JP4213048B2 - Woven and knitted fabrics with reduced porosity when wet - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a woven or knitted fabric in which the porosity in a woven or knitted structure decreases when wet, while the porosity in the woven or knitted structure reversibly improves when dried.

  Fabrics in which the fabric porosity changes reversibly between wet and dry are also called moisture-sensitive fabrics, and various proposals have been made in recent years.

  For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a knitted or knitted fabric formed by twisting a yarn formed from a hygroscopic polymer and using the yarn. Such a woven or knitted fabric generates a twisting torque at the time of moisture absorption, and changes the planar texture shape of the woven or knitted fabric to a three-dimensional texture shape to improve the porosity, thereby increasing the air flow rate. In addition, in the Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-177773, the present inventors previously used a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn to obtain a woven or knitted fabric that has improved porosity when wet and decreases porosity when dried. Proposed.

  On the other hand, when a normal woven or knitted fabric made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber is used as swimming wear, sports wear or the like, there is a problem that it becomes easy to see through due to wetness such as rain, and improvement thereof has been demanded. In addition, there has been a demand for a fabric that is improved in waterproofness when wet and improved in breathability when dry, and has excellent wearing comfort.

However, each of the moisture-sensitive fabrics has an improved porosity when wet and a reduced porosity when dried, and has the opposite effect for the above-mentioned use. Therefore, it has been desired to propose a woven or knitted fabric in which the porosity is reversibly improved during drying.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-77544

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned background, and the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the porosity with good performance without much change in the dimensions of the woven or knitted fabric when wet, while reversibly improving the porosity during drying. It is to provide a woven or knitted fabric.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention are specific to the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn when knitting the woven or knitted fabric using the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn. By providing the yarn length difference, it is possible to obtain a desired woven or knitted fabric in which the fabric porosity is reduced with good performance without much change in the fabric dimensions when wet, while the fabric porosity is improved during drying. The present invention has been completed by repeated headings and further intensive studies.

Thus, according to the present invention, “a woven or knitted fabric composed of a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn, wherein the yarn length of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn in the woven or knitted fabric in an atmosphere at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH is set. (A) On the other hand, when the yarn length of the non-self-stretching yarn is (B), A / B is greater than 0.9, and the woven or knitted fabric has the following requirements (1) to (3) Wetting characterized in that at least one requirement is satisfied, and the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn is a polyetherester fiber made of a polyetherester elastomer having polybutylene terephthalate as a hard segment and polyoxyethylene glycol as a soft segment. A woven or knitted fabric sometimes having reduced porosity ".
(1) It has a circular knitting structure, and a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn form a composite loop of the circular knitting structure.
(2) It has a woven structure, and a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn are aligned to form a warp and / or weft of the woven structure.
(3) Water-absorbing self-stretching yarns and non-self-stretching yarns are arranged alternately one by one or plurally as constituent yarns of the woven or knitted fabric.

  A polyester fiber is suitable as the non-self-stretching yarn. Moreover, in such a woven or knitted fabric, it is preferable that the void change rate is 10% or more when wet and when dry.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a woven or knitted fabric in which the porosity is lowered with good performance without much change in dimensions when wet, and the porosity is reversibly improved when dried. When such a woven or knitted fabric is used as swimming wear or sportswear, the porosity of the woven or knitted fabric decreases due to wetness. Therefore, when wet, it is difficult to see through and the waterproof property is improved.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present invention, the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are yarns defined below. That is, using a rewind frame with a frame circumference of 1.125 m, a load of 0.88 mN / dtex (0.1 g / de) was applied and the rewind was performed at a constant speed, and the number of turns: 10 skeins were made and cut off. The yarn is allowed to stand in an environment of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65 RH% for 24 hours. The yarn length (mm) measured by applying a load of de) is defined as the yarn length at the time of drying. The yarn is dipped in water at a water temperature of 20 ° C. for 5 minutes and then pulled up from the water. The yarn length (mm) measured by applying a load of 0088 mN / dtex (1 mg / de) is defined as the wet yarn length. The inelastic yarn is a yarn having a breaking elongation of 200% or less, and the elastic yarn is a yarn having a breaking elongation higher than 200%. And a thing whose swelling rate of the fiber axis direction calculated | required by the following formula is 5% or more is defined as a water absorption self-extension thread | yarn. On the other hand, those having a swelling ratio of less than 5% are defined as non-self-stretching yarns.
Swell rate (%) = (((yarn length when wet) − (yarn length when dry)) / (yarn length when dry)) × 100
Here, the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-described swelling rate, but preferably has a swelling rate of 6% or more (more preferably 8 to 30%).

