JP4308630B2 - Compound fertilizer - Google Patents

Compound fertilizer Download PDF

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JP4308630B2
JP4308630B2 JP2003398274A JP2003398274A JP4308630B2 JP 4308630 B2 JP4308630 B2 JP 4308630B2 JP 2003398274 A JP2003398274 A JP 2003398274A JP 2003398274 A JP2003398274 A JP 2003398274A JP 4308630 B2 JP4308630 B2 JP 4308630B2
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lime
fertilizer
silicate
silicic acid
silica gel
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JP2005154228A (en
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修一 花田
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いなほ化工株式会社
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Description

本発明は稲作向けの複合肥料に関し、特にケイ酸石灰にリン酸資材を混合しつつ、水溶性を向上させた複合肥料に係る。   The present invention relates to a compound fertilizer for rice cultivation, and more particularly to a compound fertilizer having improved water solubility while mixing a phosphoric acid material with silicate lime.

水稲はケイ酸植物といわれ、窒素吸収量の約10倍ものケイ酸が必要とされ、その量は100〜120kg/10aとなる。
稲作におけるケイ酸吸収効果には、倒伏しにくくなり光合成能の向上を促し、もみの収量増加につながる。
フェーン現象をはじめとする各種異常気象に対する抵抗力が向上し、米の品質向上につながる。
葉の組織等が強くなり、イモチ病をはじめとする各種病害に対する抵抗力が増強され、米の品質向上につながる等である。
Paddy rice is said to be a silicic acid plant and requires about 10 times as much nitrogen absorption as silicic acid, and the amount is 100-120 kg / 10a.
The silicic acid absorption effect in rice cultivation is less prone to lodging and promotes photosynthetic capacity, leading to an increase in rice yield.
The resistance to abnormal weather such as the Fern phenomenon is improved, leading to improved rice quality.
For example, the leaf tissue is strengthened, resistance to various diseases such as rice blast disease is enhanced, and the quality of rice is improved.

従来、水稲に対するケイ酸の供給は高炉鉱滓として産生するケイ酸石灰の施用により行われていた。
しかし、ケイ酸石灰のみによる施用では、150〜200kg/10aの多量が必要とされる。
これでは施用の労力が大変であり、コスト面でも高くつく。
そこで溶解度が高くて施用効率が良く、散布等の施用性の優れたケイ酸肥料が要求されていた。
Conventionally, silicic acid was supplied to paddy rice by application of silicate lime produced as blast furnace slag.
However, application with only lime silicate requires a large amount of 150-200 kg / 10a.
This requires a lot of labor for application and is expensive.
Therefore, there has been a demand for a silicate fertilizer having high solubility, good application efficiency, and excellent application properties such as spraying.

なお、水溶性の高いケイ酸肥料としては、二酸化ケイ素を主成分とするシリカゲルが公知であり、この性質を利用した肥料が特開平10−114588号公報、特開平11−157967号公報等に開示されている。
しかし、シリカゲルはケイ酸石灰に比較して非常に高価であり、コスト面から多用は困難である。
また、ケイ酸石灰にリン酸鉱石を溶融したり、リン酸を化合させることで水溶性の向上を図ることも検討されている。
しかし、溶融工程や化合工程はエネルギー消費が多く、また専用設備が必要で製造コストアップの大きな要因となる。
As a highly water-soluble silicate fertilizer, silica gel mainly composed of silicon dioxide is known, and fertilizers using this property are disclosed in JP-A-10-114588, JP-A-11-157967, and the like. Has been.
However, silica gel is very expensive compared to lime silicate, and is difficult to use frequently in terms of cost.
In addition, it has been studied to improve water solubility by melting phosphate ore into silicate lime or combining phosphoric acid.
However, the melting process and the compounding process are energy intensive and require dedicated equipment, which is a major factor in increasing manufacturing costs.

特開平10−114588号公報JP-A-10-114588 特開平11−157967号公報JP-A-11-157967

本発明は上記背景技術における技術的課題に鑑みて、ケイ酸石灰をベース肥料としてケイ酸の溶解度(水溶性)を向上させ、土壌改良資材としての施用性の改善を図った複合肥料の提供を目的とする。   In view of the technical problem in the background art described above, the present invention provides a composite fertilizer that improves the solubility (water solubility) of silicic acid using silicate lime as a base fertilizer and improves the applicability as a soil improvement material. Objective.

