc.) ) Is added to the main body to prevent or reduce the main body from moving upward. Note that “at least part of the gravity applied to the excavating machine when the main body moves upward due to the reaction force of the drive means” means at least part of the gravity (of course, all of the gravity) However, it is sufficient that at least a part of the gravity is added when the main body moves upward due to the reaction force, and at least a part of the gravity (of course, all of the gravity may be added) always appears. Including cases.
By preventing or reducing the main body portion from moving upward in this way, the driving means attached to the main body portion can effectively apply a downward force to the open shield machine, and the added lower portion The open shield machine can be smoothly lowered by the force to the side, and the inflow (collapse) of earth and sand from the lower end portion of the side plate to the inside can be prevented or reduced by pressing the side plate of the open shield machine downward. (Since the lower end portion of the side plate of the open shield machine firmly contacts the excavation surface or penetrates into the ground, inflow (collapse) of earth and sand from the lower end portion is prevented or reduced. ).

One of the positions of the reaction force position, which is the position of the main body to which the reaction force from the driving means is applied, and the gravity position, which is the position of the main body to which at least a part of the gravity applied to the excavating machine, is separated from each other. Alternatively, there may be at least two places, and the other exists between the two places.
Since the reaction force is directed upward and the gravity is directed downward, one of the positions of the reaction force position and the gravity position is at least two positions apart from each other, and between the two positions. The presence of the other can reduce the rotational moment of the main body when the reaction force and at least a part of the gravity are applied to the main body (for example, both the reaction force position and the gravity position are 1). When the gravity position is two places and the reaction force position (regardless of the number) exists between the two places, the rotational moment of the main body is small as compared with the case where both positions are separated. ), The main body can be stabilized, and the apparatus can be used stably and safely.

The main body portion may have a mounting portion for mounting the excavating machine (hereinafter referred to as “excavating machine mounting main apparatus”).
By mounting the excavating machine on such a mounting part, at least a part of the gravity applied to the excavating machine can be reliably added to the main body part with a simple configuration, and the upward movement of the main body part is prevented or Can be reduced.
Since the excavating machine normally has a large weight, when the excavating machine is placed on the placing portion of the main body, the main body is supported on the ground surface (the soil surface 103) (the main body on which the excavating machine is placed). The portion may be supported on the ground surface directly (for example, the main body portion is placed on the ground surface) or indirectly (for example, the main body portion is supported on the ground surface via another member). This makes it possible for the main body to withstand the weight of the excavating machine applied to the main body (especially, if the main body is placed directly on the ground surface, the weight of the excavating machine applied to the main body with a simple configuration) The body part can withstand well.)

In the case of an excavating machine mounting main apparatus, the main body portion includes a pair of side members disposed in the front-rear direction along the left and right side surfaces of the open shield machine, and the pair of side members in front of the open shield machine. A front connecting member for connecting the pair of side members at the rear of the open shield machine, and the front connecting member and the rear connecting member for the mounting portion. It may constitute at least a part.
A pair of side members are the left and right sides of the open shield machine (referred to as “right” and “left” respectively in the open shield machine in the direction of travel of the open shield machine). (Referred to as “front” and “rear”, respectively, with respect to the direction of travel of the open shield machine). And since the front connecting member is connected to the front and the rear connecting member is connected to the rear of the pair of side members, the pair of side members, the front connecting member, and the rear connecting member have a strong and strong body. Part. The front connecting member and the rear connecting member of such a strong and strong main body part constitute at least a part of the mounting part, so that at least a part of the gravity applied to the excavating machine can be reliably secured by a simple structure. In addition to being able to be added to the part, at least two positions (front connection member, rear connection member) in which one of the reaction force position and the gravity position (gravity position) is separated from each other, It can also be well constructed so that the other (reaction force position) is in between.