  Examples of such water-absorbing self-stretching yarns include polyether ester fibers made of a polyether ester elastomer having polybutylene terephthalate as a hard segment and polyoxyethylene glycol as a soft segment, polyacrylic acid metal salts, polyacrylic acid and the like. Copolymer, polymethacrylic acid and its copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol and its copolymer, polyacrylamide and its copolymer, polyester fiber blended with polyoxyethylene polymer, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid component Examples include polymerized polyester fibers. Especially, as such a water absorption self-extension elastic fiber, the polyether ester fiber which consists of a polyether ester elastomer which uses polybutylene terephthalate as a hard segment and polyoxyethylene glycol as a soft segment is illustrated suitably.

  The polybutylene terephthalate preferably contains at least 70 mol% of butylene terephthalate units. The content of butylene terephthalate is more preferably 80 mol% or more, and still more preferably 90 mol% or more. The acid component is mainly composed of terephthalic acid, but a small amount of other dicarboxylic acid components may be copolymerized. The glycol component is mainly composed of tetramethylene glycol, but other glycol components are copolymerized. It may be added as a component.

  Examples of dicarboxylic acids other than terephthalic acid include naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, isophthalic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenyloxyethanedicarboxylic acid, β-hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid, p-oxybenzoic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and 1,4- Examples thereof include aromatic and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid components such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid. Further, a tricarboxylic or higher polycarboxylic acid such as trimellitic acid or pyromellitic acid may be used as a copolymerization component as long as the achievement of the object of the present invention is not substantially impaired.

  Examples of diol components other than tetramethylene glycol include aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic diol compounds such as trimethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol, and neopentyl glycol. Can do. Furthermore, a trifunctional or higher functional polyol such as glycerin, trimethylolpropane, or pentaerythritol may be used as a copolymerization component as long as the achievement of the object of the present invention is not substantially impaired.

  On the other hand, the polyoxyethylene glycol preferably contains at least 70 mol% or more of oxyethylene glycol units. The content of oxyethylene glycol is more preferably 80 mol% or more, and still more preferably 90 mol% or more. In addition to oxyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, glycerin and the like may be copolymerized within a range where the achievement of the object of the present invention is not substantially impaired.

  The number average molecular weight of such polyoxyethylene glycol is preferably 400 to 8000, and particularly preferably 1000 to 6000.

  The polyether ester elastomer is obtained, for example, by subjecting a raw material containing dimethyl terephthalate, tetramethylene glycol and polyoxyethylene glycol to a transesterification reaction in the presence of a transesterification catalyst to produce bis (ω-hydroxybutyl) terephthalate and / or Alternatively, it can be obtained by forming an oligomer and then performing melt polycondensation under high temperature and reduced pressure in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst and a stabilizer.

  The ratio of hard segment / soft segment is preferably 30/70 to 70/30 based on weight.

  It is preferable that a known organic sulfonic acid metal salt is contained in such a polyether ester because a further excellent water absorption self-extension performance is obtained.

  The polyether ester fiber is obtained by melting and extruding the polyether ester from a normal melt spinneret, and taking it out at a take-up speed of 300 to 1200 m / min (preferably 400 to 980 m / min). It can manufacture by winding at 1.0-1.2 (preferably 1.0-1.1) of taking-up speed.

  On the other hand, non-self-stretching yarns include natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, cellulosic chemical fibers such as rayon and acetate, and polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, and polypropylene. These synthetic fibers are exemplified. Especially, a normal polyester fiber is illustrated preferably.

  The fiber form of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn is not particularly limited, and may be a short fiber or a long fiber. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not particularly limited, and a known cross-sectional shape such as a circle, a triangle, a flat shape, or a hollow shape can be employed. The total fineness, single yarn fineness, and number of filaments of the water-absorbing self-stretched yarn and non-self-stretched yarn are not particularly limited, but the total fineness is 30 to 300 dtex, the single yarn fineness is 0.6 to 10 dtex, and the number of filaments is 1 in terms of texture and productivity. A range of ˜300 is preferred.

