JP4179091B2 - Power distribution circuit and frequency multiplier - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technical field such as a power distribution circuit used in a microwave / millimeter wave band, for example.

  Conventionally, many Wilkinson power distribution circuits and their improvements have been proposed as circuits for distributing power of the same frequency in the microwave and millimeter wave bands equally or in any ratio. On the other hand, many power distribution circuits that separate and extract the fundamental wave component and the harmonic component from the power in which the fundamental wave and the harmonic wave are mixed have not been proposed. A conventional power distribution circuit that separates fundamental waves and harmonics will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional power distribution circuit that separates a fundamental wave (frequency f0) and a second harmonic (frequency 2f0). As shown in FIG. 17, this conventional power distribution circuit includes a fundamental wave output circuit 54 and a second harmonic output circuit 55, and the fundamental wave output circuit 54 includes an inductive element 54a and a capacitive element 54b. The second harmonic output circuit 55 is composed of a low-pass filter, and is composed of a high-pass filter composed of an inductive element 55b and a capacitive element 55a.

  In the low-pass filter, the values of the inductive elements 54a and the capacitive elements 54b are set so as to pass the fundamental wave power with a low loss and block the second and higher harmonic components with a sufficient suppression ratio.

  On the other hand, in the high-pass filter, the values of the inductive elements 55b and the capacitive elements 55a are set so that the second and higher harmonic components pass with a low loss and the fundamental wave components are blocked with a sufficient suppression ratio.

  When power including at least a fundamental wave component and a second harmonic component is input from the input terminal 51, the fundamental wave power is transmitted from the fundamental wave output terminal 52, and the second harmonic power is transmitted from the second harmonic output terminal 53. It is output.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram showing another configuration example of a conventional power distribution circuit that separates the fundamental wave (f0) and the second harmonic (2f0). As shown in FIG. 18, this conventional power distribution circuit is also configured to include a fundamental wave output circuit 54 and a second harmonic output circuit 55. The fundamental wave output circuit 54 includes inductive elements 54c and 54f and a capacitive element 54d. , 54e, and the second harmonic output circuit 55 is composed of inductive elements 55c and 55f and capacitive elements 55d and 55e.

  The band-pass filter of the fundamental wave output circuit 54 passes the fundamental wave power with a low loss and blocks the inductive elements 54c and 54f and the capacitive elements 54d and 54e so as to block frequency components outside the fundamental wave band with a sufficient suppression ratio. The value of is set.

  On the other hand, the bandpass filter of the second harmonic output circuit 55 passes each second harmonic component with a low loss and blocks each inductive element 55c so as to block the frequency component outside the second harmonic band with a sufficient suppression ratio. 55f and capacitance elements 55d and 55e are set.

  When power including at least a fundamental wave component and a second harmonic component is input from the input terminal 51, the fundamental wave power is transmitted from the fundamental wave output terminal 52, and the second harmonic power is transmitted from the second harmonic output terminal 53. It is output.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional power distribution circuit that separates the fundamental wave (f0) and the nth harmonic (nf0: n is any integer of 2 or more). A circuit example as shown in FIG. 19 is disclosed in Patent Document 1. This power distribution circuit includes a fundamental wave output circuit 54 and an nth harmonic output circuit 57. The fundamental wave output circuit 54 includes a fundamental wave output line 54g, and the nth harmonic output circuit 57 has a high frequency. An output line 57h and an amplifier 57g are included. The amplifier 57g is designed to have a frequency characteristic that amplifies only the nth harmonic.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating another configuration example of the conventional power distribution circuit that separates the fundamental wave and the nth harmonic. A circuit example as shown in FIG. 20 is also disclosed in Patent Document 1. This power distribution circuit is also configured to include a fundamental wave output circuit 54 and an nth harmonic output circuit 57, and the fundamental wave output circuit 54 has an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the nth harmonic frequency (nf0). A transmission line 61 having an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at an nth harmonic frequency (nf 0) connected in parallel to the transmission line 61, and a transmission line connected in series to the transmission line 61. 63. On the other hand, the nth-order harmonic output circuit 57 includes a transmission line 64 having an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the fundamental frequency (f0), a center frequency at the nth-order harmonic frequency, and an input terminal at the fundamental frequency. It is comprised from the band pass filter 65 which has a short circuit point.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-114522

  However, the conventional power distribution circuit as shown in FIG. 17 or 18 uses a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, and a band-pass filter composed of a large number of inductive elements and capacitive elements. Such a filter has a complicated configuration, and there is a problem that it is difficult to ensure design accuracy particularly in a high frequency band.

  Further, in the conventional power distribution circuit as shown in FIG. 19, since an amplifier 57g having frequency selectivity is used, as pointed out in Patent Document 1, miniaturization is difficult, power consumption is increased, and manufacturing cost is increased. There was a problem of increase.

  In the conventional power distribution circuit as shown in FIG. 20, the open-ended stub 62 provided in the fundamental wave output circuit 54 affects the input impedance Z1a of the fundamental wave output circuit 54 in the fundamental wave. Due to this influence, there is a problem that a part of the fundamental wave power is reflected and the characteristics as a power distribution circuit deteriorate. Further, since the band pass filter 65 is used on the nth harmonic output circuit 57 side, there is a problem that the circuit configuration is complicated and it is difficult to ensure the design accuracy.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has a simple configuration, a power distribution circuit that separates the fundamental wave and the second harmonic, and the fundamental wave and the 2 ^k harmonic (k = 1, 2). ,..., N) are sequentially provided to provide a power distribution circuit or the like.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a power distribution circuit according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a fundamental wave output unit that outputs a fundamental wave included in an input wave input from an input terminal to a fundamental wave output terminal, and the input terminal. A second harmonic output means for outputting the second harmonic contained in the input wave to the second harmonic output terminal, wherein the fundamental wave output means comprises the fundamental wave Comprising an interdigital capacitor having an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at a frequency of, and the interdigital capacitor is interposed between the input terminal and the fundamental wave output terminal, The second harmonic output means includes a first transmission line having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength of the fundamental wave frequency, and ± around a quarter wavelength of the fundamental wave frequency. 10% With a top end open stub having an electrical length of circumference, wherein the first transmission line is interposed between the second harmonic output from the input terminal, terminal of the open stub is characterized that you have provided between said second harmonic wave output terminal from said first transmission line.

  In the power distribution circuit according to the first invention, the frequency of the fundamental wave has a predetermined width with a center frequency as a reference, and the interdigital capacitor, the first transmission line, and the open end Each of the stubs has an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the fundamental wave.

