JP4171512B2 - 魚油を用いた治療に対する感受性に及ぼす遺伝子型の影響 - Google Patents
魚油を用いた治療に対する感受性に及ぼす遺伝子型の影響 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4171512B2 JP4171512B2 JP2006506160A JP2006506160A JP4171512B2 JP 4171512 B2 JP4171512 B2 JP 4171512B2 JP 2006506160 A JP2006506160 A JP 2006506160A JP 2006506160 A JP2006506160 A JP 2006506160A JP 4171512 B2 JP4171512 B2 JP 4171512B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tnf
- fish oil
- production
- individual
- homozygous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 93
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title description 25
- 108090001005 Interleukin-6 Proteins 0.000 claims description 54
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 claims description 53
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 claims description 52
- MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N (3s)-4-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(1s)-1-carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[2-[[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN MZOFCQQQCNRIBI-VMXHOPILSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 102000004889 Interleukin-6 Human genes 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 108090000542 Lymphotoxin-alpha Proteins 0.000 claims description 37
- 102100026238 Lymphotoxin-alpha Human genes 0.000 claims description 33
- 108700028369 Alleles Proteins 0.000 claims description 28
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 21
- 102000054765 polymorphisms of proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006433 tumor necrosis factor production Effects 0.000 description 70
- 229940100601 interleukin-6 Drugs 0.000 description 44
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 15
- 210000003819 peripheral blood mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 235000020660 omega-3 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 8
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 elixir Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010074051 C-Reactive Protein Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100032752 C-reactive protein Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003205 genotyping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004968 inflammatory condition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012408 PCR amplification Methods 0.000 description 3
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vitamin B6 Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000016396 cytokine production Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002066 eicosanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 2
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000008157 ELISA kit Methods 0.000 description 2
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000968028 Homo sapiens HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000764535 Homo sapiens Lymphotoxin-alpha Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004083 Lymphotoxin-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010060862 Prostate cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000269821 Scombridae Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000692 Student's t-test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010006785 Taq Polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100040247 Tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007844 allele-specific PCR Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000035250 cutaneous malignant susceptibility to 1 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000020988 fatty fish Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002795 fluorescence method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019514 herring Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002998 immunogenetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020640 