CN212443624U - Brazing device of shell-and-tube heat exchanger - Google Patents
Brazing device of shell-and-tube heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN212443624U CN212443624U CN202020368431.4U CN202020368431U CN212443624U CN 212443624 U CN212443624 U CN 212443624U CN 202020368431 U CN202020368431 U CN 202020368431U CN 212443624 U CN212443624 U CN 212443624U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a brazing device of shell-and-tube heat exchanger relates to shell-and-tube heat exchanger and makes the field. The brazing device of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used for brazing and connecting the heat exchange tubes in the core component with the tube plate; the brazing device comprises a workbench, an induction heating device and a vibrating device; the workbench is used for placing the core assembly; the induction heating device is arranged above the workbench and is used for heating the core assembly and melting the brazing filler metal when being electrified; the vibrating device is used for driving the worktable to vibrate so as to drive the core subassembly to generate mechanical vibration. The utility model discloses not only can shorten the time of brazing, can also promote the liquid brazing filler metal effect of caulking, form the good brazing joint of the brazing condition, can show and improve work efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a shell and tube type heat exchanger makes the field, especially relates to a brazing device of shell and tube type heat exchanger.
Background
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger which is early and widely applied in industry, has firm structure, easy manufacture and convenient cleaning, can adapt to larger heat transfer quantity, types of fluid, pressure and temperature ranges, has strong adaptability and is widely applied in the industrial fields of petrochemical industry, aerospace, automobile and steamship, nuclear power, refrigeration and the like.
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger generally comprises a shell, a tube plate and a heat exchange tube, wherein the tube plate and the heat exchange tube are arranged at the end parts of the shell, the tube plate is provided with an installation through hole, the heat exchange tube is connected with the tube plate by generally adopting a fusion welding or brazing process after being inserted into the installation through hole, and the quality of welding determines the safety reliability and the service life of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The main components of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for cooling the engine oil of the automobile engine comprise a heat exchange tube, a tube plate, a shell, a water chamber assembly, a baffle plate and the like, wherein the heat exchange tube is a red copper tube or a copper alloy tube with excellent heat conductivity, the tube plate is a stamping part made of a low-carbon steel plate, and the heat exchange tube and the tube plate are connected together through a brazing process.
Brazing refers to a welding method in which brazing filler metal lower than the melting point of a weldment and the weldment are heated to the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal at the same time, and then the liquid brazing filler metal is used for filling gaps of solid workpieces to connect metals. The brazing process adopted by the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for cooling the engine oil of the automobile engine at present mainly comprises manual flame brazing, wherein copper-phosphorus brazing filler metal or silver-based brazing filler metal rings and the like are sleeved at the joints of tube plates to be brazed during working, an operator uniformly heats the whole tube plate by using a flame brazing torch, and targeted ring burning and manual filling of brazing filler metal wires are performed according to the joint filling conditions of individual joints. The manual flame brazing has the defects of low production efficiency, long brazing heating time, easy burning loss of alloy elements in brazing filler metal, excessive dissolution of copper plating layers on the surface of low-carbon steel and copper atoms in red copper or copper alloy pipes into brazing seams, and reduction of the brazing strength of brazed joints.
The brazing time can be greatly shortened by adopting an induction heating method, particularly a high-frequency induction heating method; however, in the prior art, when the brazing device of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopts an induction heating method to braze and connect the tube plate and the joint of the heat exchange tube, the following defects exist:
the molten liquid brazing filler metal has uneven flow and poor caulking performance; therefore, the induction heating method is difficult to popularize and apply in the manufacturing of shell-and-tube heat exchanger products for cooling the engine oil of the automobile engine.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a can shorten the brazing time and can promote the brazing device of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the liquid brazing filler metal effect of caulking.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the brazing device of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used for brazing and connecting the heat exchange tubes in the core component with the tube plate;
the brazing device comprises a workbench, an induction heating device and a vibrating device; the workbench is used for placing the core component; the induction heating device is arranged above the workbench and is used for heating the core assembly and melting the brazing filler metal when being electrified; the vibration device is used for driving the workbench to vibrate so as to drive the core assembly to generate mechanical vibration.
Further, the induction heating device comprises an induction coil comprising coil bodies wound gradually outwards or gradually inwards around a central axis, with a coil gap between adjacent coil bodies;
the brazing device further comprises a position adjusting device, and the position adjusting device is used for moving or rotating the workbench to enable the part to be brazed on the core subassembly to move right below the coil body or the coil gap.
Furthermore, the position adjusting device is a rotating device, and the brazing device further comprises a lifting device;
the workbench is arranged on the vibration device, the vibration device is arranged on the rotating device, and the rotating device is arranged on the lifting device.