There are various methods for lowering the open shield machine into the soil using this device (hereinafter referred to as “the present method”). For example, earth and sand existing inside the open shield machine can be removed by a drilling machine. Excavation process for excavation, descent process for lowering the open shield machine into the soil by applying downward force to the open shield machine by the driving means, and gravity adding process for applying at least a part of the gravity applied to the excavation machine to the main body It is good also as a method comprising.
In the excavation process, excavation machinery is used to excavate the sediment existing inside the open shield machine. Then, in the descending step, a downward force (including a vertically downward component) is applied to the open shield machine by the driving means to lower the open shield machine into the soil. When the driving means applies a downward force to the open shield machine in this descent process, a reaction force (reaction force, including a component vertically upward) is applied by the downward force, and the reaction force is applied by the driving means. It acts to move the attached main body upward. In order to prevent or reduce the upward movement of the main body, at least a part of the gravity applied to the excavating machine when the main body moves upward by the reaction force in the gravity applying step is added to the main body. . That is, when the main body portion moves upward due to the reaction force, at least a part of gravity that is normally applied to a heavy excavating machine (for example, a hydraulic excavator, a backhoe, etc.) ) Is added to the main body (as described above, at least part of the gravity (of course, it may be all of the gravity) is added at least when the main body moves upward due to the reaction force. It is sufficient, and at least a part of the gravity (of course, the whole of the gravity may be added) is included.), Preventing or reducing the main body from moving upward .
In this way, by preventing or reducing the main body from moving upward due to the reaction force, the driving means attached to the main body effectively applies a downward force to the open shield machine, as in this device. The open shield machine can be smoothly lowered by the applied downward force, and the inflow of earth and sand from the lower end portion of the side plate to the inside by pressing the side plate of the open shield machine downward ( (Collapse) can be prevented or reduced (the inflow of earth and sand from the lower end of the open shield machine when the lower end of the side plate firmly contacts the excavation surface or penetrates the ground) Prevent or reduce (collapse).)

In the case of using the excavating machine mounting main apparatus in the present method, the apparatus may further include a mounting step of mounting the excavating machine on a mounting portion that is performed before the lowering step.
By performing the placing process of placing the excavating machine on the placing part of the excavating machine placing main apparatus before the descending process, the reaction force (reaction force by the downward force in the descending process). When the reaction force acts to move the main body portion upward, the excavating machine is securely placed on the placement portion, and the upward movement of the main body portion is prevented. Gravity application process for preventing or reducing (at least a part of gravity applied to the excavating machine is added to the main body portion to prevent or reduce the upward movement of the main body portion) is reliably performed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited by these.

FIG. 1 is a front view (partial cross section) showing an open shield machine descent device (this device) 20 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front schematic view (similar to FIG. 1) schematically showing the operating principle of this device 20. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view schematically showing the operating principle of the apparatus 20 (shown from the direction of the arrow K in FIGS. 1 and 2). Yes.) The apparatus 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
An open shield machine 1 is placed on the soil surface 103 (substantially horizontal plane here) of the ground 101. The open shield machine 1 is the same as an open shield machine conventionally used (for example, the open shield machine 1 described in the embodiment on page 2 of Patent Document 1), and the left and right side plates 2, 2 ( And a frame 3. The lower edges of the left and right side plates 2 and 2 are in contact with the soil surface 103.
“Front”, “Rear”, “Right”, “Left”, “Up” and “Down” are indicated by arrows P1 (front), P2 (rear), P3 (right), P4 (left) in the figure, respectively. ), P5 (top) and P6 (bottom).

The device 20 is roughly divided into drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, which will be described later, a pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b, front connecting members 23a and 23b, an iron plate 25a, and rear connecting members 27a and 27b. And a steel plate 25b (as will be described later, a pair of H-shaped steels 21a, 21b, front connecting members 23a, 23b, a steel plate 25a, rear connecting members 27a, 27b, and a steel plate 25b) The main body is constituted by.
A pair of H-section steels 21 a and 21 b are placed on the soil surface 103 so as to be substantially parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the open shield machine 1.
Drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d are disposed on the upper surfaces of the pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b. 4 to 6 are diagrams for explaining the driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d in detail. Specifically, FIG. 4 shows the open shield machine 1 as viewed from the front side (FIGS. 1 to 5). 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the position viewed in MM), and FIG. 5 is a side view (showing the direction of the arrow N in FIG. 4). 6 is an enlarged plan view showing an engagement state between a suspension column and a guide column, which will be described later. The driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d will be described with reference to FIGS.
The drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d have the same structure as the suspension device 4 described in the embodiment of Patent Document 1, and the difference from the suspension device 4 is that the drive devices 4a, 4b, and 4c. The hydraulic cylinder 7 included in 4d applies a force in the contracting direction (the hydraulic cylinder 7 in the embodiment of the patent document 1 (suspension device 4) supports the weight of the open shield machine 1 (that is, extends). (While applying force in the direction), it gradually shrinks.)

