JP4291443B2 - Hydraulic equipment for crane - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hydraulic device for a work vehicle that can appropriately drive and control each hydraulic drive part of a hydraulic work vehicle such as a crane having a traveling function and an outrigger device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART A hydraulically driven work vehicle, for example, a traveling crane, has a vehicle body supported by a crawler driven by a traveling hydraulic actuator, and can move to each work place. Further, at the work place, the hydraulic actuator for outrigger operation is driven so that the vehicle body does not fall down, and the four support legs of the outrigger device are extended to support the vehicle body in a stable state with respect to the ground. . With the vehicle body supported by the outrigger device, the crane's hydraulic actuator is driven to extend and retract the boom of the crane, turn the swivel that supports the boom, raise and lower the boom, and By lifting and lowering, heavy objects are lifted and hung.
[0003]
Here, it is dangerous to perform an operation such as extending the crane while traveling, and similarly, it is also dangerous to travel while working with the crane. For this reason, conventionally, a method has been adopted in which the traveling lever and the crane operating lever are arranged away from each other, for example, at the front and rear ends of the vehicle body, so that the traveling lever and the crane operating lever are not operated simultaneously.
[0004]
Next, conventionally, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-8-59185, in order to make the hydraulic mechanism compact, the control valve of the crane working hydraulic actuator in the crane is used as the hydraulic actuator for outrigger operation. A hydraulic device that also serves as a control valve has been proposed. In the crane equipped with this hydraulic apparatus, the operation lever for operating the combined control valve is also used as a crane operation lever and an outrigger operation lever. In the work, a switch or the like is operated to switch the hydraulic pressure supply path via the control valve to the crane operation side or the outrigger operation side.
[0005]
On the other hand, conventionally, when performing the work of extending the outrigger device, a warning light such as a rotating light or a flashing light attached to the crane body is turned on and a buzzer is sounded, both visually and audibly. The operator around the device is alerted to the danger.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the conventional traveling crane, these levers are physically arranged at positions away from each other so that the traveling operation lever and the crane operation lever are not operated simultaneously. However, in this case, there is a risk that another worker erroneously operates the traveling operation lever or the crane operation lever. In addition, when operating the crane operation lever, it is not possible to move the travel operation lever at a distant position, but during crane work, for example, when the crane is extended and stood up to lift luggage etc. The worker can move from the crane operation lever to the traveling operation lever side to perform the traveling operation. Therefore, there is a risk of the crane falling over.
[0007]
Next, in the type in which the crane operation lever and the outrigger operation lever are used as a common operation lever and the crane work and the outrigger extension work are switched by a switch for switching as described in the above-mentioned publication, a changeover switch It is difficult to tell which side is switched to. It is dangerous to misunderstand which one has been switched because it may cause erroneous operation.
[0008]
On the other hand, when an outrigger is extended and retracted by a crane or the like, the worker presses an alarm lamp, a buzzer, or the like arranged on the vehicle to alert the surrounding workers. Since the alarm is issued depending on the manual operation of the worker in this way, there is a danger that the alarm is forgotten to be sounded. Further, since an alarm cannot be issued during operation of the outrigger device, it is dangerous for surrounding workers.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to propose a hydraulic device for a work vehicle that can avoid the danger in such a conventional traveling crane or the like.
[0010]
Specifically, an object of the present invention is to propose a working vehicle hydraulic device that always functions only one of a traveling lever and a working lever for crane operation and the like.
[0011]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a work operating member for crane operation and an outrigger in a hydraulic device for a work vehicle in which the hydraulic actuator for work for crane operation and the hydraulic actuator for outrigger work are driven through a common control valve. The operation member for operation is of a different type in order to avoid the risk of erroneous operation.
[0012]
Furthermore, the subject of this invention is providing the hydraulic device for work vehicles which can issue a warning reliably at the time of an outrigger operation.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a hydraulic source, a crane working hydraulic actuator, a traveling hydraulic actuator, and hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source to the crane working hydraulic actuator and the traveling hydraulic actuator. And a switching valve that can switch a hydraulic pressure supply destination from the hydraulic pressure source so as to be one of the crane working hydraulic actuator and the traveling hydraulic actuator. A manual operation member that controls the switching valve, and the manual operation member is a support member that supports a travel lever for manual operation for operating the travel hydraulic actuator, and the support member Can be swung from the standing position to the fall position, and the support member is in the standing position. , The hydraulic supply destination from the hydraulic pressure source by switching valve is set to the side of the travel hydraulic actuators, and the travel lever has been raised to a position where it interferes with the crane pivoted by the crane working actuator In the state where the support member is in the tilted position, the switching valve sets the hydraulic pressure supply source from the hydraulic source to the crane working hydraulic actuator side , and the travel lever does not interfere with the crane. It is characterized by descending to .
