JP4292336B2 - Cabin air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a configuration of a cabin air conditioner (air conditioner) mounted on a work vehicle for automobiles, transportation, construction, or agricultural work.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as in a cabin such as a tractor shown in JP-A-8-192620, a roof composed of an outer roof and an inner roof is provided, and an air conditioner is installed in the gap between the outer roof and the inner roof. It has been known. Further, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-115478, a configuration is also known in which a gap between the outer roof and the inner roof is used as an air passage to send inside air or outside air taken from the rear of the vehicle body to a fan at the front of the vehicle body. ing.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-192620 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-115478
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When a cabin is mounted on a vehicle, it is necessary to make the roof thickness as thin and compact as possible for reasons such as legal vehicle height restrictions and driving environments. Moreover, when providing an air conditioner in a roof, the structure which ensures sufficient ventilation and does not impair thermal efficiency is desirable.
[0005]
However, the air conditioner (air conditioner) disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-192620 has a fan, an evaporator, and a heater arranged in a straight line in the front and rear to achieve a certain cooling efficiency or heating efficiency. The capacity of each device must be set large, and a large installation space is required in the cabin.
[0006]
Further, when an air conditioner is configured by using the invention described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-115478 and the fan described therein is provided with an evaporator and a heater, in the same ventilation path between the outside air and the inside air, for example, However, when direct sunlight shines on the roof, there is a problem that the cooling efficiency is poor even if the inside air is circulated.
[0007]
In particular, when the cool air is circulated slightly in order to keep the room temperature in the cabin constant, there is a problem that this temperature rises when air passes through the gap portion, resulting in poor thermal efficiency. On the other hand, when the heater is operated at a low temperature, there is a problem that the temperature is cooled when the air passes through the gap and the heating effect is poor.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows.
That is, the invention of claim 1 is provided with a roof (1) comprising an outer roof (1A) and an inner roof (1B), and is provided in a gap (2) between the outer roof (1A) and the inner roof (1B). In the cabin of a vehicle that is equipped with an air conditioner (3),
A case (30) of the air conditioner (3) is formed in a horizontally long shape in the left-right width direction of the roof (1), and in the case (30), the left and right sides are directed to the center and the left and right sides. The fan (31), the evaporator (32), and the heater (33) are respectively provided in this order, and the air that has passed through the evaporator (32) or the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) on the front and rear surfaces of the case (30). Is opened on the side of the wind guide (37) provided on the back surface of the case (30), and the evaporator (32) is formed on the front and rear facing surfaces of the first air outlet (35r). And the air that has passed through the heater (33) opens the second exhaust port (35f) that exhausts the air that has passed through the heater (33) to the defroster outlet (38) provided on the front surface of the case (30), and passes through the evaporator (32). The An air path switching first shutter (41) for selecting whether to flow to one exhaust port (35r) or to the heater (33) side is provided, and the air passing through both the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) is The cabin air conditioner is provided with an air path switching second shutter (42) for selecting whether to flow to one exhaust port (35r) or to the second exhaust port (35f).
(Operation of claim 1)
In the cabin air conditioner configured as described above, the air sent from the fan (31) on one side of the case left and right and passed through the evaporator (32) is allowed to flow to the first air outlet (35r), Alternatively, whether to flow to the heater (33) side is selected by the air path switching first shutter (41).
Further, whether the air that has passed through the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) flows directly to the first exhaust port (35r) side or the second exhaust port (35f) side is switched to the air path switching second shutter (42 ) To select.
[0009]
And the air which flowed to the 1st exhaust port (35r) side is exhausted by the wind direction guide (37), and the air which flowed to the 2nd exhaust port (35f) side is exhausted to the defroster blower outlet (38) side. .
[0010]
[0011]
[0012]
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
Thereby, in invention of Claim 1, the roof (1) which consists of an outer roof (1A) and an inner roof (1B) is provided, and the clearance gap (2) of the said outer roof (1A) and an inner roof (1B) In the cabin of a vehicle that is equipped with an air conditioner (3)
A case (30) of the air conditioner (3) is formed in a horizontally long shape in the left-right width direction of the roof (1), and in the case (30), the left and right sides are directed to the center and the left and right sides. Fan (31), evaporator (32), heater (33) in this order,
First, the air passing through the evaporator (32) or the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) is exhausted to the wind direction guide (37) side provided on the back surface of the case (30) on the front and rear surfaces of the case (30) . A defroster in which one exhaust port (35r) is opened and air that has passed through both the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) is provided on the front surface of the case (30) on the front- rear facing surface of the first exhaust port (35r). By configuring the second air outlet (35f) for exhausting air to the air outlet (38) side,
While air is moved from one side to the other side in the case (30) of the air conditioner, it can be cooled or warmed, the ventilation path can be simplified and the entire apparatus can be made compact. For example, the evaporator (32) In addition, the heater (33) is provided with the more frequently used one or the one with the fastest heat change on the windward side, so that the temperature of the cooled air is not increased, or the warmed air is not cooled, and the first air outlet (35r ) Can be exhausted, and the thermal efficiency in the cabin can be increased.