Since the structures of the driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d are the same as the suspension device 4 described in the embodiment of Patent Document 1 as described above, it will be understood from the description of the suspension device 4 of Patent Document 1. A brief description will be given below.
The drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d all have the same structure, and roughly have a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (here, the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical). A suspension column 5 having a substantially rectangular shape, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a guide column 10 having a substantially rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (here, the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular), and hydraulic synchronization And the device 15.
The suspension column 5 is fixed to the open shield machine 1 by fixing the vicinity of the lower end to the frame 3 of the open shield machine 1 with a fastener such as a bolt. The suspension column 5 is attached to the open shield machine 1 symmetrically. The guide portion 6 protrudes outside the suspension column 5.
The hydraulic cylinder 7 is a reciprocating hydraulic cylinder housed in the suspension column 5, and the cylinder head is fixed near the upper end of the suspension column 5 and hangs downward. The vicinity of the upper end portions of the left and right suspension pillars 5 are connected and supported by a connection fitting 9.
The end of the rod 8 is attached to the guide column 10 via a mounting bracket 11 fixed to the lower end. Since the guide column 10 is fitted to the suspension column 5 by a guide member 6 'engaged with the guide portion 6 of the suspension column 5 (see particularly FIG. 6 for ease of illustration, FIG. 3). Etc., the engagement between the guide portion 6 and the guide member 6 ′ is not shown.) The suspension column 5 is movable up and down along the guide column 10. The support column 13 is slidably inserted into the guide column 10, and a plurality of position adjusting pin holes 12 are formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. The pillars 10 and 13 are fixed by penetrating the pin 14 for connecting and fixing into the pin hole 12. The lower end of the support column 13 is fixed to the H-shaped steels 21a and 21b.
The hydraulic tuning device 15 is mounted on the frame 3 of the open shield machine 1 and supplies appropriate hydraulic drive oil to the hydraulic cylinders 7 included in the drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d. The rod 8 can be moved in and out (advanced and retracted) with respect to the hydraulic cylinder 7.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pair of H-section steels 21 a and 21 b are configured by front connection members 23 a and 23 b (specifically, H-section steel) in front of the open shield machine 1 (in the direction of arrow P <b> 1). (Specifically, the lower surfaces of the front connection members 23a and 23b are fixed to the upper surfaces of the H-shaped steels 21a and 21b). The front connecting members 23a and 23b are disposed substantially parallel to each other and are substantially perpendicular to the H-section steels 21a and 21b in a plan view (for example, FIG. 3).
An iron plate 25a is placed and fixed on the upper surfaces of the front connecting members 23a and 23b (in FIG. 3, only a part of the iron plate 25a is shown for easy understanding, but in practice, The main surface of the iron plate 25a has a substantially rectangular shape and covers a region surrounded by the H-section steels 21a and 21b and the front connecting members 23a and 23b in a plan view (for example, FIG. 3). The upper surface of the iron plate 25a has a size and shape that can stably place the excavating machine 301a such as a backhoe.

Similarly, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pair of H-section steels 21 a and 21 b are rear connection members 27 a and 27 b (specifically, H-section steels) at the rear of the open shield machine 1 (in the direction of arrow P <b> 2). (Specifically, the lower surfaces of the rear connection members 27a and 27b are fixed to the upper surfaces of the H-shaped steels 21a and 21b). The rear connecting members 27a and 27b are disposed substantially parallel to each other and are substantially perpendicular to the H-section steels 21a and 21b in a plan view (for example, FIG. 3).
An iron plate 25b is placed and fixed on the upper surfaces of the rear connecting members 27a and 27b (in FIG. 3, only a part of the iron plate 25b is shown for ease of understanding. The main surface of the iron plate 25b has a substantially rectangular shape and covers a region surrounded by the H-shaped steels 21a and 21b and the rear connecting members 27a and 27b in plan view (for example, FIG. 3). The upper surface of the iron plate 25b has a size and shape that can stably place the excavating machine 301b such as a backhoe.

