JP4236166B2

JP4236166B2 - Agricultural machine

Info

Publication number: JP4236166B2
Application number: JP2003168317A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 晋大窪; 能司太田; 信近片桐
Original assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-06-12
Filing date: 2003-06-12
Publication date: 2009-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-12
Also published as: JP2005000097A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は耕耘などの農作業を行う農作業機の改良に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
駆動源の動力を機体を走行させる走行部材（車軸）に伝達するとともに耕耘などの農作業を行う作業部材（耕うん軸）に伝達する農作業機が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平８−３１７７０１号公報（第６−１０頁、図１−１３）
【０００４】
図１０は特許文献１の図１の再掲図であり、図１１は特許文献１の図１３の再掲図である。ただし、同公報に記載の符号を流用する。
特許文献１の農作業機は、図１０に示すように、機体にエンジン３を取付け、このエンジン３の動力を出力プーリ３１から取出し、この出力プーリ３１からベルト３３を介して入力プーリ３２に伝え、この入力プーリ３２の入力軸Ｅから車軸４に動力を伝達するとともに耕うん軸２に動力を伝達するようにした農作業機であって、入力軸Ｅ、車軸４及び耕うん軸２に動力伝達部（図１１参照）を介在させ、この動力伝達部を一体的に形成した一体ケース（ロータリケース６及びミッションケース５）で覆うようにしたものである。
【０００５】
さらに、特許文献１の農作業機の動力伝達部は、図１１に示すように、第１シフタ軸Ｃを機体幅方向にシフトさせることで、車軸４及び耕うん軸２の前進／停止を操作し、第２シフタ軸Ｄを機体幅方向にシフトさせることで、車軸４及び耕うん軸２の後進／前進高速／停止を操作をできるようにしたものと言える。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記の特許文献１の農作業機では、動力伝達部をロータリケース６及びミッションケース５（一体ケース）で覆うようにしたので、この一体ケースは大型化して重くなる。これでは、農作業機のメンテナンスの効率を悪化させることになる。
【０００７】
また、上記の特許文献１の農作業機では、車軸４及び耕うん軸２に動力を伝達するために、第１シフタ軸Ｃ及び第２シフタ軸Ｄを機体幅方向にシフトさせるものなので、動力伝達部の機体幅方向の寸法が広く必要となり、農作業機の機体幅が大きくなることがある。
【０００８】
畑等での耕耘作業には、畝の耕耘をする一般的な耕耘作業の他に、畝と畝との間の畝間に生えている雑草を取り除く、いわゆる畝間の除草作業（中耕作業とも言う）がある。畝間は比較的狭いので、車幅の大きい農作業機では、畝間の除草作業をするのには限界がある。
【０００９】
そこで、本発明の目的は、耕耘などの農作業の作業性を高めることができるとともにメンテナンス効率の向上を図ることができる農作業機を提供することにある。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項１は、変速機ケースに変速機構を収納し、この変速機構から入力軸、第１出力軸及び第２出力軸を突出させた農作業機であり、駆動源の動力を入力軸に伝え、この入力軸から変速機構を介して第１・第２出力軸へ伝え、第１出力軸から走行部材に動力を伝達することで機体を走行させつつ第２出力軸から作業部材に動力を伝達することで耕耘などの農作業を行う農作業機において、第２出力軸と作業部材とを伝動軸で連結し、この伝動軸にクラッチを介在させ、これらのクラッチ及び伝動軸を変速機ケースとは別体の伝動軸ケースで一括して覆ってなり、クラッチは、第２出力軸のスプラインに移動可能に嵌合する第１噛合わせ板と、伝動軸のスプラインに一体的に嵌合させた第２噛合わせ板と、第１噛合わせ板を移動させるスライド手段とから構成され、このスライド手段は、第１噛合わせ板を第２出力軸の変速機側傘歯車側に戻すように付勢する圧縮ばねと、変速機ケースにスライド可能に支持され、第２噛合わせ板に第１噛合わせ板を噛合わせる作動軸と、この作動軸の先端に係合させた作動カムとを備え、この作動カムに、変速機ケースに回転自在に取付ける軸部と、この軸部の一部を切り欠くことで形成したカム部と、作動カムを遠隔操作するワイヤが接続されるワイヤ接続部とを備えたことを特徴とする。
【００１１】
例えば、農作業機の車体幅方向の寸法を短くすることができれば、比較的狭い畝間の除草作業などが可能になり、農作業の作業性を向上させる上で好ましいことである。また、変速機ケースを小型にすることができるとすれば、農作業機のメンテナンス効率の向上を図ることができるので好都合である。
そこで、第２出力軸と作業部材とを伝動軸で連結し、この伝動軸にクラッチを介在させ、これらのクラッチ及び伝動軸を変速機ケースとは別体の伝動軸ケースで一括して覆った。
さらに、クラッチは、第２出力軸のスプラインに移動可能に嵌合する第１噛合わせ板と、伝動軸のスプラインに一体的に嵌合させた第２噛合わせ板と、第１噛合わせ板を移動させるスライド手段とから構成され、このスライド手段は、第１噛合わせ板を第２出力軸の変速機側傘歯車側に戻すように付勢する圧縮ばねと、変速機ケースにスライド可能に支持され、第２噛合わせ板に第１噛合わせ板を噛合わせる作動軸と、この作動軸の先端に係合させた作動カムとを備え、この作動カムに、変速機ケースに回転自在に取付ける軸部と、この軸部の一部を切り欠くことで形成したカム部と、作動カムを遠隔操作するワイヤが接続されるワイヤ接続部とを備えた。
【００１２】
第２出力軸と作業部材とを伝動軸で連結し、この伝動軸にクラッチを介在させることで、このクラッチで伝動軸の回転／停止をすることができる。この結果、変速機構で伝動軸の回転／停止動作をさせる必要はないので、変速機構を小型にすることができ、農作業機の車体幅方向の寸法をも短くすることができる。
【００１３】
また、クラッチ及び伝動軸を変速機ケースとは別体の伝動軸ケースで一括して覆うことで、変速機ケースを小型にすることができ、変速機ケースを容易に扱うことができる。この結果、農作業機のメンテナンス効率の向上を図ることができる。
【００１４】
請求項２は、伝動軸を、機体の幅方向略中央に配置するとともに、クラッチを、伝動軸に沿わせて作動させるようにしたことを特徴とする。
伝動軸を、機体の幅方向略中央に配置するとともに、クラッチを、伝動軸に沿わせて作動させるようにすることで、農作業機の機体幅を拡げることの防止を図ることができる。また、一般的に伝動軸廻りは空いたスペースが多く、この空いたスペースの有効利用を図ることができる。
【００１５】
請求項３は、伝動軸ケースにクラッチを収納するクラッチ収納部を備え、このクラッチ収納部を、作業部材側から見たときに略三角形に形成したことを特徴とする。