mackerel Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940069328 povidone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007894 restriction fragment length polymorphism technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007492 two-way ANOVA Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BISQPGCQOHLHQK-RUEGXZCXSA-N (6e,8e,10e,14e,17e)-5,12-dihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14,17-pentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C\C\C=C\CC(O)\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)CCCC(O)=O BISQPGCQOHLHQK-RUEGXZCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIIUUSVHCHPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethyl-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZIIUUSVHCHPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000220479 Acacia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091093088 Amplicon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000037260 Atherosclerotic Plaque Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091033380 Coding strand Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002785 Croscarmellose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006820 DNA synthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010014303 DNA-directed DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016928 DNA-directed DNA polymerase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012442 Dermatitis contact Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010038218 Dietary Fish Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010067770 Endopeptidase K Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206602 Eukaryota Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002846 Familial prostate cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108700039691 Genetic Promoter Regions Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010071602 Genetic polymorphism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100040485 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000022559 Inflammatory bowel disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N Lycopene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=C)CCCC2(C)C UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEVVKJMRZMXFBT-XWDZUXABSA-N Lycophyll Natural products OC/C(=C/CC/C(=C\C=C\C(=C/C=C/C(=C\C=C\C=C(/C=C/C=C(\C=C\C=C(/CC/C=C(/CO)\C)\C)/C)\C)/C)\C)/C)/C JEVVKJMRZMXFBT-XWDZUXABSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000009906 Meningitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010060860 Neurological symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101710163270 Nuclease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000009328 Perro Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010677 Phosphodiesterase I Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010064785 Phospholipases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000015439 Phospholipases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- ZYFVNVRFVHJEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N PicoGreen Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN(CCCN(C)C)C1=CC(=CC2=[N+](C3=CC=CC=C3S2)C)C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYFVNVRFVHJEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000000236 Prostatic Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000001263 Psoriatic Arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000036824 Psoriatic arthropathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006146 Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010040047 Sepsis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010052779 Transplant rejections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011543 agarose gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940121363 anti-inflammatory agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002260 anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124599 anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940063834 carboxymethylcellulose sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007891 compressed tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010247 contact dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OBRMNDMBJQTZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cresol red Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C2(C3=CC=CC=C3S(=O)(=O)O2)C=2C=C(C)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 OBRMNDMBJQTZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003405 delayed action preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018823 dietary intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N dinoprostone Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002702 enteric coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009505 enteric coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethidium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC(N)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(N)C=C2[N+](CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005542 ethidium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020735 familial prostate carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007614 genetic variation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004957 immunoregulator effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000017306 interleukin-6 production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- VNYSSYRCGWBHLG-AMOLWHMGSA-N leukotriene B4 Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C[C@@H](O)\C=C\C=C\C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCC(O)=O VNYSSYRCGWBHLG-AMOLWHMGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015263 low fat diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012661 lycopene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAIJSZIZWZSQBC-GYZMGTAESA-N lycopene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C OAIJSZIZWZSQBC-GYZMGTAESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001751 lycopene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004999 lycopene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007932 molded tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010369 molecular cloning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021590 normal diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020665 omega-6 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014999 perianal Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004393 prognosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001915 proofreading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011535 reaction buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940023144 sodium glycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DCQXTYAFFMSNNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O.OCCN(CCO)CCO DCQXTYAFFMSNNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010068698 spleen exonuclease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZCIHMQAPACOQHT-ZGMPDRQDSA-N trans-isorenieratene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/c1c(C)ccc(C)c1C)C=CC=C(/C)C=Cc2c(C)ccc(C)c2C ZCIHMQAPACOQHT-ZGMPDRQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117013 triethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JEJAMASKDTUEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,1,3-tribromo-2,2-dimethylpropyl) phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(C)(C)C(Br)(Br)OP(=O)(OC(Br)(Br)C(C)(C)CBr)OC(Br)(Br)C(C)(C)CBr JEJAMASKDTUEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
- A61K35/60—Fish, e.g. seahorses; Fish eggs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/106—Pharmacogenomics, i.e. genetic variability in individual responses to drugs and drug metabolism
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
本発明は、栄養補助食品を用いた炎症性疾患の治療に対する個体の感受性を評価する方法に関する。
