JP4279158B2 - Motor integrated multi-stage reducer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor-integrated multistage speed reducer.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a motor-integrated multi-stage speed reducer that combines a motor and a multi-stage speed reducer having a front stage and a rear stage speed reduction mechanism has been widely used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The motor-integrated multistage speed reducer disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a planetary speed reduction mechanism of a simple planetary roller mechanism having a sun roller, a planetary roller, and a ring roller as a front stage speed reduction mechanism. Further, as a rear stage reduction mechanism, a rear stage input shaft to which power from the front stage reduction mechanism is input, an external gear incorporated so as to be eccentrically swingable with respect to the rear stage input shaft, and the external gear are: A swinging intermeshing planetary gear reduction mechanism having an intermeshing internal gear is provided.

  In this multi-stage speed reducer, the output of the motor is received by a simple planetary roller mechanism that transmits traction transmission (rather than gear transmission), and the swinging intermeshing planetary gear reduction mechanism of the rear stage is maintained in a state where the rotational speed is reduced. Therefore, the vibration of the motor can be absorbed by the simple planetary roller mechanism, and the meshing noise generated by the gear reduction mechanism at the subsequent stage can be reduced.

  Therefore, this type of motor-integrated multi-stage speed reducer is required to have a high reduction ratio as well as low noise and low vibration, such as a drive device for a conveyor or traveling carriage. Widely used in

JP 2001-99263 A

  By the way, in this type of drive device, when an unexpected power failure, motor failure, or the like occurs, the drive object cannot be driven by the drive force of the motor. However, in this case, it often occurs that the conveyor, the traveling carriage or the like must be moved to a predetermined state or position.

  However, in the case of a “motor-integrated multi-stage speed reducer” in which a plurality of speed reduction stages are connected in series in this way (with a high reduction ratio) and even a motor is connected, the drive object is directly and manually operated. If it tries to run, since a reduction gear and a motor will generate very big resistance, the problem that the said manual drive will become difficult occurs.

  Therefore, conventionally, an apparatus has been proposed in which a clutch is provided in any part of the power transmission system, and the power transmission system is shut off by the clutch during manual driving so that the driven object moves with a light force.

  However, when such a clutch is to be provided, the overall size and weight are increased by the storage space of the clutch, and the number of parts is also increased, resulting in an increase in cost. .

  The present invention has been made in order to solve such a conventional problem. Manual driving for some reason such as a power failure or a motor failure without causing a significant increase in cost, size, or weight. It is an object of the present invention to provide a motor-integrated multi-stage speed reducer that can move an object to be driven with a very light force even if it must be performed.

The present invention, in a geared motor that combines a motor and a multi-stage speed reducer having a front-stage and a rear-stage reduction mechanism, comprises at least one of the front-stage or rear-stage reduction mechanisms as a planetary reduction mechanism, One part constituting the planetary speed reduction mechanism is movable in the axial direction, and the one part is incorporated so as to be movable together with a plate of an electromagnetic clutch for selectively connecting or releasing the power transmission of the planetary speed reduction mechanism. by and is obtained by solving the above problems.

In the present invention, the planetary speed reduction mechanism is adopted among the various speed reduction mechanisms for at least one of the front speed reduction mechanism and the rear speed reduction mechanism. In the planetary speed reduction mechanism, the axial centers of all the members are basically parallel, and a specific member can be moved in the axial direction. This is because it can be moved in the direction. Thereby, the said one part can be integrated with the plate which is a component of the electromagnetic clutch which can selectively interrupt | block the power transmission of a planetary reduction mechanism.

That is, in the present invention, at least one of the speed reduction mechanisms is a planetary speed reduction mechanism, and one of the parts can be moved in the axial direction together with the electromagnetic clutch plate by utilizing the structural characteristics of the planetary speed reduction mechanism. The part itself was given a function as a component of the electromagnetic clutch. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the presence of the engaging portion, which is essential when configuring an electromagnetic clutch, to avoid stress concentration, and to increase the number of parts, increase the size, increase the usage amount, increase the cost, etc. Can be suppressed as much as possible.

  In a motor-integrated multi-stage speed reducer with a large reduction ratio, the motor can no longer be driven due to a power failure or motor failure (although the motor is integrated with the large reduction ratio). Even when it is possible, it is possible to move the driven object with a light force, and it is possible to minimize an increase in the overall weight, an increase in size, and an increase in cost.

  Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  A geared motor (motor-integrated multistage reduction gear) GM1 shown in FIG. 1 is a combination of a motor M1 and a multistage reduction gear G1 having a two-stage planetary reduction mechanism.

  The motor cover 12 of the motor M1 also serves as the cover 14A of the casing 14 of the multistage reduction gear G1, and the tip 18A of the motor shaft 18 of the motor M1 faces the cylindrical portion 14B continuously formed on the cover 14A. The tip 18A is press-fitted with a sun roller 22 of a simple planetary roller mechanism 20 constituting the front stage of the multistage reduction gear G1.

  Referring also to FIG. 2, the simple planetary roller mechanism 20 includes a sun roller 22, a planet roller 24 that circumscribes the sun roller 22 (indirect contact via oil), and a ring roller that is inscribed by the planet roller. 26, and the revolution component of the carrier 27 supporting the planetary roller 24 is output via the output shaft 28.

  On the outside of the cylindrical portion 14B of the casing 14, that is, outside the vicinity of the tip 18A of the motor shaft 18 of the motor M1, a coil 32 constituting a part of the electromagnetic clutch 30 is arranged in a manner fixed to the casing 14. . The coil 32 can attract the plate 34 when a predetermined current flows. The plate 34 is movable in the axial direction along the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 14B. The plate 34 is integrated with the ring roller 26 through bolts 36. That is, the ring roller 26 rotates with the plate 34 and is movable in the axial direction together with the plate 34.

  The coil 32, the plate 34, and the ring roller 26 integrated with the plate 34 constitute an electromagnetic clutch 30. That is, the ring roller 26 is a component part of the simple planetary roller mechanism 20 that is the preceding stage reduction mechanism and also serves as a component part of the electromagnetic clutch 30.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, a swinging intermeshing planetary gear mechanism 50 is incorporated as a subsequent reduction mechanism. Referring to FIG. 3 as well, this planetary gear mechanism 50 has an input shaft 52 to which power from the simple planetary roller mechanism 20 at the front stage is input (rear stage), and an eccentric body 54 with respect to the input shaft 52. And an external gear 56 incorporated so as to be able to swing eccentrically through a bearing 55, and an internal gear 58 in which the external gear 56 is in mesh with the internal gear.

  The internal gear 58 is interposed between the casings 14 and 16 and is integrated with the casings 14 and 16 by bolts 57. The internal teeth of the internal gear 58 are constituted by roller-shaped pins 58 </ b> A, and the number (the number of teeth) is one more than the number of teeth of the external gear 56.

  Inner pin hole 56A is formed in external gear 56, and carrier (inner pin) 60 (and inner roller 61) is loosely fitted. The inner pin 60 is integrated with the output shaft 62. The output shaft 62 is supported by the casing 16 via bearings 64 and 66.

  Reference numeral 16A denotes a leg portion formed integrally with the casing 16, and 16B denotes a mounting hole (for mounting the geared motor GM1) formed in the leg portion 16A.

  Next, the operation of the geared motor GM1 will be described.

  When the motor shaft 18 of the motor M1 rotates, the sun roller 22 of the simple planetary roller mechanism 20 integrated therewith rotates. The coil 32 of the electromagnetic clutch 30 attracts the plate 34 during operation, and the plate 34 is integrated with the casing 14 through the self 32. Therefore, the ring roller 26 integrated with the plate 34 via the bolt 36 is also integrated (fixed) with the casing 14. As a result, the simple planetary roller mechanism 20 has an input / output system of sun roller 22: input, ring roller 26: fixed, carrier 27: output, and the motor shaft 18 rotates after being decelerated at a predetermined reduction ratio. It is transmitted to the input shaft 52 of the planetary gear mechanism 50 of the dynamic internal meshing type.