[0014]
According to the present invention, since the hydraulic circuit is selectively switched by the switching valve, even when one operation is being performed, the operation by the operation lever is functional even if the other operation lever is operated. do not do. Therefore, there is no danger even if the operation levers of both operations are operated simultaneously. Further, the switching state of the switching valve can be visually recognized immediately depending on whether the support member for switching the switching valve is in the standing position or the tilted position.
[0015]
Next, the present invention provides a hydraulic power source, a crane working hydraulic actuator, an outrigger operating hydraulic actuator, and a hydraulic pressure supply for supplying hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source to the crane working hydraulic actuator and the outrigger operating hydraulic actuator. A common control valve for hydraulically driving the circuit, the crane working hydraulic actuator and the outrigger operating hydraulic actuator, and the hydraulic actuator to be controlled by the control valve as the crane working hydraulic actuator and the outrigger operating hydraulic pressure. A crane hydraulic device having a switching valve for switching to one of the actuators, a crane manual operation lever for operating the crane working hydraulic actuator via the control valve, and the outlet via the control valve. It is characterized by having a outriggers manual operation switch for operating the operation hydraulic actuator.
[0016]
As described above, since the lever and the switch that can be clearly identified visually are arranged as the operation members for operating the common control valve, there is a risk that the outrigger operation is performed in order to perform the crane operation. Can be eliminated.
[0017]
Next, the crane hydraulic device according to the present invention is characterized by having alarm means for generating an alarm in conjunction with the operation of the outrigger manual operation switch. According to this configuration, since an alarm is always generated when the outrigger is actuated, it is possible to eliminate the risk of operating the outrigger while forgetting to alert the surrounding workers.
[0018]
The present invention is not limited to the crane hydraulic device, but can be similarly applied to other work vehicle hydraulic devices.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A traveling crane to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 1 is a side view of the traveling crane of this example. As shown in this figure, a traveling crane 1 includes a vehicle body 2, a crawler 3 disposed on both sides thereof, a crane body 4 including multistage booms 41 to 44 mounted on the vehicle body 2, And an outrigger device having four telescopic legs 51 to 54 (only two are shown in the figure) arranged at the four corners of the vehicle body 2. A hook 6 is suspended from a tip of the crane body 4 by a suspension rope 61.
[0021]
As is well known, the crane body 4 can be expanded and contracted as a whole by extending and retracting the booms 41 to 44 with respect to the lower boom by means of an expansion / contraction cylinder built in the crane body. In addition, the crane body 4 can be raised and lowered by the expansion and contraction of the raising and lowering cylinder spanned between the lowermost boom 44 and the vehicle body 2. Further, the lowermost boom 44 is supported so as to be turnable with respect to the vehicle body via a turntable 45, and the crane body 4 can be turned by turning the turntable using a turning cylinder. Furthermore, the hook 6 can be moved up and down by winding and lowering the suspension rope by driving the winch.
[0022]
Next, even in the outrigger device including the four extensible legs 51 to 54, the outrigger device 51 is extended by extending and contracting each of the extensible legs 51 to 54 by a hydraulic drive cylinder provided in each of the extensible legs. The storage operation can be performed. On the other hand, driving of the left and right traveling crawlers 3 can also be performed by a hydraulic motor for driving each crawler.
[0023]
These drive parts are driven by a hydraulic device mounted on the traveling crane 1.
[0024]
Here, in the traveling crane 1 of this example, the crane operation lever 11 is disposed at the front end portion of the vehicle body 2, and the traveling lever unit 12 is disposed at the rear end portion of the vehicle body 2. The travel lever unit 12 includes two travel levers 13 and 14 and a lever support member 15 that supports the travel levers 13 and 14.
[0025]
FIG. 2 is a partial configuration diagram showing the traveling lever unit 12 taken out. As can be seen from this figure, the lever support member 15 is attached to the vehicle body 2 so as to be able to turn between a standing position indicated by a solid line and a fall position indicated by an imaginary line. Whether the lever support member 15 is in the standing position or the tilted position can be electrically detected by a detection mechanism including the limit switch 16 and the dog 17.
