JP4296831B2 - Fusing welding machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to, for example, fusing welder for performing connection of the armature coil of the rotary electric machine and the commutator segments.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a prior art, there is a fusing welder shown in FIG. 7 (there is no prior art document information to be disclosed). This fusing welder is, for example, for connecting an armature coil 100 and a commutator piece 110, an upper electrode 120 having a welding tip 122 fixed to an electrode body 121, and an electrode for holding the upper electrode 120 Holder 130.
The electrode holder 130 is formed with a tapered hole 131 for attaching and holding the upper electrode 120, and a cooling liquid passage 132 is formed inside the holder, and the cooling liquid passage 132 is open to the tapered hole 131. .
[0003]
On the other hand, the upper electrode 120 is formed with a tapered surface 121a on the outer periphery of the electrode body 121, and this tapered surface 121a is press-fitted into the tapered hole 131 of the electrode holder 130 and fixed. A cooling fluid passage 121b communicating with the cooling fluid passage 132 of the electrode holder 130 is formed inside the electrode body 121, and the electrode body 121 and the welding tip 122 are directly connected to the cooling fluid supplied to the cooling fluid passage 121b. To be cooled. The coolant is injected into the coolant passage 132 from the water injection port 140 provided in the electrode holder 130 and is discharged from the drain port 150 provided in the electrode holder 130.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 8, the upper electrode 120 is formed by cutting the outer peripheral shape of the electrode body 121, the inner diameter of the coolant passage 121b, the inner diameter of the mounting hole of the welding tip 122, and the like, and then a brazing material 160 is formed in the mounting hole. The welding tip 122 is fixed by melting, and after the welding tip 122 is attached, the brazing material 160 flowing out by shot peening is removed, and then the welding tip 122 is finished to a predetermined size.
[0005]
Next, replacement work of the upper electrode 120 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the water supply valve 180 provided in the water supply hose 170 (connected to the water inlet 140 of the electrode holder 130) is closed to stop the supply of the coolant, and then the same water supply hose 170 to the inside of the electrode holder 130 ( By supplying air to the coolant passage 132), the coolant is pushed out from the coolant passage 132 and extracted from the drainage hose 190 (connected to the drainage port 150 of the electrode holder 130).
[0006]
Subsequently, the upper electrode 120 is extracted from the electrode holder 130 downward in the drawing while rotating the upper electrode 120 in the circumferential direction (arrow direction in the drawing) using a predetermined jig.
Subsequently, after the taper hole 131 of the electrode holder 130 is cleaned, the replacement upper electrode 120 is driven into the taper hole 131 of the electrode holder 130 and fixed.
Finally, the water supply valve 180 is opened and the coolant is supplied to the inside of the electrode holder 130 and the upper electrode 120 (the coolant passage 132 and the coolant passage 121b) to complete the electrode replacement operation.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above fusing welding machine, the coolant passage 121b is formed inside the upper electrode 120 (electrode body 121), and the electrode body 121 and the welding tip 122 are directly connected by the coolant supplied to the coolant passage 121b. Since it is cooled, as described above, when replacing the upper electrode 120, it is necessary to extract the coolant from the inside of the electrode holder 130, and there is a problem that the replacement operation of the upper electrode 120 becomes longer.
[0008]
Further, since the upper electrode 120 is fixed by press-fitting (driving) the tapered surface 121a of the electrode body 121 into the tapered hole 131 of the electrode holder 130, if wear occurs between the tapered surface 121a and the tapered hole 131, the electrode holder Decrease in electrode holding power due to 130 and leakage of coolant occur. As a result, it is necessary to frequently replace not only the upper electrode 120 but also the electrode holder 130.
[0009]
Further, since the welding electrode 122 is brazed and fixed to the electrode body 121 in the upper electrode 120, the brazing material 160 hardly wraps around the welding tip 122, and the welding tip depends on how the brazing material 160 surrounds. Since the heat generation state of 122 changed, there was a possibility that the welding quality was deteriorated.
Further, in the method of fixing the welding tip 122 to the electrode body 121 by brazing, the manufacturing process of the upper electrode 120 is long ((1) cutting process of the electrode body 121, (2) brazing process of the welding tip 122, (3) Shot process, (4) finishing process of the welding tip 122), and the manufacturing cost becomes high.
[0010]
Furthermore, by performing a shot after brazing, the outer diameter (especially the tapered surface 121a) of the electrode body 121 is reduced, and rattling occurs when it is attached to the electrode holder 130, which may adversely affect the welding quality. there were.