[0014]
Further, by providing the air path switching first shutter (41), it is possible to select whether the air that has passed through the evaporator (32) flows to the first exhaust port (35r) or to the heater (33) side. it can.
[0015]
Further, by providing the air path switching second shutter (42), the air that has passed through both the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) flows to the first air exhaust port (35r), or the second air exhaust port (35f). You can choose whether to flow.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the form which mounted the air-conditioner of this invention in the cabin of the agricultural tractor is explained.
First, the configuration of the tractor T will be described.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 5, the tractor T includes an engine E inside the hood 11 at the front of the vehicle body, and transmits the rotational power of the engine E to the rear wheels 13 </ b> R via various transmissions in the transmission case 12. It is configured to travel by two-wheel drive or to travel to four-wheel drive by transmitting to the front and rear wheels 13F and 13R. Further, the rotational power of the engine E is used to charge electricity to the battery 14 in front of the engine or to circulate refrigerant and hot water of the air conditioner 3 described later.
[0018]
A cabin C surrounding the handle 15 and the cockpit 16 is provided behind the engine E.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cabin C is provided with a floor 17 extending from below the handle 15 to the cockpit 16, and fenders 65 are provided on both sides thereof. Further, front frames 18 and 18 are erected on the front left and right of the floor 17, rear frames 19 and 19 are erected on the left and right sides of the back portion of the cockpit 16, and the left and right front and rear frames respectively. The upper ends of the left and right front frames 18, 18 are connected to each other at the front roof frame 21, and the upper ends of the left and right rear frames 19, 19 are connected to the roof. The rear frame 22 is connected.
[0019]
Further, several auxiliary plates 27, 27 are spanned between the left and right roof frames 20, 20, and various operation members (inside / outside air switching lever 9a, temperature adjustment dial 9b) of the audio equipment and the air conditioner 3 are placed on the plate 28. ) Is attached.
A front glass 23 is attached between the left and right front frames 18 and 18, a side glass 24 and a rear glass 25 are attached between the rear frames 19 and 19, and a glass door 26 is provided between the left and right front and rear frames 18 and 19. Is configured to be rotatably attached to the rear frame 19.
[0020]
Next, the configuration of the air conditioner 3 and the flow of wind in the apparatus 3 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the air conditioner 3 is configured by a resin case 30, and a fan 31 is arranged on the right side of the case 30 (upper side in FIG. 7) toward the front of the vehicle body, and at the center. The evaporator 32 and the heater 33 are provided on the left side. Specifically, the evaporator 32 and the heater 33 face each other toward the air outlet 35r on the rear surface of the case, which will be described later, while the side portions adjacent to each other at the front and rear positions partially overlap (reference numeral W in the drawing). The heater 33 is arranged to face the side surface of the case.
[0021]
Further, the case 30 is provided with an air inlet 34 at the top of the fan 31 and a front air outlet 35f (second air outlet) on the left side of the front of the case, and a rear air outlet at the center of the case back. It is the structure which opens 35r (1st air exhaust port).
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a duct 39 having defroster outlets 38 is attached to the front exhaust port 35f, and a duct 40 having a plurality of wind direction guides 37 is attached to the rear exhaust port 35r. It has become. Further, both the ducts 39 and 40 are set so as to be tapered toward the leeward side, and the air velocity is gradually reduced to increase the wind speed blown out from the air outlets 37 and 38.
[0022]
Further, at the rear of the evaporator 32, there are provided air path switching first shutters 41 that rotate about the vertical axes P1 and so on, and they are integrally rotated via a link mechanism by a separately provided operation lever. The air passage to the rear exhaust port 35r is opened and closed. As a result, the shutter 41 is switched to select whether the air flowing from the fan 31 side is allowed to flow directly to the rear exhaust port 35r or to the heater 33 side.
[0023]
In addition, air path switching second shutters 42 and 42 that rotate about the vertical axis P2... Are provided on the left side of the heater 33 (lower side in FIG. 7), and the operation lever is provided separately in the same manner as described above. It is configured to operate integrally through a link mechanism, and to select whether the air flowing from the evaporator 32 side is allowed to flow to the front exhaust path 35f or the rear exhaust port 35r.