クラッチ収納部を、作業部材側から見たときに略三角形に形成することで、農作業中に伝動軸ケースへ土砂が堆積することを防止することができる。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を添付図に基づいて以下に説明する。なお、図面は符号の向きに見るものとする。
図１は本発明に係る農作業機の側面図であり、農作業機１０は、駆動源としてのエンジン１１と、このエンジン１１の動力を伝達する動力伝達装置１２と、この動力伝達装置１２から動力を受けて機体１１Ａを走行させる走行部材としての左右の車輪１３，１４（１４は不図示）と、これらの車輪１３，１４の前方に配置するとともに動力伝達装置１２から動力を受けて耕耘などをする作業部材としてのロータリ耕耘装置１５と、動力伝達装置１２の後部から延ばしたハンドル１６と、このハンドル１６に取付けた操作機構１７と、を主要構成とする作業機である。
【００１７】
なお、１９はロータリ耕耘装置１５の上方を覆うフェンダ、２５はエンジン１１の動力を動力伝達装置１２に伝える若しくは切離すメインクラッチ、４２はメインクラッチ２５を操作するクラッチレバー、１０５はロータリ耕耘装置１５にエンジン１１の動力を伝える若しくは切離すクラッチとしての作業用クラッチを示す。
【００１８】
図２は本発明に係る農作業機の平面図であり、ロータリ耕耘装置１５の上部に被せたフェンダ１９を取外した姿を示す。
農作業機１０は、操作機構１７で動力伝達装置１２を操作し、ロータリ耕耘装置１５の耕耘爪１８・・・（・・・は複数を示す。以下同じ）に動力を伝達しつつ車輪１３，１４に動力を伝達して農作業を行う作業機であって、動力伝達装置１２を、後述するように、車輪１３，１４の前進／後進の切換え及び変速をする変速機構２１と、ロータリ耕耘装置１５の耕耘爪１８・・・に動力を伝達する伝達機構２２と、から構成したものである。
【００１９】
さらに、農作業機１０は、伝達機構２２を操作するために操作機構１７からワイヤ４３を延ばし、変速機構２１の副変速機２７（図１参照）を操作するために操作機構１７からワイヤ４４，４５を延ばし、変速機構２１の主変速機３１（図１参照）を操作するために操作機構１７からワイヤ４６延ばし、変速機構２１の差動装置３２（図１参照）を操作するために操作機構１７からワイヤ４７を延ばしたことを示す。図中、３４，３５は左右の車輪１３，１４の車軸、Ｃは機体１１Ａの中心線である。
【００２０】
図３は本発明に係る農作業機のハンドルの平面図であり、操作機構１７で選択する６つのポジションを示し、これらのポジション「Ｒ」「Ｎ」「耕耘」「除草」「旋回」「非作業」の動作を説明する。
「Ｒ」はリバース（後退）、「Ｎ」はニュートラル（中立）である。
【００２１】
「耕耘」は、変速機構２１の差動装置３２を働かせることなく、左右の車輪１３，１４（図２参照）を等速で回転させ、作業用クラッチ１０５（図１参照）を接続して機体１１Ａを走行させる作業モードであり、特に耕耘時に好適なポジションである。
【００２２】
「除草」は、雑草を取り除く作業や土を浅く耕す作業などロータリ耕耘装置１５（図１参照）の耕耘爪１８・・・の回転数を耕耘の際の回転数より速くして行う作業であり、変速機構２１の差動装置３２を働かせることなく、左右の車輪１３，１４を等速で回転させ、作業用クラッチ１０５を接続して機体１１Ａを走行させる作業モードであり、特に除草時に好適なポジションである。
【００２３】
「旋回」は、変速機構２１（図１参照）の差動装置３２を働かせ、左右の車輪１３，１４（図２参照）を作動回転可能に回転させ、作業用クラッチ１０５を切離して機体１１Ａを走行させる走行モードであり、特に「枕地」などで旋回するのに好適なポジションである。
なお、「枕地」とは、圃場の作業を、例えば一辺に平行に往復して行う場合、その両端での旋回などで一時作業を中断するためにできる、部分的な一種の空地のことである。
【００２４】
「非作業」は、変速機構２１（図１参照）の差動装置３２を働かせ、左右の車輪１３，１４（図２参照）を作動回転可能に回転させ、作業用クラッチ１０５（図１参照）を切離して機体１１Ａを走行させる走行モードであり、特に「旋回」時よりも速く移動するのに好適なポジションである。
【００２５】
なお、矢印ａは「Ｎ」ポジションと「Ｒ」ポジションとの間のシフト操作、矢印ｂは「耕耘」ポジションと「旋回」ポジションとの間のシフト操作、矢印ｃは「除草」ポジションと「非作業」ポジションとの間のシフト操作を示す。
【００２６】
図中、４９はハンドル１６の右側に取付けたスロットルレバー、５１はハンドル１６の左側に取付けたエンジンスイッチ、５４はシフトゲート、５５はシフトゲート５４のＦ字状の開口、５６は「耕耘」ポジションから「旋回」ポジションへ一直線に形成した第１開口部、５７は「除草」ポジションから「非作業」ポジションへ一直線に形成した第２開口部を示す。
【００２７】
図４は本発明に係る農作業機の操作機構の斜視図であり、操作機構１７は、作業者が直接操作する操作レバー３６と、この操作レバー３６を支持するレバー支持機構３７と、ワイヤ４４，４５の先端を繋ぎ揺動させる揺動部材３９と、この揺動部材３９に一体的に取付けた回動軸４１と、これらのレバー支持機構３７、揺動部材３９及び回動軸４１を覆うとともに操作レバー３６を案内するシフトゲート５４を形成した操作パネル３８と、からなる。
【００２８】
操作レバー３６は、一端に作業者が手で握るためのグリップ６１を形成し、他端に回動軸４１に一体的に取付ける基部６２を形成した部材である。
回動軸４１は、操作パネル３８から延ばした支持板５８に固定軸６３を固定し、この固定軸６３に回動管６４を回動可能に嵌めたものであり、ワイヤ４６を保持する保持部７５を備える。
【００２９】
レバー支持機構３７は、回動管６４に箱状の前後回動部材６６を取付け、この前後回動部材６６の内側にコ字状の左右回動部材６７をシャフト６８で取付けることで、前後回動部材６６に対し左右回動部材６７を左右に回動可能に支持した。
この結果、操作レバー３６をシフトゲート５４内の６つのポジションへ移動させることができる。また、動力伝達装置１２（図１参照）にワイヤ４３〜４７（図２参照）で接続したので、操作レバー３６で動力伝達装置１２を遠隔操作することができる。
【００３０】
なお、左右回動部材６７は、２枚に板を合わせて形成した部材であって、前後回動部材６６に嵌合させる本体部７１と、この本体部７１に形成することで操作レバー３６を嵌める嵌合部７２と、シャフト６８を貫通させる貫通部７３，７３（一方不図示）と、主変速機３１（図１参照）のワイヤ４６を掛止めする掛止め部７４と、を備える。
操作パネル３８は、レバー支持機構３７を覆う平板本体５３と、この平板本体５３に形成することで操作レバー３６を案内するシフトゲート５４と、からなる。
【００３１】
揺動部材３９は、レバー支持機構３７の近傍で且つ回動管６４に中央を取付けた部材であり、一端７６に変速機構２１（図１参照）のワイヤ４４を掛止めし、他端７７にアーム部材７８を取付け、このアーム部材７８に変速機構２１（図１参照）のワイヤ４５を掛止めするとともにアーム部材７８に伝達機構２２を操作するためにワイヤ４３を掛止めするリンク手段８１を設けたものである。
【００３２】
リンク手段８１は、回動管６４に溶接で一端を固定した固定部８２と、この固定部８２の他端に揺動可能に取付けた揺動部８３とからなる。８４はリンク手段８１に取付けて差動装置３２のワイヤ４７を掛止めする掛止め部材、８５は引張ばねを示す。
【００３３】