  When the input shaft 52 (at the rear stage) rotates, the external gear 56 swings and rotates around the input shaft 52 while internally meshing with the internal gear 58 via the eccentric body 54 and the bearing 55. Since the number of teeth of the internal gear 58 (the number of the roller-shaped pins 58A) is larger by one than the number of teeth of the external gear 56, the external gear 56 is swung once with respect to the internal gear 58. The phase is shifted by one tooth number difference. This means that “rotation” corresponding to 1 of the difference in the number of teeth of the external gear 56 has occurred in the external gear 56 by one rotation of the input shaft 52. Accordingly, the rotational component of the external gear 56 is taken out via the inner pin 60 while absorbing the swinging component of the external gear 56 by the loose fit between the inner pin hole 56A and the inner pin 60 (and the inner roller 61). As a result, the rotation corresponding to (the number of teeth of the external gear 56) relative to the input shaft 52 can be extracted from the output shaft 62.

  Here, when it becomes necessary to manually move the object to be driven when the motor M1 cannot be driven due to a power failure or a failure of the motor M1, the energization of the coil 32 of the electromagnetic clutch 30 is turned off. As a result, the attractive force of the coil 32 is released. In addition, in the case of a power failure, energization of the coil 32 is inevitably turned off, so that the attractive force of the coil 32 is also opened even if no off operation is performed.

  When the suction force of the coil 32 is released, the integration (fixed state) of the plate 34 with the casing 14 via the coil 32 is also released, so that the plate 34 can be rotated and integrated with the plate 34. The ring roller 26 is also able to rotate. As a result, the carrier pin 27 can be rotated with almost no load, and it is not necessary to rotate the motor M1 together with the movement of the driven object, thereby reducing the movement effort.

  Since this electromagnetic clutch 30 is arranged on the front stage side of the multistage reduction gear G1, that is, the simple planetary roller mechanism 20 side, a sufficient clutch function can be obtained even with a relatively small capacity. An increase in cost can be suppressed.

  In this multistage reduction gear G1, the output of the motor M1 is received by a simple planetary roller mechanism that transmits traction transmission (instead of gear transmission), and the swinging intermeshing planetary gear at the rear stage in a state where the rotational speed is reduced. Since the vibration is transmitted to the speed reduction mechanism 50, the vibration of the motor M1 can be absorbed by the simple planetary roller mechanism 20, and the meshing noise generated by the gear reduction mechanism 50 at the subsequent stage can be reduced. Further, the occurrence of a resonance phenomenon between the motor M1 and the gear reduction mechanism 50 at the subsequent stage can be effectively avoided by interposing the simple planetary roller mechanism 20 therebetween. The level of generated noise can be reduced.

  Therefore, the geared motor GM1 is suitable for applications that require a high reduction ratio and low noise and low vibrations, such as a conveyor, a traveling carriage, and an automatic door drive device. .

  FIG. 4 shows an example in which the geared motor (motor-integrated multi-stage speed reducer) GM1 is applied to drive the traveling carriage R. Here, the entire geared motor GM1 is supported on the base 72 of the traveling carriage R through the mounting holes 16B formed through the legs 16A of the casing 16 depicted in the lower part of FIG. A state in which R traveling wheels 74 are attached is shown. In such an application, for example, even when the motor M1 is broken or a power failure occurs, the power supply to the coil 32 of the electromagnetic clutch 30 is stopped, or the power supply is stopped due to a power failure. The traveling carriage R can be driven with a relatively light force (manually).

  Here, the electromagnetic clutch 30 also uses the ring roller 26 as its component, and the ring roller 26 moves directly in the axial direction in order to connect and disconnect the clutch. For this reason, since the movement in the axial direction directly allows the rotation of the ring roller 26 and is fixed, the number of parts of the electromagnetic clutch 30 can be reduced.

  FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the geared motor GM2 in this embodiment, the electromagnetic clutch 130 is not a front-stage reduction mechanism (simple planetary roller mechanism 120) of the multistage reduction gear G2, but a rear-stage reduction mechanism (a swinging intermeshing planetary gear mechanism). 150).

  That is, the ring roller 126 of the simple planetary roller mechanism 120 is fixed to the casing 114 from the beginning by the bolt 136. On the other hand, the electromagnetic clutch 130 is disposed in the vicinity of the internal gear 158 of the planetary gear mechanism 150 at the subsequent stage. Specifically, the coil 132 of the electromagnetic clutch 130 is fixed to the casing 114 and can attract the plate 134. This plate 134 is integrated with the internal gear 158 of the planetary gear mechanism 150 at the rear stage via the bolt 135, can be rotated together with the internal gear 158, and is along the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 114 </ b> B of the casing 114. It can move in the axial direction. That is, in this embodiment, the internal gear 158 of the swinging intermeshing planetary gear mechanism 150 at the rear stage also serves as a component of the electromagnetic clutch 130.