  The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention comprises a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn. At that time, the weight ratio of the two is 10:90 to 60:40 (more preferably 20:80 to 40%) for the former: the latter in order to effectively reduce the porosity when wet, which is the main object of the present invention. 50:50) is preferable.

  As the structure of the woven or knitted fabric, the woven or knitted structure and the number of layers are not particularly limited. For example, woven structures such as plain weave, twill weave, and satin, and knitted structures such as tengu, smooth, milling, kanoko, denby, and tricot are preferably exemplified, but not limited thereto. The number of layers may be a single layer or a multilayer of two or more layers.

  The yarn arrangement of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn is not particularly limited, but the following yarn arrangement is preferably exemplified.

  First, the hygroscopic self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are aligned to form a needle loop of a knitted fabric and a yarn arrangement constituting a warp and / or weft of a woven fabric. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a hygroscopic self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn form a circular knitted composite loop (two yarns form a needle loop at the same time, also referred to as splicing yarn). As shown in FIG. 2, the formed yarn array and the yarn array in which the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are aligned and arranged on the warp and / or the weft of the woven structure are exemplified.

  As part 2, hygroscopic self-stretching yarns and non-self-stretching yarns were arranged alternately (1: 1) or plural (2: 2, 3: 3, etc.) in the warp and / or weft of the woven or knitted fabric. Examples of thread arrangements. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a yarn arrangement in which water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and non-self-stretching yarn are arranged 1: 1 in a circular knitted fabric, and as shown in FIG. Examples thereof include a yarn arrangement in which the stretch yarns are arranged at a ratio of 1: 1 to warp and weft yarns.

  As a third example, there is an embodiment in which a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn constitute a woven or knitted fabric as a composite yarn such as a blended yarn, a composite false twist crimped yarn, a combined twist yarn, or a covering yarn.

  Next, in the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention, the yarn length of the water-absorbing self-stretched yarn in the woven or knitted fabric in an atmosphere at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH is (A), while the yarn length of the non-self-stretched yarn is ( When B), A / B needs to be larger than 0.9 (preferably 1.0 to 2.0, particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.5). If the A / B is 0.9 or less, the effect of decreasing the porosity when wet, which is the main object of the present invention, is not preferable.

  Here, the yarn length is measured by the following method. First, after leaving the woven or knitted fabric to stand in an atmosphere of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH for 24 hours, a 30 cm × 30 cm small piece is cut from the woven or knitted fabric (n number = 5). Subsequently, one water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and one non-self-stretching yarn are taken out from each piece, and the yarn length A (mm) of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the yarn length B (mm) of the non-self-stretching yarn are measured. At that time, in the case of an inelastic yarn, the load is 1.76 mN / dtex (200 mg / de), and in the case of an elastic yarn, a load of 0.0088 mN / dtex (1 mg / de) is applied. Then, (average value of yarn length A) / (average value of yarn length B) is defined as A / B. Here, the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn taken out from the small piece need to be in the same direction in the woven or knitted fabric. For example, when the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn is taken out from the warp (weft) of the fabric, the other non-self-stretching yarn needs to be taken out from the warp (weft). Further, when the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn constitute a woven or knitted fabric as a composite yarn, the composite yarn is taken out from the cut pieces (30 cm × 30 cm) (n number = 5), and further from the composite yarn The water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are taken out and measured in the same manner as described above.

  As described above, the following method is exemplified as a method for obtaining the yarn length difference between the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn.

  For example, as part 1, when weaving and knitting the woven or knitted fabric, the polyether ester fiber having elasticity is used as the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn, and the polyether ester fiber and the non-self-stretching yarn are aligned and the same. And a method of knitting and weaving by feeding the yarn into the yarn feeder at the same yarn feeding speed.

  As a second method, when the woven or knitted fabric is knitted or woven, the boiling water shrinkage rate of the non-self-stretching yarn is the same as or larger than the boiling water shrinkage rate of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn. By subjecting such a woven or knitted fabric to a normal dyeing process, the yarn length of the non-self-stretching yarn is shortened, and a yarn length difference from the other water-absorbing self-stretching yarn can be obtained.

  As part 3, the non-self-stretching yarn is aligned while overfeeding the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn to obtain a composite yarn by ordinary air-mixing, twisting, covering, etc., and using the composite yarn And a method of knitting and knitting the knitted fabric.

  Next, in the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention, the mechanism by which the porosity decreases when wet compared to when dry will be described below.