[0026]
Here, in this example, as shown in FIG. 3A, if the traveling lever unit 12 is not tilted when the crane is used, the boom 41 interferes with the traveling lever unit 12 when the crane turns. Therefore, even from such a physical arrangement relationship, it is possible to reliably prevent an operator from forgetting to knock down the traveling lever unit 12 when using the crane.
[0027]
Further, in this example, as shown in FIG. 3B, since the traveling lever unit 12 is erected during traveling, the entire length of the crane body can be shortened and compacted during traveling or transportation. It is done.
[0028]
Next, in this example, the limit switch 16 is a normally closed switch, and the lever support member 15 is in a closed state when the lever support member 15 is in a standing state. The supply of hydraulic pressure for operating the crane is cut off. On the other hand, when the lever support member 15 is in the tilted position, the limit switch 16 is opened and its output is switched to OFF. As a result, a switching valve, which will be described later, is switched to the second position for crane operation. The supply of hydraulic pressure is cut off. This relationship is summarized in FIG.
[0029]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a hydraulic circuit of a hydraulic device mounted on the traveling crane 1 of this example. 7 to 9 show the respective parts A to C in FIG. 4 in an enlarged manner. In these drawings, reference numeral 21 denotes a hydraulic pump as a hydraulic source, and the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pump is connected to a traveling hydraulic actuator, a crane working hydraulic actuator, and an outrigger working hydraulic actuator via a switching valve 22. Supplied on either side. The switching valve 22 is a valve that switches to the first position and the second position in conjunction with the on / off of the limit switch 16 described above. In a state where the switching valve 22 is in the first position 22 (1) shown in the drawing, the hydraulic circuit is connected to the traveling hydraulic actuator side, and when switched to the second position 22 (2), the hydraulic circuit Switches to the crane working actuator and the outrigger working hydraulic actuator.
[0030]
The traveling hydraulic actuator includes hydraulic traveling motors 23 and 24 for driving the left and right crawlers 3. The driving control of these traveling motors 23 and 24 is traveling control operated by the traveling levers 13 and 14, respectively. This can be done via valves 25 and 26.
[0031]
The crane working hydraulic actuator includes a crane telescopic cylinder 27, a crane hoisting cylinder 28, a crane turning hydraulic motor 29, and a winch hoisting / unwinding hydraulic motor 30. The outrigger working actuator includes cylinders 31 to 34 for expanding and contracting the four telescopic legs 51 to 54.
[0032]
Here, the hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the crane turning motor 29 from the hydraulic pump 21 side via the first switching valve 35 for selecting the outrigger and the first control valve 71. Hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the crane expansion / contraction cylinder 27 via the first switching valve 35 and the second control valve 72. Hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the winch hoisting hydraulic motor 30 via the second switching valve 36 for selecting the outrigger and the third control valve 73, and this second switching is performed for the crane hoisting cylinder 28. Hydraulic pressure can be supplied via the valve 36 and the fourth control valve 74.
[0033]
On the other hand, the hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the outrigger cylinder 31 via the first switching valve 35 and the first control valve 71, and the first switching valve 35 and the first switching valve 35 can be supplied to the cylinder 32. The hydraulic pressure can be supplied via the second control valve 72, the hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the cylinder 33 via the second switching valve 36 and the third control valve 73, and the remaining cylinder 33 can be supplied. The hydraulic pressure can be supplied through the second switching valve 36 and the fourth control valve 74.
[0034]
The first and second switching valves 35 and 36 are moved to the first switching positions 35 (1) and 36 (1) and the second switching positions 35 (2) and 36 (2) by the switching pilot valve 37. The first switching position shown in FIG. 3 is the initial position, this state is the crane driving position, and the second switching position is the outrigger driving position.
[0035]
The first to fourth control valves 71 to 74 are common control valves for driving the crane and the outrigger as described above, and each includes a crane turning operation lever 81, a crane extension / contraction operation lever 82, A winch hoisting operating lever 83 and a crane hoisting operating lever 84 are provided. By operating these levers, the corresponding control valves are switched, and the driving direction can be switched.
[0036]
Each of the first to fourth control valves 71 to 74 is provided with a pair of switching electromagnetic solenoids SOL1, 2, SOL3, 4, SOL5, 6, SOL7, 8, which are energized and non-excited. By switching to excitation, the control valves 71 to 74 can be switched, whereby the drive direction of each outrigger cylinder can be controlled.