  In the power distribution circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention, the characteristic impedance of the first transmission line may be before and after the load impedance connected to the input terminal, the fundamental wave output terminal, and the second harmonic output terminal. It is characterized by being in the range of 10%.

  Further, the power distribution circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention has a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength of the fundamental wave frequency between the branch point of the open-ended stub and the second harmonic output terminal. A second transmission line having an electrical length is interposed.

  In the power distribution circuit according to the first invention, characteristic impedances of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected to the input terminal, the fundamental wave output terminal, and the second harmonic output terminal. The load impedance is in the range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance.

A power distribution circuit according to a second aspect of the present invention provides a 2 ^(k−1) order harmonic output terminal that converts a 2 ^(k−1) order harmonic contained in an input wave input from a k th (k is a natural number) input terminal. 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic output means for outputting to the k-th output terminal and harmonics excluding the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic included in the input wave input from the k-th input terminal the k output means, and the k power distribution circuit wherein the first k output from the output terminal the (k + 1) 2 ^k harmonic of 2 ^k th harmonic contained in harmonics input from the input terminal to ^2k order harmonic output means for outputting to the wave output terminal and harmonics excluding the 2 ^k order harmonic contained in the input wave input from the (k + 1) th input terminal are output to the (k + 1) th output terminal. A power distribution circuit comprising: a (k + 1) th power distribution circuit comprising: (k + 1) th output means. A is the 2 ^(k-1) th harmonic components output means, said 2 ^(k-1) k-th inter having an electrical length of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the harmonics The k-th interdigital capacitor is interposed between the k-th input terminal and the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic output terminal, and the k-th output means includes ^(K−1) the k-th transmission line having an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after the quarter wavelength at the frequency of the second harmonic, and the quarter wavelength at the frequency of the second ^(k−1) harmonic. A k-th open end stub having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after the k-th transmission line is interposed between the k-th input terminal and the k-th output terminal, The k-th open end stub is connected to the k-th output terminal from the k-th transmission line. Provided between said 2 ^k harmonic output means comprises a (k + 1) th interdigital capacitor having an electrical length of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the 2 ^k-th harmonic The (k + 1) -th interdigital capacitor is interposed between the (k + 1) -th input terminal and the 2 ^k-th order harmonic output terminal, and the (k + 1) -th output means has the 2 ^k-th order output means. and the (k + 1) transmission line having an electrical length of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the harmonic, of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the 2 ^k-th harmonic An (k + 1) th open end stub having an electrical length, and the (k + 1) th transmission line is interposed between the (k + 1) th input terminal and the (k + 1) th output terminal, (K + 1) tip open Stub, and the first (k + 1) from said transmission line (k + 1) th feature that you have provided between the output terminal.

In the power distribution circuit according to the second invention, the frequency of the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic has a predetermined width with a center frequency as a reference, and the k-th interdigital capacitor, Each of the k-th transmission line and the k-th open end stub has an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic. The (k + 1) interdigital capacitor, the (k + 1) -th transmission line, and the (k + 1) -th open-ended stub are each within a range of ± 10% around a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the 2 ^k- order harmonic. It has an electrical length.

The power distribution circuit according to the second invention is characterized in that the characteristic impedances of the k-th transmission line and the (k + 1) -th transmission line are the k-th input terminal, the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic output terminal, It is a range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance connected to the 2 ^k order harmonic output terminal and the (k + 1) th output terminal.

A power distribution circuit according to a second aspect of the present invention provides a ¼ wavelength at a frequency of the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic between the branch point of the k-th open end stub and the k-th output terminal. A second k-th transmission line having an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after is inserted, and the 2 ^k-th order is ^placed between the branch point of the (k + 1) -end open stub and the (k + 1) -th output terminal. A second (k + 1) th transmission line having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at a harmonic frequency is interposed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power distribution circuit including characteristic impedances of the kth transmission line, the second kth transmission line, the (k + 1) th transmission line, and the second (k + 1) th transmission line. Is a range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance connected to the k-th input terminal, the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic output terminal, the 2 ^k- order harmonic output terminal, and the (k + 1) -th output terminal It is characterized by being.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power distribution circuit in which the (k + 1) th input terminal of the (k + 1) th power distribution circuit and the kth output terminal of the kth power distribution circuit are connected, and at least 3 The above power distribution circuits are sequentially connected in series.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power distribution circuit in which a (k + 1) th input terminal of the (k + 1) th power distribution circuit is connected to a kth output terminal of the kth power distribution circuit. At least three or more power distribution circuits from a power distribution circuit to an nth (n is a natural number) power distribution circuit are sequentially connected in series, the first transmission line to the nth transmission line, and the second second power distribution circuit. The characteristic impedance from the first transmission line to the second nth transmission line is connected from the first input terminal and the first harmonic output terminal to the second ^{(n-1) th} harmonic output terminal and the nth output terminal. The load impedance is in the range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance.

  A frequency multiplier according to a third aspect of the invention is a frequency multiplier that receives fundamental wave power and outputs a mixed wave including at least fundamental wave power and second harmonic power, and a power distribution circuit according to the first aspect of the invention. The output terminal of the multiplication circuit and the input terminal of the power distribution circuit are connected.

A frequency multiplier according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is a frequency multiplier that receives fundamental wave power and outputs a mixed wave including at least fundamental wave power and 2 ^k- order harmonic power (k is a natural number from 1 to n); The power distribution circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided, wherein an output terminal of the multiplication circuit and an input terminal of the power distribution circuit are connected.

  In the frequency multiplier according to the third or fourth aspect of the invention, the multiplier circuit is provided on an active element, an input matching circuit and a bias supply circuit provided on an input side of the active element, and an output side of the active element. And an output matching circuit, a bias supply circuit, and a fundamental wave termination circuit.

  In the frequency multiplier according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, the fundamental wave termination circuit includes an open-ended stub and a resistor having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency. It is configured.

  In the frequency multiplier according to the third or fourth invention, the resistor is a variable resistor.

According to the above invention, the fundamental wave and the second harmonic can be separated and output with a simple circuit configuration. Further, with a simple circuit configuration, from an input wave including a fundamental wave and 2 ⁱ (i = 1, 2,..., N) order harmonics, the fundamental wave and 2 ⁱ (i = 1, 2,...・, N) The second harmonics can be separated and output sequentially.

  Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
First, the configuration of the power distribution circuit (power distributor) in the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power distribution circuit according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the power distribution circuit D <b> 1 includes an input terminal 1, a fundamental wave output terminal 2, a second harmonic output terminal 3, and a fundamental wave (basic wave included in an input wave input from the input terminal 1. Wave component) from the fundamental wave output terminal 2 as a fundamental wave output means 4 and 2nd harmonics (second harmonic components) included in the input wave input from the input terminal 1 And a second harmonic output circuit 5 as a second harmonic output means for outputting from the second harmonic output terminal 3.