[0024]
Thus, when cooling the cabin C, the fan 31 and the evaporator 32 are operated, and the air taken in from the air intake port 34 is blown out from the wind direction guide 37 through the evaporator 32, the first shutter 41, and the rear exhaust port 35r. When heating the interior of the cabin C, the fan 31 and the heater 33 are operated, and the air taken in from the air inlet 34 is blown out from the air direction guide 37 through the non-operating evaporator 32, the heater 33, and the rear exhaust port 35r.
[0025]
Further, when the windshield 23 is struck with cold air or warm air, the fan 31 and the evaporator 32 or heater 33 are operated, and the air taken in from the air inlet 34 is sent to the evaporator 32, heater 33, second shutter 42, front The air is blown out from the defroster outlet 38 through the air outlet 35f.
[0026]
In the air conditioner configured as described above, the evaporator 32 and the heater 33 are provided with the front and rear positions partially overlapping and inclined in the oblique direction, so that the case lateral width can be made as compact as possible. The evaporator 32 is provided in an oblique direction toward the exhaust port side, and the cooled air can be exhausted at a short distance from the rear exhaust port 35r, so that the thermal efficiency in the cabin can be increased.
[0027]
Note that arrows shown in FIG. 7 indicate main wind flow patterns in the case 30. Further, the positions of the evaporator 32 and the heater 3 may be interchanged depending on the use frequency and thermal efficiency. The air conditioner 3 uses the first and second switching shutters 41 and 42, the evaporator 32, the heater 33 and the like as actuators. As a so-called auto air conditioner type in which the room temperature in the cabin is detected by a sensor or the like and this temperature is kept constant or the amount of air blown from the rear exhaust port 35r is reduced when hot air is set. Also good.
[0028]
Next, the ventilation path to the said air conditioner 3 is demonstrated based on FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 4, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the roof 1 of the cabin C includes an outer roof 1 </ b> A that is exposed to the outside air and an inner roof 1 </ b> B that serves as an interior material, and the left and right roof frames 20 that support the left and right sides of the roof of the cabin C. And the rear frame 22 and the auxiliary plate 27.
[0029]
More specifically, the outer roof 1A is blow-molded, and the hollow portion is used for the outside air ventilation path D1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, an L-shaped hollow portion (hereinafter referred to as an outer hollow portion 4 a) that covers the outside of the left and right roof frames 20 is formed at both left and right end portions, and the front and rear directions are also formed at the center portion The hollow portions (hereinafter referred to as the inner hollow portions 4b, 4b...) Are formed in a row shape and are flat in cross section, and the hollow portions 4a and 4b are formed in the outside air inlet 5 that is opened on the lower surface of the rear end portion of the outer roof 1A. It becomes the composition which communicates. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a filter case 28 having a paper filter is fitted in the outside air introduction port 5, and is detachable by knob bolts 29 and 29.
[0030]
The flat hollow portions 4b, 4b,... May be a single wide hollow portion, or may be further narrowed to increase the number of strips.
Further, at the front part of the outer roof 1A, the left and right outer hollow parts 4a, 4a and the inner hollow parts 4b are joined together to extend an outside air vent D1, and external air is passed through a communication hole 6 opened to the right front part on the lower surface of the roof. It is the structure which communicates with the gap | interval part 2 with the said inner roof 1B.
[0031]
The roof front frame 21 located in the vicinity of the communication hole 6 is provided with an outside / inside air switching shutter 8 that opens and closes the communication hole 6 via a bracket.
Thereby, when the switching shutter 8 blocks the communication hole 6, the inside air is sent to the fan 31 of the air conditioner 3, and when the communication hole 6 is opened, the outside air and the inside air are sent to the fan 31. It has become.
[0032]
The left and right roof frames 20 and 20 are formed by a convex frame having an inner side in a sectional view and a protruding portion 20a formed on the outer side. The outer roof 1A is in contact with the upper surface and the inner roof 1B is in the lower surface. Are brought into contact with each other with a common bolt 50.
[0033]
Similarly, the auxiliary plate 27 is configured to be fixed with a common screw 51 while the outer roof 1A is in contact with the upper surface and the inner roof 1B is in contact with the lower surface.
Also, in the left and right ones, the protruding portion 20a of the left roof frame 20 in FIG. 1, pipes 52 and 52 for circulating the refrigerant to the evaporator 32 of the air conditioner 3, and various electric devices attached to the roof 1, such as the fan. On the other hand, hoses 53 and 53 for circulating hot water to the heater 33 are routed in the protruding portion 20a of the roof frame 20 on the right side in FIG. It is configured to extend downward along the inner side.
[0034]
In the tractor T configured as described above, the inside air ventilation path D2 to be sent to the air conditioner 3 is sandwiched between the outer roof 1A and the inner roof 1B, and the gap portion 2 surrounded by the roof frames 20 and 20 on the left and right. The upper part of the gap 2 is covered with an outside air passage D1 formed in the outer roof 1A, that is, an inner hollow part 4b formed between the left and right roof frames.