すなわち、操作機構１７は、伝達機構２２を操作するワイヤ４３、変速機構２１の副変速機２７（図１参照）を操作ワイヤ４４，４５、変速機構２１の主変速機３１（図１参照）を操作するワイヤ４６、及び変速機構２１の差動装置３２を操作するワイヤ４７を一括して操作できるようにした部材である。
【００３４】
次に動力伝達装置１２を説明する。
図５は本発明に係る農作業機に採用した動力伝達装置の側面断面図である。
動力伝達装置１２を、前述したように、車輪１３，１４（図２参照）の前進／後進の切換え及び変速をする変速機構２１と、ロータリ耕耘装置１５の耕耘爪１８・・・に動力を伝達する伝達機構２２とからなる。
【００３５】
変速機構２１は、入力軸（第１メインシャフト）９１からエンジン１１（図１参照）の動力を受ける分岐手段２６と、この分岐手段２６から動力を受ける副変速機２７と、この副変速機２７から動力を受ける主変速機３１と、この主変速機３１から動力を受けるとともに左右の車輪１３，１４（図２参照）の回転数の差を許容する差動装置３２と、これらの分岐手段２６、副変速機２７、主変速機３１及び差動装置３２を一括して覆う変速機ケース（ミッションケース）２３と、からなる。
【００３６】
伝達機構２２は、分岐手段２６に変速機側傘歯車１０２を介して接続した第２出力軸１０３と、ロータリ耕耘装置１５側に配置した伝動軸１０４と、これらの第２出力軸１０３及び伝動軸１０４の間に介在させたクラッチとしての作業用クラッチ１０５と、伝動軸１０４の先端に取付けた作業部用傘歯車１０６と、これらの伝動軸１０４、作業用クラッチ１０５及び作業部用傘歯車１０６を覆う伝動軸ケース９９と、からなる。
【００３７】
分岐手段２６は、第２メインシャフト９２と、この第２メインシャフト９２に嵌合させた傘歯車９７、ローギヤ９８（図６参照）及びハイギヤ１０１と、を備える。
【００３８】
副変速機２７は、変速機ケース２３に回転自在に取付けた第３メインシャフト９３と、第３メインシャフト９３に嵌合させた高速手段１０７（図６参照）及び低速手段１０８と、第３メインシャフト９３に高速手段１０７若しくは低速手段１０８を選択的に固定させる副変速用シフト機構１１１と、第３メインシャフト９３に形成した第１副ドライブギヤ１１２と、第３メインシャフト９３に嵌合させた第２副ドライブギヤ１１３と、を備える。なお、先に説明したワイヤ４４，４５（図２参照）は、詳しくは副変速用シフト機構１１１に掛止めするものである。
【００３９】
主変速機３１は、第１出力軸としてのドライブシャフト９４と、このドライブシャフト９４に嵌合させた１速ドリブンギヤ１１６、２速ドリブンギヤ１１７（図６参照）、バックギヤ１１８及びドライブギヤ１２１（図６参照）と、ドライブシャフト９４に１速・２速ドリブンギヤ１１６，１１７若しくはバックギヤ１１８を選択的に固定するシフト機構１２２と、を備える。
なお、バックギヤ１１８は不図示の中間ギヤを介して逆回転を与えるものである。
【００４０】
差動装置３２は、ドライブシャフト９４から従動ギヤ１２４で受けたエンジン１１（図１参照）動力をボール１２５・・・を介して左の車軸３４と右の車軸３５（図６参照）に伝えるようにした装置であり、ロック解除部材１２６を作動させることで左右の車輪１３，１４（図２参照）の回転数の差を許容させる装置である。なお、従動ギヤ１２４は、例えば、平歯車である。
【００４１】
すなわち、農作業機１０は、変速機ケース２３に変速機構２１を収納し、この変速機構２１から入力軸９１、第１出力軸（ドライブシャフト）９４及び第２出力軸１０３を突出させた農作業機であり、図１に示す駆動源（エンジン）１１の動力を入力軸９１に伝え、この入力軸９１から変速機構２１を介して第１・第２出力軸９４，１０３へ伝え、第１出力軸９４から図２に示す走行部材（車輪）１３，１４に動力を伝達することで機体１１Ａ（図１参照）を走行させつつ第２出力軸１０３から作業部材（ロータリ耕耘装置）１５に動力を伝達することで耕耘などの農作業を行う農作業機において、第２出力軸１０３とロータリ耕耘装置１５とを伝動軸１０４で連結し、この伝動軸１０４にクラッチ（作業用クラッチ）１０５を介在させ、これらの作業用クラッチ１０５及び伝動軸１０４を変速機ケース２３とは別体の伝動軸ケース９９で一括して覆ったもの言える。
【００４２】
例えば、農作業機の車体幅方向の寸法を短くすることができれば、比較的狭い畝間の除草作業などが可能になり、農作業の作業性を向上させる上で好ましいことである。また、変速機ケースを小型にすることができるとすれば、農作業機のメンテナンス効率の向上を図ることができるので好都合である。
【００４３】
そこで、第２出力軸１０３と作業部材（ロータリ耕耘装置）１５とを伝動軸１０４で連結し、この伝動軸１０４にクラッチ（作業用クラッチ）１０５を介在させ、これらの作業用クラッチ１０５及び伝動軸１０４を変速機ケース２３とは別体の伝動軸ケース９９で一括して覆った。
第２出力軸１０３とロータリ耕耘装置１５とを伝動軸１０４で連結し、この伝動軸１０４に作業用クラッチ１０５を介在させることで、この作業用クラッチ１０５で伝動軸１０４の回転／停止をすることができる。この結果、変速機構２１で伝動軸１０４の回転／停止動作をさせる必要はないので、変速機構２１を小型にすることができ、農作業機１０（図１参照）の車体幅方向の寸法をも短くすることができる。
【００４４】
また、作業用クラッチ１０５及び伝動軸１０４を変速機ケース２３とは別体の伝動軸ケース９９で一括して覆うことで、変速機ケース２３を小型にすることができ、変速機ケース２３や伝動軸ケース９９を容易に扱うことができる。この結果、農作業機１０（図１参照）のメンテナンス効率の向上を図ることができる。
【００４５】
図中、１４１は副変速用シフト機構１１１の第１回動アーム、１４２は副変速用シフト機構１１１の管材、１４４は副変速用シフト機構１１１のロッド、１４５は副変速用シフト機構１１１の圧縮ばね、１４７は副変速用シフト機構１１１の第３回動アーム、１４８は副変速用シフト機構１１１の軸材、１５１は副変速用シフト機構１１１のシフトアーム、１６１はシフト機構１２２の連結板、１６２はシフト機構１２２の連結軸、１６３はシフト機構１２２のレバー、１６５は変速機ケース２３のガイドピン、１７４は差動装置３２の切換え部材、１７６はロック解除部材１２６の軸部材、１７７はロック解除部材１２６のアーム、１７８はロック解除部材１２６の解除アームを示す。
【００４６】
図６は本発明に係る農作業機の動力伝達装置の平面断面図であり、動力伝達装置１２の構成部品である第２メインシャフト９２、第３メインシャフト９３、ドライブシャフト９４の配置を展開した状態にて示し、駆動源側の分岐手段２６に副変速機２７を接続し、副変速機２７に主変速機３１を接続し、この主変速機３１に差動装置３２を接続したことを示す。
【００４７】
高速手段１０７は、高速走行用のギヤであって、例えば、平歯車であり、低速手段１０８は、低速走行用のギヤであって、例えば、平歯車である。
図中、１１９はドライブシャフト９４に設けたニュートラル部、１２７は左の車軸３４の軸端、１２８は右の車軸３５の軸端、１５５，１５６はシフト機構１２２の第１・第２ガイド管材、１５７はシフト機構１２２のスライドキー材、１５８はシフト機構１２２のＨ形リングを示す。
【００４８】
図７は本発明に係る農作業機の伝達機構の側面断面図であり、作業用クラッチ１０５は、第２出力軸１０３のスプライン２４１に移動可能に嵌合する第１噛合わせ板１３１と、伝動軸１０４のスプライン２４２に一体的に嵌合させた第２噛合わせ板１３２と、第１噛合わせ板１３１を移動させるスライド手段１３３と、からなる。
