JP4260095B2 - Single double effect absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a single double-effect absorption refrigerator (including an absorption chiller / heater).

  As this type of absorption refrigerator, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a high-temperature regenerator 5 that heats the absorption liquid by using combustion heat generated by the gas burner 4 as a heat source and evaporates and separates the refrigerant is supplied from the high-temperature regenerator 5 The low-temperature regenerator 6 is a double-effect regenerator that heats the absorption liquid by using the refrigerant vapor as a heat source and evaporates and separates the refrigerant, and the refrigerant vapor supplied from the low-temperature regenerator 6 is condensed in parallel with the low-temperature regenerator 6. The absorption liquid is heated by using a relatively low temperature hot waste water of, for example, about 80 ° C. supplied from the condenser 7 of the double effect condenser, the cogeneration system, etc. via the low heat source supply pipe 28, and the refrigerant is evaporated. A low heat source regenerator 9 of a single effect regenerator to be separated, a condenser 10 of a single effect condenser which is provided in parallel to the low heat source regenerator 9 and condenses the refrigerant vapor supplied from the low heat source regenerator 9, a condenser 7 And from the condenser 10 An evaporator 1 for evaporating supplied refrigerant liquid, an absorber 2 for absorbing refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 1 by a concentrated absorbent supplied from a low temperature regenerator 6, a rare absorbent pump P1, an intermediate absorbent pump A single double-effect absorption refrigerator 100X including P2, a refrigerant pump P5, and the like is well known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes a low-temperature heat exchanger, 13 denotes a high-temperature heat exchanger, 26 denotes a brine pipe through which brine (for example, water) flows for cooling and heating by supplying cold heat or heat to a heat load (not shown), 27 Is a cooling water pipe, 28A is a bypass pipe provided in the low heat source supply pipe 28, V1, V2, V8 and V9 are open / close valves, and V4 is a three-way valve provided in the low heat source supply pipe 28.

In the single double-effect absorption refrigerator 100X having the above-described configuration, when hot water is circulated and supplied to the heat load via the brine pipe 26 in order to perform heating operation such as heating, the on-off valves V1, V2, V8, and V9 are opened. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 4 is caused to flow to the evaporator absorber barrel 3 via the refrigerant tubes 20 and 20A, and the brine water flowing in the heat transfer tube 1B is heated by the refrigerant vapor, The heated warm water is circulated and supplied to the heat load via the brine pipe 26.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-341729

  The conventional single-double-effect absorption refrigerator having the above-described configuration heats the brine water by sending the refrigerant vapor generated by the high-temperature regenerator to the evaporator absorber body during heating operation such as heating. Even when the load is small, only a low heat source regenerator supplied from a cogeneration system or the like, for example, with a relatively low temperature hot waste water of about 80 ° C. as a heat source, generates refrigerant vapor for brine heating. The structure was not possible.

  Therefore, in order to increase the thermal efficiency, in heating operation such as heating when the heat load is small, it is necessary to enable the brine to be heated by the refrigerant vapor generated only by the low heat source regenerator. It was.

  The present invention relates to an evaporator absorber cylinder containing an evaporator and an absorber, a low temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing a low temperature regenerator and a condenser, and a low heat source regenerator and condenser using a hot drain as a heat source. Low heat source regenerator condenser body, high temperature regenerator, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature heat exchanger, refrigerant pump, rare absorption liquid pump, intermediate absorption liquid pump, etc. In an absorption refrigerator, a refrigerant pipe that is piped between a vapor phase portion of an evaporator and a vapor phase portion of a low heat source regenerator condenser body and that has a valve that is opened during heating operation, and a refrigerant liquid of the evaporator Piped between the reservoir and the refrigerant spreader installed in the upper part of the evaporator, piped between the refrigerant pipe with the refrigerant pump interposed between the refrigerant pump discharge side of the refrigerant pipe and the low heat source regenerator, and heated A single-double-effect suction system equipped with a refrigerant pipe with a valve that is opened during operation. It is a refrigerator.

  According to the present invention, since the refrigerant vapor generated by heating in the low heat source regenerator is sent to the evaporator, the brine can be heated by the refrigerant vapor. Therefore, when the heat load is small, the brine can be heated only by the refrigerant vapor generated by the low heat source regenerator using a warm waste water of about 80 ° C. supplied from a cogeneration system or the like as the heat source, and the thermal efficiency is high.

  In addition, since the absorbing liquid with a high refrigerant concentration can be sprayed on the heat transfer tubes of the low heat source regenerator, the temperature of the hot wastewater supplied to the low heat source regenerator from a cogeneration system or the like is as low as about 80 ° C. However, the refrigerant quickly evaporates from the absorbing liquid, and the exhaust heat recovery rate is high.