[0037]
Thus, in the hydraulic device of the traveling crane 1 of this example, the limit switch 16 is switched according to the position (the standing position and the tilting position) of the traveling lever unit 12, and the hydraulic circuit is switched in conjunction with this. The valve 22 is switched, and the hydraulic pressure supply destination is switched to one of the traveling hydraulic actuator and the crane actuator and the outrigger actuator, which are working actuators.
[0038]
Therefore, according to the hydraulic apparatus of the present example, since the supply of hydraulic pressure to the working actuator is interrupted while the crane is traveling, the crane is driven even if each operating lever 81 to 84 is operated. There is nothing. Similarly, the outrigger device is not driven even when an outrigger operation switch described later is operated. Therefore, it is possible to reliably avoid the work operation being performed during traveling.
[0039]
In this example, the hydraulic drive of the working actuator in the traveling state is stopped using the switching valve 22, but instead of the switching valve 22, a hydraulic pressure supply circuit to the switching valve 22 that controls the working actuator is used. A provided flow control valve or unloading valve can also be used.
[0040]
Next, FIG. 5 is a drive circuit for the electromagnetic solenoids SOL1 to SOL8 for switching and controlling the first to fourth control valves 71 to 74 in the hydraulic circuit of FIG. As shown in this figure, the electromagnetic solenoids SOL1, 2, SOL3, 4, SOL5, 6 and SOL7, 8 are respectively connected with first to fourth outrigger operation switches 91 to 94 formed of toggle switches. . The input sides of these operation switches 91 to 94 are connected to, for example, a 12V drive power source.
[0041]
The drive power supply is connected to the ground via a limit switch 16 that switches from the normally closed state to the open state in conjunction with the travel lever unit 12. Accordingly, when the limit switch 16 is in the closed state, that is, when the traveling lever unit 12 is on the traveling side where it stands, the power supply reaching each electromagnetic solenoid via the first to fourth outrigger operation switches 91-94. The road is not formed. Even if each of the operation switches 91 to 94 is operated, the outrigger device is not driven.
[0042]
When the traveling lever unit 12 is tilted to the tilted position, the limit switch 16 is opened, and the switching valve 22 is switched to the hydraulic pressure supply state to the working actuator as described above. In this state, when any one of the operation switches 91 to 94 is operated, the electromagnetic solenoid SOL37 is energized and the solenoid is driven. As a result, the switching pilot valve 37 for switching the first and second switching valves 35 and 36 is driven. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the hydraulic pressure can be supplied to the outrigger cylinders 31 to 34.
[0043]
In this state, it is possible to form power supply paths to the electromagnetic solenoids SOL1 to SOL8 via the operation switches 91 to 94. Therefore, by operating the operation switches 91 to 94 in any direction, the corresponding solenoids can be driven and the corresponding first to fourth control valves 71 to 74 can be switched. As a result, each of the outrigger cylinders 31 to 34 is driven, and the extension legs 51 to 54 of the outrigger device can be projected and stored.
[0044]
Thus, in the hydraulic system of the traveling crane 1 of this example, the crane cylinders 27 and 28, the hydraulic motors 29 and 30, and the outrigger cylinders 31 to 34 are connected via the common control valves 71 to 74, respectively. It is possible to control the drive, and the crane operation actuator is operated by four operation levers 81 to 84 arranged at the front end portion of the vehicle body. The operation of the outrigger actuator is the first To the fourth operation switches 91 to 94. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an erroneous operation as in the case where both operations are performed using a common operation lever as in the prior art.
[0045]
Further, the operation switches 91 to 94 can be easily arranged at any position of the vehicle main body, and the arrangement state of these four switches physically corresponds to the position of the telescopic leg of the corresponding outrigger. In this state, since it is possible to recognize at a glance which switch is for operating which telescopic leg, the operation becomes easy, and erroneous operations are reduced.
[0046]
Here, in the driving state of the outrigger device as described above, as shown in FIG. 5, each of the alarm lamp 102 and the alarm buzzer 103 is operated from the operated operation switches 91 to 94 via the flicker circuit 101. A power supply path is formed. Therefore, since the alarm is always issued during the operation of the outrigger device, unlike the conventional case where the operator manually operates the alarm lamp etc., the surrounding workers etc. Attention can be urged with certainty.
