JP4223047B2 - Gauge adjuster - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is used for laying and repairing railway tracks, and for adjusting the track state to an appropriate state, in particular, the displacement between the tracks of the track or the street that is the displacement in the lateral direction with respect to the traveling direction of the train. The present invention relates to a gauge leveling device used for leveling work for adjusting displacement to an appropriate state.

  Since each portion of the track is frequently distorted and deformed due to repeated train loads as the train travels, various track displacements such as inter-gauge displacement, level displacement, and high-low displacement can occur in the track. If these track displacements increase, the fluctuation of the train traveling on the track increases, which not only deteriorates the riding comfort but also impairs traveling stability. In order not to fall into such a situation, the state of the track displacement is always grasped through daily inspections and periodic inspections by inspection vehicles, and defective parts are promptly adjusted appropriately and always good. It is necessary to keep it in a state.

  In particular, in the curved track, the track is deformed by the lateral pressure received from the train wheels, and in the track between the slab (concrete flat plate) track and the ballast (crushed stone) track, the resistance to support the track. It is thought that the displacement between the gauges and the passage displacement are likely to occur, for example, uneven wear occurs due to the difference. The displacement between the rails indicates how much the distance between the left and right rails is larger than the predetermined distance specified in the standard, and the street displacement indicates the left and right fluctuations of the track in the traveling direction of the train. Since the displacement is in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction, the rectification work is almost the same in both cases.

In the past, in order to correct the displacement between the gauges or the streets, a method has been used in which a bar is applied to the ballast and pressure is applied to the left or right side of the rail in the longitudinal direction by human power. In recent years, a general electric jack, a hydraulic jack, or the like is used for the adjustment without depending on human power. However, the apparatus is large and heavy, and it is difficult to carry it to a work place. In addition, in response to demands for further reduction of carrying burden and reduction of work personnel, a small and lightweight gauge adjustment that adjusts the distance between the left and right rails by rotating the jack-like mechanism over the left and right rails from above. A vessel is also used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-9-302602

  However, when track adjustment is performed using a rail rectifier that covers the left and right rails from above, the work must be performed before the next train comes after the train passes because of the structure that prevents the train from passing. It must be completed and the gauge rectifier must be removed to complete the evacuation, and there are limited hours during which work can be performed in sections with a large number of trains. There was a problem that it was inefficient.

  The object of the present invention is to enable the adjustment of the gauge displacement or the street displacement to be efficiently performed even in a slight train gap, so that the train can be run without being removed when the train passes, and after the train has passed It is to realize a gauge rectifier that can immediately resume the work.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1
A rail rectifier that corrects the trajectory displacement or street displacement of the trajectory, which is a lateral displacement relative to the traveling direction of the train,
A rail holding portion for holding a pair of rails of the track,
A telescopic structure having a function of expanding and contracting the interval between the rail holding units;
An insulating structure that electrically insulates each of the rail holding portions , and
Each of the rail holding portions is
A flat plate to be inserted into the gap at the bottom of the rail;
A pulling hook for pulling the rail inward, which is provided outside the track on the upper surface of the flat plate and has a shape that hooks the bottom of the rail from the side,
An extrusion hook that is provided inward of the track on the upper surface of the flat plate and has a shape that hooks the bottom of the rail from the side, and pushes the rail outward.
The rail holding portions are inserted below the rails to hold the rail bottom from the bottom of the rails.

The invention according to claim 2 is the gauge rectifier according to claim 1 ,
The gauge SeiTadashiki has a detachable structure which can be removably mounted to at least one of the rail holder with respect to the telescopic structure,
The detachable structure part fixes the rail holding part and the telescopic structure part by a fixing pin that can be inserted and removed .

The invention according to claim 3 is the gauge leveling device according to any one of claims 1 and 2 ,
The telescopic structure portion includes a handle lever portion having a ratchet mechanism for inputting manual power.

