JP4242743B2 - Vehicle door structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a vehicle door that is formed by joining together an inner panel and an outer panel made of synthetic resin.

  As is well known, in a vehicle such as an automobile, a door that covers a predetermined opening formed in a vehicle body so as to be openable and closable is usually a combination of an inner plate member (inner panel) and an outer plate member (outer panel). A part (panel space) is formed, and at least the peripheral part of both panels and its vicinity are joined together.

  For example, in a vehicle provided with an opening that opens rearward at the rear end of the vehicle body, it is called a so-called lift gate, tail gate, rear gate, or back door that covers the opening of the rear end of the vehicle body so that it can be opened and closed in the vertical direction. An opening / closing body (hereinafter, these opening / closing bodies are collectively referred to as “back door”) is provided. Such a back door is particularly large among the doors for vehicles, but also for this back door, as described above, at least the peripheral portions of the inner panel and the outer panel are joined, and a panel space is provided between them. Composed.

Incidentally, in recent years, there has been a demand for further weight reduction of the vehicle body in order to improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle, and as part of responding to such requests, the inner and outer panel materials are made of synthetic resin. This is being put into practical use (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 63-151518 A

  When the vehicle door is configured by joining synthetic resin inner and outer panel materials, the vehicle door panel material is relatively large as a resin molded product, so deformation such as molding distortion also increases. Molding is difficult. In addition, the mold for molding becomes large and its handling is not easy. That is, there is a problem that the moldability and workability in the molding process are not good. In particular, since the outer panel is larger than the inner panel, the above problem appears more prominently.

  In particular, in the case of a back door, there are those having a rear spoiler for the same vehicle type and those having no rear spoiler, and it is necessary to prepare different molds depending on the presence or absence of the rear spoiler. There was also a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of such technical problems, and it is a basic object to improve the moldability of the outer panel and the workability in the molding process when obtaining a synthetic resin vehicle door. .

For this reason, the vehicle door structure according to the first invention of the present application is constructed by joining at least the peripheral part of the inner panel and the outer panel made of synthetic resin and the vicinity thereof, and can open and close a predetermined opening formed in the vehicle body. The door includes a window opening covered with window glass, the outer panel is divided into an upper outer panel and a lower outer panel, and the outer panel dividing portion is A part thereof is provided along the edge of the window opening and is covered with the window glass .

The present Application In a second aspect based on the first invention, the divided portions of the outer panel, in which a part is characterized in that provided along the lower edge of the window opening is there.

In a further, the Application In a third aspect based on the first or second aspect of the invention, the window glass is bonded by using an adhesive agent to the outer panel, the adhesive width of the split portion and the vicinity thereof in the outer panel It is characterized in that it is set to be larger than the adhesion width in other portions.

Furthermore, in the fourth invention of the present application, in the third invention, the application step of applying the adhesive to the window glass and / or the outer panel includes a predetermined application unit that discharges the adhesive per unit time. It is performed by moving along the locus, and the moving speed of the coating means is set slower than that of the other portions in the outer panel dividing portion and the vicinity thereof.

Still further, the fifth invention of the present application is that, in the third or fourth invention, a panel material is laminated and adhered to the side opposite to the window glass of the divided portion of the outer panel by an adhesive. It is a feature.
Still further, a sixth invention of the present application is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the door is a back door that covers an opening formed in a rear portion of the vehicle body so as to be opened and closed. Is.

According to the first invention of this application, since the outer panel is divided into the upper outer panel and the lower outer panel, when forming the outer panel, the upper outer panel and the lower outer panel are formed into smaller sizes, respectively. It can be molded separately using a mold. Therefore, as compared with the case where a large outer panel is molded as a single sheet, molding distortion can be suppressed and handling of a molding die is facilitated. As a result, the moldability of the outer panel and the workability in the molding process can be improved . Also, with respect to the outer panel of the door, when the paint color in the upper and lower parts of the door performs a different so-called two-tone paint, by division portion between the upper outer panel and a lower outer panel changes the upper and lower paint color, It is easy to paint, and two-tone coating with good appearance of the color change part can be performed.
In particular, for a door having a window opening covered with window glass, a part of the outer panel dividing portion is provided along the edge of the window opening, so the edge of the window opening is used. The division can be performed, and the portion of the outer panel that divides the panel material itself can be shortened. As a result, the joining work between the upper outer panel and the lower outer panel can be reduced, and the appearance of the outer panel can be prevented from being deteriorated due to the division. Moreover, since the division part of the said outer panel is covered with the window glass, it can prevent that a dust penetrate | invades into a division part, or a division part is directly exposed to rain wind, and can protect a division part. In addition, since the divided portion is difficult to see from the outside, it is possible to suppress deterioration in the appearance of the outer panel due to the division. In particular, it is possible to make the divided portion almost invisible from the outside by using window glass having low light transmittance or by applying plating or coating to the portion covering the divided portion of the window glass.

Also, according to the second invention, basically it is possible to achieve the same effects as the first aspect of the invention, in particular, along a part of the divided portions of the outer panel to the lower edge of the window opening Thus, the upper outer panel and the lower outer panel can be divided with an appropriate dimension distribution in the vertical direction.