Further, the induction heating device comprises an induction coil comprising a number of turns of coil, the number of coils being configured to be in the same plane.
Further, a clamping device is included for clamping the core assembly to limit axial and/or radial movement of the core assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the brazing time can be shortened, the joint filling effect of the liquid brazing filler metal can be improved, a brazed joint with good brazing condition is formed, and the working efficiency can be remarkably improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the brazing apparatus of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a brazing apparatus of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the core assembly of the present invention prior to brazing;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction coil according to the present invention;
in the figure: 10. a core assembly; 101. the front joint part of the tube plate; 102. the joint part on the back of the tube plate; 11. a tube sheet; 12. a heat exchange pipe; 13. brazing filler metal; 20. an induction heating device; 21. an induction coil; 211. a coil body; 212. a coil gap; 30. a vibrating device; 40. a rotating device; 50. a lifting device; 60. a clamping device; 71. a first fastener; 72. a second fastener; 73. and a third fastener.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that the embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a brazing apparatus for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is used for brazing a heat exchange tube 12 in a core assembly 10 to a tube sheet 11; the brazing device comprises a workbench, an induction heating device 20 and a vibrating device 30; a table for placing the core assembly 10; the induction heating device 20 is arranged above the workbench, namely above the core assembly 10, and is used for heating the core assembly 10 and melting the brazing filler metal 13 when the induction coil 21 is electrified; the vibration device 30 is used for driving the worktable to vibrate so as to drive the core subassembly 10 to generate mechanical vibration.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the induction heating device 20 is a high-frequency induction heating device 20, and the induction heating device 20 includes an induction coil 21.
The brazing device of the embodiment adopts the induction coil 21 to perform induction heating on the core subassembly 10, so that the brazing time can be effectively shortened, and during the induction heating, the core subassembly 10 is driven by the vibration device 30 to generate mechanical vibration with certain frequency, the surface tension of the molten liquid brazing filler metal 13 at the joint part of the tube plate 11 can be reduced, the gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 12 and the hole wall of the tube plate 11 can be continuously changed, the capillary effect can be improved, the liquid metal can flow to the joint part 102 at the back of the tube plate, and the brazing joint with good brazing condition can be formed.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, in order to enable the core assembly 10 to be heated more uniformly, the induction coil 21 includes coil bodies 211 wound gradually outward or gradually inward around the central axis with coil gaps 212 between adjacent coil bodies 211; the soldering apparatus further includes a position adjusting device for moving or rotating the table to move the portion to be soldered on the core assembly 10 directly under the coil body 211 or the coil gap 212.
Preferably, the position adjusting device is a rotating device 40, and the brazing device further comprises a lifting device 50;
the table is attached to the vibration device 30, the vibration device 30 is attached to the rotation device 40, and the rotation device 40 is attached to the lifting device 50.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, in order to improve the heating effect, the induction coil 21 in the present embodiment is formed by winding the coil body 211, and the induction coil 21 includes several coils, and the several coils are configured to be in the same plane. The induction coil 21 in this embodiment is formed by winding a copper pipe.
Preferably, in order to enable the core sub-assembly 10 to maintain a relative position on the table when the vibration device 30 and/or the rotation device 40 are activated, the brazing apparatus of the present embodiment further includes a clamping device 60 for clamping the core sub-assembly 10 to restrict axial and/or radial movement of the core sub-assembly 10.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the vibration device 30 is a vibration table (electrically operated, with a frequency range of 2 to 10kHz), the work table is a top table of the vibration table, the rotation device 40 is a rotation table, and the lifting device 50 is a lifting table; the lifting platform is fixed on the ground; the rotating table is fixed on the lifting table through a first fastener 71; the vibration table is fixed on the rotating table through a second fastener 72; the clamping device 60 is secured to the vibration table by a third fastener 73.
The working process of the brazing device in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) firstly, the core component 10 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to be welded is placed in a clamping device 60 and firmly clamped;
(2) then, the brazing filler metal 13 ring is placed in a counter bore on the tube plate 11, and a proper amount of brazing flux is brushed (in order to better wet the base metal, the phosphorus-containing self-fluxing brazing filler metal 13 ring is also preferably used in combination with the brazing flux);
(3) operating the lifting platform to enable the part of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to be brazed to be close to the lower surface of the induction coil 21 (the closer the part is, the contact cannot be generated); switching on a power supply of the rotating table to enable the core assembly 10 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to be welded to rotate at a rotating speed of 4-10 r/min; switching on a power supply of the high-frequency induction heating device 20, and carrying out induction heating on the part to be brazed; after most of brazing filler metal 13 rings are observed to be melted or begin to be melted, a power supply of the vibration table is immediately switched on; after the vibration is carried out for a plurality of seconds (the specific vibration time is determined according to the frequency of the vibration table and the joint filling condition of the liquid brazing filler metal 13), the power supply of the vibration table is firstly closed, then the power supply of the high-frequency induction heating device 20 is closed, and finally the power supply of the rotating table is closed; and operating the lifting platform to restore the lifting platform to the original position. The brazing process of the tube-shell heat exchanger tube plate 11 joint is completed.