  The fundamental wave output circuit 4 has an electrical length (preferably fundamental wave frequency) in the range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength (λ) at the fundamental wave frequency (f0) (hereinafter referred to as “fundamental wave frequency”). In the following description, the electrical length is within a range of ± 5% of the quarter wavelength in FIG. 1, but in the following description, the electrical length is a quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency). Yes.

  The second harmonic output circuit 5 has an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after the quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency (preferably an electrical length in the range of ± 5% before and after the quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency. In the following description, the transmission line 7 is a first transmission line having an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the fundamental frequency, and ± 10% before and after the ¼ wavelength at the fundamental frequency. (Desirably, the electrical length is in the range of ± 5% before and after the quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency, but in the following description, the electrical length is at the quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency) The transmission line 7 is inserted between the input terminal 1 and the second harmonic output terminal 3, and the terminal opening stub 8 is a transmission line. Branch from 7 to the second harmonic output terminal 3 ( The second harmonic output terminal 3 side of the feed line 7 are connected in parallel) are provided. The characteristic impedance of the transmission line 7 is set to be in a range of ± 10% before and after the system impedance (load impedance connected to the input terminal 1, the fundamental wave output terminal 2, and the second harmonic output terminal 3). (In the following description, it is assumed that the characteristic impedance of the transmission line 7 is equal to the system impedance). In the example of FIG. 1, the interdigital capacitor 6 is configured with two fingers, but may be configured with a larger number of fingers.

  Next, the operation of the power distribution circuit in the first embodiment will be described.

  As described above, the interdigital capacitor 6 constituting the fundamental wave output circuit 4 is designed to have an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the fundamental frequency, and thus allows fundamental wave power to pass through with low loss, and Second harmonic (frequency: 2f0) component is blocked with a sufficient suppression ratio. The input impedance Z1a in which the fundamental wave output circuit 4 is expected from the input terminal 1 is the system impedance Z0 (load impedance connected to the input terminal 1, the fundamental wave output terminal 2, and the second harmonic output terminal 3) at the fundamental frequency. And is open at the second harmonic frequency (2f0) (hereinafter referred to as "second harmonic frequency").

  On the other hand, the second harmonic output circuit 5 includes a transmission line 7 having an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the fundamental frequency and an open-ended stub 8 having an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the fundamental frequency. Therefore, the input impedance Z1b allowing the second harmonic output circuit 5 from the input terminal 1 is opened at the fundamental frequency. Therefore, the fundamental wave component is blocked by the second harmonic output circuit 5. On the other hand, at the second harmonic frequency, the input impedance Zos of the open end stub 8 is open. That is, the open end stub 8 does not affect the second harmonic component. Since the characteristic impedance of the transmission line 7 is equal to the system impedance Z0, Z1b is equal to Z0 at the second harmonic frequency. Accordingly, the second harmonic (second harmonic) component passes through the second harmonic output circuit 5 without being reflected.

  As described above, when mixed wave power as an input wave including at least a fundamental wave and a second harmonic is input from the input terminal 1, the fundamental wave power is output to the fundamental wave output terminal 2, and the second harmonic output terminal. However, the second harmonic power is not output to the fundamental wave output terminal 2 and is not output to the fundamental wave output terminal 2.

  Next, the isolation characteristic of the power distribution circuit D1 in the first embodiment will be described. Based on the same principle as described above, the input impedance Z2 of the fundamental wave output terminal 2 is open at the second harmonic frequency, and the input impedance Z3 at the second harmonic output terminal 3 is short-circuited at the fundamental frequency. Therefore, a good isolation characteristic is realized between the fundamental wave output terminal 2 and the second harmonic output terminal 3 at both the fundamental wave frequency and the second harmonic frequency.

  Next, the operation when the power distribution circuit D1 in the first embodiment is used as a power combining circuit will be described. The input impedance Z2 of the fundamental wave output terminal 2 is equal to the system impedance Z0 at the fundamental frequency because Z1b is open at the fundamental frequency. Therefore, the fundamental wave input from the fundamental wave output terminal 2 is input to the fundamental wave output circuit 4 without reflection. Since Z1b is open at the fundamental frequency, all fundamental wave power that has passed through the fundamental wave output circuit 4 is output to the input terminal 1. Similarly, the input impedance Z3 of the second harmonic output terminal 3 is such that Z1a is open at the second harmonic frequency, Zos is open at the second harmonic frequency, and the characteristic impedance of the transmission line 7 is Since it is equal to the system impedance Z0, it is equal to the system impedance Z0 at the second harmonic frequency. Therefore, the second harmonic input from the second harmonic output terminal 3 is input to the second harmonic output circuit 5 without reflection. Since Z1a is open at the second harmonic frequency, all the second harmonic power that has passed through the second harmonic output circuit 5 is output to the input terminal 1. From the above, the power distribution circuit D1 in the first embodiment can also be used as a power combining circuit for combining the fundamental wave power and the second harmonic power to obtain the fundamental wave / double wave combined power.

  Next, the operation of the power distribution circuit D1 in the first embodiment will be described using simulation results. In this simulation, the fundamental frequency (f0) was 20 GHz, the second harmonic frequency (2f0) was 40 GHz, and the system impedance Z0 was 50Ω. It was assumed that the interdigital capacitor 6, the transmission line 7, and the open-ended stub 8 were all formed of 2 μm thick gold wiring on 80 μm gallium arsenide. In the notation of the S parameter, the input terminal 1 is defined as terminal 1 (port 1), the fundamental output terminal 2 is defined as terminal 2 (port 2), and the second harmonic output terminal 3 is defined as terminal 3 (port 3). .