[0047]
Note that the alarm lamp 102 and the alarm buzzer 103 can be attached to the top or inside of the vehicle body 2 as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
[0048]
(Other embodiments)
The above example is an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a traveling crane. The switching mechanism for supplying hydraulic pressure to the traveling hydraulic actuator and the working hydraulic actuator in the present invention can be applied to, for example, a traveling aerial work vehicle. The working hydraulic actuator in this case is a hydraulic cylinder that raises and lowers a car for working at high places.
[0049]
Moreover, the structure provided with the operation lever of the crane hydraulic actuator and the operation switch of the outrigger hydraulic actuator in the present invention can also be applied to an aerial work vehicle with an outrigger device.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the hydraulic device for a work machine such as a crane according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a traveling operation and a work operation such as a crane operation from being performed at the same time. The risk of falling and so on can be avoided reliably.
[0051]
Further, in the present invention, since the crane operation or the like is operated by the lever and the outrigger device is operated by the switch, it is possible to reliably prevent an erroneous operation such as operating the outrigger device to perform the crane operation. .
[0052]
Furthermore, in the present invention, an alarm lamp, an alarm buzzer, etc. are automatically driven in conjunction with the driving of the outrigger device, so that unlike the conventional case where the worker has issued an alarm by manual operation, the alarm is issued. It is possible to prevent harmful effects such as forgetting.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a traveling crane to which the present invention is applicable.
FIG. 2 is a partial explanatory view showing a part of the traveling crane of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing incidental effects of the traveling lever unit of the traveling crane of FIG. 1;
4 is a schematic hydraulic circuit diagram showing a hydraulic device for the traveling crane of FIG. 1. FIG.
5 is a schematic circuit diagram showing a drive circuit for an electromagnetic solenoid of the hydraulic circuit in FIG. 4; FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between the state of a limit switch accompanying the operation of the travel lever unit and the state of each part corresponding thereto.
7 is an enlarged view showing a portion A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing a portion B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing a portion C in FIG. 4;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling type crane 2 Vehicle main body 3 Crawler 4 Crane main bodies 41-44 Boom 51-54 Telescopic leg 6 of outrigger device Hook 61 Hanging rope 11, 81-84 Crane operation lever 12 Traveling lever unit 13, 14 Traveling lever 15 Traveling Lever support member 16 Limit switch 17 Dog 21 Hydraulic pump 22 Switching valve 23, 24 Traveling motor 27 Crane telescopic cylinder 28 Crane hoisting cylinder 29 Crane turning hydraulic motor 30 Winch hoisting hydraulic motors 31-34 Outriggers Cylinders 71 to 74 first to fourth control valves 91 to 94 first to fourth operation switches 100 control box 102 alarm lamp 103 alarm buzzer SOL1 to SOL8 electromagnetic solenoids for driving the first to fourth control valves

Claims (3)

In a crane hydraulic apparatus, comprising: a hydraulic source; a crane working hydraulic actuator; a traveling hydraulic actuator; and a hydraulic supply circuit that supplies hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source to the crane working hydraulic actuator and the traveling hydraulic actuator. ,
A switching valve capable of switching a hydraulic pressure supply destination from the hydraulic power source so as to be one of the crane working hydraulic actuator and the traveling hydraulic actuator, and a manual operation member for controlling the switching valve. ,
The manual operation member is a support member that supports a travel lever for manual operation for operating the travel hydraulic actuator, and the support member can turn from an upright position to a fall position,
When the support member is in the upright position, the switching valve sets the hydraulic pressure supply source from the hydraulic power source to the traveling hydraulic actuator side, and the traveling lever is rotated by the crane working actuator. When the support member is raised to a position where it interferes with the crane, and the support member is in the collapsed position, the supply destination of the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source is set to the crane working hydraulic actuator side by the switching valve, and A crane hydraulic device, wherein a travel lever is lowered to a position where it does not interfere with the crane.   The hydraulic actuator for outrigger operation according to claim 1, a common control valve for hydraulically driving the hydraulic actuator for crane operation and the hydraulic actuator for outrigger operation, and a hydraulic actuator to be controlled by the control valve as the crane operation A switching valve for switching to one of the hydraulic actuator for operation and the hydraulic actuator for operation of the outrigger, a crane manual operation lever for operating the hydraulic actuator for crane operation via the control valve, and the control valve via the control valve A crane hydraulic apparatus comprising an outrigger manual operation switch for operating an outrigger operating hydraulic actuator. 3. The crane hydraulic device according to claim 2, further comprising alarm means for generating an alarm in conjunction with an operation of the outrigger manual operation switch .

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