  For example, when the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are dry, when wet as shown in (2) of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 (1), the water-absorbing self-stretching yarns self-extends and sags, thereby reducing the gap.

  In the case of a woven fabric in which the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are arranged with the same yarn length to form warp and / or weft of the woven structure as shown in FIG. When wet, as shown in FIG. 2 (1), the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn self-stretches and sags, so the gap becomes small.

  As shown in (2) of FIG. 3, when the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are dried, the circular knitted fabric in which the same length is arranged at 1: 1, as shown in FIG. 3 (1) As shown in FIG. 3, the loop made of the non-self-stretching yarn swells and becomes large. As a result, the voids in the knitted fabric are reduced.

When the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are dried, as shown in (2) of FIG. As shown in (1) of FIG. 4, the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn self-stretches and sags to reduce the gap.

In the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention, the porosity is measured by the following method.
That is, the surface of the woven or knitted fabric was observed by magnifying it 20 times with an optical microscope, and the area occupied by the yarn on the surface of the woven or knitted fabric using a digital planimeter manufactured by Uchida Yoko Co., Ltd. was measured. The porosity (%) is calculated by the formula
Porosity (%) = ((area where no yarn exists) / ((area occupied by yarn) + (area where yarn does not exist))) × 100

Then, the porosity is measured for each of dry time and wet time (n number = 5), and the void change rate (%) is calculated by the following formula. Here, the time of drying is a state of the sample after being left for 24 hours in an environment of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH, and when wet, the sample is immersed in water at a temperature of 20 ° C. for 5 minutes. Later, the sample was pulled up from the water, the sample was sandwiched between two filter papers, and the sample was weighted with a pressure of 490 N / m ² (50 kgf / m ² ) for 1 minute to remove moisture existing between the fibers.
Void change rate (%) = (((Void ratio during drying) − (Void ratio when wet)) / (Void ratio during drying)) × 100
The void change rate is preferably 10% or more (more preferably 15 to 200%, particularly preferably 18 to 50%).

  The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention may be subjected to a usual dyeing finish. In addition, various processes that provide functions such as conventional water-repellent processing, brushed processing, ultraviolet shielding or antibacterial agents, deodorants, insect repellents, phosphorescent agents, retroreflective agents, and negative ion generators are additionally applied. Also good.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these. In addition, each physical property in an Example is measured with the following method.
<Boiling water shrinkage rate> The boiling water shrinkage rate (hot water shrinkage rate) (%) was measured by an n number of 3 by the method defined in JIS L 1013-1998, 7.15.
<Measurement of yarn length> After leaving the woven or knitted fabric in an atmosphere at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH for 24 hours, a small piece of 30 cm × 30 cm is cut from the woven or knitted fabric so that the direction of the weft is the same as that of the woven or knitted fabric (N number = 5). Subsequently, one water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and one non-self-stretching yarn are taken out from each piece, and a load of 0.0088 mN / dtex (1 mg / de) is applied to the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn, which is an elastic yarn. A load of 1.76 mN / dtex (200 mg / de) is applied to the non-self-stretching yarn, which is a yarn, and the yarn length A (mm) of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the yarn length B (mm) of the non-self-stretching yarn are measured. . Then, (average value of yarn length A) / (average value of yarn length B) is defined as A / B.
<Porosity> The surface of the woven or knitted fabric is magnified 20 times with an optical microscope, and the area occupied by the yarn on the surface of the woven or knitted fabric is measured using a digital planimeter manufactured by Uchida Yoko Co., Ltd. The porosity (%) was calculated by the following formula.
Porosity (%) = ((area where no yarn exists) / ((area occupied by yarn) + (area where yarn does not exist))) × 100
The porosity was measured for dry time and wet time (n number = 5), and the void change rate (%) was calculated by the following formula. Here, the time of drying is a state of the sample after being left for 24 hours in an environment of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH, and when wet, the sample is immersed in water at a temperature of 20 ° C. for 5 minutes. Later, the sample was pulled up from the water, the sample was sandwiched between two filter papers, and the sample was weighted with a pressure of 490 N / m ² (50 kgf / m ² ) for 1 minute to remove moisture existing between the fibers.
Void change rate (%) = (((porosity when wet) − (porosity when dried)) / (porosity when dried)) × 100

[Example 1]
Polyetherene terephthalate (49.8 parts by weight) as a hard segment and polyether ester (50.2 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 4000 as a soft segment) are melted at 230 ° C. and discharged from a predetermined spinneret. Extruded at 3.05 g / min. The polymer was drawn through two godet rolls at 705 m / min and further wound at 750 m / min (winding draft 1.06) to obtain a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn having elasticity of 44 dtex / 1 filament. The swelling rate of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn in the fiber axis direction when wet was 10%, and the boiling water shrinkage rate was 8%.