According to invention of Claim 1, each rail holding part is a structure which hold | maintains a rail bottom part under each rail, and is attached to a rail top part like the prior art, and blocks | prevents passage of the wheel of a train. After installation, the train can run without removing the gauge rectifier when the train passes, and work can be resumed immediately after the train passes. Displacement leveling work can be performed efficiently. Furthermore, since the rail holding portions are electrically insulated from each other because the insulating structure portion is provided, the necessity of removing the rail when passing the train is eliminated from the viewpoint of influence on the track circuit.

Further , each rail holding portion has a claw-like structure that hooks the bottom of the rail provided with a pulling hook and an extrusion hook on the flat plate body from the side , so that the thickness can be easily reduced. With a structure suitable for installation at the lower part of the rail and holding the rail from the lower side, it is possible to easily attach the gauge leveling device to the lower side of the rail regardless of whether it is a slab track or a ballast track.

According to the invention described in claim 2 , by removing the rail holding part from the elastic structure part, the length of the separated rail holding part and the elastic structure part side is shortened. It is easy to install the gauge adjuster on the underside of the rail, and it is also easy to select and replace the rail holding part that matches the shape of the rail that is scheduled to work. Efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, when replacing the rail holding portion, the rail holding portion can be easily replaced because it can be attached and detached only by inserting and removing the fixing pin.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to separately prepare power such as an electric motor or a hydraulic actuator, and since it is lightweight, it can be carried to the work site more easily. Furthermore, since it has a ratchet mechanism, it is easy to operate, and even an inexperienced operator can easily adjust the displacement between the gauges or the passage displacement.

  Hereinafter, the gauge leveling device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rail adjuster 1 according to the present embodiment is inserted into the lower side of one rail R of the track and holds the rail bottom from the lower side of the rail R, A rail holding part 20 that holds the other rail R similarly to the rail holding part 10, and a telescopic structure part 30 having a function of expanding and contracting the distance between each rail holding part 10 and the rail holding part 20 by receiving power. A handle lever portion 40 for inputting manual power to the telescopic structure portion 30; and an attachment / detachment structure portion 50 provided between the telescopic structure portion 30 and the rail holding portion 10 for making the rail holding portion 10 removable. And an insulating structure portion 60 provided between the telescopic structure portion 30 and the rail holding portion 20 to electrically insulate the rail holding portion 10 and the rail holding portion 20 from each other.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rail holding portion 10 is composed of a rail holding member 11 as a flat plate inserted into a gap below the rail R, a pulling hook 12, and an extrusion hook 13. It is connected to the stretchable structure 30 in a detachable state. Here, the combined thickness of the rail holding member 11 and the pulling hook 12 is thinner (eg, 33 mm) than the gap distance (eg, 40 mm) between the rail and the slab plate in the conventional line slab track, as shown in FIG. In addition, it is possible to insert the rail R below the slab track.

  Moreover, the hole on the opposite side of the pulling hook 12 of the rail holding member 11 has two holes for attachment to the detachable structure portion 50. The rail holding part 10 can be attached and detached by the attaching / detaching structure part 50. For example, a plurality of rail holding parts 10 having different distances between the pulling hook 12 and the pushing hook 13 can be prepared and exchanged.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rail holding portion 20 is composed of a rail holding member 21 as a flat plate inserted into a gap below the rail R, a pulling hook 22, and an extrusion hook 23. Similarly, the rail holding part 20 can be inserted below the rail R in the slab track. And the rail holding part 20 is connected with the expansion-contraction structure part 30 in the insulating structure part 60, and is electrically insulated from the rail holding part 10 side.

  Further, the rail holding part 20 side is not provided with a detachable structure as in the rail holding part 10, and replacement of the rail holding part 20 is relatively difficult. Although it has a general-purpose shape that can accommodate various rail shapes, it is possible to improve the workability to some extent by simply replacing the rail holding portion 10 with a shape that matches the rail shape.

  The pulling hook 12 of the rail holding part 10 and the pulling hook 22 of the rail holding part 20 have substantially the same structure. That is, the pulling hook 12 and the pulling hook 22 are used only when the gauge is narrowed by the gauge leveling device 1 and do not contribute to the rail R when the gauge is widened. The pulling hook 12 and the pulling hook 22 are provided at the ends of the rail holding members 11 and 21 away from the stretchable structure 30 in a state where the rail holding parts 10 and 20 are attached to the stretchable structure 30. Since it is inserted below the rail R as described above, it is formed in a simple claw shape on the upper surfaces of the flat rail holding members 11 and 21.