Further, according to the third invention, basically it is possible to achieve the same effect as the first or second aspect of the present invention. In particular, the window glass is bonded to the outer panel by using an adhesive, and the divided width of the outer panel and its vicinity are set to be larger than the bonded width at other portions, so that The bonding (adhesion) strength can be further increased.

Furthermore, according to the fourth invention of the present application, basically the same effect as that of the third invention can be obtained. In particular, the case where the coating process of applying the above SL adhesive to the window glass and / or outer panel, the discharge amount per hour of the adhesive is performed by moving along a constant coating means to a predetermined trajectory, the division of the outer panel By setting the moving speed of the application means slower than that of other parts at the part and its vicinity, the adhesive width at the outer panel divided part and its vicinity can be easily and reliably set to the adhesive width at the other part. Can be larger.

Still further, according to the fifth invention of the present application, in the case where the panel material is overlapped and adhered by the adhesive on the side opposite to the window glass of the divided portion of the outer panel, basically the third or fourth The same effects as the invention can be achieved.
Still further, according to the sixth invention of the present application, in particular, with respect to the back door that covers the opening formed in the rear part of the vehicle body so as to be openable and closable, basically the same effect as any one of the first to fifth inventions. Can be played. The back door is particularly effective because it is a large door among the doors for vehicles, and if there are some with the same car model with a rear spoiler and some with no rear spoiler, the mold for the lower outer panel is In common, only the mold for the upper outer panel may be replaced in accordance with the presence or absence of the rear spoiler, and the mold cost can be reduced.

Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention is applied to an example of a back door structure that covers an opening that is formed at the rear of a vehicle body and that opens rearward so as to be opened and closed in the vertical direction, with reference to the accompanying drawings. This will be described in detail.
1 is a front explanatory view of the back door of the automobile, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view along the line Y2-Y2 in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view along the line Y3-Y3 in FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line Y4-Y4 of FIG.

  The back door 1 is formed by combining an inner plate member 10 (inner panel) and an outer plate member 20 (outer panel) having a predetermined shape and size, and joining the peripheral portions of the panels 10 and 20 and the vicinity thereof. The space portion S1 (door space) is formed between the space 10 and 20. An opening 1H (window opening) covered with the rear window glass 30 is formed at a relatively upper portion of the back door 1. The window opening 1H is composed of a window opening 10H of the inner panel 10 and a window opening 20H of the outer panel 20. Supported by nearby parts.

In the above-mentioned automobiles, those having the rear spoiler 5 (see the two-dot chain line display in FIG. 2) and those having no rear spoiler are set even in the same vehicle type.
A wiper device 2 (see FIG. 2) is attached to the lower end central portion of the rear window glass 30.

Both the inner and outer panels 10 and 20 are formed of synthetic resin as a material, and the peripheral edge and the vicinity thereof are joined using, for example, an adhesive (adhesive layer A1).
As a synthetic resin material for the inner panel 10, for example, a polypropylene (PP) resin containing about 40% glass reinforcing fiber was used. Further, as the synthetic resin material of the outer panel 20, a resin material made of polycarbonate (PC) resin and acetylnitrile / butadiene / styrene (ABS) resin as raw materials was used. Further, an adhesive based on urethane resin was used.

  The resin materials of the inner and outer panel members 10 and 20, and the adhesive that joins the inner and outer panel members 10 and 20 are not limited to those exemplified above. It goes without saying that various suitable materials can be used.

In the present embodiment, when manufacturing such a synthetic resin back door 1, especially the outer panel 20 that is larger (larger in size) than the inner panel 10, in its moldability and molding process. For the basic purpose of improving the workability of the outer panel 20, the outer panel 20 is configured as a vertically divided structure.
That is, the outer panel 20 is vertically divided into two along the dividing line Lb shown in FIG. 1, and is divided into an upper outer panel 21 (outer upper) and a lower outer panel 22 (outer lower).

As described above, since the outer panel 20 is divided into the upper and lower parts, when the outer panel 20 is resin-molded, the outer upper 21 and the outer lower 22 are separately molded using smaller molding dies (not shown). can do. Therefore, as compared with the case where a large outer panel is molded as a single sheet, molding distortion can be suppressed and handling of the molding die is facilitated. As a result, the moldability of the outer panel 20 and the workability in the molding process can be improved.
In particular, since the back door 20 is generally particularly large in size among the vehicle doors, the above-described effect is particularly noticeable and more effective.

  In addition, when so-called two-tone coating is applied to the outer panel 20 of the back door 1 in which the upper and lower portions of the door are different in coating color, the upper and lower portions are divided by the divided portion B (the dividing line Lb) of the outer upper 21 and the outer lower 22. By changing the coating color, it is easy to perform coating, and two-tone coating with good appearance of the color-changing portion can be performed.

  Further, even if there is a vehicle with the rear spoiler 5 and a vehicle without the rear spoiler 5, the mold for the outer lower 22 is shared, and only the mold for the outer upper 21 is replaced according to the presence or absence of the rear spoiler 5. This can save the mold cost.

