JP4202469B2 - Granule supply device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a supply apparatus that supplies a granular material to a supply destination. More specifically, the present invention is suitable for charging a reactor with a molded catalyst formed into a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, or a rectangular shape, or an irregular shaped granular catalyst. The present invention relates to a certain granular material supply apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, a catalyst filling machine described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-139923 is known as a granular material supply apparatus. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 6 (a) and the front view of FIG. 6 (b), the catalyst filling machine described in this publication includes a hopper 50 for storing granular catalyst, and an electromagnetic feeder drive unit. 51a and trough 51b, which is composed of an electromagnetic feeder 51 disposed near the outlet of the hopper 50, a funnel 52 disposed at the tip of the electromagnetic feeder 51, and a conduit 53 connecting the funnel 52 and the reaction tube. Yes.
[0003]
In the above configuration, the granular catalyst sent out from the hopper 50 moves on the trough 51b by vibrating the electromagnetic feeder 51 and is sent into the funnel 52. The feeding speed of the granular catalyst is determined by the electromagnetic feeder driving portion 51a. It can be changed by adjusting the voltage applied to the. The electromagnetic feeder 51 is supported on the gantry 54 via a spring 53.
[0004]
According to the above configuration, when the granular catalyst is filled in each reaction tube constituting the multi-tube vertical reactor, the granular catalyst is prevented by bridging a large amount of granular catalyst at one time. Can be uniformly filled, and the filling operation time can be greatly shortened.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional catalyst filling machine, the transfer amount of the granular catalyst depends exclusively on the frequency of the electromagnetic feeder, so that it is difficult to accurately control the transfer amount, and more than one electromagnetic feeder is used. Since it is the structure which vibrates separately, even if a granular catalyst is uniformly filled about a certain reaction tube, it is difficult to make each of many reaction tubes into the same filling state. Moreover, the powdery matter generated during the transfer of the granular catalyst also causes a variation in the packed state of the granular catalyst. That is, when the granular catalyst is transferred using the vibration of the electromagnetic feeder, if the granular catalyst is a molded catalyst or a supported catalyst having a large amount of surface support, the generation of a powder is unavoidable during the transfer, and the powder If it moves together with the granular catalyst and enters the reaction tube, the gaps between the granular catalysts are filled with the powdery substance, increasing the pressure loss.
[0006]
As described above, when the pressure loss varies from reaction tube to reaction tube, the reaction tube with a small pressure loss causes the raw material gas to flow quickly, resulting in insufficient catalyst reaction, and vice versa. The gas flow becomes slow and the reaction becomes excessive. As a result, there arises a problem that not only the processing efficiency of the reactor constituted by a large number of reaction tubes is lowered, but also only the granular catalyst in the reaction tube in which the reaction is excessively deteriorated rapidly.
[0007]
In addition, when a powdery substance enters the reaction tube and the pressure loss of the entire reactor increases, the pump power for feeding the reaction gas to the reactor must be increased, so the pump load is reduced. As it grows, power consumption increases.
[0008]
Accordingly, in a multitubular reactor configured to perform a gas phase or liquid phase reaction, it is extremely important to balance the pressure of each reaction tube filled with a granular catalyst in order to increase the reaction efficiency.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the problems in the conventional catalyst filling machine as described above, and can reduce the pressure loss of each reaction tube filled with the granular catalyst, and can improve the reaction efficiency by uniformly arranging the reaction tubes. A granular material supply apparatus is provided.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention adjusts the amount of particulate matter discharged from the hopper by adjusting the opening of the gate, and introduces the particulate matter in a state where the discharge amount is adjusted to each passage of the trough having a plurality of passages, A granular material supply apparatus that moves a trough to a trough tip side by vibrating the trough with a vibrator that supports a plurality of passages in common, and supplies the granular material to a supply destination. This is a granular material supply device in which an inclined portion is formed so that the front end of the trough becomes higher up to the trough front end portion.
[0011]
In the granular material supply apparatus, the inclined portion can be configured by the entire trough being inclined upward, or can be configured by being partially inclined upward from a portion near the trough tip to the trough tip. it can.