一般的に、作業用クラッチ１０５は、円筒端面（噛合わ板）に形成する角形形状若しくは渦巻形状の凹凸部（歯部）によって連結する噛合いクラッチであり、一般的にジョークラッチ、又はドグクラッチと呼ばれる。
【００４９】
スライド手段１３３は、第１噛合わせ板１３１に係合させた作動板２４３と、この作動板２４３に一体的に形成した作動軸１３５と、この作動軸１３５に付勢することで第１噛合わせ板１３１を変速機側傘歯車１０２側に戻す圧縮ばね１３６と、作動軸１３５の先端に係合させた作動カム１３４と、からなる。
【００５０】
作動カム１３４は、変速機ケース２３に回転自在に取付ける軸部２４４と、この軸部２４４の一部を切り欠くことで形成したカム部１５３と、ワイヤ４３を接続するワイヤ接続部１５４と、からなる。
作動軸１３５は、変速機ケース２３の変速機側案内部２４５及び伝動軸ケース９９に形成した伝動軸側案内部２４６でスライド可能に支持した部材である。
【００５１】
第１噛合わせ板１３１は、第２噛合わせ板１３２に噛合わせる歯部１３７・・・を備え、第１噛合わせ板１３１は、第２噛合わせ板１３２に噛合わせる歯部１３８・・・を備える。
図中、２４７は伝動軸ケース９９に形成したクラッチ収納部、２４８は変速機ケース２３に伝動軸ケース９９を止めるボルト、２５１は第２出力軸１０３を回転自在に指示するベアリング、２５２は伝動軸１０４を回転自在に支持するベアリングである。
【００５２】
すなわち、農作業機１０（図１参照）は、伝動軸１０４を、機体１１Ａの幅方向略中央に配置（機体１１Ａの中心線Ｃ上に配置）するとともに、クラッチ（作業用クラッチ）１０５を、伝動軸１０４に沿わせて作動させるようにしたものとも言える。
【００５３】
伝動軸１０４を、機体１１Ａの幅方向略中央に配置するとともに、作業用クラッチ１０５を、伝動軸１０４に沿わせて作動させるようにすることで、農作業機１０の機体幅を拡げることの防止を図ることができる。また、一般的に伝動軸１０４廻りは空いたスペースが多く、この空いたスペースの有効利用を図ることができる。
【００５４】
図８は本発明に係る農作業機の伝動軸ケースの正面断面図であり、伝動軸ケース９９は、クラッチ（作業用クラッチ）１０５を収納するクラッチ収納部２４７を備え、このクラッチ収納部２４７を、図１に示す作業部材（ロータリ耕耘装置）１５側から見たときに略三角形に形成したことを示す。
クラッチ収納部２４７を、ロータリ耕耘装置１５側から見たときに略三角形に形成することで、農作業中に伝動軸ケース９９へ土砂が堆積することを防止することができる。
【００５５】
図９（ａ），（ｂ）は本発明に係る農作業機の作用説明図であり、作業用クラッチ１０５の動きを説明する。
（ａ）において、第１噛合わせ板１３１の歯部１３７・・・に第２噛合わせ板１３２の歯部１３８・・・を噛合わせた状態にない。従って、第２出力軸１０３の回転を伝動軸１０４に伝えることはない。
【００５６】
（ｂ）において、図３に示す操作レバー３６を操作し、ワイヤ４３を矢印ｂ１の如く引き、作動カム１３４を矢印ｂ２の如く回転させ、作動軸１３５を矢印ｂ３の如く押し、第２噛合わせ板１３２の歯部１３８・・・に第１噛合わせ板１３１の歯部１３７・・・を噛合わせることで、第２出力軸１０３から伝動軸１０４に動力を伝達することができる。
【００５７】
尚、実施の形態では図５に示すように、変速機構２１寄りに作業用クラッチ１０５を配置したが、これに限るものではなく、ロータリ耕耘装置１５寄りに配置したものであってもよい。
【００５８】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記構成により次の効果を発揮する。
請求項１では、第２出力軸と作業部材とを伝動軸で連結し、この伝動軸にクラッチを介在させたので、このクラッチで伝動軸の回転／停止をすることができる。この結果、変速機構で伝動軸の回転／停止動作をさせる必要はないので、変速機構を小型にすることができ、農作業機の車体幅方向の寸法をも短くすることができる。
また、クラッチ及び伝動軸を変速機ケースとは別体の伝動軸ケースで一括して覆ったので、変速機ケースを小型にすることができ、変速機ケースを容易に扱うことができる。この結果、農作業機のメンテナンス効率の向上を図ることができる。
【００５９】
請求項２では、伝動軸を、機体の幅方向略中央に配置するとともに、クラッチを、伝動軸に沿わせて作動させるようにしたので、農作業機の機体幅を拡げることの防止を図ることができる。また、一般的に伝動軸廻りは空いたスペースが多く、この空いたスペースの有効利用を図ることができる。
【００６０】
請求項３では、クラッチ収納部を、作業部材側から見たときに略三角形に形成したので、農作業中に伝動軸ケースへ土砂が堆積することを防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は本発明に係る農作業機の側面図
【図２】本発明に係る農作業機の平面図
【図３】本発明に係る農作業機のハンドルの平面図
【図４】本発明に係る農作業機の操作機構の斜視図
【図５】本発明に係る農作業機に採用した動力伝達装置の側面断面図
【図６】本発明に係る農作業機の動力伝達装置の平面断面図
【図７】本発明に係る農作業機の伝達機構の側面断面図
【図８】本発明に係る農作業機の伝動軸ケースの正面断面図
【図９】本発明に係る農作業機の作用説明図
【図１０】特許文献１の図１の再掲図
【図１１】特許文献１の図１３の再掲図
【符号の説明】
１０…農作業機、１１…駆動源（エンジン）、１１Ａ…機体、１３，１４…走行部材（左右の車輪）、１５…作業部材（ロータリ耕耘装置）、２１…変速機構、２３…変速機ケース、９１…入力軸、９４…第１出力軸（ドライブシャフト）、９９…伝動軸ケース、１０３…第２出力軸、１０４…伝動軸、１０５…クラッチ（作業用クラッチ）、２４７…クラッチ収納部。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement of an agricultural machine that performs agricultural work such as tillage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art A farming machine that transmits power of a driving source to a traveling member (axle) that travels the machine body and transmits to a working member (cultivation shaft) that performs farming work such as tillage is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-317701 (page 6-10, FIG. 1-13)
[0004]
10 is a reprint of FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1, and FIG. 11 is a reprint of FIG. 13 of Patent Document 1. However, the code described in the publication will be used.