[0035]
As a result, when the outside air and the inside air ventilation path are respectively constructed in the roof 1, the outside air ventilation path is interposed above the inside air ventilation path. In the case of maintaining the temperature, it is possible to suppress heating while passing through the gap portion 2, thereby suppressing the temperature change of the inside air and improving the cooling efficiency. On the contrary, in a cold environment, the heating effect by the heater can be improved.
[0036]
Further, here, the hollow portion 4b within the cabin frame width protrudes in a row from the lower surface of the outer roof 1B, and the hollow portion outside the cabin frame is formed in a horizontal L shape, so that the outside air flow rate is reduced. While ensuring, the thickness of a cabin can be suppressed and the vehicle height of a tractor can be comprised low.
[0037]
Further, the arrangement of the refrigerant and heater piping of the air conditioner 3 will be described.
10 shows the rear frame 19 through which the refrigerant pipe 52, the hot water pipe 53 or wirings of the air conditioner 3 are inserted. Here, three upper and lower plate members 60a, 60b, 60c are welded to the inside of the frame of the cabin C, and the hinges 61, 61 of the glass door 26 are pivotally supported on the upper and lower plates 60a, 60b. The plate 60b is provided with a fuse box 64 for storing the news of various electrical components such as the air conditioner, acoustic equipment, and various control lamps of the tractor. Further, the cover 62 on the side of the fuse box is formed with a small window 63 that can be opened and closed, and the fuse is inspected and replaced from the window 63. Thereby, maintainability can be improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the pipes 52 and 53 extending downward along the rear frame 19 are arranged on the front side of the vehicle body, that is, on the engine E along the inner side of the convex portion 65a serving as the door seal surface on the upper surface of the fender 65. It is configured to route to the vicinity.
[0038]
The fender convex portion 65a is welded to a concave rear frame 65 that surrounds the rear of the cockpit inside the cover 62 that fits inside the rear frame 19 of the cabin C. As a result, the welded portion of the tractor T is not represented outside, and the aesthetic appearance is not impaired.
[0039]
Incidentally, reference numeral 70 in the figure denotes a washer tank housed below the step portion on the back surface of the cabin, and is configured to check or replenish the amount of liquid inside the tank through the upper opening / closing window 71.
Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the rear glass 25 is provided with a wiper 72 at the upper middle portion, and the wiper arm 73 is extended downward, and a hand catcher 74 is adapted to the storage state of the wiper 72. It is the structure which extends.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a roof (cross-section AA in FIG. 4).
(B) Cross section of a roof (BB cross section of FIG. 4).
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a roof end.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the roof.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the front part of the roof.
FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the tractor.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a frame of a cabin and a four-side view of a fender.
Fig. 7 (A) Plan view of air conditioner
(B) Front view of an air conditioner.
FIG. 8 is a view showing the outer shape of the outer roof.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a mounting configuration of an outside air inlet and a filter case.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of piping arrangement along the rear frame.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of piping arranged along a fender.
FIG. 12A is a rear view of a rear glass.
(B) Top view of the rear glass.
[Explanation of symbols]
T Tractor 1 Roof 1A Outer roof 1B Inner roof 2 Gap 3 Air conditioner 4a Outside hollow 4b Inside hollow 5 Outside air inlet 6 Communication hole 7 Inside air inlet 20 Left and right roof frame 27 Auxiliary plate 30 Air conditioner case 31 Fan 32 Evaporator 33 Heater 35f Front exhaust port 35r Rear exhaust port

Claims (1)

A vehicle in which a roof (1) including an outer roof (1A) and an inner roof (1B) is provided, and an air conditioner (3) is installed in a gap (2) between the outer roof (1A) and the inner roof (1B). In the cabin
A case (30) of the air conditioner (3) is formed in a horizontally long shape in the left-right width direction of the roof (1), and in the case (30), the left and right sides are directed to the center and the left and right sides. Fan (31), evaporator (32), heater (33) in this order,
First, the air passing through the evaporator (32) or the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) is exhausted to the wind direction guide (37) provided on the back surface of the case (30) on the front and rear surfaces of the case (30) . A defroster in which one exhaust port (35r) is opened and air that has passed through both the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) is provided on the front surface of the case (30) on the front and rear facing surfaces of the first exhaust port (35r). Open the second air outlet (35f) for exhausting air to the air outlet (38) side,
An air path switching first shutter (41) for selecting whether the air that has passed through the evaporator (32) flows to the first exhaust port (35r) or to the heater (33) side is provided,
An air path switching second shutter (42) for selecting whether the air that has passed through both the evaporator (32) and the heater (33) flows to the first exhaust port (35r) or the second exhaust port (35f); A cabin air conditioner characterized by being provided.

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