The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fusing welding machine capable of shortening the time required for replacing the upper electrode and prolonging the replacement cycle. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing an upper electrode that can reduce the manufacturing cost of the upper electrode and can prevent deterioration in welding quality.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(Invention of Claim 1)
According to the present invention, there is provided an electrode holder having a coolant passage formed therein, a closed end that closes at least one end of the coolant passage, and a surface of the closed end formed as an electrode holding surface, and a welding tip And an upper electrode held on the electrode holder by pressing the mounting surface provided on the electrode body against the electrode holding surface, and the electrode holder by the coolant supplied to the coolant passage Is directly cooled, and the electrode body and the welding tip are indirectly cooled through the electrode holder.
[0012]
According to the above configuration, since one end side of the coolant passage formed inside the electrode holder is closed by the closed end, cooling is performed from the inside of the electrode holder (coolant passage) even if the upper electrode is removed from the electrode holder. Liquid does not leak. Therefore, when replacing the upper electrode, it is not necessary to extract the coolant from the inside of the electrode holder, so that the time required for replacing the upper electrode can be shortened.
[0013]
Further, the electrode holder and the upper electrode are characterized in that the electrode holding surface and the mounting surface of the electrode body are in plane contact.
In this configuration, since the electrode holding surface of the electrode holder and the mounting surface of the electrode body are brought into planar contact, the contact state between the two (electrode holding surface and mounting surface) can be kept good. As a result, the heat generation state of the welding tip can be stabilized, and the welding quality can be stabilized.
[0014]
The electrode holder has a positioning means for positioning the upper electrode in the radial direction around the electrode holding surface.
In this configuration, since the upper electrode can be positioned in the radial direction with respect to the electrode holder, the welding position can be stabilized and the welding quality can be stabilized.
[0015]
In addition, it has a clamping means for detachably fixing the upper electrode to the electrode holder, and this clamping means is supported by the electrode holder so as to be swingable, and presses the mounting surface of the electrode body against the electrode holding surface to hold the upper electrode. A clamp piece to be fixed, and a spring that is disposed between the electrode holder and the clamp piece and applies a clamping force for fixing the upper electrode to the clamp piece.
According to this configuration, since the upper electrode can be detachably fixed to the electrode holder by the clamping means, a special tool (a jig for rotating the upper electrode in the circumferential direction) is not required as in the prior art, The upper electrode can be easily replaced.
[0016]
(Invention of Claim 2 )
In human Yujingu welder according to claim 1,
The electrode body of the upper electrode is provided in a flat shape in which the outer diameter of the electrode body is larger than the height from the mounting surface to the body tip surface to which the welding tip is fixed.
In this case, the electrode body can be downsized, the electrode body can be manufactured with a small amount of material, and the material cost can be reduced.
[0017]
(Invention of Claim 3 )
In human Yujingu welder according to claim 1 or 2,
The mounting surface area of the electrode body that contacts the electrode holding surface of the electrode holder is larger than the cross-sectional area of the electrode holder excluding the cross-sectional area of the coolant passage.
According to this configuration, when the above relationship is reversed, that is, compared with the case where the electrode body mounting surface area is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the electrode holder excluding the cross-sectional area of the coolant passage, Since the energization loss energized to the upper electrode through the electrode can be reduced, it is possible to reliably energize the upper electrode from the electrode holder and to release the heat generated in the upper electrode to the electrode holder. As a result, the welding quality can be stabilized and the cooling effect of the welding tip can be improved.
[0018]
(Invention of Claim 4 )
The fusing welder according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The upper electrode is characterized in that the protruding amount of the welding tip is 10 mm or less, and chamfering is provided at the tip corner of the welding tip.
As a result, the rigidity of the welding tip is ensured, and the resistance during welding is reduced. Therefore, the welding tip is less likely to be deformed or the tip of the welding tip is missing due to the resistance during welding.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a fusing welder.
As shown in FIG. 1, the fusing welder is connected to, for example, an armature coil 51 wound around an armature core 50 of a starter motor and a commutator piece 53 insulated and held on the outer periphery of a motor rotating shaft 52. The electrode holder 1, the upper electrode 2, the lower electrode 3, the welding power source 4 and the like according to the present invention are provided.
[0023]
The electrode holder 1 has a hollow cylindrical shape inside, and both ends of the cylindrical shape are closed by a closed end 1a to form a coolant passage 5 sealed inside the cylinder. Further, a water inlet 1 b to which the water supply hose 6 is connected and a water outlet 1 c to which the drain hose 7 is connected are formed on the side surface of the electrode holder 1, and each communicates with the coolant passage 5.
