JP4291212B2 - Swivel construction machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a swivel construction machine provided with a counterweight that balances the weight with a working device such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane.

  In general, a swivel construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane is provided on a lower traveling body capable of self-propelling, an upper revolving body provided so as to be able to swivel on the lower traveling body, and a front side of the upper revolving body. A counterweight is provided on the rear side of the upper swing body to balance the weight with the work device.

  By the way, in the hydraulic excavator, there is a small hydraulic excavator (hereinafter referred to as a small swivel excavator) called a small rear swivel machine in which the swivel radius of the rear end portion of the upper swing body is reduced. The upper turning body is formed in a substantially circular shape when viewed from above (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-129523 A

  Here, in the small swivel excavator according to the prior art, in order to keep the turning radius of the upper swing body small, the counterweight is arranged close to the swing center of the upper swing body and the rear end portion of the upper swing body is defined. The rear surface of the counterweight is formed as a convex curved arc surface centered on the turning center.

  By the way, the upper end part (upper end surface) of the counterweight used for the hydraulic excavator is usually provided with a lifting tool mounting seat in which a female screw hole or the like is screwed in order to mount a lifting tool such as an eyebolt. Then, a wire rope or the like is passed through a hanging tool attached to the hanging tool mounting seat, and the wire rope is lifted by using a crane or the like, so that the counterweight is lifted and attached to and removed from the turning frame. Yes.

  However, since the above-described conventional small swing excavator is arranged with the counterweight close to the swing center, the cab or canopy provided on the swing frame and the counterweight come close to each other.

  For this reason, when a lifting tool such as an eyebolt is attached to the lifting tool mounting seat provided on the counterweight, a sufficient space cannot be secured around the lifting tool. When lifting, there is a problem that the hanging tool and the wire rope will inadvertently interfere with the cab and the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a swivel construction machine capable of securing a sufficient space around a suspension when a counterweight is lifted by using a suspension or the like. The purpose is to do.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body provided on the lower traveling body so as to be capable of turning, and an operation provided on the front side of the upper revolving body. A counterweight that balances the weight with the working device is provided on the rear side of the upper revolving unit, and the upper revolving unit is formed in a substantially circular shape so as to be within a turning radius centered on the turning center. In addition, the present invention is applied to a small rear turning type turning construction machine configured such that when the upper turning body turns on the lower traveling body, the rear surface of the counterweight fits within the vehicle width of the lower traveling body .

The feature of the configuration invention of claim 1 is employed, the rear surface of the counterweight, the lower side arc upper side than the lower end side which defines the turning radius of the upper rotating body lower so that the diameter and parts, toward the upper to the upper end of the counterweight formed as an inclined arcuate portion that is forward tilted, wherein the counterweight, the inclined arcuate portion is formed out rearwardly Zhang from the upper end portion of lifting the counterweight The upper swivel body defined by the lower arcuate part is provided by projecting backward from the upper end part of the inclined arc part of the counterweight. The projecting portion is smaller than the turning radius .

The invention of claim 2, wherein the suspender mounting seat is left across the center of gravity of the counterweight lies in the fact that the structure provided in at least two positions spaced apart in the right direction.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the suspension mounting seat that projects backward is provided at the upper end portion of the counterweight, when the counterweight is lifted using the suspension mounted on the suspension mounting seat, etc. In addition, a sufficient space can be ensured around the hanger. As a result, when lifting the counterweight through a wire rope or the like to the lifting tool, it is possible to prevent the lifting tool or wire rope from interfering with the cab of the upper swing body, and workability when lifting the counterweight is improved. Can be increased.

In addition, since the hanging tool mounting seat is formed as a protrusion that is smaller than the turning radius of the upper swing body defined by the lower arc portion of the counterweight, when the upper swing body is swung, the lifting tool mounting seat is mounted on the counterweight. Interference with obstacles and the like existing around can be reliably suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to protect the suspension attachment seat while keeping the turning radius of the rear end portion of the upper swing body small.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the suspension attachment seats are provided in at least two places spaced left and right across the center of gravity position of the counterweight, so that the wire attached to the suspension attachment attached to each suspension attachment seat By passing the rope, the counterweight can be lifted by the wire rope above the position of the center of gravity. Thereby, a counterweight can be lifted stably and workability | operativity and safety at the time of lifting a counterweight can be improved.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a swivel construction machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 by taking a hydraulic excavator as an example.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a small-swivel hydraulic excavator. The hydraulic excavator 1 includes a self-propelled crawler-type lower traveling body 2, and an upper revolving body 3 that is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling body 2. The operation device 30 described later is provided on the front side of the upper swing body 3.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper turning body 3 has a left and right width dimension substantially equal to the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2 and has a virtual turning radius R around the turning center O. It is formed in a substantially circular shape when viewed from above so as to fit within the circle C. As a result, in the excavator 1, the rear surface 24 of the counterweight 21, which will be described later, fits within the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2 when the upper revolving body 3 turns on the lower traveling body 2 about the turning center O. It is configured as a hydraulic excavator of a small rear turning type.