As shown in FIG. 10, the agricultural machine of Patent Document 1 has the engine 3 attached to the machine body, the power of the engine 3 is taken out from the output pulley 31, and is transmitted from the output pulley 31 to the input pulley 32 through the belt 33. The agricultural machine is configured to transmit power from the input shaft E of the input pulley 32 to the axle 4 and to transmit power to the tilling shaft 2, and a power transmission unit (see FIG. 5) is connected to the input shaft E, the axle 4, and the tilling shaft 2. 11), and this power transmission part is covered with an integrally formed case (rotary case 6 and transmission case 5).
[0005]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, the power transmission unit of the agricultural working machine of Patent Document 1 operates forward / stop of the axle 4 and the tilling shaft 2 by shifting the first shifter shaft C in the body width direction. It can be said that the second shifter shaft D is shifted in the width direction of the vehicle body so that the rear axle / forward high speed / stop can be operated.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the power transmission unit is covered with the rotary case 6 and the transmission case 5 (integrated case) in the agricultural machine described in Patent Document 1, the integrated case becomes large and heavy. This deteriorates the maintenance efficiency of the agricultural machine.
[0007]
In the agricultural machine of Patent Document 1 described above, the first shifter shaft C and the second shifter shaft D are shifted in the body width direction in order to transmit the power to the axle 4 and the tilling shaft 2, so that the power transmission unit The size in the machine width direction is required to be wide, and the machine width of the agricultural machine may be increased.
[0008]
For plowing work in fields, etc., in addition to the general plowing work for plowing plows, weeding work between the plows and the plows that removes the weeds between the plows (also called middle plowing work) There is. Since the gap between the furrows is relatively small, there is a limit to weeding the furrows with an agricultural machine with a large vehicle width.
[0009]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural machine capable of improving the workability of farm work such as tillage and improving the maintenance efficiency.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, claim 1 is an agricultural working machine in which a transmission mechanism is housed in a transmission case, and an input shaft, a first output shaft, and a second output shaft are projected from the transmission mechanism. Power is transmitted to the input shaft, transmitted from the input shaft to the first and second output shafts via the speed change mechanism, and the power is transmitted from the first output shaft to the traveling member, so that the vehicle body travels from the second output shaft. In an agricultural machine that performs farming such as tillage by transmitting power to the working member, the second output shaft and the working member are connected by a transmission shaft, a clutch is interposed in the transmission shaft, and the clutch and the transmission shaft are connected. A transmission shaft case that is separate from the transmission case is collectively covered, and the clutch is integrated with the first meshing plate movably fitted to the spline of the second output shaft and the spline of the transmission shaft. The fitted second meshing plate and the first meshing Is composed of a sliding means for moving the plate, the slide means, a first meshing plate Transmission side bevel gear of the second output shaft A compression spring that biases it back to the side, An operating shaft that is slidably supported by the transmission case and that meshes the first meshing plate with the second meshing plate; An operating cam engaged with the tip of the operating shaft, a shaft portion rotatably attached to the transmission case, a cam portion formed by cutting out a part of the shaft portion, and an operating cam And a wire connecting portion to which a wire for remotely operating the cam is connected.
[0011]
For example, if the size of the agricultural machine in the vehicle body width direction can be shortened, weeding work between relatively narrow furrows can be performed, which is preferable in improving the workability of agricultural work. Further, if the transmission case can be made small, it is advantageous because the maintenance efficiency of the agricultural machine can be improved.
Therefore, the second output shaft and the working member are connected by a transmission shaft, a clutch is interposed in the transmission shaft, and the clutch and the transmission shaft are collectively covered with a transmission shaft case separate from the transmission case. .
Further, the clutch includes a first meshing plate that is movably fitted to the spline of the second output shaft, a second meshing plate that is integrally fitted to the spline of the transmission shaft, and a first meshing plate. And a sliding means for moving the sliding means. Transmission side bevel gear of the second output shaft A compression spring that biases it back to the side, An operating shaft that is slidably supported by the transmission case and that meshes the first meshing plate with the second meshing plate; An operating cam engaged with the tip of the operating shaft, a shaft portion rotatably attached to the transmission case, a cam portion formed by cutting out a part of the shaft portion, and an operating cam And a wire connection portion to which a wire for remotely operating the cam is connected.
[0012]
By connecting the second output shaft and the work member with a transmission shaft and interposing a clutch on the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft can be rotated / stopped with this clutch. As a result, since there is no need to rotate / stop the transmission shaft by the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism can be reduced in size, and the dimensions of the agricultural machine can be shortened in the vehicle body width direction.
[0013]
Further, by covering the clutch and the transmission shaft together with a transmission shaft case separate from the transmission case, the transmission case can be reduced in size, and the transmission case can be handled easily. As a result, the maintenance efficiency of the agricultural machine can be improved.
[0014]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the transmission shaft is disposed substantially at the center in the width direction of the fuselage, and the clutch is operated along the transmission shaft.
By disposing the transmission shaft substantially in the center of the machine body in the width direction and operating the clutch along the transmission shaft, it is possible to prevent the farm machine from being widened. In general, there are many vacant spaces around the transmission shaft, and this vacant space can be used effectively.
[0015]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the transmission shaft case includes a clutch storage portion that stores the clutch, and the clutch storage portion is formed in a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the working member side.
By forming the clutch housing portion in a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the working member side, it is possible to prevent sediment from being deposited on the transmission shaft case during farm work.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a side view of an agricultural machine according to the present invention. An agricultural machine 10 includes an engine 11 as a drive source, a power transmission device 12 that transmits power of the engine 11, and power from the power transmission device 12. Left and right wheels 13 and 14 (14 are not shown) as traveling members that receive the vehicle body 11A and are disposed in front of these wheels 13 and 14 and receive power from the power transmission device 12 to perform tillage and the like. The working machine mainly includes a rotary tiller 15 as a working member, a handle 16 extending from a rear portion of the power transmission device 12, and an operating mechanism 17 attached to the handle 16.
[0017]
In addition, 19 is a fender that covers the upper side of the rotary tiller 15, 25 is a main clutch that transmits or disconnects the power of the engine 11 to the power transmission device 12, 42 is a clutch lever that operates the main clutch 25, and 105 is the rotary tiller 15. Fig. 1 shows a working clutch as a clutch for transmitting or disconnecting the power of the engine 11.