本発明に係る複合肥料は、リン酸資材を18〜20重量%、シリカゲル又はケイ酸ソーダを単独あるいは合計3〜10重量%、残部がケイ酸石灰になるように混合した肥料を、所定のバインダにて造粒して得られることを特徴とする。   The compound fertilizer according to the present invention comprises a predetermined binder containing a fertilizer in which a phosphoric acid material is mixed in an amount of 18 to 20% by weight, silica gel or sodium silicate alone or in total 3 to 10% by weight, and the remainder becomes silicate lime. It is obtained by granulation with

比較的安価なケイ酸資材である高炉鉱滓として出るケイ酸石灰にリン酸資材を混合することで、ある程度ケイ酸石灰の可溶性及び水溶性が向上するが、シリカゲルを3〜10重量%混合すると非常に水溶性が向上する。
また、シリカゲルの替わりにケイ酸ソーダ(水ガラス)を用いてもシリカゲルと混合して用いてもよい。
なお、ここで可溶性とは0.5Mの塩酸水で溶解するものをいい、水溶性とは水に溶解するものをいい、今日では水溶性ケイ酸の量が重要視されている。
By mixing phosphoric acid material with silicate lime produced as blast furnace slag, which is a relatively inexpensive silicic acid material, the solubility and water solubility of silicate lime are improved to some extent, but when silica gel is mixed with 3 to 10% by weight, it is extremely Water solubility is improved.
Further, sodium silicate (water glass) may be used instead of silica gel, or a mixture with silica gel may be used.
Here, the term “soluble” refers to those that are soluble in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid, and “water-soluble” refers to those that are soluble in water. Today, the amount of water-soluble silicic acid is regarded as important.

混合するリン酸資材としては、リン酸質肥料であれば特に限定されず、熔成リン肥、焼成リン肥、過リン酸石灰、重過リン酸石灰、苦土過リン酸、苦土重焼リン等が挙げられるが、混合造粒性の観点からは熔成リン肥、焼成リン肥が好ましい。   The phosphoric acid material to be mixed is not particularly limited as long as it is a phosphoric fertilizer, and is fused phosphorous fertilizer, calcined phosphorous fertilizer, superphosphate lime, heavy superphosphate lime, bitumen superphosphate, bitter soil heavy burn Although phosphorus etc. are mentioned, from a viewpoint of mixed granulation property, a molten phosphorus fertilizer and a baking phosphorus fertilizer are preferable.

なお、稲作用の肥料としてケイ酸石灰、リン肥料、シリカゲル、それぞれは公知である。
しかし、本発明の特徴は3〜10重量%の比較的少ない配合比のシリカゲル又はケイ酸ソーダの添加で、リン酸資材を18〜20重量%配合することで水溶性ケイ酸が向上し、かつ、造粒が可能になった点にある。
ここで、上記配合比率は造粒のためのバインダーを加える前の値であり、造粒後の肥料製品に対する成分量(%)はバインダーの使用量により若干変化する。
Note that lime silicate, phosphorus fertilizer, and silica gel are known as fertilizers for rice action.
However, the feature of the present invention is that the addition of silica gel or sodium silicate having a relatively small blending ratio of 3 to 10% by weight improves the water-soluble silicic acid by blending 18 to 20% by weight of the phosphoric acid material, and The granulation is now possible.
Here, the blending ratio is a value before adding the binder for granulation, and the component amount (%) relative to the fertilizer product after granulation varies slightly depending on the amount of binder used.

本発明においては、高炉鉱滓として得られるケイ酸石灰を基材として18〜20重量%のリン酸資材及び、シリカゲル又はケイ酸ソーダ(水ガラス)を単独又は合計して3〜10重量%混合し、これにバインダーを加えて造粒したことにより水溶性ケイ酸量が多くなる。
実験内容の詳細は後述するが、溶出試験において本発明における複合肥料は、ケイ酸石灰のみのものに比較して約10倍以上の溶解性を示した。
この理由は、ケイ酸石灰は水の中でケイ素と石灰に分かれて溶解する。
その溶解の仕方は、石灰に対するケイ酸量として一定の割合で溶解してくる。
即ち、石灰分の溶解が多すぎるとケイ酸の溶出が抑制され、石灰分の溶出が抑制されるとケイ酸分の溶出が高まる。
そこで、石灰分の溶出を抑制する方法として、燐酸を添加すれば石灰が燐酸と化合し、燐酸石灰として溶解度の低い化合物となり、石灰濃度が低下し、ケイ酸溶出が助長されると考えられる。
In the present invention, silicate lime obtained as a blast furnace slag is used as a base material, and 18 to 20 wt% phosphoric acid material and silica gel or sodium silicate (water glass) are mixed alone or in total 3 to 10 wt%. The amount of water-soluble silicic acid is increased by adding a binder to this and granulating.
Although the details of the experimental contents will be described later, in the dissolution test, the composite fertilizer of the present invention exhibited a solubility of about 10 times or more compared with that of lime silicate alone.
The reason for this is that lime silicate dissolves in water in silicon and lime.
The method of dissolution is dissolved at a certain rate as the amount of silicic acid relative to lime.
That is, when the dissolution of lime is too much, the elution of silicic acid is suppressed, and when the elution of lime is suppressed, the elution of silicic acid is increased.
Therefore, as a method for suppressing elution of lime, it is considered that if phosphoric acid is added, lime is combined with phosphoric acid to become a compound having low solubility as phosphophosphate, the lime concentration is lowered, and elution of silicic acid is promoted.