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the frequency dependence of the insertion loss between the input terminal 1 and the fundamental wave output terminal 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the insertion loss at the fundamental frequency (20 GHz) is 0.1 dB or less, and it can be seen that the fundamental wave is transmitted with low loss. Conversely, the insertion loss at the second harmonic frequency (40 GHz) is about 18 dB, and it can be seen that the second harmonic is blocked with a sufficient suppression ratio.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the frequency dependence of the insertion loss between the input terminal 1 and the second harmonic output terminal 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the insertion loss at the second harmonic frequency (40 GHz) is 0.1 dB or less, and it can be seen that the second harmonic is transmitted with low loss. Conversely, the insertion loss at the fundamental frequency (20 GHz) is 40 dB or more, and it can be seen that the fundamental wave is blocked with a sufficient suppression ratio.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the frequency dependence of the reflection loss of the input terminal 1. As shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the reflection loss at the fundamental frequency (20 GHz) is about 28 dB, and the reflection loss at the second harmonic frequency (40 GHz) is about 39 dB, which realizes a good reflection characteristic.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the frequency dependence of the reflection loss of the fundamental wave output terminal 2. As shown in FIG. 5, the reflection loss at the fundamental frequency (20 GHz) is about 28 dB, and it can be seen that good reflection characteristics are realized.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the frequency dependence of the reflection loss of the second harmonic output terminal 3. As shown in FIG. 6, the reflection loss at the second harmonic frequency (40 GHz) is about 28 dB, and it can be seen that good reflection characteristics are realized.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram (isolation characteristic) showing the frequency dependence of the insertion loss between the fundamental wave output terminal 2 and the second harmonic output terminal 3. As shown in FIG. 7, the insertion loss at the fundamental frequency (20 GHz) is 40 dB or more, and the insertion loss at the second harmonic frequency is about 18 dB, which is a good isolation characteristic at both the fundamental frequency and the second harmonic frequency. It can be seen that is realized.

  As described above, according to the power distribution circuit in the above embodiment, the fundamental wave and the second harmonic are generated from the input wave including the fundamental wave and the second harmonic (second harmonic) with a simple circuit configuration. It can be separated into power output. The insertion loss and reflection / isolation characteristics at that time are optimized for a predetermined fundamental frequency (20 GHz in the above embodiment) and its double frequency (40 GHz in the above embodiment).

  Note that the power distribution circuit according to the present invention can sufficiently function as a power distribution circuit even when the operating frequency is slightly shifted (also in the power distribution circuits in the second to ninth embodiments). The same). For example, when looking at the insertion loss between the input terminal 1 and the fundamental output terminal 2 shown in FIG. 2, the fundamental frequency is within a range of 10% above and below the design value of 20 GHz (ie, in the range of 18 to 22 GHz). If so, there is almost no loss to the fundamental wave (0.3 dB or less), and a sufficiently large loss (about 13 dB or more) is maintained for the second harmonic (36 to 44 GHz), with a sufficient suppression ratio. Only the fundamental wave can be output to the fundamental wave output terminal 2.

  Further, with respect to the same frequency range, the insertion loss between the input terminal 1 and the second harmonic output terminal 3 shown in FIG. 3 is small with respect to the second harmonic (second harmonic) (0.6 dB or less). In addition, a sufficiently large loss (about 15 dB or more) is maintained for the fundamental wave, and only the second harmonic can be output to the second harmonic output terminal 3 with a sufficient suppression ratio.

  The same applies to the reflection loss shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 and the isolation shown in FIG. 7, and sufficient reflection / isolation characteristics are maintained even when the frequency of the fundamental wave deviates by about 10% from the predetermined value. be able to.

  The degree of deviation between the fundamental frequency in circuit design and the signal frequency to be passed is a trade-off between the degree of deterioration of insertion loss / reflection loss / isolation characteristics and the system requirements caused by the deviation. The allowable range is determined by. The maximum range is about ± 10% as described above, but preferably within ± 5% (the same applies to the power distribution circuits in the second to ninth embodiments).

  The power distribution circuit according to the present invention can function as a power distribution circuit for frequencies having a certain width (the same applies to the power distribution circuits in the second to ninth embodiments). ). That is, the power distribution circuit according to the present invention is not only fixed to a single fundamental frequency, but also when the fundamental frequency fluctuates with a predetermined width based on the center frequency, that is, Even when the fundamental wave can have a plurality of frequencies or in a frequency band, it can be used as a power distribution circuit. In this case, the interdigital capacitor 6, the transmission line 7, and the open-ended stub 8 are each designed to have an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the fundamental wave. In this case, the power distribution circuit may be designed so that the frequency to be used is within ± 10% at maximum of the design fundamental frequency of the power distribution circuit, preferably within ± 5%.

  In the above embodiment, considering that the frequency and the wavelength are in an inversely proportional relationship, the electrical lengths of the interdigital capacitor 6, the transmission line 7, and the open-ended stub 8 constituting the power distribution circuit are as follows. Obviously, it may be slightly shifted from the quarter wavelength of the fundamental wave that is passed and distributed through the circuit. The allowable degree of deviation of the electrical length is derived from the above-described allowable frequency deviation, but is generally within ± 10% at maximum, preferably within ± 5% with respect to a quarter wavelength of the fundamental frequency. It may be considered (the same applies to the power distribution circuits in the second to ninth embodiments).

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a power distribution circuit according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power distribution circuit according to the second embodiment. In the power distribution circuit D2 shown in FIG. 8, the same components as those of the power distribution circuit D1 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the power distribution circuit D2, the second harmonic output circuit 5 is connected to the electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after the quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency (preferably, 1 at the fundamental frequency). A transmission line 9 as a second transmission line having an electrical length in the range of ± 5% before and after / 4 wavelength is provided. More specifically, in the second harmonic output circuit 5, a transmission line 9 is interposed between the branch point X of the open end stub 8 and the second harmonic output terminal 3. The characteristic impedance of the transmission line 7 and the transmission line 9 in such a power distribution circuit D2 is before and after the system impedance (load impedance connected to the input terminal 1, the fundamental wave output terminal 2, and the second harmonic output terminal 3). It is set to be in the range of ± 10%.

  The operating principle of such a power distribution circuit D2 is the same as that of the power distribution circuit D1 in the first embodiment. The input impedance Z3 of the second harmonic output terminal 3 at the fundamental frequency is short-circuited in the first embodiment, whereas the second embodiment is different in that it is open. However, between the fundamental frequency output terminal 2 and the second harmonic output terminal 3, good isolation characteristics are realized at both the fundamental frequency and the second harmonic frequency (second harmonic frequency). There is no. The first embodiment and the second embodiment are properly used depending on the application of the power distribution circuit.

  In such a power distribution circuit in the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the power distribution circuit in the first embodiment can be obtained.

[Third embodiment]
Next, the configuration of the power distribution circuit in the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power distribution circuit according to the third embodiment. In the power distribution circuit D3 shown in FIG. 9, the same components as those of the power distribution circuit D1 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the power distribution circuit D3, a mixed wave of the 2 ⁱ (i = k−1, k,..., N) order harmonic is converted into the 2 ^(k−1) order harmonic (k Is a natural number and represents a fundamental wave when k = 1) and a ^k- th power distribution circuit 12 that separates into other mixed waves (harmonics excluding 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonics). The power distribution circuit 10 to the n-th power distribution circuit 14 (n is a natural number of 2 or more) are sequentially connected and configured. In the following description, the kth power distribution circuit 12 and the (k + 1) th power distribution circuit 13 in the power distribution circuit D3 will be described as an example.