  The turning radius R is defined by the distance from the turning center O to the rear surface 24 of the counterweight 21, and the virtual circle C described above represents the locus of the rear surface 24 of the counterweight 21 when the upper swing body 3 is turned. Show. In this case, the virtual circle C has a slightly larger diameter than the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2. That is, the protruding amount of the virtual circle C is a small dimension (for example, about 10 to 30 mm on one side in the vehicle width direction) with respect to the vehicle width direction of the lower traveling body 2.

  The upper swing body 3 includes a swing frame 4, a cab 5, an engine 6, an exterior cover 11, a counterweight 21, and the like which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a revolving frame that serves as a base of the upper revolving unit 3. The revolving frame 4 uses a bottom plate 4A formed in a flat plate shape using a thick steel plate or the like, and means such as welding on the upper surface of the bottom plate 4A. It is configured as a strong support structure by the vertical plate 4B that is erected and extends rearward. A swing post 31, which will be described later, is attached to the front end of the vertical plate 4B constituting the revolving frame 4 so as to be swingable in the left and right directions.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a cab provided on the revolving frame 4, and the cab 5 defines a driver's cab where an operator performs various operations. The cab 5 is provided with a driver's seat where an operator is seated, an operating lever for operating the working device 30 and the like, a traveling lever / pedal for traveling the lower traveling body 2, and the like (both not shown). Yes.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes an engine mounted on the rear side of the revolving frame 4. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the engine 6 is arranged in a horizontally placed state extending in the left and right directions. A hydraulic pump 7 driven by the engine 6 is provided on the left side of the engine 6, and a heat exchanger 8 such as a radiator and an oil cooler is provided on the right side of the engine 5. The engine 6, the hydraulic pump 7, and the heat exchanger 8 are configured to be covered with an exterior cover 11 and a counterweight 21 described later.

  Reference numeral 9 denotes a left protector which is positioned on the left front side of the counterweight 21 and is attached to the revolving frame 4. The left protector 9 is formed using, for example, casting means and extends forward from the left end edge of the counterweight 21. ing. The left protector 9 balances the weight of the work apparatus 30 together with the counterweight 21.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes a right protector that is positioned on the right front side of the counterweight 21 and is attached to the revolving frame 4. The right protector 10 is formed using, for example, casting means, and extends forward from the right end edge of the counterweight 21. ing. The right protector 10 balances the weight of the work device 30 together with the counterweight 21 and the left protector 9.

  11 is an exterior cover provided on the revolving frame 4 from the rear side to the right side of the cab 5, and the exterior cover 11 cooperates with the counterweight 21 to engine 6, hydraulic pump 7, heat exchanger 8, It covers internal equipment such as a hydraulic oil tank and a fuel tank (both not shown). The exterior cover 11 includes a left rear lower cover 12, a left rear upper cover 13, a left skirt cover 14, a right rear cover 15, a tank cover 16, an engine cover 28 described later, and the like.

  Here, the left rear lower cover 12 extends forward from the left end edge of the counterweight 21 while being inclined downward along the left protector 9, and the front end thereof is connected to a left skirt cover 14 described later. The left rear lower cover 12 covers the hydraulic pump 7 and the like from the left side.

  The left rear upper cover 13 is disposed on the upper side of the left rear lower cover 12 and extends obliquely downward along the left rear lower cover 13 from the left end edge of the counterweight 21 forward. The left rear upper cover 13 covers the hydraulic pump 7 and the like together with the left rear lower cover 12 from the left side. Further, the left skirt cover 14 is disposed on the front side of the left rear lower cover 12 and extends forward from the front edge of the left rear lower cover 12 so as to cover the periphery of the turning frame 4.

  On the other hand, the right rear cover 15 extends forward from the right end edge of the counterweight 21 while covering the periphery of the revolving frame 4 while being inclined downward along the right protector 10. The right rear cover 15 covers the heat exchanger 8 and the like from the right side.

  The tank cover 16 extends forward from the right end edge of the counterweight 21 along the right rear cover 15. The tank cover 16 covers the heat exchanger 8 and a hydraulic oil tank, a fuel tank (both not shown) and the like disposed on the front side of the heat exchanger 8 so that they can be opened and closed from above.

  A counterweight 21 is located on the rear side of the engine 6 and is located on the rear side of the upper swing body 3. The counterweight 21 is a weight of the working device 30 together with the left and right protectors 9 and 10 described above. It is a balance.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, the counterweight 21 is formed as an arc-shaped (convexly curved) heavy object as a whole around the turning center O of the upper-part turning body 3 by casting means. The front surface 22 that faces the engine 6 and the like, the mount portion 23 that projects forward from the lower side of the front surface 22, the rear surface 24, the upper end surface 25, and the respective attachment attachment seats 26 and 27, which will be described later. ing.

  The counterweight 21 is mounted on the rear end side of the turning frame 4 using bolts or the like, so that the counterweight 21 rises from the turning frame 4 with the front face 22 facing the engine 6 or the like. The internal device such as the engine 6, the hydraulic pump 7, and the heat exchanger 8 is covered from the rear side in cooperation with the exterior cover 11.

  24 is a rear surface of the counterweight 21, and the rear surface 24 as a whole is curved in an arc shape in the left and right directions around the turning center O of the upper turning body 3, and the upper side has a smaller diameter than the lower side. It is formed as a circular arc surface inclined forward. The rear surface 24 includes a lower arc portion 24A, a cover housing recess 24B, an inclined arc portion 24D, and the like, which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 24A denotes a lower arc portion 24A formed on the lower side of the rear surface 24. The lower arc portion 24A is formed as an arc surface extending left and right around the turning center O of the upper swing body 3, The radius of the lower arc portion 24A is set to be equal to the turning radius R of the rear end portion of the upper turning body 3 around the turning center O. Accordingly, the turning radius R of the rear end portion of the upper swing body 3 is defined by the lower arc portion 24A.

  Reference numeral 24B denotes a cover receiving recess formed in the upper and lower intermediate portions of the rear surface 24. The cover receiving recess 24B is recessed to the front side (front side 22 side) of the intermediate portion of the rear surface 24 in the left and right directions. It is formed by bending and accommodates an engine cover 28 described later. A rectangular inspection port 24C for inspecting internal devices such as the engine 6 is formed in the left and right central portions of the cover housing recess 24B. The inspection port 24C is opened by the engine cover 28. , Closed.

  24D is an inclined arc portion provided on the upper side of the rear surface 24 and positioned above the cover housing recess 24B, and the inclined arc portion 24D extends leftward and rightward about the turning center O of the upper turning body 3. While curving in a circular arc shape, it is gradually inclined forward toward an upper end surface 25 described later. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the radius r of the upper end portion of the inclined arc portion 24 </ b> D around the turning center O of the upper swing body 3 is the radius R of the lower arc portion 24 </ b> A, that is, the upper swing body 3. The diameter is set smaller by Δr than the turning radius R of the rear end (r <R).

  As described above, the counterweight 21 is formed by forming the rear surface 24 as an arc surface inclined forward so that the upper side (inclined arc portion 24D) has a smaller diameter than the lower side (lower arc portion 24A). It has a structure that enhances the appearance aesthetics (design). Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6, the gravity center position G of the counterweight 21 exists at a position closer to the front surface 22 side than the rear surface 24.

  Reference numeral 25 denotes an upper end surface serving as an upper end portion of the counterweight 21. The upper end surface 25 is formed between the upper end portion of the front surface 22 and the upper end portion of the rear surface 24 (inclined arc portion 24D) in the left and right directions. It is a narrow flat surface extending in an arc. The upper end surface 25 is configured to be provided with each of the below-described hanging tool mounting seats 26 and 27.

  Reference numerals 26 and 27 denote left and right suspension attachment seats provided at the upper end portion of the counterweight 21, and the left and right suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 protrude rearward from the upper end surface 25 of the counterweight 21. Is provided. Here, each of the suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 is formed in a triangular pyramid shape extending upward and downward along the inclined arc portion 24D inclined forward, and the upper surface thereof is flush with the upper end surface 25 of the counterweight 21. It is a substantially triangular flat surface. Further, female thread holes 26A and 27A are respectively screwed in the respective hanging tool mounting seats 26 and 27, and these female thread holes 26A and 27A are mounted by screwing a hanging tool 35 described later.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 6, when the distance from the turning center O of the upper swing body 3 to the projecting end portions of the respective hanging tool mounting seats 26 and 27 is A, this distance A is the lower side that forms the rear surface 24. The radius is set smaller than the radius R of the side arc portion 24A, that is, the turning radius R of the rear end portion of the upper swing body 3. Thereby, when the upper turning body 3 turns, it is possible to prevent the suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 from interfering with obstacles and the like existing around the counterweight 21.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, assuming that the center of gravity of the counterweight 21 is G, the left and right suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 pass through the center of gravity G and extend in the left and right directions. On the top, they are arranged in pairs with the center of gravity G interposed therebetween. The distance L1 between the hanging tool mounting seat 26 (center of the female screw hole 26A) and the gravity center position G and the distance L2 between the hanging tool mounting seat 27 (center of the female screw hole 27A) and the gravity center position G are as follows. It is set almost equal.

  Reference numeral 28 denotes an engine cover provided on the rear surface 24 side of the counterweight 21, and the engine cover 28 constitutes a part of the exterior cover 11. Here, the engine cover 28 has an arc shape corresponding to the cover receiving recess 24 </ b> B formed on the rear surface 24 of the counterweight 21, and is attached to the counterweight 21 using a link mechanism 29 (see FIG. 4).

  The engine cover 28 is moved upward and downward between the closed position shown in FIG. 3 and the open position shown in FIG. 4 by the link mechanism 29 to open the inspection port 24C formed in the cover housing recess 24B. It closes. In this case, when the engine cover 28 is in the closed position and the inspection port 24C is closed, the engine cover 28 is housed in the cover housing recess 24B, and the lower arc portion 24A and the inclined arc portion 24D formed on the rear surface 24 of the counterweight 21 It is the structure which forms the same plane.

  Reference numeral 30 denotes a swing-type work device provided on the front side of the upper swing body 3, and the work device 30 can swing left and right at the front end of the swing frame 4 (vertical plate 4B). The attached swing post 31, the boom 32 attached to the swing post 31 so as to be able to be lifted and lowered, the arm 33 attached to the distal end portion of the boom 32 so as to be able to be raised and lowered, and the swing post 31. A bucket 34 as a work tool that is movably attached is generally configured.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the lifting tool 35 used for lifting the counterweight 21 is an eyebolt or the like having a male screw portion that is screwed into the female screw holes 26 </ b> A and 27 </ b> A of the lifting tool mounting seats 26 and 27. It is configured. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the wire weight 36 is passed through the suspension 35 attached to the suspension attachment seats 26, 27 of the counterweight 21, and the wire rope 36 is lifted by the crane 37, so that the counterweight 21 is It is designed to be lifted.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. The hydraulic excavator 1 is self-propelled to the work place by the lower traveling body 2 and then lifts the working device 30 while turning the upper revolving body 3. By moving, excavation work such as earth and sand is performed by the working device 30. When the excavator 1 is excavated, the counterweight 21 maintains a weight balance with the work device 30 and ensures the stability of the excavator 1.

  Here, the hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with counterweights with respect to the revolving frame 4 by providing left and right suspension attachment seats 26, 27 projecting rearward on the upper end surface 25 of the counterweight 21. The workability of lifting the counterweight 21 is enhanced. Hereinafter, the work of lifting the counterweight 21 will be described.

  First, the hanger 35 is attached to the left and right hanger attachment seats 26, 27 provided on the counterweight 21, respectively. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the wire rope 36 is passed through each hanging tool 35, and the counterweight 21 is held in a state where the wire rope 36 is lifted slightly upward by the crane 37.

  Then, after removing the bolt (not shown) that attaches the mount portion 23 of the counterweight 21 to the revolving frame 4, the counterweight 21 lifted by the wire rope 36 is moved backward as shown in FIG. Thus, the counterweight 21 can be removed from the turning frame 4.