On the basis of the structure, the utility model discloses a brazing process that brazing device adopted as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the brazing process of the present embodiment is used to melt the brazing filler metal 13 between the tube plate 11 and the heat exchange tube 12, and assist to improve the flow uniformity of the brazing filler metal 13 by mechanical vibration, so as to improve the caulking effect of the brazing filler metal 13.
The brazing process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the embodiment is suitable for brazing the core assembly 10 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the core assembly 10 comprises a tube plate 11 and a heat exchange tube 12, the tube plate 11 is provided with a mounting through hole, the end part of the mounting through hole is provided with a counter bore, and the counter bore is used for placing brazing filler metal 13; the heat exchange tube 12 is inserted into the installation through hole of the tube plate 11, and a gap exists between the heat exchange tube 12 and the inner wall of the installation through hole of the tube plate 11; the molten brazing filler metal 13 is used for filling the gap to realize the connection of the heat exchange tube 12 and the tube plate 11.
The brazing process of the embodiment is suitable for brazing of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for cooling the engine oil of the automobile engine.
The brazing process of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
placing a workpiece to be welded: placing the core assembly 10 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to be brazed on a workbench, and enabling the part to be brazed of the core assembly 10 to be positioned below the induction coil 21; the core component 10 comprises a tube plate 11 and a heat exchange tube 12, wherein the heat exchange tube 12 is inserted into a mounting through hole on the tube plate 11; the position to be brazed is a gap between the tube plate 11 and the heat exchange tube 12;
placing the brazing filler metal 13: placing brazing filler metal 13 in a counter bore at the end of the mounting through hole of the tube plate 11;
an induction heating step: the induction coil 21 is electrified to perform induction heating on the part to be brazed and melt the brazing filler metal 13, so that a gap to be filled between the tube plate 11 and the heat exchange tube 12 is filled;
a vibration step: the table is driven into vibration to mechanically vibrate the core assembly 10.
Preferably, after the step of placing the brazing filler 13, a proper amount of flux is brushed to better wet the base metal; when the brazing filler metal 13 is a ring of phosphorus-containing self-fluxing brazing filler metal 13, it is also preferably used in combination with a brazing flux.
Preferably, in the induction heating step in this embodiment, the portion to be brazed is heated by a high-frequency induction heating process.
Specifically, in the induction heating step, when most of the brazing filler metal 13 is observed to be melted or starts to be melted, immediately performing a vibration step for vibrating for a certain time; in actual operation, the specific vibration time depends on the frequency of the vibration device 30 and the observed caulking condition of the liquid filler metal 13.
The tube plate 11 of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is made of a different material from the heat exchange tube 12, and in the manufacture of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for cooling the engine oil of the automobile engine, the heat exchange tube 12 is preferably a copper tube or a copper alloy tube with excellent heat conductivity, and the tube plate 11 is preferably a stamped part of a mild steel plate.
In the embodiment, the induction coil 21 is adopted to heat the core assembly 10 in an induction heating mode, so that the heating efficiency is high, and the brazing time can be greatly shortened; on the basis of adopting the induction heating method, this embodiment adopts the supplementary induction heating brazing process of mechanical vibration, can promote the effect of caulking of liquid brazing filler metal 13, and the concrete principle is as follows:
when the electromagnetic induction heating method is adopted, because the tube plate 11 and the heat exchange tube 12 are made of different materials, the temperature rise speed of the tube plate 11 made of the low-carbon steel plate is higher than that of the heat exchange tube 12 made of the red copper tube or the copper alloy tube; in addition, due to the skin effect in the electromagnetic induction heating, the tube sheet 11 has an uneven temperature distribution in the thickness direction, and the front surface near the induction coil 21 has a higher temperature and the back surface far from the induction coil 21 has a lower temperature. Thus, when the temperature of the filler metal 13 exceeds its solidus, the molten liquid filler metal 13 tends to flood or accumulate on the surface of the tube sheet 11 where the temperature is high at the tube sheet front joint area 101. The brazing process of the embodiment adopts a vibration step, so that the core component 10 generates mechanical vibration, the surface tension of the molten liquid brazing filler metal 13 at the joint part of the tube plate 11 can be reduced, the gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 12 and the hole wall of the installation through hole of the tube plate 11 can be continuously changed, the capillary action is improved, the molten brazing filler metal 13 can flow to the joint part 102 at the back of the tube plate, and the joint filling effect of the brazing filler metal 13 is improved.