  And the nail | claw front-end | tip of the draw hooks 12 and 22 is provided toward the extrusion hooks 13 and 23 side, The recessed part is produced between the rail holding members 11 and 21, and the bottom part of the rail R is hooked from the side. (See FIG. 2). The pulling hooks 12 and 22 having the above-described structure are formed by inserting the rail holding portions 10 and 20 below the rail R, lifting them slightly and placing them on the bottom of the rail, and then contracting the telescopic structural portion 30 by contracting. The gauge leveling device 1 is attached to the rail R by connecting with the fixing pin 52.

  Further, the pushing hook 13 of the rail holding part 10 and the pushing hook 23 of the rail holding part 20 have substantially the same structure. That is, the extrusion hook 13 and the extrusion hook 23 are used only when the gauge is widened by the gauge rectifier 1, and do not contribute to the rail R when the gauge is narrowed. The extrusion hook 13 and the extrusion hook 23 are provided at the ends of the rail holding members 11 and 21 closer to the expansion / contraction structure 30 in a state where the rail holding units 10 and 20 are attached to the expansion / contraction structure 30. The upper surface of the rail holding members 11 and 21 is formed in a simple claw shape.

  And the nail | claw front-end | tip of the extrusion hooks 13 and 23 is provided toward the drawing hooks 12 and 22, the recessed part is produced between the rail holding members 11 and 21, and the bottom part of the rail R is hooked from the side. The shape is possible. The extrusion hooks 13 and 23 having the above structure are fitted to the bottom of the rail R from the inside of the track by inserting the rail holding portions 10 and 20 below the rail R and lifting them slightly and gradually extending the telescopic structure 30. At the same time, the gauge leveling device 1 is mounted on the rail R.

  The telescopic structure section 30 receives power and expands and contracts the interval between the rail holding sections. The cylindrical body 31 having a right-handed nut shape and the cylindrical body 32 having a left-handed nut shape are arranged at the rotation center of the screw. Lines are aligned and fixed back to back, and a slide member 33 having a right-handed bolt shape is coupled to the cylindrical body 31, and a slide member 34 having a left-handed bolt shape is coupled to the cylindrical body 32. ing. Thereby, by rotating the cylindrical bodies 31 and 32 so that the slide member 33 and the slide member 34 do not rotate, the slide member 33 and the slide member 34 slide along the rotation center line according to the rotation direction, The expansion / contraction structure 30 as a whole realizes expansion / contraction.

  The handle lever portion 40 is for inputting manual power, and has a ratchet (claw gear) mechanism. By rotating the handle lever back and forth, each cylindrical body 31 of the telescopic structure portion 30, The rotation in one direction determined to 32 can be transmitted. About a rotation direction, it can determine freely with the changeover switch with which the ratchet mechanism was equipped.

  The detachable structure portion 50 has a structure as shown in FIG. 3, and the two holding portion receiving members 51 are fixed in parallel to the slide member 34 at a distance that allows the rail holding member 11 to be inserted. There are two holes for inserting the fixing pins 52 at the same positions penetrating vertically.

  By removing the rail holding part 10 from the telescopic structure part 30 in advance by the detachable structure part 50, the overall length of the gauge leveling instrument 1 can be shortened, and when the gauge leveling instrument 1 is attached to the rail R, It becomes easy to insert the other rail holding part 20 into the lower side of the rail R. In addition, the state where the rail holding portion 10 is also separated becomes easier to insert below the rail R. In the state in which the rail adjuster 1 is separated, the total length of the rail adjuster 1 is preferably close to the distance between the two rails of the track, and is more preferably set shorter than the distance between the rails.

  And after inserting each rail holding | maintenance part 10 and 20 under each rail R, the rail holding member 11 of the rail holding | maintenance part 10 is normally between the two holding | maintenance part receiving members 51 of the attachment or detachment structure part 50. The rail holding portion 10 is fixed by inserting the two fixing pins 52 into the aligned holes from above.

  Moreover, since the rail holding part 10 is separable from the expansion-contraction structure part 30 by the attachment / detachment structure part 50, the rail holding part 10 can be selected according to the shape of the rail R scheduled to work, Since the fixing pin 52 can be attached and detached, the rail holding part 10 can be easily exchanged.

  The insulating structure 60 is for electrically insulating the rail holding part 10 and the rail holding part 20 that respectively hold the rail R so as not to affect the track circuit used for signal control of train operation and the like. As shown in FIG. 1, it is provided between the rail holding part 20 and the telescopic structure part 30. From the top, a plastic insulator, a rail holding member 21, a plastic insulator, and a slide member 33 are stacked in this order. It is fixed with bolts covered with rubber tubes.

  Below, the operation | work which actually corrects a gauge using the gauge rectifier 1 which concerns on this Embodiment is demonstrated.

  First, before the work, the rail holding part 10 adapted to the shape of the rail to be worked on is separated from the telescopic structure part 30 by the detachable structure part 50, and an appropriate rail holding part 10 is prepared according to the standard of the rail R. . Moreover, the switch of the handle lever part 40 which determines a rotation direction is switched according to whether a gap is narrowed or expanded. Here, for example, the switch is switched in the direction of narrowing the gauge.

  The rail holding part 10 and the rail holding part 20 are inserted between the left and right rails R below the rails R, lifted slightly and applied to the bottom of the rails. The handle lever portion 40 is reciprocally rotated by being connected by the fixing pin 52.

  Then, the telescopic structure 30 contracts, and the pulling hook 12 and the pulling hook 22 are fitted to the bottom of the rail R from the outside of the track, and the gauge leveling device 1 is attached to the rail R as shown in FIG. Is done.

  And when the handle lever part 40 is further reciprocated in the state which loosened the fastening device which has fixed the rail R of the one to move to the slab board or the sleeper, the rail R will be drawn. After confirming that the necessary gauge has been reached, the loosened fastener is retightened, the switch of the handle lever part 40 is switched, the telescopic structure part 30 is rotated in the reverse direction, the gauge leveling device 1 is removed, and the operation is completed. .

  Here, when the train approaches the work site before removing the gauge leveling device 1 from the rail R, the handle lever portion 40 is tilted sideways while the gauge leveling device 1 is mounted on the rail R. Thus, only the worker is withdrawn from the spot, so that the train can pass through the work site, and after the train has passed, the gauge adjustment work can be continued.

  In the above, the case of narrowing the gauge has been described. However, even when the gauge is widened, the push lever 13 and the push hook 23 are connected to the rail R from the inside of the track by switching the switch of the handle lever portion 40 and performing the same operation. It can be fitted to the bottom and the gap can be expanded.

  By using this, the rail R on the opposite side to the one loosened earlier is loosened to widen the gauge so that both rails R can be translated by a certain distance as a whole. It becomes possible to correct the displacement.

  As described above, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, (1) a plate-like rail holding member in which each rail holding portion 10, 20 includes claw-like hooks 12, 13, 22, 23. 11 and 21, the overall shape is thin and the structure is suitable for insertion under the rail. (2) The space between the pulling hooks 12 and 22 and the pushing hooks 13 and 23 is the bottom of the rail R. (3) The height of the claw tips of the hooks 12, 13, 22, and 23 is set at a distance close to the width and is suitable for holding the bottom of the rail R. (4) At least one rail holding part 10 is separable from the telescopic structure part 30 and has a structure in which the gauge adjuster 1 can be easily attached to the lower side of the rail R. The rail R is used regardless of whether it is a slab track or a ballast track. By adopting a structure suitable for holding from the side, the train can be run without removing the gauge adjuster 1 when the train passes, and the work can be resumed immediately after the train passes, It is possible to efficiently adjust the displacement between the gauges or the passage displacement even with a slight train gap. Furthermore, since the rail holding part 10 and the rail holding part 20 are electrically insulated, the necessity to remove at the time of passing of the train is also eliminated from the viewpoint of influence on the track circuit.