  On the other hand, a normal polyethylene terephthalate multifilament yarn (84 dtex / 24 filament) having a boiling water shrinkage of 10% and a wet expansion rate of 1% or less was prepared as a non-self-stretching yarn.

  Next, using a 28-gauge single circular knitting machine, the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn are fed to the knitting machine at the same yarn feeding speed, so that 47 courses / 2.54 cm, 40 wales. A circular knitted fabric with a tentacle structure was knitted at a knitting density of /2.54 cm. Subsequently, this circular knitted fabric was processed by a conventional dyeing finishing method. In the obtained circular knitted fabric, A / B was 1.0. The obtained circular knitted fabric was satisfactory because the porosity was 30% when dried and the porosity was 25% when wet, and the porosity decreased when wet.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, a circular knitted fabric was knitted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn was drafted at a draft rate of 50% and fed to the knitting machine simultaneously with the non-self-stretching yarn. The dyeing finish processing was performed. In the obtained circular knitted fabric, A / B was 0.7. Further, in the obtained circular knitted fabric, the porosity was 15% when dried, the porosity was 23% when wet, and the porosity was improved when wet.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a woven or knitted fabric in which the porosity is reversibly reduced with good performance without much change in dimensions when wet compared to when dry. When such a woven or knitted fabric is used as an inner wear or sports wear, the voids in the knitted or knitted fabric are reduced when wet, so that it is difficult to see through even when wet by rain or the like, and the waterproof property is improved. On the other hand, at the time of drying, the voids in the woven or knitted fabric become large, and an effect of improving air permeability is obtained, and its industrial value is extremely large.

The woven or knitted fabric according to the present invention schematically shows a yarn arrangement in which a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn form a composite loop of a circular knitting structure, and (1) when wet, (2) when dry It is. In the woven or knitted fabric according to the present invention, the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and the non-self-stretching yarn schematically show a yarn arrangement that forms a warp and a weft of the woven structure, and (1) when wet, (2) At the time of drying. The woven or knitted fabric according to the present invention schematically shows a yarn arrangement in which a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn are arranged 1: 1 to constitute a circular knitted fabric, and (1) when wet, (2 ) Dry. The woven or knitted fabric according to the present invention schematically shows a yarn arrangement in which a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn are arranged 1: 1 on the warp and weft of the fabric to constitute the fabric, (1) When wet, (2) when dry.

Explanation of symbols

1-1,1-2,3-1,3-2,5-1,5-2,7-1,7-2 non-self-stretching yarns 2-1 2-2, 4-1, 4-2 , 6-1,6-2,8-1,8-2 Water-absorbing self-stretching yarn

Claims (3)

A woven or knitted fabric comprising a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn, wherein the yarn length of the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn in the woven or knitting in an atmosphere at a temperature of 20 ° C and a humidity of 65% RH is (A), When the yarn length of the stretch yarn is (B), A / B is greater than 0.9, and the woven or knitted fabric satisfies at least one of the following requirements (1) to (3) ; The woven or knitted fabric with reduced porosity when wet, wherein the water-absorbing self-stretching yarn is a polyetherester fiber comprising a polyetherester elastomer having polybutylene terephthalate as a hard segment and polyoxyethylene glycol as a soft segment .
(1) It has a circular knitting structure, and a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn form a composite loop of the circular knitting structure.
(2) It has a woven structure, and a water-absorbing self-stretching yarn and a non-self-stretching yarn are aligned to form a warp and / or weft of the woven structure.
(3) Water-absorbing self-stretching yarns and non-self-stretching yarns are arranged alternately one by one or plurally as constituent yarns of the woven or knitted fabric.   The knitted or knitted fabric having a reduced porosity when wet according to claim 1, wherein the non-self-stretching yarn is a polyester fiber.   The knitted or knitted fabric having a void ratio that decreases when wet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the void change rate during wet and dry is 10% or more.

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