  As can be clearly seen from FIG. 1, the division part B of the outer panel 20 (that is, the division line Lb) is the most central part in the vehicle width direction, and the edge part of the window opening 20H (specifically, Side edge). And it is only the left-right side part of the lower edge part of the window opening part 20H that the panel material itself of the outer panel 20 is divided | segmented.

Therefore, most of the division can be performed using the edge of the window opening 20H, and the division B that divides the panel material itself of the outer panel 20 can be shortened. As a result, the number of joining portions between the outer upper 21 and the outer lower 22 is small, and the joining work can be reduced. Further, the appearance of the outer panel 20 can be prevented from being deteriorated due to the division.
In particular, by providing the dividing line Lb of the outer panel 20 along the lower edge of the window opening 20H, the outer upper 21 and the outer lower 22 can be divided with an appropriate dimensional distribution in the vertical direction.

  Further, in this embodiment, as can be clearly understood from FIGS. 3 and 4, the dividing portion B (the dividing line Lb) of the outer panel 20 is covered with the rear window glass 30. That is, an adhesive (adhesive layer A1: refer to FIG. 4) is applied to the surface of the inner panel 10, and the outer panel 20 (the outer upper 21 and the outer lower 22) is laminated and adhered thereon, and the adhesive is further applied to the surface of the outer panel 20. (Adhesive layer A2: see FIG. 4) is applied, and the rear window glass 30 is stacked thereon and bonded.

Thus, by covering the division part B of the outer panel 20 with the rear window glass 30, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the division part B or being directly exposed to rain and wind. That is, the division part B can be protected. Moreover, since the division part B becomes difficult to be seen from the outside, it is possible to suppress deterioration in the appearance of the outer panel 20 due to the division.
In particular, by using a window glass with low light transmittance, or by applying plating or coating to a portion covering the divided portion B of the window glass 30 (that is, a peripheral portion of the window glass 30), the divided portion B is externally provided. It is possible to make it almost invisible.

  More preferably, when the window glass 30 is bonded to the outer panel 20 using an adhesive, the bonding width at the divided portion B of the outer panel 20 and in the vicinity thereof is set to be larger than the bonding width at other portions. Thus, the bonding (adhesion) strength of the divided portion B is further increased.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing a divided portion of the outer panel 20, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line Y6-Y6 in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line Y7-Y7 in FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line Y8-Y8 in FIG.
In the present embodiment, more preferably, the application step of applying the adhesive to the outer panel 20 is performed by moving an application nozzle (not shown) in which the discharge amount of the adhesive per time is constant along a predetermined locus. It has come to be. And in the division part B of the outer panel 20, and its vicinity, the moving speed of the said coating nozzle is set so that it may become slow compared with another part.

  Therefore, as can be understood by comparing FIG. 6 with FIGS. 7 and 8, the bonding width of the outer panel 20 in the divided portion B and its vicinity (see FIG. 6) is the other portion (see FIGS. 7 and 8). Therefore, the bonding (adhesion) strength of the divided portion B is further increased. In addition, the bonding width of the outer panel 20 at the divided portion B and in the vicinity thereof can be made larger than the bonding width at other portions.

In addition, although the above embodiment was about the back door 1 of a vehicle, this invention can be applied effectively also to side doors, such as a front door, for example.
Thus, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

It is front explanatory drawing of the back door of the motor vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing along the Y2-Y2 line | wire of FIG. It is longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing along the Y3-Y3 line | wire of FIG. It is longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing along the Y4-Y4 line | wire of FIG. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the division part of the outer panel of the said back door. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line Y6-Y6 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line Y7-Y7 in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line Y8-Y8 in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Back door 1H Window opening 10 Inner panel 20 Outer panel 20H Window opening 21 Outer upper 22 Outer lower 30 Rear window glass A1, A2 Adhesive layer B Dividing part Lb Dividing line

Claims (6)

Both are constructed by joining at least the peripheral part of the inner panel and the outer panel made of synthetic resin and the vicinity thereof, and covers a predetermined opening formed in the vehicle body so as to be openable and closable,
The door includes a window opening covered with window glass,
The outer panel is divided into an upper outer panel and a lower outer panel ,
A part of the outer panel dividing portion is provided along an edge of the window opening, and is covered with the window glass . Dividing portion of the outer panel, a door structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the part thereof, characterized in that provided along the lower edge of the window opening. The window glass is bonded to the outer panel using an adhesive, and the bonding width of the outer panel in the divided portion and the vicinity thereof is set to be larger than the bonding width in other portions. Item 3. The vehicle door structure according to Item 1 or 2 . The application step of applying the adhesive to the window glass and / or the outer panel is performed by moving an application means having a constant adhesive discharge amount along a predetermined trajectory. 4. The vehicle door structure according to claim 3, wherein the moving speed of the coating means is set slower in the vicinity thereof than in other portions.   5. The vehicle door structure according to claim 3, wherein a panel member is overlapped and adhered to the window glass on the side opposite to the window glass of the outer panel. The vehicle door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the door is a back door that covers an opening formed at a rear portion of the vehicle body so as to be opened and closed.

Images