[0018]
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the agricultural machine according to the present invention, and shows a state where the fender 19 placed on the upper part of the rotary tiller 15 is removed.
The farm work machine 10 operates the power transmission device 12 with the operation mechanism 17 and transmits the power to the tilling claws 18 (... indicates a plurality, the same applies hereinafter) of the rotary tilling device 15 while wheels 13 and 14 are transmitted. The power transmission device 12 is a working machine that performs farming work by transmitting power to the transmission mechanism 21. The power transmission device 12 includes a transmission mechanism 21 that performs forward / reverse switching and shifting of the wheels 13 and 14, and a rotary tiller 15. It is comprised from the transmission mechanism 22 which transmits motive power to the tilling claws 18 ....
[0019]
Further, the farm work machine 10 extends the wire 43 from the operation mechanism 17 to operate the transmission mechanism 22, and the wires 44 and 45 from the operation mechanism 17 to operate the sub-transmission 27 (see FIG. 1) of the transmission mechanism 21. To extend the wire 46 from the operating mechanism 17 to operate the main transmission 31 (see FIG. 1) of the transmission mechanism 21, and to operate the differential device 32 (see FIG. 1) of the transmission mechanism 21. It shows that the wire 47 has been extended from. In the figure, 34 and 35 are the axles of the left and right wheels 13 and 14, and C is the center line of the airframe 11A.
[0020]
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the handle of the agricultural machine according to the present invention, showing six positions selected by the operation mechanism 17, and these positions “R”, “N”, “plowing”, “weeding”, “turning”, “non-working”. Will be described.
“R” is reverse (reverse), and “N” is neutral (neutral).
[0021]
“Tilling” means that the left and right wheels 13 and 14 (see FIG. 2) are rotated at a constant speed without operating the differential device 32 of the speed change mechanism 21, and the work clutch 105 (see FIG. 1) is connected to the airframe. This is a work mode for running 11A, and is a particularly suitable position during tillage.
[0022]
“Weeding” is an operation performed by setting the rotational speed of the tilling claws 18... Of the rotary tiller 15 (see FIG. 1) faster than the rotational speed at the time of tillage, such as the work of removing weeds or the work of plowing the soil shallowly. This is a working mode in which the left and right wheels 13 and 14 are rotated at a constant speed without operating the differential device 32 of the transmission mechanism 21 and the working clutch 105 is connected to travel the airframe 11A, which is particularly suitable for weeding. It is a position.
[0023]
In “turning”, the differential device 32 of the speed change mechanism 21 (see FIG. 1) is operated, the left and right wheels 13 and 14 (see FIG. 2) are rotated so as to be operatively rotated, the work clutch 105 is disconnected, and the body 11A is disengaged. This is a travel mode in which the vehicle travels, and is particularly suitable for turning on a “headland” or the like.
In addition, “headland” is a partial kind of open space that can be used to interrupt the temporary work by turning at both ends when the work in the field is reciprocated parallel to one side, for example. is there.
[0024]
“Non-work” means that the differential gear 32 of the speed change mechanism 21 (see FIG. 1) is actuated to rotate the left and right wheels 13 and 14 (see FIG. 2) so that they can be rotated. This is a travel mode in which the airframe 11A travels while being separated from each other, and is particularly suitable for moving faster than during "turning".
[0025]
The arrow a is a shift operation between the “N” position and the “R” position, the arrow b is a shift operation between the “plow” position and the “turning” position, and the arrow c is a “weeding” position and a “non-rotation” position. The shift operation between the “work” position is shown.
[0026]
In the figure, 49 is a throttle lever attached to the right side of the handle 16, 51 is an engine switch attached to the left side of the handle 16, 54 is a shift gate, 55 is an F-shaped opening of the shift gate 54, and 56 is a "cultivation" position. A first opening formed in a straight line from the “turning” position to 57 and a second opening 57 formed in a straight line from the “weeding” position to the “non-working” position.
[0027]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the operation mechanism of the agricultural machine according to the present invention. The operation mechanism 17 includes an operation lever 36 that is directly operated by an operator, a lever support mechanism 37 that supports the operation lever 36, a wire 44, The swinging member 39 that connects and swings the tip of 45, the rotating shaft 41 that is integrally attached to the swinging member 39, the lever support mechanism 37, the swinging member 39, and the rotating shaft 41 are covered. And an operation panel 38 having a shift gate 54 for guiding the operation lever 36.
[0028]
The operation lever 36 is a member in which a grip 61 for an operator to grasp with one hand is formed at one end, and a base portion 62 that is integrally attached to the rotation shaft 41 is formed at the other end.
The rotating shaft 41 is configured by fixing a fixed shaft 63 to a support plate 58 extending from the operation panel 38 and fitting a rotating tube 64 to the fixed shaft 63 so as to be rotatable. 75.
[0029]
The lever support mechanism 37 has a box-shaped front / rear rotation member 66 attached to the rotation tube 64 and a U-shaped left / right rotation member 67 attached to the inner side of the front / rear rotation member 66 by a shaft 68. A left and right rotating member 67 is supported so as to be rotatable left and right with respect to the moving member 66.
As a result, the operation lever 36 can be moved to six positions in the shift gate 54. Further, since the power transmission device 12 (see FIG. 1) is connected by the wires 43 to 47 (see FIG. 2), the power transmission device 12 can be remotely operated by the operation lever 36.
[0030]
The left and right rotating member 67 is a member formed by combining two plates, and a main body portion 71 to be fitted to the front and rear rotating member 66, and the operation lever 36 is formed by forming the main body portion 71 on the main body portion 71. A fitting portion 72 to be fitted, penetrating portions 73 and 73 (one not shown) penetrating the shaft 68, and a latching portion 74 for latching the wire 46 of the main transmission 31 (see FIG. 1) are provided.
The operation panel 38 includes a flat plate main body 53 that covers the lever support mechanism 37 and a shift gate 54 that is formed on the flat plate main body 53 and guides the operation lever 36.
[0031]
The swing member 39 is a member near the lever support mechanism 37 and having the center attached to the rotating pipe 64, and the wire 44 of the speed change mechanism 21 (see FIG. 1) is hooked to one end 76 and the other end 77 is hooked. An arm member 78 is attached, and the arm member 78 is provided with a link means 81 for hooking the wire 45 to hook the wire 45 of the speed change mechanism 21 (see FIG. 1) and operating the transmission mechanism 22 to the arm member 78. It is a thing.
[0032]
The link means 81 includes a fixing portion 82 whose one end is fixed to the rotating tube 64 by welding, and a swinging portion 83 that is swingably attached to the other end of the fixing portion 82. Reference numeral 84 denotes a latch member that is attached to the link means 81 and latches the wire 47 of the differential device 32, and 85 denotes a tension spring.
[0033]
That is, the operation mechanism 17 includes the wire 43 for operating the transmission mechanism 22, the auxiliary transmission 27 (see FIG. 1) of the transmission mechanism 21, the operation wires 44 and 45, and the main transmission 31 (see FIG. 1) of the transmission mechanism 21. This is a member that allows the wire 46 to be operated and the wire 47 to operate the differential device 32 of the speed change mechanism 21 to be collectively operated.