  Evaporator absorber cylinder containing the evaporator and absorber, low temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing the low temperature regenerator and condenser, low heat source regenerator and condenser using the hot drain as a heat source. Low heat source regenerator Condenser body, high temperature regenerator, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature heat exchanger, refrigerant pump, rare absorption liquid pump, intermediate absorption liquid pump, etc. A refrigerant pipe which is piped between the vapor phase portion of the evaporator and the vapor phase portion of the condenser of the low heat source regenerator condenser body and which has a valve opened during heating operation, and a refrigerant liquid reservoir of the evaporator And a refrigerant spreader installed in the upper part of the evaporator, and is connected between a refrigerant pipe in which a refrigerant pump is interposed, a refrigerant pump discharge side of the refrigerant pipe and a low heat source regenerator, and heating operation. Single-double-effect absorption with a refrigerant pipe with a valve that is sometimes opened Freezing machine.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In order to facilitate understanding, parts having the same functions as those described with reference to FIG.

  A single double-effect absorption refrigerator 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes an evaporator body 3 containing an evaporator 1 and an absorber 2, a high temperature regenerator 5 including a gas burner 4, a low temperature regenerator 6, and a low temperature regenerator. A condenser 7 juxtaposed to the condenser 6, a low-temperature regenerator condenser cylinder 8 containing the low-temperature regenerator 6 and the condenser 7, a low heat source regenerator 9, and a condenser 10 juxtaposed to the low heat source regenerator 9. , A low heat source regenerator condenser 11 containing a low heat source regenerator 9 and a condenser 10, a low temperature heat exchanger 12, a high temperature heat exchanger 13, a refrigerant drain heat recovery unit 14, and a brine to be supplied to a heat load (for example, Brine pipe 26 through which water) flows, cooling water pipe 27, low heat source supply pipe 28 for supplying warm drainage supplied from a cogeneration system to the low heat source regenerator 9, a rare absorbent pump P1, an intermediate absorbent pump P2, Concentrated liquid pump P3, refrigerant pump P5, etc. Eteori, they are connected by piping as shown in FIG.

  That is, in the single double effect absorption refrigerator 100 of the present invention, the absorption liquid reservoir formed in the lower part of the absorber 2 and the spreader 9A provided in the gas phase part of the low heat source regenerator 9 are connected. A rare absorbent pump P <b> 1 is provided upstream of the absorbent pipe 15.

  And the discharge side of the rare absorption liquid pump P1 of the absorption liquid pipe 15, that is, the downstream side passes through the solution cooling absorber 2A provided on the upper side of the absorber 2, and then the absorption liquid interposing the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 The pipe 15 </ b> A and the absorbing liquid pipe 15 </ b> B interposing the refrigerant drain heat recovery device 14 are branched, and then merged and connected to a spreader 9 </ b> A disposed in the upper part of the low heat source regenerator 9.

  Further, an intermediate absorption liquid pump P2 and a high temperature heat exchanger 13 are interposed in the absorption liquid pipe 16 connecting the absorption liquid reservoir formed at the lower part of the low heat source regenerator 9 and the gas phase part of the high temperature regenerator 5. The high-temperature heat exchanger 13 is interposed in the absorption liquid pipe 17 connecting the absorption liquid reservoir of the high-temperature regenerator 1 and the gas phase part of the low-temperature regenerator 6, and the high-temperature heat exchanger 13 of the absorption liquid pipe 17. An on-off valve V1 is interposed in the absorption liquid pipe 17A connecting the inlet side and the gas phase part of the absorber 2, and a spreader provided in the absorption liquid reservoir of the low temperature regenerator 6 and the gas phase part of the absorber 2. 2B, a concentrated absorbent pump P3 and a low-temperature heat exchanger 12 are interposed between the absorbent pipe 18 and 2B. The concentrated absorbent pump of the intermediate absorbent pump P2 upstream of the absorbent pipe 16 and the concentrated pipe 18 The P3 upstream side is connected by a bypass pipe 19.

  The upper part of the gas phase part of the high-temperature regenerator 1 and the bottom part of the condenser 7 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 20 in which the heat transfer pipe 6A installed in the low-temperature regenerator 6 and the refrigerant drain heat recovery unit 14 are interposed. The refrigerant vapor evaporated and separated from the absorption liquid in the regenerator 1 heats the absorption liquid in the low-temperature regenerator 6 through the tube wall of the heat transfer pipe 6A, and dissipates heat and condenses in the process of evaporating and separating the refrigerant from the absorption liquid. The refrigerant drain introduced into the vessel 7 is supplied to the refrigerant drain heat recovery unit 14.

  Moreover, the low temperature regenerator 6 inlet side of the refrigerant pipe 20 and the gas phase part of the absorber 2 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 20A having an on-off valve V2. Further, the vapor phase part of the evaporator 1 and the bottom part of the condenser 7 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 21 having a U-shaped part, and the lower side of the refrigerant pipe 21 and the bottom part of the condenser 10 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 22. It is connected.