ヒトの身体における炎症は、腫瘍壊死因子-α(TNF-α)により媒介される。TNF-αは、感染後や傷害後に急速に現れる一群の前炎症性サイトカインの1つである(Beutlerら, Crit Care Med 21:423-35 (1993)およびLinら, Surgery 127:117-26 (2000))。TNF-αは、広範にわたる作用を有する。TNF-αは、赤身(lean)組織および脂肪組織の減失を引き起こし、体温を上昇させ、食欲を低下させ、さまざまな免疫調節サイトカインや酸化剤分子の産生を促進する(Grimble, Clin Sci 91:121-30 (1996))。これらの作用は、侵入する病原体にとって不利な環境を作り出し、内在性供給源に由来する免疫系に対して基質をもたらし、免疫系の活性を亢進させ修正する。したがって、TNF-αは、身体が病原体の侵入に耐えるようにさせる上で極めて重要な役割を担っている。
本発明者らは、TNF-α産生に対する魚油の炎症抑制作用に対する個体の感受性が、TNF-α -308、LT-α +252およびIL-6 -174の一塩基多型(SNP)によりコードされるかまたはそれらと関連する遺伝的多様性(genetic variation)と関連することを見出した。また、TNF-α産生に対する魚油の炎症抑制作用が、細胞による固有のTNF-α産生レベルとも関連することが示された。
a)その個体の固有のTNF-α状態を決定し;
b)その個体の遺伝子型をTNF-α -308、LT-α +252および/またはIL-6 -174アレルでの多型に関して決定し;そして
そこから、その個体が魚油を用いた治療に対して十分応答するかどうかを推定する、
ことを含む上記方法を提供する。
a)その個体の遺伝子型をTNF-α -308、LT-α +252および/またはIL-6 -174アレルでの多型に関して決定し;
b)そこから、その個体が魚油を用いた治療に対して十分応答するかどうかを推定する、
ことを含む、上記方法を提供する。
a)その個体の固有のTNF-α状態を決定し;
b)その個体の遺伝子型をTNF-α -308、LT-α +252および/またはIL-6 -174アレルでの多型に関して決定し;そして
c)そこから、その個体が魚油を用いた治療に対して十分応答するかどうかを推定する、
ことを含む、上記方法を提供する。
本発明は、その第1の態様において、個体の遺伝子型をTNF-α -308、LT-α +252および/またはIL-6 -174アレルでの多型に関して決定することを必要とする。
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ホモ接合性TNF1/1:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ホモ接合性TNF2/2:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ホモ接合性TNFB1/1:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ホモ接合性TNFB2/2:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 CC
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ホモ接合性IL-6 GG、または
ヘテロ接合性TNF1/2:ヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2:ヘテロ接合性IL-6 CG。
−アレル特異的オリゴヌクレオチド(ASO)とのハイブリダイゼーション(Wallace, R. B.ら(1981) Nucleic Acids Research. 9:879-894;Ikuta, S.ら (1987) Nucleic Acids Research. 15:797-811;Nickerson, D.ら (1990) PNAS USA 87:8923-8927, Verlaan-de Vries, Mら(1986) Gene. 50:313-320, Saiki, R. K.ら(1989) PNAS. USA 86:6230-6234、およびZhang, Y.ら(1991) Nucleic Acids Research. 19: 3929-3933);
−アレル特異的PCR(Newton, C. R.ら(1989). Nucleic Acids Research. 17:2503-2516, Gibbs, R. A.ら (1989) Nucleic Acids Research. 17:2437-2448)。
−Howell WM, Bateman AC, Turner SJ, Theaker JM (2002). Influence of TNFαand LTα single nucleotide polymorphisms on susceptibility to and prognosis in cutaneous malignant melanoma in the British population European Journal of Immunogenetics, 29, 17-23。
−McCarron SL, Edwards S, Evans PR, Gibbs R, Dearnaley DP, Dowe A, Southgate C, The CRC/BPG UK Familial Prostate Cancer Study Collaborators, Easton DF, Eeles RA, Howell WM (2002) Influence of cytokine gene polymorphisms on the development of prostate cancer. Cancer Research, 62, 3369-3372。
−Howell WM, Turner SJ, Bateman AC, Theaker JM (2001). IL-10 promoter polymorphisms influence tumour development in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Genes and Immunity, 2, 25-31。
−Poole KL, Gibbs PJ, Evans PR, Sadek SA, Howell WM (2001) Influence of patient and donor cytokine genotypes on renal allograft rejection: evidence from a single study. Transplant Immunology, 8, 259-265。
−固相ミニシーケンシング(Syvanen, A. C.ら(1993) Am. J. Human Genet. 52:46-59)。
−オリゴヌクレオチド連結アッセイ(OLA)(Wu, D. Y.,ら (1989) Genomics. 4:560-569, Barany, F. (1991) PNAS USA 88:189-193, Abravaya, K.ら 1995. Nucleic Acids Research. 23:675-682)。
−5’蛍光原性ヌクレアーゼアッセイ(Lee, E.ら J. Toxicol. Soc. 23: 140-142, (1998), 米国特許第4,683,202号、米国特許第4,683,195号、米国特許第5,723,591号および米国特許第US5,801,155号)。
−制限酵素断片長多型(RFLP)(Donis-Keller H.ら. (1987) Cell, 51, 319-337)。
1.被験体および研究設計
年齢28±8才(20〜57才の範囲)、体重77±11kg(50〜103kgの範囲)およびボディマス指数24±4kg/m2(18〜34kg/m2の範囲)である健常な男性の被験体(n=111人)をサウサンプトン地域から募集した。喫煙者および炎症性疾患を有する個体もしくは抗炎症薬の投与を受けている個体は、本研究からは除外した。被験体は、通常の生活と食事を続けたが、さらに、6g/日のカプセル封入魚油(1.8ngのn-3 PUFA/日を与える)(Maxepa, Seven Seas Ltd, Hull, UK)を12週間にわたり摂取した。血液を採取する前に、被験体は一夜、少なくとも12時間絶食した。開始時および魚油投与期間完了時に、3つの別個の血液サンプルを連続的に採取した。まず最初に、ヘパリンリチウム入りバキュテイナー管に20mlの血液を採取した。この血液はPBMCの調製に使用した。次に、5mlの血液を凝血剤不含のバキュテイナー管に採取した。この血液は、C-反応性タンパク質(CRP)濃度を測定するための血清の調製に用いた。最後に、5mlの血液をEDTA入りバキュテイナーに採取した。この血液は、遺伝子型決定用のDNAの調製に用いた。