  During operation, the internal gear 158 and the plate 134 are both integrated with the casing 114 together with the coil 132 by suction of the coil 132, and power transmission similar to that of the previous embodiment is realized. On the other hand, when the motor fails or a power failure occurs, the energization of the coil 132 is stopped, so that the internal gear 158 (and the plate 134) can rotate with respect to the casing 114. As a result, the inner pin 160 can be rotated in an almost no load state (with an extremely light force). That is, when the object to be driven is moved manually, not only the motor M2 and the simple planetary roller mechanism 120 that is the preceding reduction mechanism, but also the swinging intermeshing planetary gear mechanism 150 that is the subsequent reduction mechanism. It is not necessary to carry around, and the labor of movement can be extremely reduced.

  The other configuration is substantially the same as that of the previous geared motor GM1, and therefore, the same or similar parts in the figure have two lower digits, but only the common reference numerals are given, and redundant description is omitted.

  In the present invention, the electromagnetic clutch may be attached to the planetary speed reduction mechanism, and the specific configuration beyond that is not particularly limited. For example, a simple planetary gear mechanism may be employed in place of the simple planetary roller mechanisms 20 and 120, and a flexure meshing planetary gear mechanism is employed in place of the swinging intermeshing planetary gear mechanisms 30 and 130. May be. Further, for example, a simple planetary reduction mechanism may be used for both the front and rear stages.

  The present invention is particularly useful in applications in which a large reduction ratio is required during normal operation, such as a conveyor or a traveling carriage, and a situation where manual driving is required in the event of a power failure, motor failure, or the like. It is.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the overall configuration of a motor-integrated multistage speed reducer to which an example of an embodiment of the present invention is applied. Sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. Sectional view along line III-III in FIG. Longitudinal sectional view showing an example in which the motor integrated multi-stage speed reducer is applied to a traveling carriage 1 is a longitudinal sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing an example of another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

M1 ... motor G1 ... multi-stage reducer GM1 ... geared motor (motor-integrated multi-stage reducer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14, 16 ... Casing 18 ... Motor shaft 20 ... Simple planetary roller mechanism 22 ... Sun roller 24 ... Planetary roller 26 ... Ring roller 27 ... Carrier 30 ... Electromagnetic clutch 32 ... Coil 34 ... Plate 36 ... Bolt 50 ... Swing internal meshing Type planetary gear mechanism 52 ... input shaft 54 ... eccentric body 55 ... bearing 56 ... external gear 56A ... internal pin hole 58 ... internal gear 60 ... internal pin 62 ... output shaft

Claims (3)

In a geared motor that combines a motor and a multistage speed reducer having a front stage and a rear stage reduction mechanism,
While configuring at least one of the front-stage or rear-stage speed reduction mechanisms as a planetary speed reduction mechanism,
One part constituting the planetary speed reduction mechanism is movable in the axial direction, and the one part is movably incorporated together with an electromagnetic clutch plate for selectively connecting or releasing the power transmission of the planetary speed reduction mechanism. motor integrated multistage reduction gear, characterized in that there. In claim 1,
The preceding stage reduction mechanism comprises a planetary reduction mechanism of a simple planetary roller mechanism having a sun roller, a planetary roller, and a ring roller;
It said ring roller is capable embedded rare move in the axial direction and the circumferential direction together with the plate, and,
The motor-integrated multi-stage speed reducer is characterized in that the plate can be sucked and fixed together with the ring roller by the suction force of the coil of the electromagnetic clutch. In claim 1,
The rear-stage reduction mechanism includes a rear-stage input shaft to which power from the front-stage reduction mechanism is input, an external gear incorporated so as to be eccentrically swingable with respect to the rear-stage input shaft, and the external gear An oscillating intermeshing planetary speed reduction mechanism having an intermeshing internal gear,
The internal gear is integrated into the movable in the axial direction and the circumferential direction together with the plate, and,
The motor-integrated multistage speed reducer, wherein the plate can be attracted and fixed together with the internal gear by the attractive force of the coil of the electromagnetic clutch.

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