The electrode holder 1 is formed as an electrode holding surface 1d having a flat closed end 1a on the lower side of the figure, and an annular wall 1e (positioning) for positioning the upper electrode 2 in the radial direction around the electrode holding surface 1d. Means) is provided in a protruding manner.
[0024]
The upper electrode 2 includes a welding tip 8 and an electrode body 9 (see FIG. 5).
The welding tip 8 is made of tungsten, for example, and is fixed to the electrode body 9.
As shown in FIG. 5, the electrode body 9 is provided in a convex shape in which a small diameter portion 9A and a large diameter portion 9B having different outer diameters are concentrically overlapped, and a welding tip 8 is fixed to the central portion of the small diameter portion 9A. ing. The large-diameter portion 9B is formed as a mounting surface 9a having a flat surface on the side opposite to the small-diameter portion, and the mounting surface 9a is attached in contact with the electrode holding surface 1d of the electrode holder 1.
[0025]
The mounting surface 9 a of the electrode body 9 and the electrode holding surface 1 d of the electrode holder 1 have the same shape (circular shape) and the same area, and the area of the mounting surface 9 a of the electrode body 9 is the same as that of the coolant passage 5. It is larger than the cross-sectional area of the electrode holder 1 excluding the cross-sectional area.
On the opposite side of the attachment surface 9a of the large diameter portion 9B, a tapered surface 9b (see FIG. 5) that receives the clamping force from the clamping means (described below) is provided over the entire circumference.
[0026]
The clamp means is composed of a set of clamp pieces 10 arranged to face the electrode holder 1 in the radial direction, and a set of springs 11 for applying a clamping force to the clamp pieces 10.
As shown in FIG. 1, the clamp piece 10 is swingably supported on the side surface of the electrode holder 1 via a stay 12, and supports the tapered surface 9 b of the electrode body 9 on one end side from the swing center O. A clamp claw 10a is provided.
[0027]
The spring 11 is arranged between the clamp piece 10 and the electrode holder 1 on the other end side from the swing center O of the clamp piece 10, and the clamp piece 10 is placed on the side opposite to the electrode holder (outside in the radial direction of the electrode holder 1). ). As a result, the clamp piece 10 is clamped by opening the other end side biased by the spring 11 to the outer side in the radial direction of the electrode holder 1 and closing one end side provided with the clamp claw 10 a to the inner side in the radial direction of the electrode holder 1. The nail | claw 10a presses the taper surface 9b of the electrode body 9, and a clamping force is provided.
[0028]
Next, the welding operation will be described.
The electrode holder 1 and the lower electrode 3 are lowered by a mechanical cylinder (not shown) or the like, and the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 are connected to the fusing weld (the armature coil 51 and the commutator piece 53 are connected to each other). Part) and the commutator piece 53 are pressurized.
Subsequently, a voltage is applied between the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 3 from the welding power source 4. Thereby, the welding tip 8 of the upper electrode 2 generates heat, and the fusing weld is connected.
Thereafter, the welding operation is repeated for each slot pitch of the armature core 50, and the connection between the armature coil 51 and the commutator piece 53 is completed.
[0029]
Next, replacement work of the upper electrode 2 will be described.
The upper electrode 2 is positioned in the radial direction by the annular wall 1e while the mounting surface 9a of the electrode body 9 is pressed against the electrode holding surface 1d of the electrode holder 1 by the clamping force received from the clamp piece 10 (FIG. 1).
Here, as shown in FIG. 2, when the other end side of the clamp piece 10 is closed radially inward of the electrode holder 1 against the reaction force of the spring 11, the one end side of the clamp piece 10 is By opening the electrode holder 1 radially outward (in the direction of arrow B in the figure), the clamp claw 10a is separated from the tapered surface 9b of the electrode body 9, and the clamping force on the upper electrode 2 is released.
In this state (state in which the clamping force is released), the used upper electrode 2 is removed from the electrode holder 1 and replaced with a new upper electrode 2, and the clamping force is again applied to the clamp piece 10 to remove the upper electrode 2. Secure to the electrode holder 1.
[0030]
(Effect of 1st Embodiment)
In the above fusing welder, both ends of the coolant passage 5 formed inside the electrode holder 1 are closed by the closed end 1a, so that even if the upper electrode 2 is removed from the electrode holder 1, the inside of the electrode holder 1 The coolant does not leak from (coolant passage 5). Therefore, when the upper electrode 2 is replaced, there is no need to extract the coolant from the coolant passage 5, and it is not necessary to inject the coolant after the electrode replacement. Compared to the above), the time required for the replacement work of the upper electrode 2 can be greatly shortened.