The brazing process of the embodiment can shorten the brazing time, improve the joint filling effect of the liquid brazing filler metal 13, form a brazed joint with good brazing condition and remarkably improve the working efficiency by assisting with mechanical vibration during induction heating.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, since the induction coil 21 is used for supplying power in the present embodiment, in order to facilitate observing the melting condition of the brazing filler metal 13 and facilitating taking and placing the core assembly 10, in the present embodiment, the core assembly 10 is placed below the induction coil 21, and on the basis, in order to ensure the heating effect, the induction coil 21 formed by winding the coil body 211 gradually outwards or inwards around the central axis is used for induction heating. In this embodiment, the coil body 211 is a copper tube, the heating temperature below the copper tube is higher, and the heating temperature below the gap between two adjacent circles of copper tubes is lower.
Preferably, in order to improve the brazing effect, the brazing process further comprises a position adjusting step, wherein the position adjusting step comprises the following steps: adjusting the position of the core assembly 10 so that the portion to be soldered can move directly below the coil body 211 of the induction coil 21 and directly below the coil gap 212 between the adjacent coil bodies 211; the induction coil 21 is wound with a central axis, so that the core assembly 10 can be uniformly heated.
The position adjusting step may be a moving step, a rotating step, or other steps on the basis of the above brazing process.
Preferably, the position adjusting step is a rotating step, and the rotating step is: the driving table is rotated about a rotation axis perpendicular to the end surface of the induction coil 21 to rotate the core assembly 10 about the rotation axis so that each portion to be brazed can be moved directly below the coil body 211 of the induction coil 21 and directly below the coil gap 212 between the adjacent coil bodies 211; thus, heating uniformity can be improved.
Preferably, the position adjusting step is performed simultaneously with the induction heating step.
Preferably, the brazing process is used for welding the low-carbon steel tube plate 11 and the red copper heat exchange tube 12 or welding the low-carbon steel tube plate 11 and the copper alloy heat exchange tube 12;
the core component 10 comprises a heat exchange tube 12 and a tube plate 11, wherein the tube plate 11 is provided with an installation through hole, the top end of the installation through hole is provided with a counter bore, the heat exchange tube 12 is inserted into the installation through hole, a gap between the heat exchange tube 12 and the installation through hole is a gap to be filled, and a brazing filler metal 13 is placed in the counter bore.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A brazing device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is characterized in that:
the brazing device is used for brazing and connecting the heat exchange tube in the core component with the tube plate;
the brazing device comprises a workbench, an induction heating device and a vibrating device; the workbench is used for placing the core component; the induction heating device is arranged above the workbench and is used for heating the core assembly and melting the brazing filler metal when being electrified; the vibration device is used for driving the workbench to vibrate so as to drive the core assembly to generate mechanical vibration.
2. The brazing apparatus for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein:
the induction heating device comprises an induction coil, wherein the induction coil comprises coil bodies which are wound around a central axis gradually outwards or inwards, and a coil gap is formed between every two adjacent coils of the coil bodies;
the brazing device further comprises a position adjusting device, and the position adjusting device is used for moving or rotating the workbench to enable the part to be brazed on the core subassembly to move right below the coil body or the coil gap.
3. The brazing apparatus for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein:
the position adjusting device is a rotating device, and the brazing device further comprises a lifting device;
the workbench is arranged on the vibration device, the vibration device is arranged on the rotating device, and the rotating device is arranged on the lifting device.
4. The brazing apparatus for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein:
the induction heating device comprises an induction coil, wherein the induction coil comprises a plurality of turns of coils, and the coils are configured to be in the same plane.
5. The brazing apparatus for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
further comprising clamping means for clamping the core assembly to limit axial and/or radial movement of the core assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020368431.4U CN212443624U (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2020-03-19 | Brazing device of shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020368431.4U CN212443624U (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2020-03-19 | Brazing device of shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
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| CN212443624U true CN212443624U (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111390316A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-10 | 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 | Brazing process and device for shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
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2020
- 2020-03-19 CN CN202020368431.4U patent/CN212443624U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111390316A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-10 | 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 | Brazing process and device for shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
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