[0012]
Moreover, it is preferable that the inclination | tilt angle of an inclination part is the range of 1-10 degrees, More preferably, it is the range of 1-5 degrees. When the inclination angle is less than 1 °, the powdery material moves together with the granular material and enters the supply destination, for example, the reactor, which is not preferable. In addition, if the inclination angle exceeds 10 °, the transfer rate of the granular catalyst may decrease too much and stay on the trough, and vibration by the vibrator may act excessively to generate new powder. As a result, the filling time becomes longer. When the inclination angle is in the range of 1 to 5 °, entrainment of the powdery material can be surely prevented without lowering the filling efficiency, and supply of a well-balanced granular material can be achieved.
[0013]
In the present invention, the vibrator is preferably configured to vibrate the trough obliquely upward.
[0014]
In the present invention, it is preferable to form a plurality of storage chambers partitioned by a partition wall so as to correspond to a plurality of passages in the hopper.
[0015]
The opening degree of the gate can be adjusted by a gate provided at a plurality of storage chamber outlets so as to be movable up and down.
[0016]
In the passage, it is preferable to form a discharge part for discharging the powdered material generated during the transfer of the granular material. On the other hand, it is preferable to form a sieve part near the tip of the passage. These discharge part and sieve part may each be formed independently in the trough, or may be formed in common in the same part.
[0017]
In the present invention, the shape of the granular material is not particularly limited, and may be either a regular shape or an irregular shape. Examples of the regular shape include a granular material such as a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, and a rectangular shape.
[0018]
Moreover, when the said granular material is a catalyst in this invention, the supply destination of a granular material shows each reaction tube of a multitube vertical reactor. Specifically, there is shown a reactor having a structure in which thousands of reaction tubes are assembled for use in the production of ethylene oxide, phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid and the like. In addition, the present invention is particularly suitable when a formed catalyst or a supported catalyst having a large amount of surface support is supplied.
[0019]
According to the present invention, the discharge amount of the particulate matter stored in the hopper is first adjusted by the opening degree of the gate, and the particulate matter discharged from the gate is introduced into each passage of the trough having the inclined portion. The particulate matter in each passage moves to the front end side of the trough when vibration is given to the trough by a vibrator. At this time, the granular materials come into contact with each other due to the vibration of the vibrator, and the powdery materials adhering to the surface fall out to the passage, so only the granular materials are supplied in a state where unnecessary components such as powdery materials are removed. Can be supplied to the destination. Moreover, the inclined part of the trough can prevent the powdery material accompanying the granular material or the powdery material deposited on the passage from entering the supply destination.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a configuration in the case where a granular material supply apparatus used in the granular material supply method according to the present invention is applied to a catalyst filling machine.
[0021]
In the figure, a catalyst filling machine 1 is installed at the upper part of a reactor (not shown), and the conduit P is lowered from a filling port such as a manhole, and the lower end of the conduit P is connected to the upper part of each reaction tube.
[0022]
The catalyst filling device 1 includes a hopper 2 that stores a granular catalyst as a granular material, a trough 3 that is disposed obliquely upward from the vicinity of the outlet of the hopper 2, and a vibrator 4 that vibrates the trough 3. The granular catalyst discharged from the hopper 2 is moved along each passage 3a of the trough 3, and is introduced into a conduit P connected to a reactor as a supply destination.
[0023]
Hereinafter, the configuration of each unit will be described in detail.
[0024]
A plurality of storage chambers 6 partitioned by a plurality of partition walls 5 formed in parallel to the vertical direction are provided inside the hopper 2. The rear wall surface 2a of the hopper 2 is formed with an inclination larger than the angle of repose of the granular catalyst, and a rectangular opening 2c having a bottom surface of the trough 3 as a substantially lower side is formed below the front wall surface 2b facing the rear wall surface 2a. Yes. Although the hopper 2 is disposed on the trough 3, a predetermined interval is provided so as not to collide when the trough 3 is vibrated.
[0025]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the front wall surface 2 b is provided with a first plate 7 that can be moved up and down along the front wall surface 2 b, and in parallel with the first plate 7, the transfer direction of the granular catalyst. A second plate 9 that can move up and down along the vertical wall surface of the beam member 8 is disposed on the downstream side. The first and second plates can be moved up and down independently, and can be regarded as gates for adjusting the discharge amount of the granular catalyst. Hereinafter, the first plate 7 and the second plate 9 are referred to as gates 7 and 9, respectively.