The k-th power distribution circuit 12 outputs the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic included in the input wave (mixed wave) input from the k-th input terminal 21 to the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic output terminal 17. 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic output circuit 24 as the 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic output means and 2 ^(k- ) included in the input wave (mixed wave) input from the kth input terminal 21. ^{1) A} k-th output circuit 25 serving as k-th output means for outputting harmonics excluding the second-order harmonics to the k-th output terminal 22 is provided.

The 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic output circuit 24 has an electrical length (preferably 2 ^(k-1) order ^{) in} the range of ± 10% around the quarter wavelength at the 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic frequency. The electrical length is in the range of ± 5% before and after the quarter wavelength at the harmonic frequency, but in the following description, it is assumed that the electrical length is the quarter wavelength at the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic frequency. The k-th interdigital capacitor 24a is provided.

Also, the k output circuit 25, 2 ^(k-1) the electrical length of about ± 10% in the range of 1/4 wavelength at the next harmonic frequency (preferably, 2 ^(k-1) 1 in the next harmonic frequency The electrical length is in the range of ± 5% before and after the / 4 wavelength, but in the following description, the electrical length of the ¼ wavelength at the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic frequency is used. And an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after the quarter wavelength at the 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic frequency (preferably ± 5 before and after the 1/4 wavelength at the 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic frequency. %, But in the following description, the ^k- th end open stub 25b having an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic frequency is provided. The kth transmission line 25a is interposed between the kth input terminal 21 and the kth output terminal 22, and the kth tip open stub 25 is inserted. Is provided from the k transmission line 25a is branched between the first k output terminal 22.

On the other hand, the (k + 1) -th power distribution circuit 13 converts the 2 ^k- order harmonics included in the harmonics (mixed waves) output from the k-th output terminal 22 and input from the (k + 1) -th input terminal 23 to the 2 ^k- order harmonics. and 2 ^k-th harmonic output circuit 24Y as 2 ^k harmonics output means for outputting the wave output terminal 18, 2 ^k order contained in the first (k + 1) input from the input terminal 23 harmonics (mixed wave) A (k + 1) th output circuit 25Y is provided as (k + 1) th output means for outputting harmonics excluding harmonics to the (k + 1) th output terminal 22Y.

2 ^k-th harmonic output circuit 24Y, the electrical length of about ± 10% in the range of 1/4 wavelength at the 2 ^k harmonic frequency (preferably, ± before and after the quarter-wavelength at the 2 ^k-th harmonic frequency of 5 (K + 1) interdigital capacitor 24Ya having an electrical length in the range of%.

Further, the (k + 1) output circuit 25Y, the electrical length of about ± 10% in the range of 1/4 wavelength at the 2 ^k harmonic frequency (preferably, ± before and after the quarter-wavelength at the 2 ^k harmonic frequency and the (k + 1) transmission line 25Ya having an electrical length) of 5% range, the electrical length of about ± 10% in the range of 1/4 wavelength at the 2 ^k harmonic frequency (preferably, 2 ^k harmonic frequency (K + 1) th open-ended stub 25Yb having an electrical length in the range of ± 5% before and after the quarter wavelength at (k + 1) th transmission line 25Ya. 23 to the (k + 1) th output terminal 22Y, and the (k + 1) th end open stub 25Yb branches from the (k + 1) th transmission line 25Ya to the (k + 1) th output terminal 22Y. Is provided.

In the power distribution circuit D3 illustrated in FIG. 9, the (k + 1) th input terminal 23 of the (k + 1) th power distribution circuit 13 and the kth output terminal 22 of the kth power distribution circuit 12 are connected to each other. The power distribution circuit 10 to the n-th power distribution circuit 14 are sequentially connected in series, and the characteristic impedance from the first transmission line to the n-th transmission line is the system impedance (first input terminal 1, primary harmonic output terminal 15,2 harmonic output terminal ^{16, ···, 2 (k-} 1) th harmonic components output terminal 17,2 ^k harmonics output terminal 18, ···, 2 ^n-1 order harmonic The load impedance connected to the wave output terminal 19 and the nth output terminal 20) is set in a range of ± 10% before and after. If the power distribution circuit D3 shown in FIG. 9 is composed of only the kth power distribution circuit 12 and the (k + 1) th power distribution circuit 13 (configured by two power distribution circuits), the kth transmission line 25a and the (k + 1) the characteristic impedance of the transmission line 25Ya, the system impedance (k-th input terminal 21,2 ^(k-1) th harmonic components output terminal 17,2 ^k harmonics output terminal 18, and the (k + 1) It is set to be in a range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance connected to the output terminal 22Y.

Next, the operation of the power distribution circuit in the third embodiment will be described. It is assumed that a mixed wave of the 2 ⁱ (i = k−1, k,..., N) order harmonic is input to the kth input terminal 21.

2 ^(k-1) order harmonic output circuit 24 is composed of a kth interdigital capacitor 24a having an electrical length of 1/4 wavelength at the 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic frequency), The 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic is passed with low loss, and the 2 ⁱ (i = k−1, k,..., N) order harmonic is blocked.

On the other hand, the k-th open-ended stub 25b included in the k-th output circuit 25 has an electrical length of ¼ wavelength at the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic frequency, so 2 ⁱ (i = k−1, k ,..., N) At the second harmonic frequency, the input impedance Zos [k] is open. That is, the open end stub 25a in the kth output circuit 25 does not affect the 2 ⁱ (i = k−1, k,..., N) order harmonics. Accordingly, the 2 ⁱ (i = k−1, k,..., N) order harmonic passes through the k th output circuit 25 and reaches the k th output terminal 22. Conversely, the input impedance Z1b [k] of the k-th output circuit 25 becomes open at the 2 ^{(k-1) th} order harmonic frequency, and the 2 ^{(k-1) th} order harmonic is blocked.

When a fundamental wave (first harmonic) and a mixed wave of 2 ⁱ (i = 1, 2,..., N) harmonics are input to the input terminal 1, the above operation is the first power. The fundamental wave and the 2 ⁱ (i = 1, 2,..., N) order harmonics are repeated from the 1st harmonic output terminal 15 to the 2 ^n-1 order harmonics from the distribution circuit to the nth power distribution circuit. The signals are sequentially output to and separated from the output terminal 19 and the n-th output terminal 20.

As described above, according to the power distribution circuit of the above embodiment, the basic circuit and the fundamental wave and the 2 ⁱ (i = 1, 2,. The wave and the 2 ⁱ (i = 1, 2,..., N) order harmonics can be sequentially separated into a power output.

