JP4222667B2 - Resin frame and refrigeration container provided with the frame - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a resin frame and its use, and more particularly, to a resin frame attached to a refrigerated container used for marine transportation and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a refrigeration container with a built-in refrigerator is used for transporting various kinds of luggage such as food by a ship, a railroad, or a vehicle in a frozen state. Usually, a refrigeration container is configured such that a frame on which a refrigerator is mounted is attached to a substantially box-shaped container body having an open surface so as to cover the open surface.
[0003]
Since a plurality of containers of this type are stacked during transportation, the frame is required to have a strength that can withstand the weight of the container stacked on top. In addition, the frame needs to have high heat insulation properties in order to prevent heat conduction from the outside to the load in the container. Therefore, generally, the frame of the refrigeration container is formed by combining an outer plate or inner plate made of a metal material such as steel or aluminum and a heat insulating material made of urethane foam or the like.
[0004]
By the way, the weight of the container itself is preferably light for efficient transportation. Therefore, in JP-A-10-157792, JP-A-10-170129, and JP-A-10-160326, a heat insulating material made of foamed resin is provided between an outer plate and a inner plate made of resin mixed with reinforcing fibers. It is disclosed that a frame is constituted by a sandwiched so-called foam core sandwich board.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the biggest problem when the frame of a refrigerated container is formed of a resin-made structural material such as a foam core sandwich board is the flange having a mounting hole for mounting the main body of the frame to the container main body via bolts or the like. The racking strength of the part.
[0006]
That is, for the shape of the mounting hole, etc., an international standard is adopted so that the same frame can be attached to any container body, but this standard is based on a steel plate flange. In addition, in a flange made of a normal fiber reinforced resin material having a relatively low local crushing strength, the flange may not be able to withstand the load applied from the mounting hole portion via a bolt or the like, and may be damaged. When the flange portion of the frame is damaged, in the worst case, the frame is detached from the container body, and the cargo in the container is discharged to the outside.
[0007]
Therefore, in the frames described in JP-A-10-157792, JP-A-10-170129, and JP-A-10-160326, the outer plate of the frame body and the outer peripheral edge of the inner plate are integrally formed. It has been proposed to insert a metal frame as a skeleton member into the flange.
[0008]
However, inserting the metal skeleton member as described above inside the flange of the frame increases the weight of the entire container. Further, the manufacturing process of the frame becomes complicated, and an increase in manufacturing time and manufacturing cost is inevitable. Moreover, heat from the outside may be conducted into the container through the metal skeleton member.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to solve the problems in the conventional techniques as described above. That is, the object of the present invention is to provide a new resin frame that is easy to manufacture and lightweight, has a high flange portion rigidity, and has a sufficient racking strength, and uses this to produce a high-strength refrigeration container. There is to do.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention is a resin frame having a flange portion made of a fiber reinforced resin material layer having an attachment hole for attachment to a container body, and an orientation direction of continuous fibers contained in the fiber reinforced resin material layer; This is achieved by a resin frame having an angle formed by a direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion of 30 ° to 60 °. Moreover, it is preferable that the ratio of the said continuous fiber to all the reinforcing fibers in the said fiber reinforced resin material layer is 10% or more. The continuous fiber is preferably carbon fiber. The “direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion” refers to a direction along the edge (edge) of the flange portion, and is not necessarily a linear direction.
[0011]
The mounting hole of the flange portion of the frame of the present invention may be formed by post-processing, and a metal bush may be fitted into the mounting hole. The frame of the present invention is attached to a container body to constitute a refrigerated container.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B are a front view and a side view of a resin frame 1 for a refrigeration container (hereinafter simply referred to as “frame 1”), which is an example of an embodiment of the resin frame of the present invention. It is. 1A and 1B show an enlarged layer structure of the flange portion 1b of the frame 1. FIG.
[0013]
The resin frame 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a frame main body 1a and a flange portion 1b. A recess 2 is formed in the lower portion of the frame main body 1a toward the inside of the container. A refrigeration machine (not shown) for cooling the cargo in the container is accommodated in the dent 2, and cold air from the refrigeration machine is supplied from the dent 2 to the inside of the container through a passage (not shown).
[0014]
On the other hand, a pair of left and right inspection windows 3 penetrating the frame body 1a are formed above the frame body 1a. The inspection window 3 in FIG. 1 is substantially rectangular, and can be opened and closed by an inspection door (not shown). The inspection door is opened when checking the inside of the container and the cooler.