[0026]
In the gate 7 and the gate 9, long holes 7a and 9a (see FIG. 1B) are formed in the vertical direction, respectively, and the front wall 2b and the beam member 8 correspond to the long holes 7a and 9a. Are respectively provided with through-holes, the thumbscrews 10a and 10a are respectively inserted into the long holes and the through-holes, and the nuts 10b are tightened to bring the gates 7 and 9 to a desired height, that is, a desired opening width. It can be fixed with. The beam member 8 is stretched in the horizontal direction between the frames FR fixed on the movable frame 12.
[0027]
In FIG. 1, the trough 3 is mounted on the vibrator 4 in a state where the trough 3 is inclined upward by 5 ° from the upper surface HL of the vibrator 4. The trough 3 is formed of a shallow box-like member, and a number of passages 3 a corresponding to the number of the storage chambers 6 are provided in parallel in the trough 3. Therefore, the particulate catalyst discharged from the storage chamber 6 is introduced into the passage 3a as it is in the sorted state. A guide portion for guiding the granular catalyst transferred in the passage 3a into the conduit P is formed at the outlet of the passage 3a.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 3, the guide portion includes side walls 3b and 3b for converging the width of the passage 3a to the inner diameter of the conduit P, a through hole 3c drilled to the same diameter as the inner diameter d of the conduit P, It has a cylindrical portion 3d (see FIG. 1A) that has the same inner diameter d as the hole 3c and protrudes downward from the lower edge of the through-hole 3c. The cylindrical portion 3d functions as a conduit fixing portion that fixes the conduit P. The conduit P is for connecting the cylindrical portion 3d and the reaction tube, but is flexible such as rubber, vinyl chloride, or polyethylene so that it can be connected to the reaction tube in all parts of the reactor. It is preferable to use a member having a property.
[0029]
In addition, a large number of discharge holes are formed in the bottom surface of each passage 3a below the hopper 2 as discharge portions for discharging the powder generated from the granular catalyst moving in the passage 3a to the outside of the trough 3. On the other hand, near the outlet of the passage 3a (upstream from the guide portion in the direction of movement of the granular catalyst), as shown in FIG. A large number of holes 3e are formed as sieving parts. The hole 3e is made of a punching metal. By providing the hole 3e, it is possible to prevent the powdery material from entering the reaction tube and to obtain a smooth movement of the granular catalyst. It has become. In addition, a recovery box 3f (see FIG. 1 (a)) for recovering the powdered material that has fallen through the hole 3e is provided below the corresponding part of the hole 3e. When the collected granular material becomes full, it can be removed and discarded.
[0030]
The hole 3e is not limited to the punching metal, and can be configured as a slit-shaped opening. In short, a hole having an arbitrary shape can be used as long as the particulate catalyst can be passed therethrough and the powdery substance can be discharged out of the passage 3a without being sent to the through hole 3c. Thus, the trough 3 provided with the hole 3e functions as a sieving part during vibration.
[0031]
Usually, the hopper 2, trough 3, partition wall 5, storage chamber 6, plates 7, 9, and the like described above can be configured by processing various metal plates, curable resin plates, and the like. It is preferable to use, for example, stainless steel, which has excellent rust prevention and chemical resistance. Further, the surface that contacts when the granular material moves, specifically, the finishing accuracy of the wall surface of the passage 3a of the trough 3, the partition wall 5, the inner wall surface of the storage chamber 6 and the like is sufficient for normal finishing, but the Teflon coating is sufficient. Alternatively, it is preferable to reduce the frictional resistance by attaching a sheet material such as Teflon or performing surface polishing.
[0032]
The vibrator 4 is mounted on a movable frame 12 with casters 11 via a coil spring 13 and a base frame 14, and the trough 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the vibrator 4. Although this vibrator 4 can be comprised by a commercial item, it is preferable to utilize the electromagnetic type using an electromagnet. This is because by changing the voltage applied to the electromagnet, the frequency can be changed and the moving speed of the granular catalyst in the trough can be adjusted. The vibrator 4 is not limited to these, and any vibration system such as a vibrator using an eccentric motor, a so-called vibrator motor, or a pneumatic vibrator that reciprocally moves a piston by switching an air supply direction via a solenoid valve. These vibrators can be used as appropriate. Further, the direction in which the vibrator 4 is vibrated is assumed to act obliquely upward toward the tip of the trough 3.
[0033]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 denotes a control panel for controlling the operation of the vibrator 4, and reference numeral 16 denotes a relay terminal box.
[0034]
The operation of the catalyst filling apparatus having the above configuration will be described below. It is assumed that the cylindrical portion 3d and the reaction tube of the reactor are connected in advance via a conduit P.