Also in the third embodiment, as in the first and second embodiments, the power distribution circuit D3 can function as a power distribution circuit for frequencies having a certain width. In this case, for example, ^assuming that the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic and the 2 ^k- order harmonic have predetermined widths with respect to the center frequency, respectively, the k-th interdigital capacitor 24a, the k-th harmonic. Each of the transmission line 25a and the k-th open end stub 25b has an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic, The interdigital capacitor 24Ya, the (k + 1) th transmission line 25Ya, and the (k + 1) -th open-ended stub 25Yb each have an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after the quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the 2 ^k- order harmonic. Designed to have.

[Fourth embodiment]
Next, a power distribution circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power distribution circuit according to the fourth embodiment. In the power distribution circuit D4 shown in FIG. 10, the same components as those of the power distribution circuit D4 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the power distribution circuit D4, the k-th output circuit 25 has an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after the quarter wavelength at the 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic frequency (preferably, A second ^k- th transmission line 25c having an electrical length in the range of ± 5% before and after a quarter wavelength at 2 ^(k-1) -order harmonic frequency is provided. More specifically, in the k-th output circuit 25, a second k-th transmission line 25c is interposed between the branch point of the k-th open end stub 25b and the k-th output terminal 22.

Such a second k-th transmission line is provided in each of the first power distribution circuit 10 to the n-th power distribution circuit 14, as shown in FIG. The characteristic impedance from the first transmission line to the n-th transmission line and from the second first transmission line to the second n-th transmission line is the system impedance (first input terminal 1, first harmonic output terminal 15). , the second harmonic output terminal ^{16, ···, 2 (k-} 1) th harmonic components output terminal 17,2 ^k harmonics output terminal 18, · · ·, 2 ^n-1 order harmonic output terminal 19, And the load impedance connected to the n-th output terminal 20) is set in a range of ± 10% before and after.

  In such a power distribution circuit in the fourth embodiment, the same effect as that of the power distribution circuit in the third embodiment can be obtained.

[Fifth embodiment]
Next, a frequency multiplier to which the power distribution circuit in the first embodiment is applied will be described as a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a frequency multiplier according to the fifth embodiment. In the power distribution circuit 28 shown in FIG. 11, the same components as those of the power distribution circuit D1 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the frequency multiplier D5 includes a multiplier circuit 26 and a power distribution circuit 28, and an output terminal of the multiplier circuit 26 and an input terminal of the power distribution circuit 28 are fundamental waves and second harmonics. The mixed wave output terminal 27 is connected. The multiplier circuit 26 converts the fundamental wave power input from the input terminal 1 into mixed wave power including at least the fundamental wave power and the second harmonic power, and outputs the mixed wave power to the mixed wave output terminal 27. Yes. As described in the first embodiment, the power distribution circuit 28 outputs the mixed power of the fundamental wave and the second harmonic to the fundamental wave power and the second harmonic power.

Thus, the frequency multiplier D5 can input the fundamental wave power and separate and output both the fundamental wave power and the second harmonic power. When the fundamental wave and the second harmonic are separated and output from the fundamental wave input, the entire fundamental wave power is input to the multiplication circuit 26 as in the present embodiment, and the fundamental wave power is output on the output side of the multiplication circuit 26. In addition to the form of separating the second harmonic power and the second harmonic power, the fundamental wave power is first separated on the input side of the multiplier circuit 26, and the band pass filter for the second harmonic is provided on the output side of the multiplier circuit 26. Is also possible. The reason why the format of the present embodiment is adopted in the present invention is as follows. First, the output level of the second harmonic generally depends very strongly on the fundamental input level. Therefore, if the fundamental wave input is first separated and the input level is lowered, the harmonic output level is greatly reduced, and the desired harmonic output level cannot be ensured in many cases. However, the quantitative discussion needs to be made in consideration of the nonlinear characteristics of the nonlinear element, the fundamental wave input level, the desired fundamental wave and harmonic output levels, and the like. Second, even when the fundamental wave power is first separated on the input side of the multiplier 26, a fundamental Wilkinson power distribution circuit is required on the input side. Therefore, the form shown in the present embodiment does not greatly disadvantage from the viewpoint of the number of elements and the chip area.

[Sixth embodiment]
Next, as a sixth embodiment of the present invention, a frequency multiplier when a configuration example of the multiplier circuit 26 in the frequency multiplier D5 of the fifth embodiment is shown will be described.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a frequency multiplier according to the sixth embodiment. In the power distribution circuit 28 shown in FIG. 12, the same components as those of the power distribution circuit D1 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the frequency multiplier 26 in the frequency multiplier D6 includes a heterobipolar transistor (HBT) 29 as an active element, an input matching circuit 30 provided on the input side of the HBT 29, a base bias supply circuit 32, and an HBT 29. An output matching circuit 31, a collector bias circuit 33, and a fundamental wave termination circuit 35 provided on the output side are provided. Further, DC cutoff capacitors 34 a and 34 b are provided at the input stage and the output stage of the multiplier circuit 26.

  Here, the input matching circuit 30 includes a transmission line 36a and a tip open stub 37a. The output matching circuit 31 includes a transmission line 36b and a tip open stub 37b. The base bias circuit 32 includes a transmission line 38, a base bias terminal 39, and a high frequency grounding capacitor 40a. The collector bias circuit 33 includes a transmission line 41, a collector bias terminal 42, and a high frequency grounding capacitor 40b. The fundamental wave termination circuit 35 includes a resistor 43 and a tip open stub 44 having an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the fundamental frequency.

  The multiplying circuit 26 configured as described above generates second harmonic power using the nonlinearity of the HBT 29 with respect to the input of the fundamental wave power from the input terminal 1, and a mixed wave of the fundamental wave and the second harmonic. It has a function of outputting power. The output balance between the fundamental power and the second harmonic power can be controlled by setting the resistance value of the resistor 43. Then, the mixed power of the fundamental wave and the second harmonic output to the mixed wave output terminal 27 is separated into the fundamental wave power and the second harmonic power by the power distribution circuit 28.

  Next, the operation of the frequency multiplier in the sixth embodiment will be described using simulation results by the harmonic balance method. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing output waveforms at each output terminal when a fundamental wave having a frequency of 20 GHz and an amplitude of 1.4 Vp-p is input from the input terminal 1, and FIG. 13A shows an output waveform at the mixed wave output terminal 27. (B) shows the output waveform at the fundamental wave output terminal 2, and (C) shows the output waveform at the second harmonic output terminal 3. As shown in FIG. 13, it can be seen that the mixed wave of the fundamental wave and the second harmonic output to the mixed wave output terminal 27 is separated into the fundamental wave component and the second harmonic power by the power distribution circuit 28. .