A method of lowering the open shield machine 1 placed on the soil surface 103 at the starting point using the apparatus 20 will be described.
The drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d are attached to the open shield machine 1 placed on the soil surface 103, and the lower ends of the support columns 13 are fixed to the pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b. At this time, the guide pillar 10 is adjusted up and down according to the depth of the open shield machine 1 to be lowered, and is fixedly connected to the support pillar 13 with the pin 14. Moreover, you may extend and adjust arbitrary hydraulic cylinders so that the open shield machine 1 may be installed vertically. Thus, after attaching this apparatus 20 to the open shield machine 1, the open shield machine 1 is lowered | hung as follows. Then, the front connecting members 23a and 23b, the iron plate 25a, the rear connecting members 27a and 27b, and the iron plate 25b are attached to the pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b.

First, in the first (placement step), as shown in FIG. 1, an excavating machine 301a such as a backhoe is placed on the upper surface of the iron plate 25a, and an excavating machine such as a backhoe is also placed on the upper surface of the iron plate 25b. 301b is placed.
In the second (excavation process), the earth and sand (the earth and sand 401 in FIGS. 3 and 4) existing inside the open shield machine 1 (between the left and right side plates 2 and 2) is excavated by the excavating machines 301a and 301b.
Thirdly, a downward force (here, a force directed vertically downward; force Q1, force Q2 in FIG. 2) is applied to the open shield machine 1 by the driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d. Lower shield machine 1 into the ground. Specifically, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders 7 of the drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d by the hydraulic tuning device 15 so as to contract the rod 8 with respect to the hydraulic cylinder 7, and downward force is applied to the open shield machine 1. (In FIG. 2, force Q1, force Q2) is applied. When a downward force (force Q1, force Q2 in FIG. 2) is applied to the open shield machine 1, a reaction force (here, vertically upward) against the downward force (force Q1, force Q2 in FIG. 2) 2, forces R1 and R2) are applied to the pair of H-section steels 21a and 21b from the driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d.
And since excavation machine 301a, 301b is mounted in the upper surface of iron plate 25a, 25b here, at least one part of gravity added to excavation machine 301a, 301b (here all. Force W1 and force W2 in FIG. 2) ) Is constantly added to the portion (main body part) constituted by the pair of H-shaped steels 21a, 21b, the front connecting members 23a, 23b, the iron plate 25a, the rear connecting members 27a, 27b, and the iron plate 25b (gravity adding step). ).
At least the gravitational force of the excavating machines 301a and 301b applied to a portion (main body portion) constituted by the pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b, the front connecting members 23a and 23b, the iron plate 25a, the rear connecting members 27a and 27b, and the iron plate 25b. A part (here, all. In FIG. 2, force W1 and force W2), the driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d apply downward force (force Q1 and force Q2 in FIG. 2) to the open shield machine 1. When applied, it acts so as to counteract the reaction force against the downward force applied to the pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b (here, the force directed vertically upward; force R1 and force R2 in FIG. 2).
As described above, by applying downward force (force Q1, force Q2 in FIG. 2) to the open shield machine 1, the open shield machine 1 can be lowered into the soil as shown in FIG.