ヘパリン添加血液をHistpaque-1077(Sigma Chemical Co., Poole, UK)で遠心分離すること(Yaqoobら,. Eur J Clin Nutr 30:399-410 (2000))によりPBMCを単離し、2mmol/Lのグルタミンおよび50ml/lの自己血漿を含有するRPMI培養培地に再懸濁した。PBMC(2×106個)を、最終培養量2ml中、最終濃度15 mg/lの大腸菌0111:B4の内毒素(Sigma Chemical Co., Poole, UK)の存在下で、24ウェル組織培養プレートで培養した。5%CO2/95%空気の雰囲気下で37℃で24時間後に、培養プレートを遠心分離し、上清を分析するまで-80℃で凍結させた。TNF-α濃度を、EASIA(登録商標)ELISAキット(Biosource International, Nivelles, Belgium)を用いて測定した。アッセイ内およびアッセイ間の変動係数は10%未満であり、検出限界は3ng/lであった。
EDTA中に採取した血液のアリコートを、TNF-α -308(TNF1、TNF2)およびLT-α +252(TNFB1、TNFB2)の一塩基多型(SNP)について遺伝子型を決定した。これらのSNPは、文献に報告があるが変動的であるそれらのTNF-α産生との関連(Kroegerら, Cytokine 12:110-119 (2000)およびWarzochaら, Blood 91:3564-81 (1998))に基づいて選定した。ゲノムDNAを塩析法(Millerら, Nucleic Acid Res 16:1215 (1988))により抽出した。それぞれのSNPを、二反応増幅不応性変異システムポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(ARMS-PCR)法を用い、先に公表されている方法(Howell WMら, European Journal of Immunogenetics, 29:17-23 (2002); Perreyら, Transpl Immunol 7:127-8 (1999))に基づいて検出した。この方法では、1つのSNP当たり2つの別個のPCR反応を行う。それぞれのPCR反応はまた、追加のPCRプライマー対を含むものとした。このプライマー対は、ヒト白血球抗原DRB1遺伝子の第3イントロン由来の配列を増幅させて、PCRが成功したことの内部対照として機能するものである。全てのPCR反応は反応容量10μl中で行い、最終試薬濃度は次のとおりとした:1×AS反応緩衝液(Abgene, Epsom, UK)、200μmol/lの各dNTP、120g/lのショ糖、200μmol/lのクレゾールレッド、1μmol/lのそれぞれの特異的または共通プライマー、0.2μmol/lの各内部対照プライマー、0.25単位のThermoprimePLUS DNAポリメラーゼ(Abgene, Epsom, UK)、1.75mmol/lのMgCl2および25〜100ngのDNA。PCRプライマー配列、および各SNPアンプリコンの産物サイズを表2に示す。PCR反応条件は、Primus 96 Plusサーマルサイクラー(MWG Biotech, Germany)を用い、次のサイクル条件に従って行った:96℃で60秒、続いて96℃で15秒、65℃で50秒、72℃で40秒を10サイクル;次に96℃で190秒、60℃で50秒、72℃で40秒を20サイクル。PCR産物を、0.5g/lのエチジウムブロミドを含有する2%アガロースゲルにそのままローディングし、電気泳動を行い、UV照射の下で写真撮影により可視化した。
魚油食事療法に対するコンプライアンスは、血漿リン脂質の脂肪酸組成の測定により評価した。総脂質をクロロホルム/メタノール(2:1 v/v)で血漿から抽出し、リン脂質を薄層クロマトグラフィーにより、ヘキサン/ジエチルエーテル/酢酸(90:30:1 v/v/v)の混合物を溶出相として用いて単離した。10g/lの三フッ化ホウ素を含むメタノールと共に80℃で60分間インキュベートすることにより脂肪酸メチルエステルを調製した。脂肪酸メチルエステルを溶媒抽出により単離し、乾燥し、そして30m×0.32mm BPX70キャピラリーカラムに適合させた膜厚0.25μmのHewlett-Packard 6890ガスクロマトグラフ(Hewlett Packard, Avondale, PA)でのガスクロマトグラフィーにより分離した。キャリアガスとしてヘリウムを1.0ml/分で用い、スプリット/スプリットレス注入装置をスプリット/スプリットレス比20:1で用いた。注入装置および検出装置の温度は275℃とした。サンプル注入後、カラムオーブン温度を170℃で12分間維持し、次に5℃/分で170℃から210℃まで昇温し、その後210℃で15分間維持するようにプログラムした。分離は、HP GC Chem Stationソフトウェア(Hewlett Packard, Avondale, PA)で記録した。脂肪酸メチルエステルは、予め分離しておいた標準物質との比較により同定した。
特に明示しない限り、表示の値は平均±SDとして表わす。魚油を投与する前のTNF-α産生の三分位間でのTNF-αおよびLT-α遺伝子型の分布の差違は、χ2検定を用いて調べた。TNF-α産生についておよび血漿リン脂質中の各種脂肪酸の割合についての魚油投与前の値と魚油投与後の値との間の差異は、対応のあるスチューデントt検定を用いて求めた。魚油投与前または投与後の各種遺伝子型間でのTNF-α産生の差異は、一元配置分散分析法(one-factor ANOVA)により求めた。遺伝子型、投与前のTNF-α産生の三分位、ならびにそれらの相互作用の、TNF-α産生に対する魚油の作用に及ぼす影響は、二元配置分散分析法(two-factor ANOVA)により求めた。全ての場合において、有意差レベルは0.05に設定し、多重比較用のBonferonniの補正法を用いた。全ての統計学的比較は、SPSSバージョン10(SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL)を用いて行った。
1.血漿リン脂質の脂肪酸組成
全ての被験体が、その血漿リン脂質におけるエイコサペンタエン酸およびドコサヘキサエン酸の割合の増大を示し、投与期間の終了時点でそれぞれ平均増加量は370および94であった(表5)。魚油由来のn-3 PUFAの見かけ上の増加は、血漿リン脂質中のアラキドン酸の割合が大幅に減少したことに伴うものであった。
TNF-α高度産生個体における魚油の抑制作用は、TNF-α、LT-αまたはIL-6遺伝子型とは無関係に生じた(表6)。しかし、魚油投与後のTNF-α産生の低下の程度の測定において、TNF-α遺伝子型と固有のTNF-α産生との間には有意な相互作用が存在した(相互作用についてのP=0.035;二元配置ANOVA)。
本発明者らのデータから、n-3 PUFAのTNF-α産生抑制作用に対する個体の感受性が、投与前の個体由来の細胞によるサイトカイン産生の固有レベル、ならびにTNF-α -308、LT-α +252およびIL-6 -174のSNPによりコードされるかまたはそれらと関連する遺伝的多様性と関連することが示唆される。矛盾するようであるが、魚油は、一部の被験体、特に投与前の産生の最低三分位に含まれる被験体においては、TNF-α産生を増大させると思われる。魚油がTNF-α産生を低下させずに増大させることができることは、意外なことではない。炎症が起こっている間、ホスホリパーゼA2は、膜リン脂質を加水分解して、前炎症性エイコサノイドであるプロスタグランジンE2(PGE2)およびロイコトリエンB4(LTB4)の産生に利用可能なアラキドン酸を生成する。in vitroでの研究から、PGE2およびLTB4が、前炎症性サイトカイン産生に対して逆の作用を有し、前者(PGE2)は抑制的な影響を及ぼし、後者(LTB4)は促進的な影響を及ぼすことが示されている(Endresら, N Eng J Med 320:265-71 (1989)およびChoiら, Cell Immunol 170:178-84 (1996))。魚油は、細胞膜中のプロアラキドン酸を改変させる可能性がある。そのような作用により、PGE2およびLTB4の産生は低下し、PGE3およびLTB5の形成は増大する。これらのエイコサノイドは、PGE2およびLTB4よりも生物活性が低い。したがって、全体としてみたTNF-α産生に対する作用(抑制か、促進か)は、アラキドン酸およびエイコサペンタエン酸から生じるさまざまな促進性エイコサノイドと抑制性エイコサノイドとの間のバランスに依存する。
Claims (8)
- 魚油を用いた炎症性疾患の治療に対する個体の感受性の評価方法であって、その個体の遺伝子型をTNF-α -308、LT-α +252および/またはIL-6 -174アレルでの多型に関して決定し、決定された遺伝子型に基づいてその個体が魚油を用いた治療に対して十分応答するかどうかを推定することを含む上記方法。