[Seventh embodiment]
Next, as a seventh embodiment of the present invention, a frequency multiplier when another configuration example of the multiplier circuit 26 in the frequency multiplier D5 of the fifth embodiment is shown will be described.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a frequency multiplier according to the seventh embodiment. In addition, in the frequency multiplier D7 in FIG. 14, the same components as those in the frequency multiplier D6 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 14, in the frequency multiplier 26 in the frequency multiplier D7, a transmission line 36c and an open end stub 37c are added to the output matching circuit 31. These additions make it possible to achieve better output matching at both the fundamental frequency and the second harmonic frequency.

[Eighth embodiment]
Next, as an eighth embodiment of the present invention, a frequency multiplier in a case where still another configuration example of the multiplier circuit 26 in the frequency multiplier D5 of the fifth embodiment is shown will be described.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a frequency multiplier according to the eighth embodiment. In addition, in the frequency multiplier D8 in FIG. 15, the same components as those in the frequency multiplier D6 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 15, in the frequency multiplier 26 in the frequency multiplier D8, the resistor 43 is variable. By controlling the variable resistance value, it is possible to control the balance between the fundamental wave power output to the fundamental wave output terminal 2 and the second harmonic power output to the second harmonic output terminal 3.

[Ninth embodiment]
Next, as a ninth embodiment of the present invention, a transmitter front end for optical communication to which the frequency multiplier in the fifth to eighth embodiments is applied will be described.

  FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a transmitter front end for optical communication according to the ninth embodiment. The frequency multiplier shown in any one of FIGS. 11, 12, 14, and 15 is applied to the frequency multiplier 45 in the transmitter front end for optical communication shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the transmitter front end for optical communication includes a frequency multiplier 45, a MUX (multiplexer) circuit 46, an identification circuit 47, a modulator driver 48, and the like. The frequency multiplier 45 generates a clock signal having a fundamental frequency and a second harmonic frequency from a clock signal having a fundamental frequency input from the input terminal 1, and supplies the clock signal to the MUX circuit 46 and the identification circuit 47, respectively. It has become. The operation of the other components is not directly related to the present invention and will not be described.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention, It is included in the scope of the invention.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of the power distribution circuit in 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows the frequency dependence of the insertion loss between the input terminal 1 and the fundamental wave output terminal 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency dependence of the insertion loss between the input terminal 1 and the 2nd harmonic output terminal 3. FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency dependence of the reflection loss of the input terminal. It is a figure which shows the frequency dependence of the reflection loss of the fundamental wave output terminal. It is a figure which shows the frequency dependence of the reflection loss of the 2nd harmonic output terminal. It is a (isolation characteristic) figure which shows the frequency dependence of the insertion loss between the fundamental wave output terminal 2 and the 2nd harmonic output terminal 3. FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the power distribution circuit in 2nd embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the power distribution circuit in 3rd embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the power distribution circuit in 4th embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the frequency multiplier in 5th embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the frequency multiplier in 6th embodiment. It is a figure which shows the output waveform in each output terminal at the time of inputting the fundamental wave of frequency 20GHz and the amplitude 1.4Vp-p from the input terminal 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the frequency multiplier in 7th embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the frequency multiplier in 8th embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a block of the transmitter front end for optical communications in 9th embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the conventional power distribution circuit which isolate | separates a fundamental wave and a 2nd harmonic. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the conventional power distribution circuit which isolate | separates a fundamental wave and a 2nd harmonic. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the conventional power distribution circuit which isolate | separates a fundamental wave and nth harmonic. It is a figure which shows the other structural example of the conventional power distribution circuit which isolate | separates a fundamental wave and nth harmonic.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Input terminal 2 ... Fundamental wave output terminal 3 ... Second harmonic output terminal 4 ... Fundamental wave output circuit 5 ... Second harmonic output circuit 6 ... Interdigital capacitor 7 , 9 ... Transmission line 8 ... Open end stub 10 ... First power distribution circuit 11 ... Second power distribution circuit 12 ... kth power distribution circuit 13 ... (k + 1) power Distribution circuit 14 ... nth power distribution circuit 15 ... primary high frequency output terminal 16 ... secondary high frequency output terminal 17 ... 2 ^(k-1) second harmonic output terminal 18 ... 2 ^k 2nd harmonic output terminal 19... 2 ^(n-1) 2nd harmonic output terminal 20... Nth output terminal 21... Kth input terminal 22. k + 1) input terminals 24 ··· 2 ^(k-1) th harmonic components output circuit 24Y ... 2 ^k-th harmonic output circuit 25 ... first k output circuit 25Y · (K + 1) th output circuit 26 ... multiplier circuit 27 ... fundamental-second harmonic mixed wave output terminal 28 ... power distribution circuit 29 ... heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT)
30 ... Input matching circuit 31 ... Output matching circuit 32 ... Base bias circuit 33 ... Collector bias circuit 34a, 34b ... DC blocking capacitor 35 ... Fundamental wave termination circuit 36a, 36b, 36c , 38, 41 ... transmission lines 37a, 37b, 37c, 44 ... open-ended stubs 39 ... base bias terminals 40a, 40b ... high frequency ground capacitance 42 ... collector bias terminal 43 ... resistance 45 ... Frequency multiplier 46 ... MUX circuit 47 ... Identification circuit 48 ... Modulator driver 49 ... Data signal input terminals D1-D4 ... Power distribution circuits D5-D8 ... Frequency Multiplier

Claims (17)

