JP4185722B2 - Gas compressor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a vane rotary type gas compressor used for an air conditioner for a vehicle or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A gas compressor used for compressing a refrigerant such as an air conditioner is provided with a rotor provided with a plurality of vanes in a cylinder having an inner peripheral surface arranged in a compressor case and having a substantially elliptical shape. The partitioned space forms a compression chamber that repeats volume changes, and the refrigerant gas sucked into the compression chamber from the suction port is compressed and discharged from the discharge port.
[0003]
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing such a conventional gas compressor, and FIG. 8 is a view showing a cylinder and a rotor in a section taken along the line CC in FIG.
In the compressor case 10, a cylinder 40 having an approximately elliptical inner periphery is disposed between the front side block 20 and the rear side block 30 ′, and a rotor 50 having a plurality of vanes 58 is provided in the cylinder 40 so as to be rotatable. It has been.
[0004]
A plurality of slit-like vane grooves 56 are radially formed on the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor 50, and vanes 58 are attached to these vane grooves 56, respectively. The vane 58 is urged toward the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 40 by centrifugal force and hydraulic pressure applied to the back pressure chamber 59 formed at the bottom of the vane groove 56 when the rotor 50 rotates. The inside of the cylinder 40 is partitioned into a plurality of small chambers by a rotor 50 and a vane 58, and a compression chamber 48 is formed that repeatedly changes in volume as the rotor 50 rotates.
The refrigerant gas flowing into the front suction chamber 13 from the refrigerant gas suction port 14 is sucked into the compression chamber 48 from the suction port 22 formed in the front side block 20. The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 42 to the rear discharge chamber 15 is sent out from the refrigerant gas discharge port 16.
A cyclone block 60 including an oil separator 62 is attached to the rear side block 30 ′.
[0005]
Lubricating oil stored in the discharge chamber 15 is guided for lubrication in the through-supporting hole 32 portion of the rotating shaft 51 and supply of hydraulic pressure to the back pressure chamber 59 of the vane groove 56. That is, an oil passage 33 that opens to the bottom of the discharge chamber 15 and reaches the side wall of the through support hole 32 is formed in the rear side block 30 ′, and a vane groove 56 is formed on the surface of the rear side block 30 that faces the rotor 50. A recess 35 is provided so as to communicate with the back pressure chamber 59.
[0006]
Then, the sealed space R between the cyclone block 60 and the rear side block 30 and the concave portion 35 are connected by the communication passage 34, and are pushed by the discharge pressure of the discharge chamber 15 to reach the side wall of the through support hole 32 through the oil passage 33. The lubricating oil flows through the gap between the through support hole 32 and the rotary shaft 51 to the sealed space R, flows into the recess 35 by the communication path 34, and passes through the gap between the through support hole 32 and the rotary shaft 51. Some flows into the recess 35.
The lubricating oil in the sealed space R is depressurized by the throttling action when the lubricating oil at the discharge pressure passes through the minute gap between the through support hole 32 and the rotating shaft 51, and becomes an intermediate pressure state lower than the discharge pressure during operation. .
[0007]
Further, the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 42 (see FIG. 8) to the discharge chamber 15 is supplied to the concave portion 35 through the valve 70. That is, the rear side block 30 ′ is further provided with a valve 70 including a spring 73 and a ball 72 between the discharge path 39 from the discharge port 42 to the oil separator 62 of the cyclone block 60 and the recess 35.
FIG. 9 is a view showing the arrangement of the valve 70 when the rear side block 30 is viewed from the cyclone block 60 side, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view around the valve 70.
A discharge path 39 is formed in the rear side block 30 ′ from the hole 65 communicating with the discharge chamber 44 (see FIG. 8) where the discharge port 42 is opened to the oil separator 62, and the ball accommodating chamber 74 of the valve 70 is formed in the discharge path 39. linked.
[0008]
The valve 70 guides the discharge pressure from the discharge passage 39 to the recess 35 and supplies it to the back pressure chamber 59 of the vane groove 56 when the rotation starts from the stopped state of the rotor 50. Thereby, the vane 58 is reliably urged to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 40, and chattering at the time of activation is prevented.
On the other hand, the pressure on the concave portion 35 is unnecessary if the vane 58 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder to suppress chattering. Therefore, after the pressure of the concave portion 35 reaches the required P1, the ball 72 deflects the spring 73 when the differential pressure between the pressure applied to the valve 70 and the pressure of the concave portion 35 reaches a predetermined value B. By closing, the high pressure gas is not supplied, and the required pressure P1 is set so that chattering does not occur.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional gas compressor, the pressure applied to the valve 70 follows the path from the discharge port 42 through the reed valve 43 to be discharged to the outside of the cylinder and then through the discharge path 39. (B), when the rotor 50 starts rotating and reaches the required P1, the pressure difference between the pressure applied to the valve 70 (pressure outside the ball) and the pressure in the recess 35 reaches a predetermined value B. T1 has been applied for a long time. In the figure, X represents the pressure in the recess 35, and Y represents the change in the pressure in the ball housing chamber 74.
[0010]
Therefore, a pressure that greatly exceeds the appropriate pressure P1 is supplied to the recess 35 without closing the valve 70, thereby extending the state in which the vane 58 is pressed more than necessary against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 40 and rotated. As a result, it will prevent you from demonstrating sufficient ability.
Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention quickly creates a differential pressure across the valve after startup, shortens the chattering time, and closes the valve so that the vane is not pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder more than necessary. An object of the present invention is to provide a gas compressor.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, in the present invention of claim 1, a plurality of vanes forming a compression chamber are held in a vane groove in a cylinder whose inner peripheral surface is disposed between two side blocks in a compressor case. The rotor of the side block on the discharge chamber side is provided in a gas compressor in which a rotor is provided with its rotation shaft supported by both side blocks, a suction chamber is disposed on one side block side, and a discharge chamber is disposed on the other side block side. Is provided on the surface facing the vane groove so as to communicate with the back pressure chamber of the vane groove, and this recess is connected to the discharge port in the compression chamber of the cylinder via a valve so that the rotor is stopped. When the pressure immediately before the discharge port in the compression chamber of the cylinder and the back pressure chamber in the vane groove are in communication, and the rotor starts to rotate and the differential pressure across the valve reaches a predetermined value, the communication between the compression chamber and the back pressure chamber is cut off. Ru It was to have been constructed sea urchin.
[0012]
In the invention of claim 2, the valve is provided in the side block on the discharge chamber side. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in particular, the valve includes a ball housed in the ball housing chamber and a spring for biasing the ball away from the seating portion, and the passage hole opening in the seating portion is formed in the recess. The side block on the discharge chamber side is provided with a gas flow path having one end opened upstream from the ball position in the ball storage chamber of the valve in the open state and the other end opened to the compression chamber of the cylinder. It was supposed to be.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
A compressor case 10 is formed by a housing 11 of one end opening type and a front head 12 attached to the opening side thereof. A cylinder 40 having a substantially elliptical inner periphery is disposed between the front side block 20 and the rear side block 30 in the housing 11, and a rotor 50 including a plurality of vanes 58 is rotatably provided in the cylinder 40. Yes.
[0014]
A rotary shaft 51 that rotates integrally with the rotor 50 passes through the front side block 20, the front end side extends from the lip seal 18 of the compressor case end wall to the outside of the front head 12, and the rear end is a through hole provided in the rear side block 30. It is supported by the support hole 32. An electromagnetic clutch 25 having a pulley 24 is attached to the front end of the rotary shaft 51 so as to receive a rotational driving force from a crank pulley of an engine (not shown).
[0015]
In particular, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of slit-like vane grooves 56 are radially formed on the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor 50, and vanes 58 are respectively attached to these vane grooves 56. The vane 58 is urged toward the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 40 by centrifugal force and hydraulic pressure applied to the back pressure chamber 59 formed at the bottom of the vane groove 56 when the rotor 50 rotates. The inside of the cylinder 40 is partitioned into a plurality of small chambers by a rotor 50 and a vane 58, and a compression chamber 48 is formed that repeatedly changes in volume as the rotor 50 rotates. As a result, a vane rotary compressor is formed.
[0016]
A front-side suction chamber 13 having a refrigerant gas suction port 14 is formed between the front head 12 and the front side block 20.
The front side block 20 has a suction port 22 that allows the front suction chamber 13 and the compression chamber 48 to communicate with each other.
[0017]
The refrigerant gas flowing into the front suction chamber 13 from the refrigerant gas suction port 14 is sucked into the compression chamber 48 from the suction port 22 formed in the front side block 20.
[0018]
A discharge chamber 15 is formed between the sealed side of the housing 11 and the rear side block 30 and includes a refrigerant gas discharge port 16.
A cyclone block 60 having an oil separator 62 is attached to the discharge chamber 15 side of the rear side block 30. The cyclone block 60 forms a sealed space R with a seal ring 64 sandwiched between the cyclone block 60 and the boss portion 38 in which the through support hole 32 of the rear side block 30 that supports the rear end of the rotating shaft 51 is formed.
[0019]
In the vicinity of the short diameter portion of the cylinder 40, the discharge chamber 44 is cut out at the outer peripheral portion to form a thin portion, and the discharge port 42 is opened in the thin portion. A reed valve 43 is provided at the discharge port 42.
The refrigerant gas discharged from the discharge port 42 is discharged from the discharge chamber 44 to the discharge chamber 15 via the oil separator 62.
The suction port 22 and the discharge port 42 are provided at two positions along the periphery of the cylinder 40 symmetrically with respect to the rotation shaft 51 of the rotor 50.
[0020]
When the rotor 50 rotates, the refrigerant gas flowing into the refrigerant gas intake port 14 is drawn from the front suction chamber 13 through the suction port 22 into the compression chamber 48. The refrigerant gas is compressed in the compression chamber 48, discharged from the discharge port 42 through the reed valve 43, and supplied to the outside through the discharge chamber 15 from the refrigerant gas discharge port 16.
[0021]
An oil passage 33 is formed in the rear side block 30 so as to open to the bottom of the discharge chamber 15 and reach the side wall of the through support hole 32. A back pressure of the vane groove 56 is formed on a surface of the rear side block 30 facing the rotor 50. A recess 35 is provided so as to communicate with the chamber 59.
A sealed space R between the cyclone block 60 and the rear side block 30 and the recess 35 are connected by a communication path 34.
[0022]
The lubricating oil which is pushed by the discharge pressure of the discharge chamber 15 and reaches the side wall of the through support hole 32 through the oil passage 33 flows into the sealed space R through the gap between the through support hole 32 and the rotary shaft 51, and then Some flow into the recess 35 by the communication path 34, and some flow into the recess 35 through the gap between the through support hole 32 and the rotation shaft 51.
The lubricating oil in the sealed space R is decompressed by the throttling action when the lubricating oil at the discharge pressure passes through the minute gap between the through support hole 32 and the rotating shaft 51, and is in an intermediate pressure state that is slightly close to the discharge pressure. . This intermediate pressure is also an average pressure of the plurality of vane back pressures because the sealed space R communicates with the recess 35 by the communication passage 34 and thus communicates with the back pressure chambers 59 of the plurality of vane grooves 56.
[0023]
The rear side block 30 is further provided with a valve 70 connected to the recess 35. 3A is a view of the half of the rear side block 30 as viewed from the cylinder 40 side, FIG. 3B is a view of the rear side block 30 as viewed from the cyclone block 60 side, and FIG. 4 is a BB portion in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view.
The valve 70 includes a spring 73 and a ball 72, and a passage hole 76 that opens to a seating portion 75 of the ball 72 is connected to the recess 35. On the other hand, one end of the gas flow path 78 is opened upstream of the position of the ball 72 in the open state in the ball housing chamber 74. The other end of the gas flow path 78 opens into the compression chamber immediately before the discharge port 42 of the cylinder.
[0024]
When the rotor 50 is stopped, the ball 72 is urged by the spring 73 so as to be separated from the seating portion 75. Therefore, the valve 70 is in an open state, and the recess 35 connected to the back pressure chamber 59 and the compression chamber of the cylinder 40 are in communication with each other through the gas flow path 78 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. When the rotor 50 starts rotating from this state, the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber immediately before the discharge port 42 is guided to the concave portion 35 and supplied to the back pressure chamber 59 of the vane groove 56. It is reliably urged to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 40 to prevent chattering at the time of activation.
[0025]
Subsequently, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 5, the high-pressure refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber is directly supplied from the gas flow path 78 to the valve 70 without bypassing the outside of the cylinder. As shown in a), the differential pressure value between the pressure applied to the valve 70 (the pressure in the ball housing chamber 74) and the pressure in the recess 35 in a very short time T0 after the pressure in the recess 35 reaches the required P1 is predetermined. B is reached and the valve 70 is closed.
[0026]
Returning to FIG. 1, a through hole 46 connected to the oil passage 33 of the rear side block 30 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 40, and the through hole 46 and the front side are formed in the oil passage 26 formed in the front side block 20. The rotation shaft support portion 23 of the block 20 is connected, and the lubricating oil is guided to the recess portion 27 formed on the surface of the support portion 23 and the front side block 20 facing the rotor 50.
[0027]
The embodiment is configured as described above, and in the vane rotary compressor, a valve 70 including a ball 72 accommodated in the ball accommodating chamber 74 and a spring 73 that urges the ball away from the seating portion 75. Is provided in the rear side block 30, and a passage hole 76 that opens to the seating portion 75 of the valve 70 is communicated with the recess 35 that communicates with the back pressure chamber 59 of the vane groove. A gas flow path 78 having one end opened upstream from the position of the ball 72 in the open state in the ball housing chamber 74 and the other end opened immediately before the discharge port 42 of the compression chamber in the cylinder 40 is provided.
Thereby, when the rotation of the rotor 50 starts, the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber is supplied to the back pressure chamber 59 of the vane groove 56, and the vane 58 is reliably urged to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 40 to start up. In addition to preventing chattering, the high-pressure refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber immediately before the discharge port 42 is directly supplied to the valve 70 without bypassing the outside of the cylinder, so that the valve 70 is closed in a very short time. It is possible to prevent the pressing force of the vane 58 from being increased unnecessarily due to the above pressure being applied to the back pressure chamber 59.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in the vane rotary type compressor, the concave portion arranged in the side block on the discharge chamber side so as to communicate with the back pressure chamber of the vane groove is located immediately before the discharge port in the compression chamber of the cylinder via the valve. In the stopped state of the rotor, the state immediately before the discharge port in the compression chamber of the cylinder and the back pressure chamber of the vane groove are in communication with each other, and compression starts when the rotor starts to rotate and the differential pressure across the valve reaches a predetermined value. Since the communication between the chamber and the back pressure chamber is cut off, the vane is reliably urged to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder at the start of rotation of the rotor to prevent chattering at the start, After that, the valve is closed in a very short time, so that it is possible to prevent the vane pressing force from being unnecessarily increased due to an excessive pressure, and the ability as a compressor is sufficiently exhibited.
[0029]
In particular, the valve is provided with a ball 72 accommodated in the ball accommodating chamber and a spring for urging the ball away from the seating portion, provided in the side block on the discharge chamber side, and a passage hole opened in the seating portion. A gas flow path having one end opened upstream of the ball position in the ball storage chamber of the valve in the open state and the other end opened in the compression chamber of the cylinder is connected to the side block on the same discharge chamber side. By providing all the mechanisms for preventing chattering are formed on the side block on the discharge chamber side, it is realized in a compact manner.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a rear side block.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a valve.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the valve.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the response of a valve in comparison with a conventional example.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional example.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line CC in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a view showing the arrangement of a conventional valve.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view around a conventional valve.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Compressor case 11 Housing 12 Front head 13 Suction chamber 14 Refrigerant gas suction port 15 Discharge chamber 16 Refrigerant gas discharge port 20 Front side block 22 Suction port 23 Rotating shaft support part 24 Pulley 25 Electromagnetic clutch 26 Oil path 27 Recess 30 Rear side block ( Side block on the discharge chamber side)
32 Through support hole 33 Oil passage 34 Communication passage 35 Recess 38 Boss portion 39 Discharge passage 40 Cylinder 42 Discharge port 43 Reed valve 44 Discharge chamber 46 Through hole 48 Compression chamber 50 Rotor 51 Rotating shaft 56 Vane groove 58 Vane 59 Back pressure chamber 60 Cyclone block 62 Oil separator 64 Seal ring 65 Hole 70 Valve 72 Ball 73 Spring 74 Ball storage chamber 75 Seating portion 76 Passage hole 78 Gas flow path R Sealed space

Claims (3)

A rotor that holds a plurality of vanes forming a compression chamber in a vane groove in a cylinder with an inner surface substantially sandwiched between two side blocks in a compressor case, and the rotation axis of both sides of the rotor block. In a gas compressor provided with support, a suction chamber on one side block side, and a discharge chamber on the other side block side,
The surface facing the rotor of the side block on the discharge chamber side is provided with a recess arranged to communicate with the back pressure chamber of the vane groove,
The recess is connected to a discharge port in the compression chamber of the cylinder via a valve;
In a stopped state of the rotor, a state immediately before the discharge port in the compression chamber of the cylinder and a back pressure chamber of the vane groove are in communication with each other, and the compression starts when the differential pressure across the valve reaches a predetermined value when the rotor starts to rotate. A gas compressor characterized in that communication between the chamber and the back pressure chamber is blocked.   The gas compressor according to claim 1, wherein the valve is provided in a side block on the discharge chamber side. The valve includes a ball housed in a ball housing chamber and a spring that biases the ball away from the seating portion, and a passage hole that opens in the seating portion is communicated with the recess.
The side block on the discharge chamber side is provided with a gas flow path having one end opened upstream of the ball position in the ball storage chamber of the valve when opened and the other end opened to the compression chamber of the cylinder. The gas compressor according to claim 2, wherein the gas compressor is provided.

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