- 個体の固有のTNF-α状態を決定することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- LT-α +252およびIL-6 -174アレルにおける遺伝子型を決定する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- LT-α遺伝子における遺伝子型がヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- IL-6遺伝子における遺伝子型がホモ接合性GGである、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- LT-αおよびIL-6遺伝子における遺伝子型が、それぞれヘテロ接合性TNFB1/2およびIL-6 GGである、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 魚油を用いた炎症性疾患の治療に対する個体の感受性の評価方法であって、
a)その個体の固有のTNF-α状態を決定し;
b)その個体の遺伝子型をTNF-α -308、LT-α +252および/またはIL-6 -174アレルでの多型に関して決定し;そして
決定された遺伝子型に基づいてその個体が魚油を用いた治療に対して十分応答するかどうかを推定する、ことを含む上記方法。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法を実施することにより前記治療に対する感受性があると評価された該治療に感受性のある患者の炎症性疾患を治療する医薬の製造のための、魚油の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46433603P | 2003-04-22 | 2003-04-22 | |
PCT/GB2004/001721 WO2004094665A1 (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-04-21 | Influence of genotype on susceptibility to treatment with fish oil |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006525009A JP2006525009A (ja) | 2006-11-09 |
JP2006525009A5 JP2006525009A5 (ja) | 2007-05-31 |
JP4171512B2 true JP4171512B2 (ja) | 2008-10-22 |
Family
ID=33310874
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006506160A Expired - Fee Related JP4171512B2 (ja) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-04-21 | 魚油を用いた治療に対する感受性に及ぼす遺伝子型の影響 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20060246454A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1616030A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4171512B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1806054A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2004233299B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2523377A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004094665A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2523377A1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-04 | University Of Southampton | Influence of genotype on susceptibility to treatment with fish oil |
DE102005005086A1 (de) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-10 | Flavin-Koenig, Dana F., Dr. | Naturheilmittel-Nahrungsergänzungs-Kombinationspräparat |
EP2673372A4 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2014-11-19 | Genqual Corp | METHODS OF PROGNOSIS AND DELIVERY OF TREATMENT FOR INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2523377A1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-04 | University Of Southampton | Influence of genotype on susceptibility to treatment with fish oil |
-
2004
- 2004-04-21 CA CA002523377A patent/CA2523377A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-21 CN CNA2004800166798A patent/CN1806054A/zh active Pending
- 2004-04-21 AU AU2004233299A patent/AU2004233299B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-04-21 WO PCT/GB2004/001721 patent/WO2004094665A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-04-21 JP JP2006506160A patent/JP4171512B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-21 EP EP04728600A patent/EP1616030A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-21 US US10/553,995 patent/US20060246454A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-12-10 US US12/635,044 patent/US20100183734A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-12-12 US US13/712,447 patent/US20160298190A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1616030A1 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
CA2523377A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
US20100183734A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
US20160298190A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
AU2004233299B2 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
AU2004233299A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
JP2006525009A (ja) | 2006-11-09 |