[0031]
Further, the electrode holder 1 and the upper electrode 2 have the electrode holding surface 1 d of the electrode holder 1 and the mounting surface 9 a of the electrode body 9 in plane contact with each other, and the mounting surface 9 a of the electrode body 9 is moved by the clamping force of the clamp piece 10. Since the structure is such that the electrode holding surface 1d of the electrode holder 1 is pressed and fixed, even if the electrode holding surface 1d and the mounting surface 9a are worn, the electrode holding force does not decrease. Further, as described above, since the coolant does not leak in the electrode holder 1, it is not necessary to frequently replace the electrode holder 1, and the electrode holder 1 replacement cycle is extended as compared with the conventional case. be able to.
[0032]
Furthermore, the electrode holding surface 1 d of the electrode holder 1 and the mounting surface 9 a of the electrode body 9 are in plane contact, and the mounting surface 9 a of the electrode body 9 is brought into contact with the electrode holding surface 1 d of the electrode holder 1 by the clamping force of the clamp piece 10. Since it is strongly pressed, the contact state between the two (electrode holding surface 1d and mounting surface 9a) can be kept good, and the heat generation state of the welding tip 8 can be stabilized.
Further, since the upper electrode 2 is positioned in the radial direction by the annular wall portion 1e provided in the electrode holder 1, it is possible to eliminate variations in the welding position. As a result, the welding quality can be stabilized.
[0033]
Since the upper electrode 2 is detachably fixed to the electrode holder 1 by a set of clamp pieces 10, a special tool (upper electrode is rotated in the circumferential direction and removed as in the prior art in the replacement operation of the upper electrode 2). No jig is required. That is, when replacing the upper electrode 2, the operator simply removes the upper electrode 2 from the electrode holder 1 by closing the other end of the clamp piece 10 inward in the radial direction of the electrode holder 1 with his / her hand. Therefore, the upper electrode 2 can be easily replaced.
[0034]
In addition, since the upper electrode 2 is provided such that the area of the mounting surface 9a of the electrode body 9 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the electrode holder 1 excluding the cross-sectional area of the coolant passage 5, there is almost no loss of electricity during welding. In addition, the upper electrode 2 can be reliably energized from the electrode holder 1, and the heat generated in the upper electrode 2 can be effectively released to the electrode holder 1. As a result, the welding quality can be stabilized and the cooling effect of the welding tip 8 can be improved.
[0035]
(Modification)
In the above embodiment, the electrode holding surface 1d of the electrode holder 1 and the mounting surface 9a of the electrode body 9 are both flat surfaces. However, if they can be brought into planar contact, they need not be flat surfaces. For example, as shown in FIG. In addition, a waveform shape may be used.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, you may provide a taper surface in the annular wall part 1e of the electrode holder 1, and the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter part 9B of the electrode body 9 fitted to the annular wall part 1e, respectively. In this case, when the upper electrode 2 is replaced (when the new upper electrode 2 is attached to the electrode holder 1), the tapered surfaces of both function as guide surfaces, and the large-diameter portion 9B of the electrode body 9 is Since it can be easily fitted to the inner periphery of the annular wall portion 1e, there is an effect that the replacement work of the upper electrode 2 can be further facilitated.
[0036]
( Reference example )
In this reference example , a method for manufacturing the upper electrode 2 described in the first embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the electrode body 9 and the welding tip 8 are integrally provided in the upper electrode 2, and the protruding amount L of the welding tip 8 protruding from the end surface of the electrode body 9 (end surface of the small diameter portion 9 </ b> A) is 10 mm. The chamfering is provided at the corner of the tip of the welding tip 8 as follows.
Moreover, the electrode body 9 has a larger outer diameter D (outer diameter of the large diameter portion 9B) than the height H from the attachment surface 9a to the end surface of the small diameter portion 9A to which the welding tip 8 is fixed. It is provided in a flat shape.
[0037]
The upper electrode 2 is manufactured by the following manufacturing process.
a) Sintering step in which the material powder used for the electrode body 9 is sintered and hardened on the outer periphery of the welding tip 8. The material powder used for the electrode body 9 is selected from a material having high thermal conductivity and good moldability, such as high-purity copper.
b) A body molding step of molding the sintered body 13 solidified in the sintering step into a predetermined shape of the electrode body 9 by cold forging. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the cold forging process, in which a die composed of a die 14 and a punch 15 shaped like an electrode body 9 and a sintered body solidified on the outer periphery of the welding tip 8. 13.
c) A tip finishing step of finishing the welding tip 8 into a predetermined shape (protrusion amount with respect to the electrode body 9, chamfering of the tip corner, etc.)