  Further, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, the “small return” in which the rail tilts to the inside or outside of the track, which could not be avoided in the leveling work by the conventional gauge leveling device. Therefore, it is possible to perform the rectification work more efficiently.

  Further, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, since at least one rail holding part 10 is separable from the telescopic structure part 30, the rail holding according to the shape of the rail R scheduled for work is performed. The part 10 can be selected and exchanged for work. Furthermore, when the rail holding part 10 is replaced, the rail holding part 10 can be easily replaced because it can be attached / detached only by inserting / removing the fixing pin 52 provided in the attaching / detaching structure part 50.

  In addition, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to adjust various types of gauges (for example, narrow gauge, standard gauge) by preparing a rail holding unit 10 with a changed length. can do.

  Moreover, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, since the handle lever portion 40 is provided, it is not necessary to separately prepare power such as an electric motor or a hydraulic actuator, and since it is lightweight, it is easier. Can be carried to the work site. Furthermore, since the handle lever portion 40 has a ratchet mechanism, it is easy to operate, and even an inexperienced worker can easily perform a gauge displacement or street displacement correction operation.

  Further, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, since it is easy to carry to the work site, is easy to be mounted on the rail R, and does not require a force for the leveling operation, there are fewer. The work can be performed by the number of people, and for the same reason, the work in a dangerous place such as a bridge can be performed more safely.

  In the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, the material used for each part is basically a metal material such as iron except for the insulator used for the insulating structure part 60. If it can be solved, other materials may be appropriately changed.

  In the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, the extrusion hook 13 and the extrusion hook 23 are exemplified as those formed in a simple claw shape on the upper surfaces of the rail holding members 11 and 21. Unlike the pulling hook 12 and the pulling hook 22, the hooks 13 and 23 do not need to be inserted below the rail R, so that the hooks 13 and 23 are thicker than the gap between the rail R and the slab plate and are fitted to the bottom of the rail R. It is good also as a structure which is easy to match.

  In addition, each rail holding | maintenance part 10 and 20 may be provided so that position adjustment of both or at least one of the draw hooks 12 and 22 or the extrusion hooks 13 and 23 with respect to the rail holding members 11 and 21 can be carried out about a gauge width direction. . By doing so, it is not necessary to prepare a rail holding part of different standards, and if at least one of the hooks can be adjusted, it can be used for various rails with different bottom widths, and both hooks can be adjusted. Then, it becomes possible to deal with various gauges having different gauge widths.

  In the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, the cylindrical body 31 and the slide member 33 are right-handed screws, and the cylindrical body 32 and the slide member 34 are left-handed threads. The body 31 and the slide member 33 may be left-handed, and the cylindrical body 32 and the slide member 34 may be right-handed.

  In the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, the handle lever portion 40 may have a structure that can be divided so that the handle lever portion 40 can be removed and retracted when the train passes. By shortening the length after the division, it is possible to have a structure that does not hinder the passage of the train regardless of the state of the handle lever portion 40 when the train passes.

  Note that in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, instead of the telescopic structure 30 and the handle lever 40, for example, a rotational force is applied from a wrench through a nut to expand and contract in the axial direction of the screw. Any mechanism such as a structure or a screw jack structure may be used as long as it is a mechanism that amplifies input by human power and applies a force in the expansion and contraction direction.

  In the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, power such as an electric motor or a hydraulic actuator may be separately prepared instead of the handle lever portion 40 having a ratchet mechanism. In that case, although it is more likely to be heavier than the manual type, the gauge rectifier has a feature that does not hinder the passage of the train after installation on the track. Therefore, it is not necessary to frequently remove the work from the track, and the work load can be drastically reduced.

  In addition, in the gauge leveling device 1 which concerns on this Embodiment, although the attachment / detachment structure part 50 illustrated what was provided in order to attach or detach the rail holding part 10, in order to attach or detach the rail holding part 20 further. Also, it may be provided on the rail holding unit 20 side. Thereby, it becomes possible to replace | exchange the rail holding part 20 easily, the rail holding part 20 fits more reliably with respect to the rail R, and it becomes easy to mount | wear with the gauge leveling device 1. FIG.