  In addition, by operating the refrigerant pump P5, the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the refrigerant liquid reservoir of the evaporator 1 is transferred over the heat transfer pipe 1B connected to the brine pipe 26 from the spreader 1A of the evaporator 1 or the low heat source regenerator 9. The refrigerant pipe is provided so that it can be spread from the spreader 9A onto the heat transfer pipe 9B.

  That is, one end is connected to the refrigerant liquid reservoir of the evaporator 1, and a three-way valve V3 is provided at the other end on the downstream side of the refrigerant pump P5 of the refrigerant pipe 23 in which the refrigerant pump P5 is interposed, and from the three-way valve V3 to the spreader 1A. A refrigerant pipe 23 </ b> A reaching and a refrigerant pipe 23 </ b> B reaching the spreader 9 </ b> A are extended. The refrigerant pipe 23 is connected between the refrigerant pump P5 and the three-way valve V3 and the absorption liquid reservoir of the absorber 2 by a refrigerant pipe 23C in which an on-off valve V7 is interposed.

  Further, in the low heat source regenerator 9 of the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11, a heat transfer tube 9B to which the low heat source supply pipe 28 is connected is installed below the spreader 9A. Reference numeral 28A denotes a bypass pipe provided in the low heat source supply pipe 28, and reference numeral V4 denotes a three-way valve provided at a junction between the low heat source supply pipe 28 and the bypass pipe 28A.

  Further, the vapor phase portions of the evaporator 1 and the condenser 7 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 24 having an open / close valve V5 opened during a heating operation such as heating, and the vapor phases of the evaporator 1 and the condenser 10 are connected. The parts are connected by a refrigerant pipe 25 in which an on-off valve V6 that is opened when a heating operation such as heating is performed is interposed. The brine pipe 26 and the cooling water pipe 27 are connected by a pressure equalizing pipe 29 with an on-off valve V9 interposed.

  When the single-double effect absorption refrigerator 100 having the above-described configuration is subjected to a heating operation such as heating, the cooling water pipe 27 does not supply the cooling water to the absorber 2 and the condensers 7 and 10. A heating load such as heating is small, and therefore, a sufficient amount of heat is absorbed by the amount of heat supplied from the cogeneration system or the like to the low heat source regenerator 9 of the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 through the low heat source supply pipe 28. When it can be supplied to the machine, the absorption liquid is not heated by the gas burner 4 in the high-temperature regenerator 5. For this reason, the intermediate absorbing liquid pump P2 is not operated. The flow path of the three-way valve V3 is set so that the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 1 conveyed by the refrigerant pump P5 is sprayed from the sprayer 9A of the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 onto the heat transfer tube 9B. The

  Hereinafter, the circulation of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid at that time will be described. Low heat source regenerator In the low heat source regenerator 9 of the condenser body 11, a relatively low temperature hot waste water of about 80 ° C., for example, supplied from a cogeneration system or the like via a low heat source supply pipe 28 is absorbed as a heat source. The liquid is heated through the tube wall of the heat transfer tube 9B, and the refrigerant is evaporated and separated from the absorption liquid.

  The refrigerant vapor evaporated and separated from the absorption liquid by the low heat source regenerator 9 enters the condenser 10 of the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 provided in parallel with the low heat source regenerator 9. The refrigerant vapor that has entered the condenser 10 passes through the evaporator 1 of the evaporator absorber cylinder 3 communicated with the condenser 10 via the refrigerant pipe 25 from the heat load into the heat transfer pipe 1B via the brine pipe 26. Since it is cooled by the low-temperature brine refluxed to a low pressure, it is introduced into the low-pressure evaporator 1 and dissipates heat to the low-temperature brine flowing through the heat transfer tube 1B to condense.

  Due to the heat radiation of the refrigerant vapor, the brine flowing in the heat transfer tube 1B is heated to a predetermined temperature, for example, 55 ° C., and is circulated and supplied to a heat load such as heating through the brine tube. And the refrigerant | coolant liquid collected in the refrigerant | coolant pool of the evaporator 1 is spread | dispersed on the heat exchanger tube 9B again from the spreader 9A of the low-heat-source regenerator 9 by the driving | operation of the refrigerant | coolant pump P5.

  On the other hand, the absorption liquid having the absorption liquid concentration increased by evaporating and separating the refrigerant in the low heat source regenerator 9 is passed through the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 by the operation of the concentrated absorption liquid pump P3, and the absorber of the evaporator absorber body 3 is absorbed. 2 is sprayed from the spreader 2B and collected in the absorption liquid reservoir at the bottom, returned to the low heat source regenerator 9 by the operation of the rare absorbent pump P1, and sprayed from the sprayer 9A onto the heat transfer tube 9B.