US20060246454A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
WO2004094665A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
CN1806054A (zh) | 2006-07-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20170166967A1 (en) | Methods of using single nucleotide polymorphisms in the tl1a gene to predict or diagnose inflammatory bowel disease | |
Snoussi et al. | Genetic variation in IL-8 associated with increased risk and poor prognosis of breast carcinoma | |
JP7109794B2 (ja) | Th1細胞誘導性細菌に対する抗菌組成物 | |
US20120214866A1 (en) | Treatment with cytokines | |
US20110124644A1 (en) | Methods of diagnosing and characterizing cannabinoid signaling in crohn's disease | |
US20150376707A1 (en) | Methods of diagnosing and treating inflammatory bowel disease | |
Zhang et al. | Iron deficiency modifies gene expression variation induced by augmented hypoxia sensing | |
Schwartz et al. | Pathogenetic factors for excessive IgA production: Th2-dominated immune response in canine steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis | |
TW200902724A (en) | Gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children with diabetes | |
US20130136720A1 (en) | Methods of using fut2 genetic variants to diagnose crohn's disease | |
Seiderer et al. | The role of the selenoprotein S (SELS) gene− 105G> A promoter polymorphism in inflammatory bowel disease and regulation of SELS gene expression in intestinal inflammation | |
Schippers et al. | TNF-α promoter, Nod2 and toll-like receptor-4 polymorphisms and the in vivo and ex vivo response to endotoxin | |
Kumaramanickavel et al. | Tumor necrosis factor allelic polymorphism with diabetic retinopathy in India | |
Mahanta et al. | The association of IL-8-251T/A polymorphism with complicated malaria in Karbi Anglong district of Assam | |
US20160298190A1 (en) | Influence of genotype on susceptibility to treatment with fish oil | |
JP7488581B2 (ja) | 薬剤耐性細菌又は炎症惹起性細菌に対する抗菌組成物 | |
Gui-Yan et al. | Associations between RAS gene polymorphisms, environmental factors and hypertension in Mongolian people | |
Lu et al. | Alterations of subset and cytokine profile of peripheral T helper cells in PBMCs from Multiple Sclerosis patients or from individuals with MS risk SNPs near genes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 | |
Alcaraz-López et al. | Assessment of candidate biomarkers to detect resistance to Mycobacterium bovis in Holstein-Friesian cattle | |
Marrakchi et al. | Interleukin 10 promoter region polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease in Tunisian population | |
Louka et al. | Coeliac disease candidate genes: no association with functional polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 3 gene promoters | |
Turcan et al. | Clinical and molecular characteristics of 3 moldavian children with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome | |
Wani et al. | Possible association of proinflammatory cytokine IL-19 gene polymorphism with psoriasis | |
Rubiati et al. | Relation of Susceptibility to Periodontitis and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha G-308A Polymorphism in Indonesian Males | |
Kikuchi et al. | Associations between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and polymorphisms of CRP, interleukin 1B, and tumor necrosis factor genes among Japanese health checkup examinees |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20070406 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20070406 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20080318 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20080612 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20080715 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20080808 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110815 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120815 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130815 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |