JP4288555B2 - Separation and purification device using magnetic material - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is mainly a flocculant containing magnetic fine particles, and the contaminants or solutes in the water to be treated are made to be floating solids having magnetism, and the floating solids are generated by magnetic force in the water to be treated. The present invention relates to a separation and purification device for separating water from treated water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in the treatment of purified water (water, sewage, industrial wastewater), particularly when separating eutrophic sludge (mainly phosphorus-containing material) from the treated water, it was generated using a high gradient magnetic field. For example, a flocculant containing ferrite (powder or granular ferromagnet: hereinafter referred to as magnetic fine particles) such as magnetite, and the suspended solid ( Flock).
[0003]
Then, the water to be treated in this state is led into a conduit made of a nonmagnetic material around which a superconducting solenoid coil is wound, and a magnetic field is generated in the conduit by energizing the superconducting solenoid coil. A separation and purification device has been proposed in which water to be treated is filtered through a filter placed therein, and thereafter, suspended solids attached to the filter are removed and collected from the filter.
[0004]
This separation and purification device is superior in that it generates a magnetic field in a direction parallel to the flow of water to be treated and has good separation efficiency of suspended solids by the filter, but the disadvantage is when a superconducting solenoid coil is used. , The equipment becomes expensive, especially if it is a low-temperature superconducting solenoid, it takes a long time (usually 30 minutes each) for excitation and demagnetization. Long interruptions are necessary and the economic efficiency is reduced.
[0005]
Therefore, when capturing suspended solids by magnetic force, a magnetic field parallel to the flow of water to be treated is generated by a bulk magnet, so that the filter is a relatively simple and low-cost device. A purification device using a magnetic material has been proposed that can exhibit a high separation efficiency by, and that can be replaced without interrupting the work.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, water to be treated is flowed through a tank made of a nonmagnetic material, and a magnetic field along the flow is applied by a bulk magnet in a state where opposite poles are opposed to both ends of the flow in the tank. In the case of forming the magnetic substance, a high gradient magnetic field is formed in the floating solid recovery region, and the residence time of the water to be treated is lengthened to improve the recovery efficiency of the floating solid by the magnetic field. It aims at providing the used purification apparatus or separation apparatus.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, the separation and purification apparatus using a magnetic material according to the present invention is a flocculant containing magnetic fine particles, and is used to remove contaminants in water to be treated, or solutes containing rare metals or useful metals , and magnetically suspended solids. In the separation and purification device for separating the floating solid from the water to be treated by magnetic force in the water to be treated,
Flowing the water to be treated through a flat tank made of a non-magnetic material, and forming a magnetic field along the flow with the opposite poles facing opposite ends of the short flow formed in the tank A bulk magnet made of a high-temperature superconductor in a state of being close to the tank, and separating and recovering the suspended solids flowing in the tank, so that the middle of the flow in the tank across the magnetic field Further, the present invention is characterized in that a suspended solids recovery area provided with a filter made of a magnetic material is provided.
[0008]
In such a configuration, a high gradient magnetic field is obtained by the bulk magnet, and the direction of the magnetic field is along the flow of the water to be treated, and the water to be treated that passes through the floating solid collection region using a filter. Since the trapping function of all the suspended solids can be sufficiently exerted with respect to the total amount of the above, a simple and low-cost apparatus can be provided as compared with the case where a superconducting solenoid is used. In addition, since the water to be treated is processed with a bulk magnet, it is necessary to interrupt the operation for a considerable time even when replacing the filter, as in the case of using a conventional low-temperature superconducting solenoid that takes time to excite and demagnetize. There is no advantage, and the merit of improving economically without lowering the operating rate can be obtained.
[0009]
In this case, as an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to filter chromatography equipped with the suspended solids recovery zone is in the configuration that are braided at a predetermined mesh, also, the cross-sectional area of the flow of the inner tub In order to increase the residence time in the floating solids collection area, it is more than any of the cross-sectional areas of the treated water introduction path and the discharge path respectively provided at both ends of the tank divided by the filter. It is preferable to set large , and these are effective in improving the recovery efficiency.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic side view showing a first embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing a second embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a process in which the suspended solid collection operation is continued. FIG. 4 is a schematic end view of the purification device that enables the replacement of the filter.
[0011]
The purification apparatus according to the present invention is a flocculant containing magnetic fine particles, and the contaminants in the water to be treated are made to be a floating solid substance S having magnetism. The object S is separated from the water W to be treated. Here, in a flat tank 1 made of a non-magnetic material (for example, hard synthetic resin), a magnetic field (line of magnetic force M) along the flow in a state where opposite polarities are opposed across a short flow of water to be treated. The bulk magnets 2, 2 ′ are arranged in the short dimension direction (flat interval) of the tank 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the water to be treated is introduced into the tank 1 from the upper part and led out from the lower part via the floating solid collection region 4 with the filter 3. In the embodiment, the water to be treated is introduced into and led out from the tank 1 through the cylindrical introduction path 1a and the lead-out path 1b surrounding the bulk magnets 2 and 2 '(for example, a columnar shape). .
[0012]
The bulk magnets 2, 2 ′ are, for example, oxide superconductors magnetized to 1 to 3 Tesla (ceramics obtained by baking various metal oxides as a high-temperature superconducting bulk material). And in the state where the bulk magnets 2 and 2 ′ are brought close to the tank 1 (1.7 tesla or more is obtained as the magnetic field strength between the bulk magnets 2), the floating solid S flowing in the tank 1 is It is configured so as to be trapped in a floating solid collection region 4 having a filter 3 provided in the tank 1. In this case, in order to ensure sufficient residence time of the water to be treated in the floating solid collection region 4, it is preferable to have a configuration in which the cross-sectional area of the flow is increased.
[0013]
In this embodiment, the filter 3 is composed of, for example, a fine mesh braided member made of a magnetic material such as ferrite, and in combination with the bulk magnets 2 and 2 ′, in the floating solid collection region 4, water to be treated A high gradient magnetic field parallel to the direction of the flow is formed. In addition, the bulk magnet 2 (or 2 ′) opposed to the tank 1 is accommodated in the vacuum vessel 2a (or 2′a).
[0014]
In such a configuration, by adopting the flat tank 1, the relative interval between the bulk magnets 2 and 2 'can be shortened, and a high gradient magnetic field can be obtained. In addition, since the cross-sectional area of the flow in the floating solid recovery area in the tank 1 is increased, the recovery efficiency of the floating solid can be improved. Further, as in the case of using a superconducting solenoid coil, a sufficient magnetic field can be generated along the flow of the water to be treated in the conduit 1, and a bulk magnet is used to compare with a facility using a superconducting solenoid. As a result, the equipment can be greatly simplified and can be provided at low cost.
[0015]
Further, in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of sets of filters 3 are detachably set on the replacement support body 5, and the replacement support bodies are respectively provided. By the above operation, the set is selectively inserted into the floating solid collection area 4. The replacement support 5 is a disk-shaped rotating member provided with a support shaft 5 a outside the tank 1, and a part of the replacement support 5 is liquid-tightly inserted into the floating solid collection region 4 via, for example, an O-ring 6. It has become a structure.
[0016]
Here, in order to improve heat insulation by the function of the vacuum pump, the inside of the vacuum container is evacuated and the bulk magnet is replaced with a refrigerant such as helium gas in the vacuum container by the function of the small refrigerator. Is maintained at an ultra-low temperature (preferably an absolute temperature of 4 to 77 degrees).
[0017]
In the figure, reference numerals 7 and 8 denote gate valves respectively provided on the introduction side and the outlet side of the water to be treated of the tank 1.
[0018]
In such a configuration, when the water to be treated is allowed to flow into the tank 1 with the gate valves 7 and 8 opened, the solids can be separated and collected by the filter 3 as described above. At an appropriate time, the support 5 for replacement can be rotated so that the filter 3 is led out of the tank 1, and a new filter 3 can be made to correspond to the floating solid collection region 4.
[0019]
Therefore, as in the case of using a superconducting solenoid coil, a sufficient magnetic field can be generated along the flow of the water to be treated in the tank 1, and a bulk magnet is used to compare with equipment using a superconducting solenoid. As a result, the equipment can be greatly simplified and can be provided at low cost. In addition, the filter can be replaced without interrupting the operation, the operation state can be substantially continued, and the operating rate can be improved.