A fundamental wave output means for outputting a fundamental wave included in an input wave input from the input terminal to a fundamental wave output terminal; and a second harmonic wave included in the input wave input from the input terminal as a second harmonic output terminal. A second harmonic output means for outputting to the power distribution circuit,
The fundamental wave output means includes an interdigital capacitor having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the fundamental wave,
The interdigital capacitor is interposed between the input terminal and the fundamental wave output terminal,
The second harmonic output means includes a first transmission line having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength of the fundamental wave frequency, and ± around a quarter wavelength of the fundamental wave frequency. An open-ended stub having an electrical length in the range of 10% ,
The first transmission line is interposed between the input terminal and the second harmonic output terminal,
It said tip terminal of the open stub, the power distribution circuit, characterized that you have provided between said second harmonic wave output terminal from said first transmission line. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1,
Each frequency of the fundamental wave has a predetermined width based on the center frequency,
The interdigital capacitor, the first transmission line, and the open-ended stub each have an electric length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the fundamental wave. circuit. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1 or 2,
The characteristic impedance of the first transmission line, the input terminal, the fundamental wave output terminal, and power to the front and rear ± 10% range der wherein Rukoto load impedance connected to the second harmonic output terminal Distribution circuit. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1 ,
A second transmission line having an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength of the fundamental wave frequency is interposed between the branch point of the open stub and the second harmonic output terminal. A power distribution circuit. The power distribution circuit according to claim 4 ,
The characteristic impedance of the first transmission line and the second transmission line is within a range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance connected to the input terminal, the fundamental wave output terminal, and the second harmonic output terminal. Power distribution circuit characterized by The k (k is a natural number) 2 included in the input waves inputted from the input terminal ^(k-1) the next harmonic 2 ^(k-1) 2 to output the next harmonic output terminal ^(k-1) order harmonics Wave output means, and ^k- th output means for outputting harmonics excluding 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonics included in the input wave input from the k-th input terminal to the k-th output terminal. k power distribution circuit;
Said output from the k output terminals a (k + 1) 2 ^k harmonics output means for outputting the 2 ^k th harmonic wave included in the harmonic wave input from the input terminal to the 2 ^k harmonic output terminal, said first (K + 1) th power distribution unit comprising: (k + 1) th output means for outputting to the (k + 1) th output terminal harmonics excluding the 2 ^kth order harmonic included in the input wave input from the (k + 1) input terminal Circuit,
A power distribution circuit comprising:
The 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic output means includes a ^k- th interdigital capacitor having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the 2 ^(k-1) order harmonic. ,
The k-th interdigital capacitor is interposed between the k-th input terminal and the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic output terminal;
Wherein said k output means, said 2 ^(k-1) and the k transmission line having an electrical length of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the next harmonic, the 2 ^(k-1) following A k-th open-ended stub having an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at a harmonic frequency,
The kth transmission line is interposed between the kth input terminal and the kth output terminal;
The k-th open end stub is provided between the k-th transmission line and the k-th output terminal;
The 2 ^k harmonic output means comprises a (k + 1) th interdigital capacitor having an electrical length of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the 2 ^k-th harmonic,
The (k + 1) -th interdigital capacitor is interposed between the (k + 1) -th input terminal and the 2 ^k- order harmonic output terminal,
Wherein the (k + 1) output means, and the (k + 1) transmission line having an electrical length of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the 2 ^k-th harmonic, the frequency of the 2 ^k-th harmonic A (k + 1) th open-ended stub having an electrical length in the range of ± 10% before and after the quarter wavelength of
The (k + 1) th transmission line is interposed between the (k + 1) th input terminal and the (k + 1) th output terminal,
Wherein the (k + 1) open stub, the first (k + 1) from said transmission line (k + 1) th power distribution circuit, characterized that you have provided between the output terminal. The power distribution circuit according to claim 6, wherein
The frequency of the 2 ^(k−1) order harmonic has a predetermined width based on the center frequency,
The k-th interdigital capacitor, the k-th transmission line, and the k-th open-ended stub are each within a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic. Has an electrical length,
The (k + 1) -th interdigital capacitor, the (k + 1) -th transmission line, and the (k + 1) -th open-ended stub each have a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the 2k-order harmonic. power distribution circuit, characterized in Rukoto which have a electrical length of. The power distribution circuit according to claim 6 or 7,
The characteristic impedances of the k-th transmission line and the (k + 1) -th transmission line are the k-th input terminal, the 2 ^(k−1) -order harmonic output terminal, the 2 ^k- order harmonic output terminal, and the (k + 1 ) -th transmission line. ) A power distribution circuit having a range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance connected to the output terminal . In the power distribution circuit according to claim 6,
The from the branch point before Symbol k-th open stub having an electrical length of the 2 ^(k-1) before and after ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the next harmonic between the k-th output terminal 2 k-th transmission line is inserted,
The before SL (k + 1) th of the open stub branch point has an electrical length of about ± 10% of the range of a quarter wavelength at the frequency of the 2 ^k harmonics between the first (k + 1) output terminal 2 (k + 1) th power distribution circuit, characterized in Rukoto transmission line are inserted. The power distribution circuit according to claim 9 , wherein
The characteristic impedances of the kth transmission line, the second kth transmission line, the (k + 1) th transmission line , and the second (k + 1) th transmission line are the kth input terminal, the 2 ^{(k− 1)} A power distribution circuit having a range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance connected to the second harmonic output terminal, the 2 ^kth harmonic output terminal, and the (k + 1) th output terminal. The power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
A configuration in which the (k + 1) th input terminal of the (k + 1) th power distribution circuit and the kth output terminal of the kth power distribution circuit are connected, and at least three or more power distribution circuits are sequentially connected in series. A power distribution circuit. The power distribution circuit according to claim 9 , wherein
The (k + 1) th input terminal of the (k + 1) th power distribution circuit is connected to the kth output terminal of the kth power distribution circuit, and the nth (n is a natural number) power distribution from the first power distribution circuit. At least three or more of the power distribution circuits up to the circuit are sequentially connected in series;
The characteristic impedances of the first transmission line to the nth transmission line and the second first transmission line to the second nth transmission line are 2 ^{( n)} from the first input terminal and the first harmonic output terminal. ⁻¹⁾ A power distribution circuit having a range of ± 10% before and after the load impedance connected to the second harmonic output terminal and the nth output terminal. A multiplication circuit that receives a fundamental wave power and outputs a mixed wave including at least a fundamental wave power and a second harmonic power, and the power distribution circuit according to claim 1, wherein the multiplication is performed. frequency multiplier according to claim Rukoto input terminals of the power distributing circuit and the output terminal of the circuit is not connected. 11. The multiplier circuit according to claim 6, wherein a fundamental wave power is input, and a multiplier circuit that outputs a mixed wave including at least the fundamental wave power and 2 ^k- order harmonic power (k is a natural number from 1 to n); and a power distribution circuit, wherein the frequency multiplier, characterized in Rukoto input terminal is connected to an output terminal of said multiplier circuit and said power distribution circuit. The frequency multiplier according to claim 13 or 14,
The multiplication circuit includes an active element, an input matching circuit and a bias supply circuit provided on the input side of the active element, an output matching circuit and a bias supply circuit provided on the output side of the active element, and a fundamental wave termination circuit If, frequency multiplier, characterized in Rukoto equipped with. The frequency multiplier according to claim 15,
The fundamental frequency termination circuit includes an open-ended stub and a resistor having an electrical length in a range of ± 10% before and after a quarter wavelength at a fundamental frequency, and a frequency multiplier. In the frequency multiplier according to claim 1 6,
The resistance, frequency multiplier, wherein the variable resistor der Rukoto.

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