[0015]
First, the frame body 1a will be described. As shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG. 1B, in this embodiment, a plastic foam 5 as a heat insulating material is sandwiched between an outer plate 4a and an inner plate 4b made of a fiber reinforced resin material layer, and the frame A main body 1a is configured. The material of the reinforcing fiber contained in the outer plate 4a and the inner plate 4b constituting the frame main body 1a is not particularly limited, and glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, polyester fiber, silicon carbide fiber, boron fiber, Known fibers such as natural fibers such as pulp and stainless steel fibers can be used, but it is preferable to use carbon fibers in order to increase the rigidity of the frame body 1a. In addition, it is good also as a reinforcing fiber combining 2 or more types of fibers.
[0016]
As the form of reinforcement by the reinforcing fibers, continuous reinforcing fibers are aligned in one direction, continuous reinforcing fibers are woven to form a woven fabric, and reinforcing fibers cut shortly to about 5 to 50 mm in a predetermined direction. Examples of the woven fabric made of reinforcing fibers oriented in different directions are preferable in terms of strength. In addition, the outer plate 4a or the inner plate 4b does not need to include the reinforcing fiber in a portion where the frame body 1a does not require particularly high rigidity.
[0017]
As the matrix resin of the fiber reinforced resin material layer constituting the outer plate 4a and the inner plate 4b, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, furan resin, maleimide resin, acrylic resin Although what is conventionally used for fiber reinforced resin materials, such as these, can be employ | adopted, A thermosetting resin is preferable at a heat resistant point. The matrix resin may be mixed with various powders, fillers and the like for the purpose of improving wear resistance.
[0018]
The material of the plastic foam 5 is natural rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, neoprene, chloroprene, polysulfide, polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol. , Known thermoplastic resins such as acetylcellulose, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polysulfone, polyimide, acrylic resin, polyurethane, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, phenol resin, urea resin, urea resin, etc. Any known thermosetting resin can be used. The plastic foam 5 may be mixed with various additives such as antimony trioxide, zircon oxide, barium metaborate, zinc borate, and phosphate for the purpose of imparting flame retardancy.
[0019]
The plastic foam 5 and the outer plate 4a and the inner plate 4b may be directly bonded to each other, but are preferably bonded via an adhesive layer in order to improve adhesion. The material constituting the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as it can firmly adhere the plastic foam 5 to the outer plate 4a and the inner plate 4b, but phenol resin, epoxy resin, urea Thermosetting resins such as resins and urethane resins are preferable, and urethane resins are particularly preferable. In addition, the fiber layer may be contained in the said adhesive bond layer for the further improvement of adhesiveness. However, the fibers constituting the fiber mat need not have a reinforcing action. Moreover, you may reinforce the joining of the plastic foam 5 and the outer plate 4a and the inner plate 4b by using mechanical means such as screws and screws in addition to the adhesive layer.
[0020]
Next, the flange portion 1b will be described. In the frame 1 shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral edge portions of the outer plate 4a and the inner plate 4b are integrated into a flange portion 1b. The flange portion 1b is the same as the fiber reinforced resin material layer constituting the frame body 1a. It is formed of a fiber reinforced resin material layer composed of a matrix resin 6 and continuous reinforcing fibers 7.
[0021]
As is clear from the partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 (a), in the frame 1 of FIG. 1, the continuous reinforcing fiber 7 included in the flange portion 1b is a plain-woven reinforcing fiber sheet. The continuous fiber bundle is inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion 1b. That is, the flange portion 1b is reinforced by continuous fibers oriented in a direction different from the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion 1b. As the material of the continuous reinforcing fiber 7, glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, polyester fiber, silicon carbide fiber, boron fiber, natural fiber such as pulp, stainless steel fiber, etc. can be used, but the flange portion 1b is sufficient. In order to obtain a good racking strength, it is preferable to use a carbon fiber having high rigidity. Two or more types of reinforcing fiber bundles may be woven to form continuous reinforcing fibers 7.
[0022]
As the continuous reinforcing fiber 7, in addition to the plain weave reinforcing fiber sheet, the continuous fiber bundle is woven fabric type reinforcing fiber sheet woven by twill weaving, satin weaving, one-side weaving or the like, or the continuous fiber bundle is unidirectional Reinforcing fiber sheets arranged in a plane can be used, but the continuous fibers in the reinforcing fiber sheet need to have at least a part of the orientation direction different from the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion 1b. . In addition, in the point which reinforces the intensity | strength with respect to all the directions of the flange part 1b, as a form of the continuous reinforcement fiber 7, the woven fabric type reinforcement fiber sheet obtained by weaving the continuous reinforcement fiber oriented in a different direction is preferable.