[0020]
In this embodiment, in order to briefly explain the generation of the magnetic field by the bulk magnet and the removal of the suspended solids captured by the filter, the recovery of the suspended solids from the water to be treated in the single row tank 1 is described. In order to maintain the continuous removal work of floating solids in consideration of enlargement of the scale and repair, etc., the tanks 1 are actually arranged in a double row (at least 2). It is desirable to provide a suspended solids collection region, a corresponding bulk magnet, a replaceable filter using a support member, and the like.
[0021]
Moreover, the tank 1 is made into a double row, and the valve and piping which switch the introduction and derivation of to-be-processed water to these are installed, the water to be treated is treated in one tank, and the filter is washed in the other tank. The system configuration may be such that In this case, for each row, a common bulk magnet pair may be moved by an appropriate means. Also in this case, continuity of the substantial treatment work of the water to be treated can be obtained.
[0022]
The solids separated in the present invention can be subjected to separation and extraction of not only pollutants but also rare metals and useful metals. Moreover, even if the form is an oxide, an organic substance, an inorganic substance, or a composite material thereof, a sufficiently economical separation and extraction can be performed. Therefore, the effect of the present invention is not limited to separation and purification.
[0023]
Further, instead of the high-temperature superconducting bulk magnet, a magnetic field can be generated using a copper coil, a low-temperature superconducting wire, or a coil made of a high-temperature superconducting wire, and the separation and purification device can be configured within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Similarly, the present invention can be implemented with a configuration using a rare earth permanent magnet or a ferrite permanent magnet instead of the high temperature superconducting bulk magnet.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the present invention is a flocculant containing magnetic fine particles, and the contaminants or solutes in the water to be treated are made to be floating solids having magnetism, and in the flow of water to be treated, In the separation and purification device for separating the floating solid from the water to be treated, the water to be treated is flowed through a flat tank made of a non-magnetic material, and different polarities are formed at both ends of a short flow formed in the tank. In order to form a magnetic field along the flow in a state of being opposed to each other, a bulk magnet made of a high-temperature superconductor is placed in a state of being close to the vessel, and the floating solid flowing in the vessel is In order to recover, a floating solids recovery region provided with a filter is provided in the middle of the flow in the tank across the magnetic field.
[0025]
Therefore, since the space between the bulk magnets can be shortened, a high-gradient magnetic field can be formed, and the trapping function of all the suspended solids can be achieved with respect to the total amount of water to be treated that passes through the suspended solids recovery area using a filter. In addition to being able to fully demonstrate, a merit that can be provided as a low-cost apparatus with a simple configuration as compared with a magnetic field generator using a superconducting solenoid is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a first embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is also a schematic side view showing a second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a third embodiment, similarly;
FIG. 4 is also a schematic end view.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Flat tank 1a Introductory path 1b Outlet path 2, 2 'Bulk magnet 3 Filter 4 Floating solids collection area 5 Replacement support body 6 O-ring 7, 8 Gate valve

Claims (3)

A flocculant containing fine particles of magnetic material. The suspended matter in the water to be treated or a solute containing a rare metal or useful metal is made into a floating solid with magnetism. In a separation and purification device that separates solid matter from treated water,
Flowing the water to be treated through a flat tank made of a non-magnetic material, and forming a magnetic field along the flow with the opposite poles facing opposite ends of the short flow formed in the tank A bulk magnet made of a high-temperature superconductor in a state of being close to the tank, and separating and recovering the suspended solids flowing in the tank, so that the middle of the flow in the tank across the magnetic field A separation and purification apparatus using a magnetic material, characterized in that a suspended solids recovery region provided with a filter made of a magnetic material is provided.   2. The separation and purification apparatus using a magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein a filter equipped in the floating solid collection region is braided with a required mesh.   The treatment water introduction path provided respectively at both ends of the tank divided by the filter so that the cross-sectional area of the flow in the tank is longer in the suspended solids recovery region, and 3. The separation and purification device using a magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein the separation and purification device is set to be larger than any of the cross-sectional areas of the lead-out path.

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