[0038]
According to the above manufacturing method, there is no need to braze and fix the welding tip 8 to the electrode body 9, so that the heat generation state of the welding tip 8 does not change depending on how the brazing material is wound, and the welding quality is stabilized. Can be made.
Also, in the conventional method of fixing the welding tip to the electrode body by brazing, the manufacturing process of the upper electrode is long ( 1. Cutting process of the electrode body, 2. Brazing step of the welding tip, 3. Shot process, 4. Welding. In contrast to the chip finishing process, according to the manufacturing method of this reference example , the brazing process can be abolished and it is not necessary to perform a shot (shot peening process) after brazing. Can be greatly shortened. As a result, the productivity of the upper electrode 2 can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0039]
Further, in the prior art, by implementing the shot after brazing, the electrode body the outer diameter (in particular tapered surface) is reduced, but backlash at the time of installation of the electrode holder there is a possibility to occur, the present embodiment According to the manufacturing method, since it is not necessary to perform a shot, the above-described problems do not occur and the welding quality is not adversely affected.
The upper electrode 2 has an outer diameter D (large diameter portion) of the electrode body 9 from a height H from the mounting surface 9a of the electrode body 9 to the body front end surface (end surface of the small diameter portion 9A) to which the welding tip 8 is fixed. Since the electrode body 9 can be miniaturized and the electrode body 9 can be manufactured with a small amount of material, the material cost can be reduced.
[0040]
In the upper electrode 2, the protruding amount L of the welding tip 8 is 10 mm or less, and since the chamfer is provided at the tip corner of the welding tip 8, the rigidity of the welding tip 8 is ensured and resistance during welding is small. Become. As a result, it is less likely that the welding tip 8 is deformed or the tip of the welding tip 8 is missing due to resistance during welding.
The material powder used for the electrode body 9 is a finishing process of the electrode body 9 after molding when a material having good moldability (for example, pure copper) is selected to form the electrode body 9 by cold forging. Can be abolished. As a result, the manufacturing process of the upper electrode 2 can be shortened, and productivity can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a fusing welder (first embodiment).
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an upper electrode replacement operation (first embodiment).
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing how the electrode holder and the upper electrode are attached (modified example).
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing how the electrode holder and the upper electrode are attached (modified example).
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an upper electrode.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a cold forging process ( reference example ).
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a fusing welder (prior art).
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an upper electrode (prior art).
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing replacement work of an upper electrode (prior art).
[Explanation of symbols]
1 electrode holder 1a closed end 1d electrode holding surface 1e annular wall (positioning means)
2 Upper electrode 5 Coolant passage 8 Welding tip 9 Electrode body 9a Mounting surface 10 Clamp piece (clamping means)
11 Spring (clamping means)
D Electrode body outer diameter H Height from electrode body mounting surface to body tip surface L Weld tip protrusion

Claims (4)

A coolant passage is formed inside, and a closed end that closes at least one end of the coolant passage is provided, and an electrode holder in which the surface of the closed end is formed as an electrode holding surface;
An electrode body having a welding tip fixed thereto, and an upper electrode held on the electrode holder by pressing an attachment surface provided on the electrode body against the electrode holding surface;
A fusing welder in which the electrode holder is directly cooled by the coolant supplied to the coolant passage, and the electrode body and the welding tip are indirectly cooled through the electrode holder;
The electrode holder and the upper electrode are in plane contact with the electrode holding surface and the mounting surface of the electrode body,
The electrode holder has positioning means for positioning the upper electrode in the radial direction around the electrode holding surface;
Clamping means for removably fixing the upper electrode to the electrode holder;
This clamping means is
A clamp piece that is supported by the electrode holder in a swingable manner and presses the mounting surface of the electrode body against the electrode holding surface to fix the upper electrode;
A fusing welder comprising: a spring disposed between the electrode holder and the clamp piece and applying a clamping force for fixing the upper electrode to the clamp piece. In the fusing welding machine according to claim 1,
The electrode body of the upper electrode is provided with a flat shape in which the outer diameter of the electrode body is larger than the height from the mounting surface to the body tip surface to which the welding tip is fixed. Jing welder. In the fusing welding machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The fusing welder according to claim 1, wherein a mounting surface area of the electrode body contacting the electrode holding surface of the electrode holder is larger than a cross-sectional area of the electrode holder excluding a cross-sectional area of the coolant passage. In any fusing welding machine according to claims 1 to 3,
The upper electrode has a protruding amount of the welding tip of 10 mm or less, and a chamfer is provided at a tip corner portion of the welding tip .

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