By lowering the open shield machine 1 using the apparatus 20 as described above, there are the following advantages.
(1) Since sufficient downward force (force Q1, force Q2 in FIG. 2) can be applied to the open shield machine 1, the open shield machine 1 can be lowered smoothly and quickly.
(2) The inflow (collapse) of earth and sand from the lower end portion (the lower end portion 2a of the side plate 2 in FIG. 12) of the side plates 2 and 2 by pressing the side plates 2 and 2 of the open shield machine 1 downward. Can be prevented or reduced.
(3) As in (1) and (2) above, since the inflow (collapse) of earth and sand can be prevented and the open shield machine 1 can be lowered smoothly and quickly, the construction period can be shortened. .
(4) Corresponding to the above (2), earth and sand adjacent to the side plates 2 and 2 of the open shield machine 1 flows inward from the lower end portions of the side plates 2 and 2 (the lower end portion 2a of the side plate 2 in FIG. 12). There is a case where it is not necessary to perform ground improvement that has been performed so far to prevent (collapse), and the cost required for ground improvement can be greatly reduced.
(5) The danger to workers due to the collapse of the ground adjacent to the open shield machine 1 is reduced, and safety can be improved.
(6) It is possible to prevent or reduce adverse effects on surrounding structures due to the collapse of the ground adjacent to the open shield machine 1.

  As described above, the present apparatus 20 is an open shield machine descent device for lowering the open shield machine 1 into the soil as it is excavated by the earth and sand excavating machines 301a and 301b existing inside the open shield machine 1. Thus, driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d as driving means for applying downward force (force Q1, force Q2 in FIG. 2) to the open shield machine 1, and driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d as driving means. Is a main body (comprised of a pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b, front connecting members 23a and 23b, an iron plate 25a, rear connecting members 27a and 27b, and an iron plate 25b). Reaction force of the devices 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d (when the downward force is applied to the open shield machine 1 by the drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, the drive devices 4a, 4b A reaction force against the downward force is applied from 4c and 4d to the pair of H-section steels 21a and 21b, and when the main body moves upward by force R1 and force R2 in FIG. An open shield machine descent device including at least a part of the applied gravity (here, all; force W1, force W2 in FIG. 2). Here, at least a part of gravity (force W1, force W2 in FIG. 2) is constantly applied to the main body.

The reaction force position (here, the drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c) is the position of the main body to which the reaction force (force R1, force R2 in FIG. 2) from the drive devices 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d as drive means is applied. 4d is the position of the H-shaped steels 21a and 21b to which the lower ends of the support pillars 13 included are fixed (shown as reaction force positions 501 in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5), and the excavating machine 301a. , The gravity position (here, the iron plates 25a, 25b on which the excavating machines 301a, 301b are placed), which is the position of the main body to which at least a part of the gravity applied to the 301b (in FIG. 2, force W1, force W2) is applied, One of the two positions (here, the gravitational position) is at least two places (two places of the iron plate 25a and the iron plate 25b) separated from each other, and between the two places (two places of the iron plate 25a and the iron plate 25b) The other (here, reaction force position 501 But to exist.
In addition, the main body (comprised of a pair of H-shaped steels 21a and 21b, front connecting members 23a and 23b, iron plate 25a, rear connecting members 27a and 27b, and iron plate 25b) is included in the excavating machines 301a and 301b. A mounting portion for mounting the excavating machine 301a is configured by the front connecting members 23a and 23b and the iron plate 25a, and the excavating machine 301b is mounted by the rear connecting members 27a and 27b and the iron plate 25b. The mounting portion is configured.). Here, the main body is directly placed on the soil surface 103.
Further, the main body (a pair of H-shaped steels 21a, 21b, front connecting members 23a, 23b, iron plate 25a, rear connecting members 27a, 27b, and iron plate 25b) is moved back and forth along the left and right side surfaces of the open shield machine 1. A pair of H-section steels 21a, 21b as a pair of side members disposed in the direction, and a front connecting member 23a for connecting the pair of H-section steels 21a, 21b as the pair of side members in front of the open shield machine 1. , 23b, and rear connecting members 27a, 27b that connect the pair of H-shaped steels 21a, 21b as the pair of side members at the rear of the open shield machine 1, the front connecting members 23a, 23b And the rear connecting members 27a and 27b are provided by the mounting portion (the front connecting members 23a and 23b, the iron plate 25a, the rear connecting members 27a and 27b, and the iron plate 25b). Made by.) Constitutes at least a part of.