[0034]
Next, the power transmission device 12 will be described.
FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the power transmission device employed in the agricultural machine according to the present invention.
As described above, the power transmission device 12 transmits power to the speed change mechanism 21 that performs forward / reverse switching and shifting of the wheels 13 and 14 (see FIG. 2), and the tilling claws 18 of the rotary tiller 15. And a transmission mechanism 22 that performs transmission.
[0035]
The speed change mechanism 21 includes a branch unit 26 that receives power from the engine 11 (see FIG. 1) from an input shaft (first main shaft) 91, a sub-transmission 27 that receives power from the branch unit 26, and the sub-transmission 27. A main transmission 31 that receives power from the main transmission 31, a differential device 32 that receives power from the main transmission 31 and allows a difference in rotational speed between the left and right wheels 13 and 14 (see FIG. 2), and a branching means 26 for these. A transmission case (mission case) 23 that collectively covers the auxiliary transmission 27, the main transmission 31, and the differential device 32.
[0036]
The transmission mechanism 22 includes a second output shaft 103 connected to the branching means 26 via the transmission side bevel gear 102, a transmission shaft 104 disposed on the rotary tiller 15 side, and the second output shaft 103 and the transmission shaft. 104, a working clutch 105 as a clutch interposed between them, a working unit bevel gear 106 attached to the tip of the transmission shaft 104, and the transmission shaft 104, the working clutch 105, and the working unit bevel gear 106. And a transmission shaft case 99 to be covered.
[0037]
The branching unit 26 includes a second main shaft 92, a bevel gear 97 fitted to the second main shaft 92, a low gear 98 (see FIG. 6), and a high gear 101.
[0038]
The sub-transmission 27 includes a third main shaft 93 rotatably attached to the transmission case 23, high-speed means 107 (see FIG. 6) and low-speed means 108 fitted to the third main shaft 93, and a third main The sub-shift mechanism 111 for selectively fixing the high speed means 107 or the low speed means 108 to the shaft 93, the first sub drive gear 112 formed on the third main shaft 93, and the third main shaft 93 are fitted. A second sub drive gear 113. The wires 44 and 45 (see FIG. 2) described above are hooked on the sub-shift mechanism 111 in detail.
[0039]
The main transmission 31 includes a drive shaft 94 as a first output shaft, a first speed driven gear 116 fitted to the drive shaft 94, a second speed driven gear 117 (see FIG. 6), a back gear 118, and a drive gear 121 (FIG. 6). And a shift mechanism 122 for selectively fixing the first-speed / second-speed driven gears 116, 117 or the back gear 118 to the drive shaft 94.
The back gear 118 gives reverse rotation via an intermediate gear (not shown).
[0040]
The differential device 32 transmits the power of the engine 11 (see FIG. 1) received from the drive shaft 94 by the driven gear 124 to the left axle 34 and the right axle 35 (see FIG. 6) via the balls 125. This is a device that allows the difference in the rotational speed between the left and right wheels 13 and 14 (see FIG. 2) by operating the unlocking member 126. The driven gear 124 is, for example, a spur gear.
[0041]
That is, the farm work machine 10 is a farm work machine in which the transmission mechanism 21 is housed in the transmission case 23 and the input shaft 91, the first output shaft (drive shaft) 94, and the second output shaft 103 are projected from the transmission mechanism 21. 1, the power of the drive source (engine) 11 shown in FIG. 1 is transmitted to the input shaft 91, transmitted from the input shaft 91 to the first and second output shafts 94 and 103 via the transmission mechanism 21, and the first output shaft 94. The power is transmitted from the second output shaft 103 to the work member (rotary tillage device) 15 while traveling the vehicle body 11A (see FIG. 1) by transmitting power to the traveling members (wheels) 13 and 14 shown in FIG. Thus, in a farming machine that performs farming operations such as tillage, the second output shaft 103 and the rotary tilling device 15 are connected by a transmission shaft 104, and a clutch (working clutch) 105 is interposed on the transmission shaft 104. It said those covered collectively with transmission shaft case 99 separate from the transmission case 23 a working clutch 105 and the transmission axis 104 of al.
[0042]
For example, if the size of the agricultural machine in the vehicle body width direction can be shortened, weeding work between relatively narrow furrows can be performed, which is preferable in improving the workability of agricultural work. Further, if the transmission case can be made small, it is advantageous because the maintenance efficiency of the agricultural machine can be improved.
[0043]
Therefore, the second output shaft 103 and the work member (rotary tiller) 15 are connected by a transmission shaft 104, and a clutch (working clutch) 105 is interposed in the transmission shaft 104, and the working clutch 105 and the transmission shaft are connected. 104 was collectively covered with a transmission shaft case 99 separate from the transmission case 23.
By connecting the second output shaft 103 and the rotary tiller 15 with the transmission shaft 104 and interposing the working clutch 105 on the transmission shaft 104, the transmission shaft 104 can be rotated / stopped by the working clutch 105. Can do. As a result, since there is no need to rotate / stop the transmission shaft 104 by the transmission mechanism 21, the transmission mechanism 21 can be reduced in size, and the size of the agricultural machine 10 (see FIG. 1) in the vehicle body width direction can be shortened. can do.
[0044]
Further, by covering the work clutch 105 and the transmission shaft 104 together with a transmission shaft case 99 separate from the transmission case 23, the transmission case 23 can be reduced in size. The shaft case 99 can be easily handled. As a result, it is possible to improve the maintenance efficiency of the agricultural machine 10 (see FIG. 1).
[0045]
In the figure, 141 is a first rotating arm of the sub-shift mechanism 111, 142 is a pipe of the sub-shift mechanism 111, 144 is a rod of the sub-shift mechanism 111, 145 is compression of the sub-shift mechanism 111. Spring, 147 is a third rotating arm of the sub-shift mechanism 111, 148 is a shaft member of the sub-shift mechanism 111, 151 is a shift arm of the sub-shift mechanism 111, 161 is a connecting plate of the shift mechanism 122, 162, a connecting shaft of the shift mechanism 122; 163, a lever of the shift mechanism 122; 165, a guide pin of the transmission case 23; 174, a switching member of the differential device 32; 176, a shaft member of the lock release member 126; An arm 178 of the release member 126 indicates a release arm of the lock release member 126.
[0046]
FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of the power transmission device of the agricultural machine according to the present invention, in which the arrangement of the second main shaft 92, the third main shaft 93, and the drive shaft 94, which are components of the power transmission device 12, is developed. The sub-transmission 27 is connected to the branch means 26 on the drive source side, the main transmission 31 is connected to the sub-transmission 27, and the differential device 32 is connected to the main transmission 31.
[0047]
The high speed means 107 is a gear for high speed travel, for example, a spur gear, and the low speed means 108 is a gear for low speed travel, for example, a spur gear.
In the figure, 119 is a neutral portion provided on the drive shaft 94, 127 is a shaft end of the left axle 34, 128 is a shaft end of the right axle 35, 155 and 156 are first and second guide tubes of the shift mechanism 122, Reference numeral 157 denotes a slide key material of the shift mechanism 122, and 158 denotes an H-shaped ring of the shift mechanism 122.