本発明による複合肥料は、従来のケイ酸石灰肥料よりも水稲へのケイ酸吸収率が高くなり、その分施用量が少なくて済むので労力の軽減及びコストの低減に役立つ。
また、土づくり肥料として必要なケイ酸、石灰、リン酸、苦土を含んだ総合肥料となる。
これにより、米の品質向上、収穫量向上が期待される。
The composite fertilizer according to the present invention has a higher silicic acid absorption rate to paddy rice than the conventional silicate lime fertilizer, and the amount of application thereof is small, so that it is useful for reducing labor and cost.
In addition, it is a comprehensive fertilizer that contains silicic acid, lime, phosphoric acid, and bitter soil, which are necessary as soil fertilizers.
This is expected to improve rice quality and yield.

本発明に係る複合肥料の製造例について以下説明する。
高炉鉱滓として得られるケイ酸石灰8,400kg(76.7%)と砂状熔成リン2,000kg(18.3%)を原料ホッパーに投入し、ドライヤーで乾燥し、ボールミルで粉砕した。
これに粉砕機で粉砕したシリカゲル548kg(5.0%)を混合した。
これにバインダー2,400kg(7.1%)、リグエキス1,600kg、水1,900リットルを撹拌混合し、ペレタイザーで一粒造粒した。
このようにして、熔成リンの他に重焼リンを用いたもの、及びシリカゲルの配合割合を変えて各種配合肥料を一粒造粒して得られたもののケイ酸溶出試験結果を図1の表に示す。
ここで、溶出ケイ酸は次のように測定した。
水田の土壌(生土)40gにケイ酸石灰等の資材1g添加し、これに蒸留水100ccを入れ湛水状態とし、常温器(40℃)の中に入れ、1週間保温し、資材から溶出するケイ酸の濃度分析結果から計算して資材100g当たりの溶出量を求める。
A production example of the composite fertilizer according to the present invention will be described below.
8,400 kg (76.7%) of silicate lime obtained as a blast furnace slag and 2,000 kg (18.3%) of sand-like molten phosphorus were put into a raw material hopper, dried with a dryer, and pulverized with a ball mill.
This was mixed with 548 kg (5.0%) of silica gel pulverized by a pulverizer.
To this, 2,400 kg (7.1%) of a binder, 1,600 kg of rig extract and 1,900 liters of water were mixed with stirring and granulated with a pelletizer.
Thus, the silicic acid elution test result of what obtained heavy granulated phosphorus other than molten phosphorus, and what was obtained by granulating various compound fertilizers by changing the compounding ratio of a silica gel is shown in FIG. Shown in the table.
Here, the eluted silicic acid was measured as follows.
Add 1g of material such as silicate lime to 40g of paddy soil (raw soil), add 100cc of distilled water to it, put it in a submerged state, put it in a normal temperature vessel (40 ° C), keep it warm for 1 week, and elute it from the material The amount of elution per 100 g of material is calculated from the concentration analysis result of silicic acid.

この表から明らかなように、ケイ酸石灰のみのものに比較してシリカゲルを混合したものは、水溶性が高く溶出ケイ酸量で比較すると、シリカゲル5%添加のもので約10倍以上高くなっている。
なお、シリカゲルの混合割合を高くすると、それだけケイ酸の水溶性が高くなるが、造粒性が悪くなり、直径約1.5〜3.0mmの一粒造粒するにはシリカゲルの割合が10%以下が良いことも明らかになった。
As is apparent from this table, silica gel mixed with lime silicate alone has a high water solubility and is about 10 times higher with 5% silica gel added when compared with the amount of silica leached. ing.
If the mixing ratio of silica gel is increased, the water solubility of silicic acid is increased accordingly, but the granulation property is deteriorated, and the ratio of silica gel is 10 for granulation of about 1.5 to 3.0 mm in diameter. It became clear that less than% is good.

各種配合肥料のケイ酸溶出試験結果を示す。The silicic acid elution test result of various compound fertilizers is shown.

Claims (3)

リン酸資材を18〜20重量%、シリカゲル又はケイ酸ソーダを単独あるいは合計3〜10重量%、残部がケイ酸石灰になるように混合した肥料を、所定のバインダにて造粒して得られることを特徴とする粒状肥料。   It is obtained by granulating a fertilizer containing 18 to 20% by weight of phosphoric acid material, silica gel or sodium silicate alone or in total 3 to 10% by weight with the balance being silicate lime with a predetermined binder. Granular fertilizer characterized by that. ケイ酸石灰が鉱滓から得られたものである請求項1記載の粒状肥料。   2. The granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the silicate lime is obtained from mine. リン酸資材が熔成リン肥又は焼成リン肥であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の粒状肥料。   The granular fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the phosphoric acid material is molten phosphorus fertilizer or calcined phosphorus fertilizer.
JP2003398274A 2003-11-28 2003-11-28 Compound fertilizer Expired - Fee Related JP4308630B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102464508A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-23 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Compound fertilizer granulation adhesive and use method thereof
CN102464509A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-23 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Method for manufacturing high-concentration round particle potash fertilizer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102464508A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-23 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Compound fertilizer granulation adhesive and use method thereof
CN102464509A (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-23 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Method for manufacturing high-concentration round particle potash fertilizer

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