In addition, the method for lowering the open shield machine 1 placed on the soil surface 103 at the starting point using the apparatus 20 described above is a method for lowering the open shield machine 1 into the soil using the apparatus 20. The excavation process of excavating the soil existing inside the open shield machine 1 by the excavating machines 301a and 301b, and the downward force applied to the open shield machine 1 by the driving devices 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d as driving means (in FIG. A descent process in which the open shield machine 1 is lowered into the soil by applying force Q1, force Q2) and at least a part of gravity applied to the excavating machines 301a, 301b (all here. Force W1, force W2 in FIG. 2) A gravity adding step applied to the main body (a pair of H-shaped steels 21a, 21b, front connecting members 23a, 23b, iron plate 25a, rear connecting members 27a, 27b, and iron plate 25b). Consisting of, is a method.
And here, before the said descent | fall process, the mounting part (the mounting part which mounts the excavating machine 301a is comprised by the mounting part (front connection member 23a, 23b and the iron plate 25a), and back connection member 27a, 27b and a steel plate are comprised. 25b constitutes a mounting portion for mounting the excavating machine 301b.) Includes a mounting step of mounting the excavating machines 301a and 301b.

It is a front view (partial cross section) which shows the open shield machine descent | fall apparatus (this apparatus) of this invention. It is a front schematic diagram which shows typically the operating principle of this apparatus. It is a plane schematic diagram which shows typically the operation principle of this apparatus. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the place which looked at the open shield machine from the front side. It is a side view of an open shield machine. It is an enlarged plan view which shows the engagement state of a suspension column and a guide column. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the place which dropped the open shield machine in the soil. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the place which looked at the conventional open shield machine set | placed on the soil surface of the ground from the front side. It is a side view of the conventional open shield machine placed on the soil surface of the ground. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the place which dropped the conventional open shield machine in the soil. It is a side view of the open shield machine which shows the range wider than FIG. It is a partially expanded sectional view of the part enclosed by the dotted line E in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Open shield machine
1a inside
2 Side plate
2a Lower end
3 frames
4 Suspension device
4a, 4b, 4c, 4d drive device
5 Suspension pillar
6 guide
6 'Guide member
7 Hydraulic cylinder
8 Rod
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Connecting bracket 10 Guide pillar 11 Mounting bracket 12 Pin hole 13 Support pillar 14 Pin 15 Hydraulic tuning apparatus 16 Support member 20 This apparatus 21a, 21b H-section steel 23a, 23b Front connection member 25a, 25b Iron plate 27a, 27b Rear connection member 101 Ground 103 Soil surface 105 Soil 201a, 201b Excavator 301 Sediment 301a, 301b Excavation machine 401 Sediment 501 Reaction force position

Claims (6)

An open shield machine descent device for lowering the open shield machine into the soil along with excavation by the earth and sand excavation machine existing inside the open shield machine,
Driving means for applying downward force to the open shield machine;
A main body portion to which driving means is attached, and a main body portion to which at least a part of gravity applied to the excavating machine is added when the main body portion moves upward by a reaction force of the driving means;
An open shield machine descent device.       Of both positions, the gravity position is a reaction force position that is a position of the main body portion to which a reaction force from the driving means is applied and a gravity position that is a position of the main body portion to which at least a part of the gravity applied to the excavating machine is applied. The open shield machine descent device according to claim 1, wherein there are at least two points apart and a reaction force position exists between the two points.     The open shield machine lowering device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main body portion includes a placement portion on which the excavating machine is placed. A pair of side members disposed in the front-rear direction along the left and right side surfaces of the open shield machine, a front connecting member that couples the pair of side members in front of the open shield machine, A rear connecting member for connecting the pair of side members at the rear of the open shield machine,
The open shield machine lowering device according to claim 3, wherein the front connecting member and the rear connecting member constitute at least a part of the mounting portion. A method of lowering an open shield machine into the soil using the open shield machine lowering device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An excavation process for excavating the soil existing inside the open shield machine with an excavating machine;
A descent process in which the open shield machine is lowered into the soil by applying downward force to the open shield machine by the driving means;
And a gravity adding step in which at least a part of gravity applied to the excavating machine is applied to the main body. A method of lowering an open shield machine into the soil using the open shield machine descent device according to claim 3,
The method according to claim 5, further comprising a placing step of placing the excavating machine on a placing portion that is performed before the descent step.

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