[0048]
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the transmission mechanism of the agricultural machine according to the present invention. The working clutch 105 includes a first meshing plate 131 movably fitted to the spline 241 of the second output shaft 103, and a transmission shaft. 104, the second meshing plate 132 integrally fitted to the spline 242 of 104, and the slide means 133 for moving the first meshing plate 131.
In general, the working clutch 105 is a meshing clutch that is connected to a cylindrical end surface (meshing plate) by a square-shaped or spiral-shaped concavo-convex portion (tooth portion), and is generally a jaw clutch or a dog clutch. be called.
[0049]
The sliding means 133 is an operation plate 243 engaged with the first engagement plate 131, an operation shaft 135 formed integrally with the operation plate 243, and biased to the operation shaft 135. Ruko And a compression spring 136 for returning the first meshing plate 131 to the transmission side bevel gear 102 side, and an operating cam 134 engaged with the tip of the operating shaft 135.
[0050]
The operating cam 134 includes a shaft portion 244 that is rotatably attached to the transmission case 23, a cam portion 153 that is formed by cutting out a part of the shaft portion 244, and a wire connection portion 154 that connects the wire 43. Become.
The operating shaft 135 is a member that is slidably supported by a transmission side guide portion 245 of the transmission case 23 and a transmission shaft side guide portion 246 formed in the transmission shaft case 99.
[0051]
The first meshing plate 131 includes teeth 137... Meshing with the second meshing plate 132, and the first meshing plate 131 includes teeth 138... Meshing with the second meshing plate 132. Prepare.
In the figure, 247 is a clutch housing portion formed in the transmission shaft case 99, 248 is a bolt that stops the transmission shaft case 99 in the transmission case 23, 251 is a bearing that instructs the second output shaft 103 to be rotatable, and 252 is a transmission shaft. This is a bearing that rotatably supports 104.
[0052]
That is, the agricultural working machine 10 (see FIG. 1) arranges the transmission shaft 104 substantially at the center in the width direction of the machine body 11A (arranged on the center line C of the machine body 11A) and transmits the clutch (working clutch) 105 to the transmission machine 104. It can also be said that it is operated along the shaft 104.
[0053]
The transmission shaft 104 is disposed substantially in the center of the machine body 11A in the width direction, and the work clutch 105 is operated along the transmission shaft 104, thereby preventing the farm machine 10 from being widened. Can be planned. In general, there are many vacant spaces around the transmission shaft 104, and this vacant space can be used effectively.
[0054]
FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view of the transmission shaft case of the agricultural machine according to the present invention. The transmission shaft case 99 includes a clutch storage portion 247 for storing a clutch (working clutch) 105, and the clutch storage portion 247 is It shows having formed in the substantially triangular shape when it sees from the working member (rotary tillage device) 15 side shown in FIG.
By forming the clutch housing portion 247 in a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the rotary tiller 15 side, it is possible to prevent sediment from being deposited on the transmission shaft case 99 during farming.
[0055]
FIGS. 9A and 9B are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the agricultural machine according to the present invention, and the movement of the working clutch 105 will be described.
In (a), the teeth 137... Of the first engagement plate 131 are not engaged with the teeth 138. Therefore, the rotation of the second output shaft 103 is not transmitted to the transmission shaft 104.
[0056]
3 (b), the operation lever 36 shown in FIG. 3 is operated, the wire 43 is pulled as shown by the arrow b1, the operating cam 134 is rotated as shown by the arrow b2, and the operating shaft 135 is pushed as shown by the arrow b3. Power can be transmitted from the second output shaft 103 to the transmission shaft 104 by meshing the tooth portions 138... Of the first engagement plate 131 with the tooth portions 138.
[0057]
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the working clutch 105 is disposed closer to the speed change mechanism 21, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be disposed closer to the rotary tiller 15.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following effects by the above configuration.
According to the first aspect, the second output shaft and the work member are connected by the transmission shaft, and the clutch is interposed in the transmission shaft, so that the transmission shaft can be rotated / stopped by this clutch. As a result, since there is no need to rotate / stop the transmission shaft by the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism can be reduced in size, and the dimensions of the agricultural machine can be shortened in the vehicle body width direction.
In addition, since the clutch and the transmission shaft are collectively covered with the transmission shaft case separate from the transmission case, the transmission case can be reduced in size, and the transmission case can be easily handled. As a result, the maintenance efficiency of the agricultural machine can be improved.
[0059]
In Claim 2, since the transmission shaft is disposed substantially in the center in the width direction of the machine body and the clutch is operated along the transmission shaft, it is possible to prevent the farm machine machine from being widened. it can. In general, there are many vacant spaces around the transmission shaft, and this vacant space can be used effectively.
[0060]
According to the third aspect, since the clutch housing portion is formed in a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the working member side, it is possible to prevent sediment from being deposited on the transmission shaft case during farm work.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of an agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the handle of the agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an operation mechanism of an agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a power transmission device employed in an agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of a power transmission device for an agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the transmission mechanism of the agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of a transmission shaft case of an agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the agricultural machine according to the present invention.
10 is a reprint of FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1. FIG.
11 is a reprint of FIG. 13 of Patent Document 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Agricultural working machine, 11 ... Drive source (engine), 11A ... Airframe, 13, 14 ... Traveling member (right and left wheels), 15 ... Working member (rotary tillage device), 21 ... Transmission mechanism, 23 ... Transmission case, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 91 ... Input shaft, 94 ... 1st output shaft (drive shaft), 99 ... Transmission shaft case, 103 ... 2nd output shaft, 104 ... Transmission shaft, 105 ... Clutch (working clutch), 247 ... Clutch accommodating part.

Claims

A farming machine in which a transmission mechanism is housed in a transmission case, and an input shaft, a first output shaft, and a second output shaft are projected from the transmission mechanism, and the power of a drive source is transmitted to the input shaft. By transmitting the power from the second output shaft to the work member while transmitting the power by transmitting the power from the first output shaft to the traveling member by transmitting to the first and second output shafts via the speed change mechanism. In agricultural machines that perform agricultural work such as tillage,
The second output shaft and the working member are connected by a transmission shaft, a clutch is interposed in the transmission shaft, and the clutch and the transmission shaft are collectively covered with a transmission shaft case separate from the transmission case. And
The clutch includes a first meshing plate movably fitted to the spline of the second output shaft, a second meshing plate integrally fitted to the spline of the transmission shaft, and the first meshing Slide means for moving the plate,
The sliding means is slidably supported by the transmission case and a compression spring that urges the first meshing plate to return to the transmission-side bevel gear side of the second output shaft, and An operating shaft for engaging the first engaging plate with the mating plate, and an operating cam engaged with the tip of the operating shaft;
A shaft portion that is rotatably attached to the transmission case, a cam portion formed by cutting out a part of the shaft portion, and a wire connecting portion to which a wire for remotely operating the operation cam is connected to the operating cam. A farm work machine characterized by comprising

2. The agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein the transmission shaft is disposed substantially in the center in the width direction of the machine body, and the clutch is operated along the transmission shaft.

3. The clutch housing portion for housing the clutch in the transmission shaft case, the clutch housing portion being formed in a substantially triangular shape when viewed from the working member side. Agricultural machine.