[0023]
The angle formed between the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion 1b and the orientation direction of the continuous fiber bundle in the continuous reinforcing fiber 7 is in the range of 30 to 60 °, and more preferably in the range of 40 to 50 °. The angle is most preferably set to 45 ° from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the flange portion 1b. If the angle is less than 30 ° or greater than 60 °, the degree of improvement in the racking strength of the flange portion 1b becomes low.
[0024]
In the frame 1 of FIG. 1, the flange portion 1 b includes only continuous reinforcing fibers 7 in which the fibers are oriented in a direction different from the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion 1 b as a reinforcing fiber. The fiber reinforced resin material layer constituting the flange portion may further include continuous reinforcing fibers or discontinuous reinforcing fibers oriented in a direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion. However, in that case, in all the reinforcing fibers included in the flange portion, the direction is different from the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion, in particular, the direction inclined to the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion. The proportion of continuous fibers oriented in the direction is preferably at least 10%. When the ratio is less than 10%, it is difficult to improve the racking strength of the flange portion.
When the ratio of the continuous reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion, the direction perpendicular to the edge, the direction inclined + 45 ° and the direction inclined −45 ° is 1: 1: 1: 1, This is particularly preferable because the surface pressure strength of the flange portion is maximized.
[0025]
The continuous reinforcing fiber 7 is only required to be present at least in the flange portion 1b. However, the continuous reinforcing fiber 7 in the flange portion 1b is also used for the frame main body 1a in terms of improvement in strength of the entire frame and ease of manufacturing work. It is preferable to reinforce with the same reinforcing fiber.
[0026]
A plurality of attachment holes 8 for attaching the frame main body 1a to the opening surface of the container main body (not shown in FIG. 1) are formed in the flange portion 1b of the frame 1 over the entire circumference. The mounting hole 8 is manufactured by forming a portion where the matrix resin 6 and the continuous reinforcing fiber 7 do not exist in the flange portion 1b in advance by, for example, disposing the core at a predetermined position in the mold when the frame 1 is manufactured. However, in order to ensure the racking strength around the mounting hole 8, the mounting hole 8 is preferably formed in the flange portion 1b by post-processing such as drilling or punching.
[0027]
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a refrigerated container 10 in which the frame 1 is attached to the opening surface of the container body 9. The frame 1 of the present invention is attached and fixed to the container body 9 by a fastening jig such as a bolt through a plurality of attachment holes 8 formed in the flange portion 1b. The container main body 9 is formed with a carry-in port (not shown), and the carry-in port can be opened and closed by a door or the like.
[0028]
By the way, when the refrigerated container 10 is moved or loaded, a pressing force, an impact force, etc. are applied from the container body 9 to the frame 1 via the bolts and the like. The mounting hole 8 is the largest. Therefore, by fitting and reinforcing the metal bush 11 in the mounting hole 8 where such stress is concentrated, the mounting hole 8 can be prevented from being damaged and the safer refrigeration container 10 can be obtained.
[0029]
The frame 1 of FIG. 1 can be manufactured as follows, for example.
[0030]
First, a sheet-like plastic foam 5 having a predetermined thickness and shape is manufactured. The manufacturing method of the plastic foam 5 is not particularly limited, and a known continuous or batch foaming method such as an extrusion foaming method, an injection foaming method, a mold foaming method, a spray foaming method, or a two-component mixing method is appropriately used. Can be adopted. Also, the blowing agent is not particularly limited. In addition to a gas such as nitrogen or a vaporizable solvent, an inorganic blowing agent such as sodium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonate, a benzenesulfohydrazine, an azonitrile Known foaming agents such as organic, azocarboxylic, diazoacetamide, nitroso compound, and the like can be used.
[0031]
Next, the continuous reinforcing fiber 7 is disposed in a portion corresponding to the flange portion 1b of the mold cavity. On the other hand, the frame main body 1a does not necessarily include reinforcing fibers, but it is preferable to dispose reinforcing fibers also in the cavity portion corresponding to the frame main body 1a in order to improve the strength of the entire frame, and in particular, the flange portion 1b. It is more preferable to arrange the same reinforcing fiber as the continuous reinforcing fiber 7 used in the above.
[0032]
The continuous reinforcing fiber 7 is disposed in the cavity so that the orientation direction of the fiber is inclined with respect to the direction along the edge of the flange portion 1b. In addition to the continuous reinforcing fiber 7, other reinforcing fibers may be further stacked in a portion where high strength is required, but the continuous reinforcing fiber 7 occupies the entire reinforcing fiber existing in the flange portion 1 b. It is preferable to keep the ratio of 10% or more.