  In addition, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, the detachable structure unit 50 has a structure with two holes for inserting the fixing pins 52, but may have a structure with three or more holes. By doing so, the intensity | strength of the attachment / detachment structure part 50 increases, and even when it is necessary to give a stronger force to the rail R, it can respond.

  In addition, in the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, the insulating structure portion 60 is obtained by overlapping and fixing a plastic insulator, a rail holding member 21, a plastic insulator, and a slide member 33 in this order from the top. Although illustrated, an insulator is inserted between each of the rail holding member 21, the slide member 33, and the head of the bolt, and the pulling hook 22 and the pushing hook 23 are extremely extended from the rotation axis of the telescopic structure portion 30. Any order is acceptable as long as they are not separated. If the pulling hook 22 and the pushing hook 23 are extremely far from the center line, which is the rotation axis of the expansion / contraction structure 30, upward or downward, a large bending stress is generated in each member and bolt when the expansion / contraction force is generated. It is because there exists a possibility that it may fall.

  In the gauge leveling device 1 according to the present embodiment, a plastic insulator is used for the insulating structure portion 60 in order to electrically insulate the rail holding portion 10 and the rail holding portion 20, and a rubber tube is used. Although what was fixed with the covered volt | bolt was illustrated, as long as it can electrically insulate, you may change into another material suitably.

  In addition, although the insulation structure part 60 illustrated what was provided between the rail holding | maintenance part 20 and the expansion-contraction structure part 30 in the gauge leveling device 1 which concerns on this Embodiment, it is the same as the attachment / detachment structure part 50. On the side, it may be between the rail holding part 10 and the attachment / detachment structure part 50, or may be provided between the attachment / detachment structure part 50 and the telescopic structure part 30. That is, the insulating structure 60 may be provided anywhere as long as the insulation between the two held rails R can be achieved.

It is (a) top view and (b) front view of the gauge leveling device 1 which concerns on embodiment in this invention. It is explanatory drawing in which the rail holding part 10 of the gauge leveling device 1 which concerns on embodiment in this invention hold | maintains the rail R. FIG. It is explanatory drawing showing the structure of the attachment / detachment structure part 50 of the gauge leveling device 1 which concerns on embodiment in this invention. It is explanatory drawing in which the gauge leveling device 1 which concerns on embodiment in this invention hold | maintains the rail R. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rail adjuster 10,20 Rail holding part 11,21 Rail holding member 12,22 Pulling hook 13,23 Push-out hook 30 Telescopic structure part 31,32 Cylindrical body 33,34 Slide member 40 Handle lever part 50 Detachable structure Part 51 Holding part receiving member 52 Fixing pin 60 Insulating structure part R rail

Claims (3)

A rail rectifier that corrects the trajectory displacement or street displacement of the trajectory, which is a lateral displacement relative to the traveling direction of the train,
A rail holding portion for holding a pair of rails of the track,
A telescopic structure having a function of expanding and contracting the interval between the rail holding units;
An insulating structure that electrically insulates each of the rail holding portions , and
Each of the rail holding portions is
A flat plate to be inserted into the gap at the bottom of the rail;
A pulling hook for pulling the rail inward, which is provided outside the track on the upper surface of the flat plate and has a shape that hooks the bottom of the rail from the side,
An extrusion hook that is provided inward of the track on the upper surface of the flat plate and has a shape that hooks the bottom of the rail from the side, and pushes the rail outward.
Each rail holding part is inserted into the lower side of each rail to hold the rail bottom from the lower side of each rail. The gauge SeiTadashiki has a detachable structure which can be removably mounted to at least one of the rail holder with respect to the telescopic structure,
The gauge rectifier according to claim 1 , wherein the detachable structure portion fixes the rail holding portion and the telescopic structure portion by a fixing pin that can be inserted and removed. The gauge adjuster according to any one of claims 1 and 2 , further comprising a handle lever portion having a ratchet mechanism for inputting manual power to the telescopic structure portion.

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