[0035]
When each storage chamber 6 of the hopper 2 is filled with a required amount of granular catalyst and the power switch of the vibrator 4 provided in the control panel 15 is turned on, the vibrator 4 vibrates the trough 3, and the granular catalyst in the hopper 2. Is discharged into the passage 3a while the discharge amount is regulated by the gates 7 and 9.
[0036]
Since the vibration direction of the vibrator 4 acts in an obliquely upward direction, the granular catalyst sent into the passage 3a moves along the trough 3 toward the cylindrical portion 3d that is the tip thereof. At this time, the granular material on the trough 3 travels along the inclined passage as the inclined portion, and therefore the moving speed is slower than that of the trough arranged in the horizontal direction. And by receiving a vibration in the state which the residence time on the trough 3 increased, the granular catalyst contacts and the powdery substance adhering to the surface falls off.
[0037]
Furthermore, since a hole 3e as a sieving part is provided on the exit side of the passage 3a of the trough 3, even if the powdery material dropped from the granular catalyst moves to the tip side of the trough 3, the hole 3e It falls and is discharged outside the passage 3a. As a result, only the granular catalyst from which the powder is completely removed is introduced into the cylindrical portion 3d of the guide portion in the passage 3a. In this way, the granular catalyst continuously falling little by little from the cylindrical portion 3d is filled into the reaction tube via the conduit P.
[0038]
In addition, although the inclined part in this invention was comprised with the trough inclined upwards as a whole in the said embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, about the channel | path of the gate exit part 31a in the trough 31, it is horizontal. It can also be configured by a trough that is disposed and the passage 31b ahead is inclined.
[0039]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the gate according to the present invention is composed of two plates. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the gate can be composed of a number of plates equal to or less than that. Further, the height of the gate is preferably adjusted based on the form of the granular catalyst, the transfer amount, etc., and the raising and lowering of the gate is not limited to the manual adjustment shown in the above embodiment, but a stepping motor, a gear mechanism, etc. It can also be automated.
[0040]
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described catalyst filling device for charging the granular catalyst into the reactor. If the hopper outlet is provided in one place and a fan-like trough is provided at the outlet, it is granular with respect to a wide conveyor or the like. It is also possible to supply things. That is, by changing the shape of the trough, it becomes possible to supply the granular material in a state in which the powdery material is removed to a supply destination apparatus having various configurations.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the granular material whose supply amount is adjusted by the opening of the gate is discharged onto the trough, and only the granular material from which the powdery material has been removed is supplied to the supply destination. Supplied. Therefore, when the supply destination is a reactor, it is possible to prevent the powdery material from entering into each reaction tube and to uniformly fill the granular catalyst. Therefore, the pressure loss of each reaction tube can be made low and uniform, and the reaction efficiency can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of a catalyst filling machine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a gate portion in FIG.
3 is a plan view of a principal part showing a configuration of a passage tip portion of FIG. 1; FIG.
4 is a plan view of the main part showing the configuration of the trough tip portion of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing another configuration of the trough of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of a conventional catalyst filling machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Catalyst Filling Machine 2 Hopper 3 Trough 3a Passage 3d Tube 3e Hole 3f Recovery Box 4 Vibrator 5 Partition Wall 6 Storage Chambers 7 and 9 Gate

Claims (7)

The amount of particulate matter discharged from the hopper is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the gate, and the particulate matter in a state in which the amount of discharge is adjusted is introduced into each passage of a trough having a plurality of passages, and the plurality of passages A granular material supply device for moving the granular material to the tip end side of the trough and supplying it to a supply destination by vibrating the trough with a vibrator that supports
The granular material supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the trough is formed with an inclined portion so that the trough tip becomes higher from the trough tip to at least a portion near the trough tip. The granular material supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vibrator is configured to vibrate the trough in an obliquely upward direction. The granular material supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of storage chambers partitioned by a partition wall are formed in the hopper so as to correspond to the plurality of passages. The granular material supply apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the opening degree of the gate is adjusted by a gate provided to be movable up and down at the plurality of storage chamber outlets. The granular material supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a discharge portion for discharging the powdery material is formed in the passage. The granular material supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a sieving part is formed near a tip of the passage. The granular material supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the granular material is a catalyst, and the supply destination is each reaction tube of a multi-tube vertical reactor.

Images