[0033]
Next, the plastic foam 5 is placed on the reinforcing fiber disposed in the cavity, and the reinforcing fiber is further disposed thereon as necessary. Thereafter, the mold is clamped, a liquid curable resin is injected into the cavity, and the reinforcing fibers in the cavity are impregnated. Next, the resin is cured by heating or the like, whereby the reinforcing fiber in the cavity and the curable resin are integrated to obtain the frame 1. That is, the reinforcing fiber is impregnated and cured with the curable resin to form the outer plate 4a and the inner plate 4b in the cavity, thereby covering the plastic foam 5, and the outer plate at each outer peripheral edge portion. The flange portion 1b having a shape in which the 4a and the inner plate 4b are integrated is manufactured. And after confirming sufficient hardening of the said resin, the flame | frame 1 is taken out from a metal mold | die by mold opening.
[0034]
A mounting hole 8 is formed by drilling, punching or the like in the flange portion 1b of the frame 1 thus manufactured. Moreover, the metal bush 11 is fitted as needed.
[0035]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
<Example>
Pyrofil TR50S-12L (registered trademark of Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) was used as the reinforcing fiber to produce a plain weave carbon fiber cloth having a basis weight of 650 g / m ² . In addition, a foamed polyurethane resin plastic foam having a density of 200 kg / m ³ was previously produced as a heat insulating material by mold foam molding.
Next, eight carbon fiber cloths are set in the cavity of the mold for manufacturing the frame so that the fibers are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the direction parallel to the edge of the cavity, and further in the direction parallel to the edge of the cavity. The two carbon fiber cloths were set so that the fiber orientation direction was inclined by ± 45 ° with respect to the surface.
And after setting the said plastic foam on it, the metal mold | die was closed, liquid uncured normal temperature curing type epoxy resin was inject | poured, and also it was left to stand at room temperature for 8 hours, and resin was hardened.
After confirming resin curing, the mold was removed to obtain a frame. A mounting hole was drilled at a predetermined position in the flange portion of the frame. A metal bush was press-fitted into the mounting hole where the stress was concentrated.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The resin frame of the present invention is lighter than a metal frame and has sufficient corrosion resistance against seawater and the like. The flange portion is made of a fiber reinforced resin material layer and includes continuous fibers oriented in a direction different from the direction parallel to the edge thereof, that is, the orientation direction of the continuous fibers contained in the fiber reinforced resin material layer and the flange Since the angle formed by the direction parallel to the edge of the portion is 30 ° to 60 °, the rigidity of the flange portion is high and the racking strength is sufficient. Therefore, a high-strength refrigeration container can be manufactured. Further, since a metal reinforcing member is not used for the flange portion, the weight of the entire frame does not increase, and manufacturing is easy. In addition, when it has the core material which consists of plastic foam etc., a moderate heat insulation characteristic can be acquired.
[0037]
Further, an angle formed by the orientation direction of the continuous fibers in all the reinforcing fibers in the fiber reinforced material layer, that is, the direction parallel to the edge of the flange portion, included in the fiber reinforced resin material layer is 30 ° to 60 °. When the ratio of the continuous fibers is 10% or more, the rigidity of the flange portion can be effectively increased.
[0038]
And when using a carbon fiber as said continuous fiber, it becomes possible to further raise the rigidity of a flange part, maintaining the lightweight property of a flame | frame.
[0039]
When the mounting hole is formed in the flange portion of the resin frame of the present invention by post-processing, the strength of the flange portion reinforced by the reinforcing fiber can be fully utilized. Further, when a metal bush is fitted in the mounting hole, the mounting hole is not likely to be damaged by excessive stress.
[0040]
The refrigerated container to which the resin frame of the present invention is attached may be damaged even if a large stress is applied to the joint between the frame flange and the container main body when mounted on a transportation means such as a ship. There is no need to be safe.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view and a side view of an embodiment of a resin frame of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the refrigerated container of the present invention in which the resin frame of the present invention is attached to the opening surface of the container body.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 2 Depression 3 Inspection window 4a Outer plate 4b Inner plate 5 Plastic foam 6 Matrix resin 7 Continuous reinforcement fiber 8 Mounting hole 9 Container body 10 Refrigerated container 11 Metal bush

Claims (2)

A resin frame having a flange portion made of a fiber reinforced resin material layer having an attachment hole for attachment to a container body, wherein the continuous fiber orientation direction included in the fiber reinforced resin material layer and an edge of the flange portion Ri is 30 ° to 60゜Dea angle in the direction parallel, the mounting hole is formed by post-processing, and a resin frame that have been fitted into metal bush.   A refrigerated container having the resin frame according to claim 1 attached thereto.

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