  In the single double-effect absorption refrigerator 100 of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the refrigerant and the absorption liquid circulate as described above. Therefore, by operating the refrigerant pump P5 with priority over the rare absorption liquid pump P1, the low On the heat transfer tube 9B of the heat source regenerator 9, an absorbing liquid having a high refrigerant concentration is dispersed.

  Therefore, even if the temperature of the warm wastewater supplied from the cogeneration system or the like to the heat transfer pipe 9B through the low heat source supply pipe 28 is as low as about 80 ° C., the refrigerant quickly evaporates from the absorption liquid, and the exhaust heat recovery rate is high. There is a feature that it becomes higher.

  The above feature is that the on-off valves V1 and V2 are also opened, the absorption liquid is heated by the gas burner 4 in the high-temperature regenerator 5, and the intermediate absorption liquid pump P2 is also operated, so that the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 is low. In the heat source regenerator 9, the refrigerant vapor evaporated and separated by heating with the warm waste water supplied from the low heat source supply pipe 28 is sent to the high temperature regenerator 5 to be heated, and the refrigerant vapor evaporated and separated from the absorbent liquid; The absorption liquid concentrated by evaporating and separating the refrigerant is sent to the absorber 2 of the evaporator absorber body 3, and the brine flowing in the heat transfer tube 1B of the evaporator 1 arranged in parallel with the absorber 2 is mainly used as the refrigerant. It is also demonstrated during high heat load operation, where heating is performed by latent heat when steam condenses.

  In the single double-effect absorption refrigerator 100 of the present invention, a cooling water is supplied to the absorber 2 and the condensers 7 and 10 while flowing the cooling water to the cooling water pipe 27 and supplied from a) a cogeneration system or the like. The heated waste water is supplied to the heat transfer pipe 9B of the low heat source regenerator 9 through the low heat source supply pipe 28. b) The natural gas is burned by the gas burner 4, and the low heat source regenerator 9 and the high temperature regenerator. 5, cooling the refrigerant by evaporating and separating the refrigerant vapor from the absorbent, condensing the refrigerant vapor in a condenser to which cooling water is supplied, and evaporating the condensed refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 1. Needless to say, the present invention relates to a heating operation such as heating of a single double-effect absorption refrigerator, and therefore the description of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid during the cooling operation is omitted.

  By the way, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit described in the claims.

  For example, instead of the three-way valve V3, an opening / closing valve that is opened when performing a cooling operation such as cooling is provided in the refrigerant pipe 23A, and an opening / closing valve that is opened during a heating operation such as heating is provided in the refrigerant pipe 23B. .

  Further, the solution cooling absorber 2A and the refrigerant drain heat recovery device 14 are not necessarily provided, and the cooling water pipe 27 can be configured such that the cooling water branches and flows to the absorber 2, the condensers 6 and 10. It is.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the single double effect absorption refrigerator of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Evaporator 1A Spreader 1B Heat exchanger tube 2 Absorber 3 Evaporator absorber cylinder 5 High temperature regenerator 6 Low temperature regenerator 7 Condenser 8 Low temperature regenerator condenser cylinder 9 Low heat source regenerator 9A Spreader 9B Heat transfer tube 10 Condenser DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Low heat source regenerator condenser body 12 Low temperature heat exchanger 13 High temperature heat exchanger 14 Refrigerant drain heat recovery device 15, 16, 17, 18 Absorption liquid pipe 19 Bypass pipe 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Refrigerant pipe 26 Brine pipe 27 Cooling water pipe 28 Low heat source supply pipe P1 Rare absorbent pump P2 Intermediate absorbent pump P3 Concentrated absorbent pump P5 Refrigerant pump V1, V2, V5, V6, V7, V8, V9 On-off valve V3, V4 Three-way valve 100 , 100X single double effect absorption refrigerator

Claims (1)

  Evaporator absorber cylinder containing the evaporator and absorber, low temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing the low temperature regenerator and condenser, low heat source regenerator and condenser using the hot drain as a heat source. Low heat source regenerator Condenser body, high temperature regenerator, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature heat exchanger, refrigerant pump, rare absorption liquid pump, intermediate absorption liquid pump, etc. A refrigerant pipe that is piped between the vapor phase portion of the evaporator and the vapor phase portion of the condenser body of the low heat source regenerator, and has a valve that is opened during heating operation, and a refrigerant liquid reservoir and evaporator of the evaporator It is piped between the refrigerant spreader installed in the upper part of the inside and piped between the refrigerant pipe in which the refrigerant pump is interposed, the refrigerant pump discharge side of the refrigerant pipe and the low heat source regenerator, and is opened during heating operation. Single-effect double-effect absorption cooling Machine.

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