  In this case, the left and right suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 to which the suspension device 35 is attached are provided so as to protrude rearward from the upper end surface 25 of the counterweight 21, so that each suspension attachment seat 26 and 27 is connected to the cab. A large space can be secured between the suspender 35 and the cab 5 that are spaced apart from the rear 5 and attached to the respective suspender attachment seats 26 and 27. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 7, it can suppress that the hanging tool 35 and the wire rope 36 passed through this hanging tool 35 interfere with the cab 5 or the like. The workability when lifting the counterweight 21 can be improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the distance A from the turning center O of the upper swing body 3 to the projecting end portions of the respective attachment attachment seats 26 and 27 is defined as a lower arc portion 24A that forms the rear surface 24 of the counterweight 21. Therefore, the suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 can be accommodated inside the turning radius R of the upper turning body 3 defined by the lower arc portion 24A. Thereby, when the upper swing body 3 performs the swing operation, it is possible to suppress the suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 from interfering with obstacles and the like existing around the counterweight 21. The suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 can be protected while keeping the turning radius R of the end portion small.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the left and right hanging tool mounting seats 26 and 27 are arranged on the left and right with the center of gravity G of the counterweight 21 interposed therebetween. For this reason, a wire rope 36 is passed through a suspension 35 attached to the suspension attachment seats 26 and 27, and the wire rope 36 is lifted by a crane 37. The rope 36 can be lifted in a stable state, and workability and safety when lifting the counterweight 21 can be improved.

  In the above-described embodiment, the upper end portion of the counterweight 21 is exemplified as the upper end surface 25 formed between the upper end portion of the front surface 22 and the upper end portion of the rear surface 24 (inclined arc portion 24D). The case where the suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 are provided on the end face 25 is taken as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a ridge line formed between the upper end portion of the front surface 22 and the upper end portion of the rear surface 24 (inclined circular arc portion 24D) is used as the upper end portion of the counterweight 21, and from this ridge line It is good also as a structure which provides a hanging tool mounting seat so that it may protrude back.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the upper end surface 25 of the counterweight 21 is provided with the two suspension attachment seats 26 and 27 spaced left and right across the center of gravity position G of the counterweight 21 is illustrated. is doing. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a configuration in which three or more suspension attachment seats are provided may be employed.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, the case where the cab 5 which defines a cab is provided on the turning frame 4 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a canopy that covers the driver's seat from above may be provided instead of the cab 5.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the crawler type hydraulic excavator 1 is exemplified as the swivel type construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other swivel type construction machines such as a wheel type hydraulic excavator and a hydraulic crane, for example. Can be widely applied to.

1 is a front view showing a hydraulic excavator to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a top view which shows a hydraulic shovel. It is the right view which looked at the hydraulic excavator from the counterweight side in the state which made the engine cover closed position. It is the right view which looked at the hydraulic excavator from the counterweight side in the state which made the engine cover an open position. It is a perspective view which shows a counterweight alone. It is a top view which shows a counterweight alone. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the state which lifts a counterweight using a hanging tool etc. It is a principal part enlarged view similar to FIG. 7 which shows the state which removes the lifted counterweight back.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Lower traveling body 3 Upper turning body 4 Turning frame 6 Engine 21 Counterweight 22 Front surface 23 Mount part 24 Rear surface 24A Lower side arc part 24B Cover accommodation recessed part 24C Inspection port 24D Inclined arc part 25 Upper end surface (upper part)
26, 27 Hanging attachment seat 26A, 27A Female screw hole 28 Engine cover 30 Working device 35 Hanging tool

Claims (2)

A lower traveling body capable of self-propelling, an upper revolving body provided on the lower traveling body so as to be able to swivel, and a work device provided on a front side of the upper revolving body, and a rear portion of the upper revolving body On the side, a counterweight that balances the weight with the working device is provided ,
The upper turning body is formed in a substantially circular shape so as to be within a turning radius centered on the turning center, and when the upper turning body turns on the lower traveling body, the rear surface of the counterweight is the lower traveling body. In the rear small swivel type swivel construction machine configured to fit within the vehicle width of
Rear surface of the counterweight, the lower arcuate portion upper side from the lower end side which defines the turning radius of the upper rotating body lower so that the small diameter forward toward the upper to the upper end of the counterweight It is formed as an inclined slope arc part ,
The counterweight is provided with a hanging tool mounting seat on which a lifting tool for lifting the counterweight is formed which projects rearwardly from the upper end portion of the inclined arc portion ,
The hanging tool mounting seat is formed as a protruding portion smaller than the turning radius of the upper turning body defined by the lower arc portion by projecting backward from the upper end portion of the inclined arc portion of the counterweight. Swivel construction machine. 2. The swivel construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the suspension mounting seats are provided in at least two places separated leftward and rightward across the center of gravity of the counterweight.

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